The Nation Newspaper

Category: Campus Life

  • Why youths are addicted to gambling

    It lives with us. Many consider it as a past time because legislation supports it. The rich gamble to get richer, the poor gamble to run away from the ambience of poverty. The gamblers do not have it written on their faces; there is no smell associated with it neither does it leave any trail on their body but it is the trait runs in their blood.

    The habit, which, with time turns to addiction, makes life to become worthless without it. Such is the life cycle of gamblers.

    Gambling makes you wager your money or other valuable items on an uncertain event. It is dependent, partly or wholly, on chance. In the long run, the bet causes harm to the gambler after he loses his chance. Gambling is a game of chance in which the probability of winning is an independent event. That is, just as there are only two sides to a coin, there are also only two sides in gambling. It is either you win or you lose. There is no such thing as sitting on the fence in a bet.

    In recent times, gambling rate has increased in geometric proportions and this is because of the desire to cheat greedy people by the lottery firm and to generate revenue for government. The lottery industry is becoming lucrative as it has become a huge employer of labour through the establishment of different lotteries and sweepstakes.

    The casinos, movie viewing centres, restaurants, bars etc become the pride rendezvous for gamblers to engage in betting.

    While gambling may generate revenue for the government and its agencies, some communities and religious institutions have continued to oppose it. This many not be unconnected with the concern that gambling leads to crime, corruption and other vices, which may be occasioned by the desperation to win at all cost.

    Alas, the most active participants in this trade are adolescents and youths whose main objective, rather than being on how to lay good foundations to better their tomorrow, is on the desire to get rich at all cost and crush any obstacle that might stand against their desire.

    Some of its apologists say gambling is a mere entertainment. If indeed it is, why would religious bodies go against it? For those who indulge in it, it is first a habit and later, a source of livelihood. But if the gambler does not win again, he may have to look other way (not usually a godly way) to make a living. Then, it becomes a problem.

    In a not-too-distant past, the general feeling towards gambling particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria is that of distraught and strong aversion. Today, it is no longer a vice accompanied by negative connotations and a loss of self-definition. It is now a form of entertainment, especially among youths of this distressed generation.

    Gambling poses a significant challenge to our public health. Recent statistics show that adolescents and young adults face highest risk of developing gambling problems. This is because of the increase in gambling centres, where the underage are daily being exposed to unregulated forms of gambling and are daily succumbing to the temptation and pressure to engage in the act.

    As in most game of chance, money is spent to get more money. And for adolescents and youths who rely on their parents for their daily bread, the money to bet has to be gotten from their parents under false excuse. If this fails, they look for other means of getting the money to satisfy their urge to bet.

    At this point, gambling becomes an addiction. Its effect devastates both to doer, the family and the society at large. When the money stops coming the way of gambler, he may engage in drugs in frustration.

    In trying to escape poverty and play roles in the financial upkeep of their families, many youths have chosen to indulge in gambling to put food on their family’s table.

    The mass media is culpable in promoting the act of gambling through newspaper ads and electronic advertorial. The resultant effect of gambling on youths, if not checked, could go worse than the problem associated with drug abuse.

    One of the ways to check the immoral act of gambling is enactment of a legislation that would regulate gambling and make it less lucrative by setting a limit on the amount a gambler can place on betting, which will, in turn, reduce the amount he would win.

    The situation whereby lottery houses promote their businesses online should also be discouraged. Gambling among youths would be reduced if unemployment is tackled.

    Avenues must be created for youths to engage in productive ventures as this is the only true way they can be discouraged from developing gambling habits that subsequently ruin individual and family values. Chinese poet, Ai Qing, noted: “The losers win, the winners lose. What does not change is the dirt, the rags and the stupidity. At dusk in disappointment they scatter, each one returning to his pitch black house.” The house in this contest is the society where we all live in.

     

    Philip, graduating student of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering, DELSU

  • 4,907 take oath at YABATECH

    The  Yaba College of Technology (YABATECH), Lagos, has matriculated freshers.

    The Rector, Dr Margret Ladipo, urged the students to strive for academic excellence. She reminded them that of 110,000 applicants,  only 4,907 were admitted.

    Dr Ladipo said the College would not tolerate indiscipline and involvement in anti-social activitiess, such as cultism, examination misconduct and other vices.

