Category: Health

  • Climate crisis no excuse to privatise public water, says Water Justice Coalition

    Climate crisis no excuse to privatise public water, says Water Justice Coalition

    As the world marks World Water Day 2025, the Our Water Our Right Africa Coalition (OWORAC) has called for urgent action to safeguard Africa’s water resources from what it describes as the twin threats of climate change and water privatisation.

    In a statement released on Friday, the coalition called on African governments to protect water as a public good, warning against the growing trend of treating water as a market commodity. It decried attempts to justify water privatisation under the guise of climate adaptation.

    Part of the statement reads: “This year’s theme, ‘Glacier Preservation’, spotlights the punishing impacts of climate change on global freshwater reserves. But the message must be clear, the climate crisis is no excuse to hand over our water to corporations.”

    OWORAC noted that rising global temperatures, largely driven by reckless extractivism and lack of corporate accountability, are already severely affecting freshwater availability across Africa. As such, allowing profit-driven models to control water supply would only deepen inequality and worsen access for vulnerable populations.

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    “Africa’s water crisis is already at a tipping point with over 1.3 billion Africans facing water insecurity every day. The glaciers that feed our rivers and sustain life are melting at alarming rates, threatening water security for millions,” the coalition said.

    “The melting of glaciers on Mount Kilimanjaro, the Rwenzori Mountains, and Mount Kenya —which feed vital rivers like the Nile, Congo, and others—will exacerbate droughts, food insecurity, and water stress for millions across the continent. In Africa, where entire communities depend on freshwater sources fed by mountain glaciers and seasonal flows, this crisis will not only intensify water shortages but also worsen social

    inequality. For those who already struggle to access clean and affordable water, the effects of climate change will be catastrophic—unless urgent action is taken.”

    The coalition drew a direct link between the worsening climate crisis and the growing push for water privatisation, calling them “two sides of the same coin.”

    “As glaciers recede and freshwater becomes scarcer, corporations and financial institutions are exploiting this crisis as an opportunity to entrench profit-driven models of water management,” OWORAC said.

    “The push for corporate control schemes such as so-called public-private partnerships (PPPs), water concessions, and bulk water purchase agreements across Africa has never been more prominent as African governments systematically cede control of water systems to profit-oriented entities. This has led to escalating water tariffs, reduced public oversight, and water cutoffs for non-payment, denying vulnerable populations access to a basic human right.”

    The pro-public water coalition warned that privatisation is not a solution to climate-induced water scarcity, arguing instead for long-term, publicly funded solutions.

    “If climate change is shrinking our water sources, then African governments must act decisively to expand and protect public water systems, not privatise them. The argument proffered by privatisation advocates, where they posit that increased private sector investment into the water sector is an appropriate response to climate-induced water scarcity, is flawed.

    “We need long-term commitments and action to adapt to climate change and fulfill the human right to water. Yet these urgent needs are simply incompatible with the insatiable pursuit of ever-rising quarterly profits and stock prices that corporations and their shareholders demand. The recklessly short-sighted profit incentives that have driven our planet to the current state of unsustainability must not be allowed to govern our essential public services, especially the provision of safe drinking water.”

    The statement cited past failures of water privatisation in countries such as Senegal, Kenya, Ghana, Cameroon, Mozambique, Gabon, and Tanzania as evidence that applying market models to essential services is not only ineffective but harmful to marginalised communities.

    “Market-driven models do not solve water crises, they worsen them and, in many cases, even create new ones.

    “The path forward requires massive public investment in water infrastructure to build climate resilience, community-driven water governance models that prioritise local needs over corporate profits, and legislative protections to prevent the privatisation of freshwater resources and public water services under the guise of “climate adaptation.”

    The coalition urged African governments, regional blocs, and global institutions to reject all forms of water privatisation and instead support state-led, publicly financed water systems that are accessible to all.

    “We also call on these institutions to strengthen climate adaptation policies that protect freshwater reserves and ensure sustainable public water management. African governments should also hold multinational corporations accountable for water exploitation and stop financial institutions from imposing privatisation as a pre-condition for water sector financing.

    “Glaciers are melting, but our resistance remains unyielding. African governments must act now to invest in strong, climate-resilient public water systems—not sell them off to corporations. We will not allow the climate crisis to become another excuse for corporate capture of our water. Water belongs to the people—not the market,” the statement concluded.

    The statement was signed by SYNATEEC Trade Union, Cameroon, African Centre for Policy and Advocacy, Cameroon, Biodiversity and Biosafety Association, Kenya, Confédération de Syndicats Autonomes du Sénégal, Senegal Water Justice Network, Senegal,  Water Citizens Network, Ghana, Revenue Mobilization Africa, Ghana, Corporate Accountability and Public Participation (CAPPA) and Corporate Accountability, USA.