    The Rector challenged the students to abide by the college’s rules to ensure their success, saying management had made necessary arrangements for a hitch-free academic year.

    She charged the students to make good use of the college’s facilities for self-development, saying they must be focused and hardworking to make success of their stay in the college.

    Some of the matriculating students who spoke to CAMPUSLIFE said they were excited to be admitted to the college, saying they would make good use of their time to achieve academic excellence.

  • ‘Aunty Ngozi lives in our hearts’

    The Press Club of the University of Lagos (UNILAG) has held the third edition of the Ngozi Agbo Memorial Lecture at the Afe Babalola Hall. MODIU OLAGURO (400-Level Education and Mathematics) and IFEOMA NWALISI (300-Level English) report.

    Sweet is the memory of the righteous, says the Bible. Many of the students, who gathered at the Afe Babalola Hall of the University of Lagos (UNILAG), never met the honoree. She died two years ago, bequeathing a worthy legacy, which they vowed  to uphold.

    This was the resolve of participants at the Third Memorial Lecture in honour of the pioneer editor of CAMPUSLIFE, Mrs Ngozi Agbo, who died on May 28, 2012. Members of the UNILAG Press Club hold the event annually to celebrate the life of the late Aunty Ngozi, as she was fondly called by students in higher institutions, who saw her as a mentor.

    The lecture with the theme: Campus journalism: Exploiting the online media for societal development, was chaired by the Editor, Online and Special Publication of The Nation, Mr Lekan Otufodunrin. It was attended by the Vice-Chancellor, Prof Rahamon Bello, who was represented by ace journalism teacher, Prof Ralph Akinfeleye, Head of Mass Communication Department, Dr Abigail Ogwezzy, spouse of the honoree, Mr Agbo Agbo, Managing Partner, Synthesis Communication, Desmond Ekeh, and CAMPUSLIFE Editor, Wale Ajetunmobi.

    Otufodunrin, in his keynote speech, said the sustenance of memorial lecture indicated the affection and values the late Aunty Ngozi inculcated in students through her weekly Pushing Out column.

    He said: “I am particularly glad that we are taking time to honour a lady who left a legacy. This is a confirmation that life is not about how long it is spent but how well. That we are here celebrating a lady, who practised journalism for less than 10 years but made significant impact in the profession is something for us to learn from. As young people, we must understand that we can make a difference in any area of human endeavour.”

    Speaking on theme, The Nation’s Editorial Board Chairman Sam Omatseye, said campus journalism must go beyond campuses. He urged students to go beyond airing their views in the print media and productively engage themselves on social media.

    “There is a need for campus journalists to go beyond the dissemination of information in prints to the online media because many media houses now have their presence on social media. The online media has come to stay and the campus journalists must be seen as adding value to the society through responsible reporting. Journalism cannot be practised in this age without the online media,” Omatseye, who was represented by Associate Editor, Mr Taiwo Ogundipe, said.

    Akinfeleye described the late Mrs Agbo as a journalist of repute and conscience, saying: “This is also for us to note that a campus journalist is a beneficiary of public trust; engaging in anything less than that is a betrayal of that trust.”

    Director of Faith and Research Foundation, a non-governmental organisation, Mr Abdulazizu Abna Salihu, who spoke on: Unionism and journalism: Complimentary, said both areas were of importance to the growth of society. He said an effort to remove one would naturally bring out the fury of the other. He urged the campus writers to be articulate in their report of events, saying they must be guided by the ethics of journalism.

    Other speakers included Abdussalam Amoo, a blogger and Samson Folarin, a former CAMPUSLIFE reporter and crime reporter with Punch.

    The event also featured the launch of UNILAG Gong, a magazine produced by members of the Press Club.

    Tope Ojedele, who edits the magazine, said: “Aunty Ngozi came up with an idea of helping young people to write and she is being remembered for that legacy through the production of UNILAG Gong. As young persons, the life and times of the honoree should make us to do something that we will be remembered for, no matter how little.”

    Wale Onagbesan, an Education and History student, said the event was a reference point for the youth that good ideas never die. “Although, I never met Aunty Ngozi but from the tributes and testimonies I heard during the event, it shows she led a good life and left a good legacy for us to emulate,” he said.