  • JOHESU, AHPA reject proposed regulatory agency

    JOHESU, AHPA reject proposed regulatory agency

    The Joint Health Sector Unions (JOHESU) and the Assembly of Healthcare Professionals (AHPA) have reaffirmed their opposition to the proposed National Health Facility Regulatory Agency (NHFRA) and are demanding its immediate suspension, warning that its implementation could disrupt industrial harmony in the health sector. 

    The two bodies expressed concern that the Federal Ministry of Health continues to push the initiative despite previous objections, stating that it violates the 2024 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the union and the government, as well as the provisions of the National Health Act of 2014.

    Also, they raised concerns over the Drug Revolving Fund (DRF) Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) issued by the Federal Ministry of Health, urging the government to withdraw it.

    They argued that implementing the SOP without a proper legal review undermines professional responsibilities.

     They maintained that the DRF SOP must be reviewed in accordance with the Pharmacy Council of Nigeria (PCN) Act 2022, which designates registered pharmacists as responsible for drug procurement and management.

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    These resolutions were outlined in a communiqué signed by JOHESU’s National Chairman, Comrade Kabiru Ado Minjibir, and the National Secretary, Comrade Martin Egbanubi, following their leadership meeting on March 12 and 13, 2025, at the MHWUN National Secretariat in Abuja, where the implementation of the October 29, 2024, Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Federal government was reviewed.

    The meeting which coincided with the Minister of State for Health and Social Welfare, Adekunle Salako’s courtesy visit, was attended by the Presidents and General Secretaries of JOHESU’s affiliate unions, including MHWUN, the Nigerian Union of Allied Health Professionals (NUAHP), the Senior Staff Association of Universities, Teaching Hospitals, Research Institutions and Associated Institutions (SSAUTHRIAI), and the Non-Academic Staff Union of Universities, Educational and Associated Institutions (NASU).

    Also present were the pioneer national chairman of JOHESU and former Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) President Comrade Ayuba Wabba and the pioneer chairman of AHPA, G. C. Okara.

    Following extensive discussions, the leadership of JOHESU raised concerns over the delayed adjustment of the Consolidated Health Salary Structure (CONHESS).

  • Five animal venoms you didn’t know are used in medicine

    Five animal venoms you didn’t know are used in medicine

    In the field of medicine, scientists have made great strides in using various substances, like animal venom, plants and water, to help improve health and save lives. For example, one of the most surprising sources is animal venom, which has healing properties that can aid in many treatments.

    Here are some examples of animal venoms that are already used or being studied for medical treatments:

    1.       Snake Venom

    Snake venom contains various enzymes and toxins that may have medical benefits, especially for blood clotting and pain relief. For example, Captopril, a drug used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, comes from the venom of the Brazilian pit viper. The venom has a peptide that blocks an enzyme called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), leading to the creation of ACE inhibitors like captopril. Additionally, snake venom is used to make antivenoms to treat snakebites. Some parts of snake venom are also being researched as potential painkillers because they can block certain nerve signals.

    2.      Spider Venom

    Spider venom contains peptides and proteins that can target specific proteins in the body, helping to create new medicines. For example, Latrotoxin, found in the black widow spider, is being studied for pain management because it affects the release of neurotransmitters in the nervous system.

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    3.      Cone Snail Venom

    Cone snail venom contains conotoxins, which are peptides that block nerve signals, making them useful for pain management. For example, Ziconotide (Prialt), a drug made from cone snail venom, is a strong painkiller used to treat severe chronic pain. It works by blocking calcium channels in nerve cells.

    4.      Scorpion Venom

    Scorpion venom contains different toxins that scientists are studying for their ability to target cancer cells and treat other health problems. For example, Chlorotoxin, found in the venom of the Leiurus quinquestriatus scorpion, has shown potential in targeting and killing cancer cells, especially those in brain cancer (glioma).

    5.      Bee venom

    Bee venom contains compounds like melittin, which have anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties. For example, Apitherapy is the use of bee venom in medical treatments, including for conditions like arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Melittin, the main active compound, is known for its anti-inflammatory effects and is being researched for its potential to treat cancer.

  • Association flags off 2025 World Optometry day conference

    Association flags off 2025 World Optometry day conference

    The Lagos chapter of Nigerian Optometric Association (NOA) has officially flagged off its 2025 World Optometry Day Conference with the theme: “Advancing the optometrist’s role for a brighter future in Assbifi House, Alausa, Ikeja.

    The conference featured seminar/workshop and healthcare exhibitions. It had an attendance of over 500 professional optometrists, government senior personnel and other guests across Lagos State. The colourful event was organized to chart a new way that will enhance their professionalism, create a better future with the advancement on digitalization.