    To Lydia Kofoworola, the yearly event showed Aunty Ngozi never died. “She still lives within our hearts.

    “Aunty Ngozi was our teacher, mentor and guardian. She still whispers journalism, morality and righteousness to us,” she said.

     

  • Provost bags media award for his ‘administrative skill’

    Provost of Oyo State College of Agriculture, Igboora (OYSCAI) Prof Gbemiga Adewale has been honoured by Pen Group of Schools, an arm of the Nigeria Union of Journalists (NUJ).

    Prof Adewale was conferred with the Leadership in Educational Management (LEM) award in recognition of his administrative skill.

    According to the NUJ chairman, Comrade Gbenga Opadotun, journalists are not pessimists, who only point to the ills of the society, they also commend those who contribute to the development of the society.

    He described Prof Adewale as a visionary leader and an administrator par excellence.

    In his acceptance speech, Prof Adewale appreciated God and Governor Abiola Ajimobi who gave him the privilege to serve at the college.

    He said: “This singular opportunity gave me the impetus to serve and advance the College, such that I could be counted worthy of the award of Leadership in Educational Management.”

    Prof Adewale dedicated the award to Ajimobi, noting that the award would propel him to be more committed to the college.

    In attendance were the Principal Officers of the College, Mr Niyi Fehintola, Registar, Mr Olusegun Olaewe, the Bursar and Dr. Olatunji Olaojo,  the Librarian.

    In April, last year, Prof Adewale was conferred with a Media Friendly award by the NUJ, Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) Chapel in Ibadan.

  • Catching fun on the pitch

    Catching fun on the pitch

    Students of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Benin (UNIBEN) displayed their soccer skills during the weeklong contest for the Dean’s Cup. The football fiesta was organised by the Faculty of Arts Students’ Association (FASA). SUNNY IBEH (200-Level History) reports.

    All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. This saying aptly describes the action of Arts students of the University of Benin (UNIBEN), who suspended their studies penultimate week for soccer. It was the 2014 Dean’s Cup and students displayed their soccer skills.

    The fiesta featured male and female teams in the faculty’s 10 departments. The grand finale of the tournament was held on last week Tuesday, after the teams scaled through the group and knock-out stages.

    The final match, which was billed to start at noon, began a few hours behind schedule because of the weather. The event began with the female final match. It was the second time female students were allowed to participate in the tournament.

    The fixture was between the Indomitable Amazons of History Department and the Lions of International Studies and Diplomacy (ISD). There was a buzz when History Department’s skipper Natasha Nwanze scored the first goal.

    Ten minutes later, Zazi Idodo of the ISD scored the equalising goal to balance the game. The first half ended in a tie. The second half started amid chanting and cheers by the spectators.

    At 65 minutes, Sylvia Eneoguru of the History Department scored another goal, killing the morale of the opponents.

    At the 89th minute, Indomitable Amazons’ Juliet Chinwuba netted another goal, which finally weaken the ISD team. The match ended 3:1.

    History Department made history as the only department in the faculty that has won the trophy back-to-back.

    The final match of the male category kicked off immediately after the female game ended at 4pm. The match was between ISD and Theatre Arts Department. The game ended in favour of ISD, which had two goals in the first 20 minutes. The Theatre Arts had one goal.

    After winners emerged from both categories, the officials dressed the players and their coaches with gold and silver medals.

    To mark the feat, the ISD Department planned a victory party. Natasha told CAMPUSLIFE the goal was a dream comes true for her.

    “We are basking in the euphoria of our victory at the Dean’s Cup. For me, the goal I scored is a dream that has come true,” she said.

    The Faculty of Arts Students’ Association (FASA) president, Jeffery Arinze, described the success of the event as a divine intervention despite hiccups encountered in the planning. He said: “It is just God. We planned as humans and through his powers, it becomes a success.”

    On his part, the association’s Public Relations Officer, Stanley Amasianya, hailed Director of Sport for his “unrelenting effort” towards the success of the events. He advised other faculties to emulate the association.

    “I am happy that the tournament went as planned. The Director of Sport must be commended for this feat, which is as a result of his commitment towards the reality of the event,” he said.

     

  • Students float variety magazine at Ajasin varsity

    The maiden edition of the annual magazine of the Sparkle Media  Group, which is based at the Adekunle Ajasin University in Akungba-Akoko (AAUA), Ondo State, has hit the market.

    The 60-page variety magazine, it was gathered, is a publication by a group of students in the department of Mass Communication.

    Speaking during the event, the group’s President, Abiola Idowu, said the magazine was a dream come true, noting that it was designed to set the pace for journalistic excellence on the campus.

    Abiola attributed its success to the hard work, commitment and dedication of members, saying they were able to set aside their personal engagements to realise the magazine.

    One of the leaders of the group, Emmanuel Oyebade, said its vision was to perform the traditional functions of the media which were to inform, educate, and entertain.                                            He added that the group had grown since inception, with members drawn from various higher institutions of learning in the country.

    Editor of the magazine, Julius Omokhunu, commended the team spirit and ingenuity of members, pleading on them to redouble their efforts to give the group a pride of place in the media profession.

    High points of the launching included unveiling of the group’s website and blog.

    Presenting the magazine, its grand patron and head, department of Mass Communication, Dr Babatunde Oyinade, lauded the group for the initiative and charged them to do more.

  • Mixed reactions trail varsity’s e-exam

    Mixed reactions have continued trail the electronic examination at the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Ogun State.

    Students decried poor grading, saying many have become victims of the error-prone system.

    CAMPUSLIFE learnt that in the recent university exams, lecturers introduced the fill-in-the-gap questions, which made many unable to type the write answer as they would have done if it were to be multi choice method.

    It was gathered that students were made to type their answers in boxes provided on the system. A lecturer who pleaded anonymity, told CAMPUSLIFE that there was no need to introduce the new e-exam feature, saying “our students are becoming lazy because they do objective questions, they can easily do the guess-work.”

    The students on different social medias and in different forms agigated seriously on the devastating effect of this exam format on their acacdemic performance.

    The Students’ Union Public Relations Officer (PRO), Habeeb Oyekunle, said many students failed because they “crammed words from their notes as it was taught and typed according to what is programmed on the system of which they seemingly do not know.”

    Registering their grievances, students, led by SUG officials, met with the principal officers, including the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) officials to make complaints.

    Habeeb said: “The Vice Chancellor ruled against this form of exam and he further instructed that it be stopped as he advised lecturers that want to do fill in the gap exams to use paper especially with OMR sheet.”

  • ‘My mission is to solve maths problems’

    ‘My mission is to solve maths problems’

    Moshood Abiola, a Mathematics Education student of the University of Lagos (UNILAG), has developed a Mathematics Board Game, which he calls Math Race 1. He designed the game to help children understand mathematics. The 400-Level student tells TOSIN ADESILE how he came about the idea. 

    How did you come up with the idea of Mathematics Board Game and what is it all about?

    I discovered children love to have fun by playing games. Then, I conceptualised the idea when I was in SSS 1. I have always been wondering about the possibility of a mathematics board game. Ever since then, I have been working on it. Fortunately for me, I got the right pattern and design of the game when I went to urinate at the Elkanemi Hall of the University of Lagos. The design of the toilet tiles gave me the clue on how the pattern should look like. Math Race 1 is a mathematics board game for primary school children within Basic 2 to 6. The game will improve their knowledge in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division at the same time while they have fun.

    What do you hope to achieve through it?

    First, it is to solve the problem of abstract nature in Mathematics. It will also get children excited about mathematics. Secondly, it will make everybody to have sound mathematical foundation.

    How far have you gone with the idea?

    The sweetest thing is that it keeps getting easier. After the Math Race 1 was unveiled, I have also invented Math Race 2 for junior secondary school. Currently, I am working on a new game called Math War, which will be completed by the end of this month.

    Are you aware if this is not a duplication of existing idea?

    I am 100 per cent sure that nobody has done this. It took me 10 years to invent this game. I strategised and re-strategised until I finally got the solution.

    How many players can play the game?

    A maximum of six players can play at a time. It can also be played by one person. But the more the players, the more interesting it will be. It is also a family game. Parents can play with their kids. It can also be used for school competition.

    How have you been coping with your academics, given your innovative mind?

    It has been easy, considering the fact that what I do is connected to education. I spent one hour in the laboratory every day. Laboratory in this context is anywhere. It can be my hostel, class or any place I may find myself. I make sure I spent my time, thinking about a problem and finding a way to solve it.