    The keynote speaker, Amb (Dr) Eniola Ajayi-Oke, who delivered the speech on the theme: “Advancing the optometrist’s role for a brighter future” stressed the need for the optometrists to look beyond the box, embarking on every strategies that would make their lives better in the future.

    Chairperson, Lagos Chapter of NOA, Dr Gloria Okoekhian-Ogulu, said the programme was organised to provide a valuable platform for the participants to discuss the challenges and opportunities, share best practices and collaborate on strategies to advance their profession.

    She stated that it underscores the evolving nature of their profession and unwavering commitment to providing comprehensive and accessible eye care to the communities.

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    “Optometrists are not just eyeglass providers; we are primary eye care practitioners, trained to diagnose, manage and treat a wide range of eye conditions. We play a crucial role in early detection of systemic diseases, impacting not only vision but overall health and well-being in the society.”

    Dr Okoekhian-Ogulu charged the optometrists on continuing embracing innovation and strive for excellence of the profession, adding that advocacy and visibility are part of the key factors that hinges optometry.

    “We need to be strong advocates for our profession and the patient we serve. We must engage with policymakers, healthcare administrators and the public to raise awareness about the importance of comprehensive eye care, ensure fair reimbursement for our services, and promote the integration of optometry into the broader healthcare system. This requires a unified voice, a collective efforts and commitment to championing the cause of eye health at every level.

    “We also need to increase our visibility of optometrists within our communities. Many people are still unaware of the full scope of our practices and the range of services we offer. We must actively engage in public awareness campaigns, participate in community health events and leverage various platforms to educate the public about the importance of regular eye examination and the expertise of optometrists. We must showcase our skills, knowledge, and dedication to patient care to build trust and recognition within our various communities,” Okoekhian-Ogulu added.

    Chief Executive Officer/Registrar Optometrists and Dispensing Opticians Registration Board of Nigeria (ODORBN), Dr Obinna Edwin Awiaka, explained that cataracts responsible for 43% of blindness in adults, uncorrected refractive errors, glaucoma and corneal opacities.

    To stem this ugly trend, he said ODORBN had dig-deep in innovation, education, advocacy and unity, adding that the body has partnered with stakeholders to establish model clinics.

    He admonished the optometrists to continue igniting innovation, share cutting-edge knowledge, and craft strategies for universal eye health, interactive workshops on tele-optometry, debates on policy reform and networking that will sparks lifelong collaborations.

    NOA President, Dr Chimeziri Anderson, stressed the need for optometrists to continue embarking on pivotal role of optometry in enhancing global health and wellness with equal access to eye care. He noted that optometrists, are specialists in eye care, diagnose and treat various vision issues, providing correctives measures such as glasses or contact lenses and many other rehabilitative eye care services.

    “NOA will continue to remain committed to support our state chapters, affiliated organization and all stakeholders interested in eye care to ensure that refractive errors services are widely available throughout Nigeria, ultimately contributing to the well-being of Nigerians,” Dr Anderson said.

    Lagos State Honorable Commissioner for Health, Prof Akin Abayomi, advised the participants to seize the opportunity of the conference to redefine and strengthen the role of optometry in healthcare. “Your expertise, dedication, and passion are indispensable in shaping a future where everyone has access to quality eye care. Let us continue to innovate, collaborate, and advocate for a brighter future—one where vision remains a pillar of health and prosperity for all. Your dedication to preserving and enhancing vision is not only essential to the individuals you serve but also to the overall health and well-being of our communities.

    “Early detection of eye diseases, management of chronic conditions, and integration with general healthcare are vital in reducing preventable blindness and vision impairment. As we move forward, it is crucial to expand your role within healthcare systems, ensuring that optometrists are recognized as key providers in eye health…”

  • FG intensifies measures against health professionals Japa syndrome 

    FG intensifies measures against health professionals Japa syndrome 

    The federal government has reaffirmed its commitment to curbing the mass exodus of healthcare professionals (Japa syndrome) seeking better working conditions abroad.  

    It revealed that as part of its broader efforts, which are already driving the expansion of tertiary health education student intake, improvements in healthcare infrastructure, and enhanced health workers’ social welfare, it has facilitated the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the National Hospital, Abuja and four private institutions. 

    In a statement on Friday by the Ministry’s Deputy Director of Information and Public Relations, Alaba Balogun, the Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Ali Pate, the initiative emphasized that the development aims to further strengthen the healthcare workforce and boost the sector capacity.

    The Institutions are the Nile University, Cosmopolitan University, Yangongwo College of Nursing Sciences and Concerned Medix Foundation.

    At the signing ceremony, the Coordinating Minister emphasized that the partnership aligns with the administration’s policy to expand training capacities. 

    “It is a testament to President Bola Tinubu’s commitment to expanding the training of health workers, filling the gaps left by those who have departed, and maintaining standards through the Regulatory and Professional Schools Division of the Ministry’s Hospital Services Department,” he said.  