    Do you have a role model?

    God is the best inventor. So, God is my role model.

    What is your philosophy of life?

    Find a problem and solve it.

    What would you be doing in a few years?

    I want to be a business man.

  • NANS wildcard (II)

    Last Thursday, I attended the third edition of the rescheduled Ngozi Agbo Memorial Lecture at the University of Lagos put together by the Press Club of the institution. As the lecture progressed, I took out time to look at the students, many of whom did not even meet the late Campuslife editor who passed away a little over two years ago. This notwithstanding, they deemed it fit to honour a young lady who gave them a platform to air their views, or in the words of one of them, “gave us wings to fly.”

    After the lecture ended, I engaged about ten of them on the recent happenings within the ranks of National Association of Nigerian Students (NANS). The verdict I got from them about their umbrella body was totally negative. They not only frowned at the award given the president, they were equally concerned about the plethora of awards being given to politicians of different hues. They specifically mentioned the so called “Mandela Icon Award” granted Chief Olabode George by the North Central zone of NANS.

    I also had a phone discussion with Yaqub Eleto, the chairman Lagos chapter of NANS. He did not mince words in denouncing the national leadership of the association. Aside the NANS national leadership intellectual collapse, he pointed out that the various structures of NANS – Zonal, State Joint Campus Committees and even, each students’ union – have either sold out to managements or politicians or lack the requisite intellectual wherewithal to lead successful and genuine struggles for students welfare.

    He was piqued by the indiscriminate conferment of awards on politicians by people parading themselves as students. He specifically singled out what he termed a “kangaroo” award granted Bode George which was backed up by a statement released to the media in the aftermath of the award.

    Speaking on behalf of the Lagos chapter, he said he “received the notice with great shock that some students from the north central are gathered at the national theatre to honour Chief Olabode George with Mandela Icon Award and to flag off fund raising for Youth and Students Mobilization for Johnathan 2015 South West Zone. We the members of NANS Lagos Chapter as an exemplary students’ body who believe in due process that before any award could be conferred on any Nigerian it must be pursuant to Article 3 paragraph B NANS constitution adopted at the BUK convention 1982; that 2/3 majority of the congress must have adopted the award and the recipient must have contributed immensely to the association.”

    Eleto revealed that the national body was not even aware of the award conferred on George! This is how low the once prestigious student body has fallen; it is now an all comers affair where students’ who graduated years ago with Masters Degree strive to “gain” admission again, even for a diploma programme so that they can be at the commanding height of the association. These “professional” students are often the ones that pay courtesy calls on politicians and the ones special advisers on youth affairs find attractive because they make their jobs easy. He alleged that “students from the north central zone got N2 million to mobilise members for the award.”

    It is a sad commentary that the Nigerian students’ movement has lost all the radical dispositions it was formerly recognised for. The media is replete with news about in fighting at various levels of NANS leadership. Apart from giving awards to politicians and businessmen, the body is noted for issuing statements in support of one politicians or party or another.

    The sad commentary assumes a higher dimension as the association now “endorses” politicians for elective offices; how this has anything to do with affairs on campuses still leaves more to be desired. Prior to this, the NANS leadership had identified with various anti-student, pro-establishment policies including the controversial acceptance of the hostel privatisation some years ago.

    One can easily remember the Hembe-led NANS leadership’s declaration for Obasanjo’s third term bid. But should we cast all the blame at the doorstep of the students? I don’t think so. Since they are part and parcel of the society, they only mirror the society. This is where integrity comes in. As I often tell students when I come in contact with them, everything about life is not always about money or material things. Life transcends these things. Integrity and a good name can never be bought with money. A corrupt politician or public office holder will forever wear that badge irrespective of whatever whitewash is used to gloss over his or her records.

    Why would UNILAG students decide to honour Ngozi that they never had the privilege of meeting? The answer is simple, she lived for posterity. She birthed an idea that outlived her and opened the doors of opportunities to a number of her former writers some of whom are now employers of labour! This is the major reason she’s been posthumously recognised. This also applies to the thousands out there treading where no one would in their determination to assist the helpless in society.

    They are the ones who see through the lies and deceit of politicians; they are the ones who make our leaders uncomfortable by ensuring they are accountable to the citizens; some, like Nobel laureate, Prof Wole Soyinka have become the conscience of the nation telling the hard truth to our leaders always.