    Pate underscored the government’s responsibility to address challenges in infrastructure, equipment, and human capital development, saying, “It is because Nigerian health workers are well trained that they are attractive to other countries.

    “Thankfully, because they are well-trained and, we are very proud of them. If we weren’t training them, they wouldn’t have been attractive to other countries.

    “Unfortunately, that has implications on the service delivery at home. So as not a government, we took a progressive stance to say, look, let’s train more.

    “So that even if those who are trained leave, some will stay. And even those who have gone away might come back to serve. And, that is the driving force behind this policy approval by President Bola Tinubu”.

    He highlighted the critical role of the private sector, noting that Nigeria’s health system operates as a mix of public and private institutions. 

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    “So, the private sector has a space, and I am very pleased that you have joined hands with the National Hospital to see how the hospital’s capabilities can help train more clinicians,” Pate stressed.  

    The Chief Medical Director (CMD) of the National Hospital, Prof. Raji Mahmud, praised President Tinubu’s commitment to strengthening the healthcare system while affirming that the collaboration would significantly increase the nation’s healthcare workforce training. 

    “Three out of the four institutions are mainly training institutions for medical students and nurses, working alongside the National Hospital, Abuja,” the CMD noted.  

  • Karu bridge crash: National Hospital coping with victims 

    Karu bridge crash: National Hospital coping with victims 

    …as some victims’ relatives still unaware 

    The National Hospital, Abuja, is currently treating 20 victims of a devastating fire incident caused by an articulated vehicle crash on Karu Bridge.  

    Unconfirmed sources indicate that the influx of patients is putting significant pressure on the hospital’s Trauma Center, as medical personnel are working tirelessly to manage the situation.

    The accident, which resulted in a fatal multi-vehicle collision, involved 18 vehicles, including two articulated trucks, two buses, an SUV, and 11 cars, many of which were engulfed in flames.  

    The injured were rushed to various medical facilities, including the National Hospital, Asokoro General Hospital, Karu General Hospital, and the State House Clinic, where they are receiving treatment.  

    More than 30 victims were initially brought to the National Hospital on the night of the incident. However, due to the severity of their injuries, 20 were admitted into intensive care for specialized treatment.

    The remaining victims were treated and discharged immediately, while some were later referred to the National Hospital from other facilities today (Thursday) for further comprehensive treatment.

    As of Thursday, 20 victims remain at the hospital’s Trauma Center, receiving medical care.

    At the Burns Unit of the Centre, our reporter observed four victims with severe burns, with some wrapped in bandages from head to toe.  

    One victim, visibly agitated and incoherent, was observed writhing in pain and according to hospital staff, no relatives had come forward for him at the time of filing this report.  

    Another critically injured patient, with a relative by his side, struggled to speak, his voice barely audible.

    A hospital staff member, speaking anonymously, expressed concern about the victims’ condition, emphasizing the urgency of public awareness. 

    “Even as we speak, we are struggling with shortages of essential supplies, including something as basic as bandages to treat these patients.

    “One of them with severe burns, I heard, the relatives have not shown up, they are probably not aware that he was a victim of that incident.

    “I can also tell you that the number of the victims brought in yesterday (Wednesday) was overwhelming considering our facilities, bed space and so on, but because the management has been informed of the incident earlier on, it was easier for them to manage the situation.

    “I can also tell you that the issue of the hospital bill will not even come up now because that’s the tradition of this hospital, it’s about saving life first. 

    “After the patient might have been stabilized and in a condition to provide information, then the relations would be contacted.

    “But so far, nothing about bills would be asked of the victims for now,” the source said.

    It was learned that the Chief Medical Director, Prof. Muhammad Raji Mahmud, was at the office of the Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Ali Pate. 

    While the purpose of the visit remained unclear, discussions regarding the victims’ hospital bills may have been on the agenda.

  • Nigeria calls for ethical health workforce migration, stronger UK partnership

    Nigeria calls for ethical health workforce migration, stronger UK partnership

    The federal government has emphasized the need for ethical and mutually beneficial health workforce migration while calling for stronger collaboration with the United Kingdom to enhance Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and strengthen its healthcare system.  

    Speaking at the UK-Africa Health Summit in London, the Minister of State for Health and Social Welfare, Adekunle Salako highlighted the importance of a structured approach to migration. 

    He stressed that while the movement of healthcare professionals fosters knowledge exchange and addresses workforce shortages, unregulated migration negatively impacts source countries like Nigeria.  

    “Between 2020 and 2022, the number of Nigerian doctors, nurses, midwives, and laboratory scientists seeking migration documents increased dramatically. 

    “The UK received 68% of these doctors and 52% of nurses and midwives, making it the primary destination,” Salako said. 

    He called for legally binding bilateral agreements, investment in training programs, and enhanced capacity building to ensure migration benefits both sending and receiving countries.  

    Salako also addressed Nigeria’s broader commitment to universal health coverage, stating that President Bola Tinubu’s administration is implementing the National Health Act of 2014. 

    This policy mandates that at least 1% of the consolidated revenue, alongside contributions from sub-national governments and international donors, be allocated to strengthen primary healthcare, expand social health insurance, and improve emergency medical services.  

    The Minister acknowledged Nigeria’s long-standing partnership with the UK in health, education, business, and humanitarian efforts. 

    He commended the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) for its continued engagement in Nigeria’s development and stressed the need for deeper collaboration, particularly in healthcare financing and workforce retention.  

    Noting that one of the key concerns raised was the decline in international aid for health programs, Salako pointed out that aid freezes by countries such as the US, UK, France, Germany, and the Netherlands present a challenge to achieving universal health coverage. 

    “This is a wake-up call for African nations to take greater ownership of their healthcare systems by mobilizing domestic resources and ensuring efficient utilization,” he said. 

    While advocating for a phased approach to reducing aid dependence, he urged donor countries to reconsider cuts that impact low-income populations.  

    Salako praised Nigerian healthcare professionals in the UK for their role in promoting partnerships, skills transfer, and resource mobilization. 

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    He cited the Strengthening Collaboration and Advancing Clinical Excellence (SCALE) program, led by the Medical Association of Nigerians Across Great Britain (MANSAG), as an example of effective collaboration between the UK and Nigerian medical institutions.  

    He also commended the efforts of the Global Health Partnership and the UK Department of Health and Social Care for their contributions to Nigeria’s health system, including capacity building, skills exchange, and antimicrobial stewardship. 

    He, however, reaffirmed Nigeria’s commitment to mobilizing domestic resources to sustain these initiatives while underscoring the necessity of global cooperation in health

    “Our world today cannot operate within borders when it comes to healthcare. 

    “We must continue to collaborate and build mutually rewarding partnerships to protect humanity from public health threats and future pandemics while ensuring a resilient global health system for economic stability and the well-being of all,” he said.

  • Pepsodent targets 3 million pupils in nationwide oral health campaign

    Pepsodent targets 3 million pupils in nationwide oral health campaign

    In its bid to boost the nation’s oral health, Pepsodent, a leading global toothpaste brand, has launched a comprehensive dental health campaign aimed at reaching 3 million Nigerians this year. In partnership with the Nigeria Dental Association (NDA), the campaign,  with the theme: “Talk to A Dentist,” seeks to raise awareness about oral health and encourage Nigerians, especially children, to adopt good oral hygiene practices.

    Mary Akindola, Brand Manager for Pepsodent, revealed the brand’s ambitious goal during a press conference held to kick off the campaign. The 2025 campaign marks a significant increase from last year’s outreach, with Pepsodent planning to engage more individuals and families in an effort to improve the oral health of the nation. Akindola emphasised the importance of instilling healthy oral hygiene habits in children, noting that daily brushing for at least two minutes—morning and night—was a key component of the campaign. “We aim to drive a fundamental behavioural change across the country by making brushing twice daily a universal habit. Good oral health is a fundamental human right, one that should be accessible to everyone, regardless of their socioeconomic status or location,” she stated.

    According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), nearly half of the world’s population suffers from some form of oral health condition, with tooth decay being the most common. It is estimated that two billion adults are living with cavities, yet many people do not seek treatment until their conditions have worsened. A major component of Pepsodent’s 2025 oral health campaign is the expansion of its Schools Programme, which aims to reach 2.7 million pupils, increasing its overall reach to 11.8 million children by the end of 2025. Since its inception, the Pepsodent Schools Programme has already reached 9.1 million pupils in Nigeria, and with continued efforts, it aims to provide even more children with the tools and knowledge needed for lifelong oral health.

    Besides the school initiative, Pepsodent is organising dental camp activations across 20 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). These activations are designed to provide oral hygiene education, dental screenings, and treatment to communities. The brand plans to conduct dental camps in key regions across the country, including five locations in the South-West, eight in the East, and seven in the North. Some of the states included in the programme are Lagos, Ogun, Oyo (Ibadan), Osun, Ondo, Edo, Delta, Enugu, Rivers, Akwa Ibom, Abia, Anambra, Cross River, Kano, Katsina, Kaduna, Borno, Plateau, Nasarawa, and Niger. Akindola also shared that the dental camps will benefit approximately 300,000 Nigerians, and an additional 30,000 pupils will receive oral health education and screenings across 50 schools located in Lagos, Ibadan, Port Harcourt, Enugu, and Abuja.