    What I can deduce from the current happenings in NANS is that it has become another pawn in the chessboard of the corrupt ruling class because of the power and speed they have in mobilisation. If I’m right, there are more than four secretariats of NANS each seeking patronage from politicians. The lack of cohesion is evident in a bunch of students coming from the North Central zone to bequeath an award without carrying the Lagos chapter along.

    The crises rocking NANS can be traced to the dwindling powers of labour unions in the country which started with the formation of Trade Union Congress (TUC) from the mainstream NLC during President Obasanjo’s administration. The NLC has always been at the forefront mobilising Nigerians, including students, to oppose unpopular government policies like the removal of controversial fuel subsidies.

    Equally too, the lack of the ideological base of student leadership on the campuses and their failure to come up with coherent economic, social and political solutions to the myriad of problems confronting the Nigerian state led to their isolation from other mass organisations including workers’ movement and subsequent infiltration of their organizations by the pro-state elements. These elements saw a very fertile opening and they cashed in on it.

    Added to this is the conscious role of the school authorities and state agents in destroying the legacy of genuine students’ unionism either by buying over of students’ leaders or using naked force like the cultists, police and victimisation to deal with genuine student activists. Gone are the days when the likes of the late Segun Okeowo, Chris Abashir and others could engage academically with some of the brightest minds. This cannot be said about the present leadership of NANS.

    I still believe that a unified students’ body in the mold of NANS is necessary, but not as it is presently constituted. I’m of the opinion that a genuine Nigerian students’ movement must start afresh with focus on the transformation of our campuses and the society in general. Genuine activists still remaining on campuses must stand up and build a new pan-Nigerian students’ movement that will not only defend the rights of Nigerian youths, but work toward a well-funded and qualitative education sector.

    This won’t make any sense without an ideological rebirth which is necessary for a genuine students’ movement. Again, this won’t be easy as those benefiting from the present disorganised system would do anything in their powers to maintain the status quo; but it is possible.

  • YABATECH expels 19 students

    Management of the Yaba College of Technology (YABATECH) has explained why it expelled 19 students. They were sent home for misconduct, the authorities said.

    The Director of Public Relations, Dr Charles Oni, said the students were found guilty violating Section 14 (2) and Section 11 (4) of the college’s regulation, which is contained in the students’ handbook.

    Four other students were suspended, pending the outcome of the investigation panel of inquiry set up by the management.

    In a statement signed by the Registrar, Ms Biekoroma Amapakabo, the management warned the affected students to stay away from the campus. It also said the suspended students could be recalled to complete their programmes after writing an undertaking to be of good behaviour and obey the rules and regulation of the school.

    Dr Oni said the college had put in place adequate structures to ensure security of lives on the campus, noting that there are closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras at strategic locations on the campus.

    One of the expelled students, who pleaded anonymity, described the expulsion as victimisation.

    The Dean Students’Affairs, Mr O.T. Raheem, said the students were expelled for indulging in vices, such as rape, cultism and examination malpractices among others.

    He assured students that management was committed to ensuring adequate security on campus.

    The expelled students include Adebayo Ayomide Adedeji, ND 1 Textile Technology; Ola Motunrayo, ND II Business Administration; Oluwasegun Oladapo Adeola, HND II Building Technology; Rufai Idris, ND 1 Printing Technology; Jimoh Sikiru Oropo, ND 1 Printing Technology; Agada Emmanuel Achi , HND II Mechanical Engineering; Durosinmi Haffiz, Computer Engineering; Lawal  Semiu, ND 1 Printing Technology; Mecavel Ojiese Williams, HND II Statistics; Ubini Odafe Jabin, ND II Fine Ars; Aremu Ayo, ND 1 Estate Management; Akintade Mohammed, ND 1 Accountancy; Adesokan Rilwan  Segun, HND II Building Technology; Okon Oduak Promise, ND II Food Technology; Oluwayimika Isaac, ND II Printing Technology; Ogbugo John Kolawole, ND 1 Electrical Engineering; Ogunrinde Oluwaseun Sunday, ND I Marketing; Agoro Ismaila, HND 1 Survey and Geo-informatics and Tijani Ibrahim Abiodun, ND IIAccountancy.