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    Dr. Elias Emedom, NDA President, spoke on the significant connection between oral health and mental well-being, noting that poor oral health can negatively affect an individual’s quality of life. “Oral diseases are often untreated due to limited access to dental care, lack of awareness, and poor oral health practices, all of which increase the burden of oral diseases,” Dr. Emedom explained. He added that the theme for this year’s World Oral Health Day, “A Healthy Mouth is a Happy Mind”, emphasis            es the impact oral health has on mental and emotional well-being.

    Dr. Gloria Uzoigwe, Director and Head of the Dentistry Division at the Federal Ministry of Health, acknowledged the government’s ongoing efforts to improve oral health policy and integrate oral health services into primary healthcare systems.

  • Fighting vaccine-preventable diseases with routine immunisation

    Fighting vaccine-preventable diseases with routine immunisation

    In the battle against infectious diseases, vaccines are among the most powerful weapons. They have the potential to save millions of lives and prevent the spread of deadly illnesses. However, in Nigeria, the country is grappling with a range of vaccine-preventable diseases, from diphtheria to meningitis, which are taking a deadly toll on the population. The country’s inability to control these outbreaks highlights the urgent need for stronger routine immunisation systems, more robust health policies, and a concerted effort from both the government and the public to ensure widespread vaccination coverage.

    Nigeria’s struggle with vaccine-preventable diseases is not a new phenomenon. For decades, infectious diseases such as measles, polio, and tuberculosis have ravaged communities, leaving behind a trail of devastation. However, two diseases that have emerged as significant public health concerns in recent years are diphtheria and meningitis. Both diseases have caused substantial loss of life, with recent outbreaks underscoring the fragility of Nigeria’s immunisation infrastructure.

    In the case of diphtheria, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) reports that as of early 2025, there have been 1,319 deaths related to the ongoing outbreak. Diphtheria, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the throat and nose, producing a toxin that can lead to severe complications such as heart failure, nerve damage, and breathing difficulties. Despite the availability of a highly effective vaccine, over 42,000 suspected cases have been reported across 37 states, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 5.1 percent. This is particularly concerning when the CFR rises in certain states such as Plateau (48 percent), Lagos (83 percent), and Adamawa (80 percent), underscoring the inadequate responses to the disease and the gaps in vaccination coverage.

    One of the critical issues contributing to the spread of diphtheria in Nigeria is low vaccination coverage. According to the NCDC, only 19.3 per cent of confirmed diphtheria cases were fully vaccinated with a diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine. This statistic points to a deep-rooted problem in the country’s routine immunisation system, particularly in the northern regions where immunisation rates are particularly low. Dr. Solomon Chollom, a medical virologist, stressed the urgency of closing these immunisation gaps, stating that “the numbers indicate a critical gap in routine immunisation coverage, particularly in northern Nigeria.”

    While the diphtheria outbreak is alarming, meningitis is another major concern. In northern Nigeria, where cerebrospinal meningitis is endemic, the disease has claimed the lives of hundreds, with recent outbreaks fuelling widespread panic. The introduction of a new five-in-one vaccine for meningitis in April 2024 was hailed as a significant breakthrough. This vaccine targets five strains of the bacteria responsible for the disease, which has ravaged communities, particularly in the northwest. However, despite the rollout of this vaccine, recent reports of meningitis outbreaks have raised serious questions about its effectiveness and the adequacy of its distribution. Professor Ekanem Nsikak Ekure, the President of the Paediatric Association of Nigeria (PAN), expressed concerns over the vaccine rollout, stating, “We must ask whether the new meningitis vaccine is being effectively distributed, particularly in regions where the disease is most prevalent.”

    The emergence of diphtheria and meningitis outbreaks highlights the critical role that routine immunisation plays in disease prevention. Routine immunisation involves the regular administration of vaccines to children at specific ages to protect them from infectious diseases. Vaccines such as those for diphtheria, polio, and meningitis have been shown to be highly effective in preventing these diseases. Yet, despite the availability of vaccines, Nigeria continues to face challenges in achieving widespread immunisation coverage.

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    Dr. Chollom has pointed out that Nigeria’s immunisation programme faces significant challenges. “In 2024, all cases [of diphtheria] were confirmed based on clinical symptoms rather than laboratory testing, indicating shortages of reagents and PCR capacity for diphtheria diagnosis. This raises concerns about the actual burden of the disease,” he noted. The lack of laboratory capacity and delayed case confirmations contribute to the underreporting of the disease, meaning that the true extent of the diphtheria outbreak may be even worse than reported. This problem is compounded by insufficient resources for disease surveillance, which makes it difficult to track the spread of these diseases accurately.

    Prof Ekure, PAN president, has called for increased vigilance and reform in the country’s immunisation efforts, particularly in schools where outbreaks of diseases like diphtheria can spread quickly. “These outbreaks are troubling and they highlight significant gaps in our immunisation efforts,” she said. “While we celebrate the success of the HPV vaccine rollout, these outbreaks remind us that we must do more to ensure our children are fully protected from preventable diseases.”

    One of the key factors hindering Nigeria’s immunisation efforts is vaccine hesitancy, especially in rural areas where misinformation and myths about vaccines are widespread. Despite clear evidence that vaccines are safe and effective, many parents remain reluctant to vaccinate their children, often due to a lack of trust in the health system or misinformation circulating in communities. This vaccine hesitancy is a barrier to achieving high immunisation coverage, leaving large portions of the population vulnerable to outbreaks. PAN has called for stronger public education campaigns to address vaccine hesitancy, emphasising the importance of ensuring that every child is vaccinated on schedule. “Parents must not only ensure that their children receive the required vaccinations, but also catch up on missed doses as soon as possible,” Prof Ekure stressed. This call to action is critical in a country where misinformation can quickly spread and fuel reluctance towards immunisation.

    To combat vaccine-preventable diseases effectively, Nigeria must invest in strengthening its immunisation infrastructure. This includes increasing access to vaccines in remote and underserved areas, improving the quality of immunisation services, and addressing gaps in disease surveillance and diagnostic capabilities. Dr. Chollom emphasised the need for better testing capacity to confirm cases quickly and accurately, as delayed diagnoses contribute to high fatality rates. “Without widespread testing, we could be underreporting or misdiagnosing cases,” he said.

    Moreover, Nigeria must address the lack of booster doses in the current immunisation schedule. While primary vaccination is provided in the first 14 weeks of life, there are no booster doses at critical stages, such as 12-23 months, 4-7 years, and 9-15 years, which are recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO). These booster doses are essential for maintaining long-term immunity against diseases like diphtheria and meningitis. PAN has called for the inclusion of these booster doses in Nigeria’s national immunisation programme, arguing that “episodic outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases are a reflection of a failing immunisation programme.”

    The recent outbreaks of diphtheria and meningitis serve as a stark reminder that the fight against vaccine-preventable diseases is far from over. The government must collaborate with healthcare professionals, international organisations, and communities to ensure that vaccines reach every child in the country. Public-private partnerships, community engagement, and stronger surveillance systems will be key to achieving this goal. The success of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine rollout across Nigeria shows that mass immunisation campaigns can be effective. However, there is still much work to be done to ensure that other vaccine-preventable diseases are kept at bay. PAN’s calls for stronger immunisation policies, better disease preparedness and greater investment in vaccines are vital steps toward achieving long-term success in the fight against infectious diseases.

  • Ramadan, lent: detox, energy, other questions (2)

    Ramadan, lent: detox, energy, other questions (2)

    We do not have to be de-energised, inactive or look livid simply because we are fasting, if we can  partner with Mother Nature in the nurture of our bodies. Partnering with Mother Nature brings many models. The ones I describe here are either the ones I discovered or are those other persons told me. I hope  they would help persons who wish to always keep their bodies alive when they fast.

     In the 1970s, I was privileged to read  in a small book of the efforts of a wise one to set up a company which would produce whole grain flour foods from whole grains in which the life forces are well preserved. My response to the information so far are  two sets of flour foods which I obtain quarterly from Mrs. Folake Sanusi of Oshogbo. The first is composite corn pap flour from the whole grains of white corn, yellow corn, millet and sorghum.They are picked, washed, oven  roasted and ground to powder. The second is cassava flour to which the composite  flour of white corn, yellow corn, milliet and sorghum is added. I eat the corn pap as pap and the cassava and corn flour or lafun as “swallow”. Either is so fillling that I hardly need a second large meal in 24 hours. There had been times I ate the lafun  for dinner by seven or eight and my next serious meal was 24 hours later.  The pap is also that filling. If I like, I may have a breakfast of banana or pawpaw when I have either  corn pap for dinner. Sometimes, rice and beans or beans and potato may breaks the monotony. I should add that this diet has room for rich bowls of vegetable soup, raw leaves and power houses of nutritional supplements.

    Abasiama Ekong, a friend of Udeme James who runs the pantry and kitchen, often wonders how a human  can relishly  consume a bowl of raw leaves like a goat. I remind her of  High School biology. Human bodies, not the humans themselves, are  rightly reported to have descended from the most developed or matured animals of those days, a fact which makes every human body describable as a higher animal. It is a pity that Charles Darwin in  his theory of evolution could not at that time differentiate man from his body. We, to whom this knowledge has been given in the extension of spiritual knowledge for earthlings at this time, owe it a duty to the generation of Darwin to save them from their ignorance and misinformation. I believe I have cleared the way out of the thicket for Miss Ekong. Now, she brings JIGSIMUR to the table for everyone! She has never witnessed anything that bitter, not even unwashed bitter leaf! My bowl of raw leaves comprises at least two leaves of the fellowing (a) unwashed bitter leaf (b) vervain (c) lettuce (d) one stalk of oregano (e) Chanca piedra (f) nettle or strands of pawpaw leaf or renren (Yoruba name for pepper elder or shiny bush). They are rich in fiber, vitamins, minerals, anti-oxidants, phenolic compounds, enzymes e.t.c. Eating them with morsel of food that are  thoroughly chewed provide nutrients that may be lost through cooking, they not only aid digestion but, also, offer  immune support. The intestine is such a toxic part of the body that many authorities say about  75 per cent of immune system energy and attention are devoted to it. These leaves are anti-bacterials, anti-viral, anti-fungal and anti-parasite, apart from being nutritive. It is a possible that  inadequate attention we give the intestine is responsible for many cases nowdays of bleeding ulcers and cancer in the colon. An unprotected colon may, also, develop Leaky Gut Syndrome when germs  successfully nibble its tissue. When the colon leaks on the prostrate gland, for example, could this be  the cause of the infection, inflamation and enlargement  of this organ, even if a cancerous attack is a more complex event?

    Read Also: NACA allays fears over HIV drugs supplies

     My  model of nutrition is not  done with raw  leaves or eating  at  table like a goat.  Udeme, too, has  become a master of it. Power foods are in the  league as well. This is one reason I no longer fidget when I am  told  I am having white  rice, because I know what is coming is green, enriched rice, dangerous parboiled foreign rice or healthier Nigerian. Spirulina may accompany the rice, pap or soup. It is  a blue-green algae with  all 18 amino acids, essential amino acids inclusive of chlorophyll and Beta carotene, not to mention vitamins and minerals, cofactors e.t.c.  The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA) of the United States declared it Power  Food of the 21st Century long ago, and the  World Health Organisation ( WHO) recommended it for children. African inhabitants of the Lake Chad  region deserve gratitude from  humanity for this  plant which Europeans visitors discovered to be  the source of their protein. Through oral  tradition, they inform  us that  visitors from  space revealed Spirulina to their  progenitors.On many wooden doors in their  land are  engravings of what look like  space ship an a ringed planet.

    Any-one searching for an energy formula at this  time or at any other should keep Pine Pollen or Been Pollen or Royal Jelly or Lecithin at table.When Hassan Oyekan,who has been fasting since  he was 10, that  is  for more than 25 years now, telephones me and speaks of Pine Pollen, he is hilarious because of what he says it does to him.That is  a prized secret between us. Bee pollen is no less an energy agent. Royal Jelly is an exclusive foods of the bee queen which  lays  millions of eggs in her  life time. Lecithingives  the brain choline and inositol to fire the neurons  for nerve energy through out the body. In my view, the hardest nut  of a Ramandan fast  is abstinence from  water  in the  sunlight  hours. The body is between 70 and 75 per cent  water.  surprisingly, I often do not  remember I have  not taken water in  these hours. Refrigerant foods  and herbs, of which I may  speak, account for  this.

    Detoxification

    When we fast, energy for digestion  is spent on detoxification, to expand work in the removal of waste and Poison. Therefore, the  approximately 100 trillion cells in the body off load their waste and toxins into the bloodstream.The blood transports the wastes and toxins to the  eliminative organs…the lungs, the liver, bowels, the kidneys and the skin.  In about four different steps, the liver first breaks down these watste and toxins into less toxic substances before they are  exported to the other organs and, then, out of the body by the others. This processes require water for hydration and transportation.When we wish to wash an empty soup pot, sometimes with some  burns in it,do we not first  soak it with water before we lather the water with soap and then wire brush it with an abrasive sponge? However, the Ramadan does not permit the drinking of water or other fluids from sunrise to sunset. Unfortunately,many faithfuls over load their bodies with food after the sunlight hours, thereby over working them  than before the Ramadan.

     In the Circadian rhythm of the body, the fellowing work schedules have been observed by many cultures,scientists and doctors.

    1. 4a.m to 12 noon… Detoxification. That is why we go to wee and to pooh when we rise from bed in the mornings

    2. 12 noon to 8p.m…Digestion. This is when Nature expects that we  trouble the body much with food. It is probably why Euro-American breakfast is light, comprising about four slices of bread, some butter, one egg and one or two cups of tea or coffee, even in the cold seasons, and why those fellows eat ravenously in the afternoon, when the sun is  high, energising plants, animals and man and the earth. I am yet to see native chickens or goats which do not fellow this rythm and do not return to from their forage to sleep in the homes of their owners from about 6.pm, when humans  begin to load their bodies with all sorts of food, some  light, others heavy.

    3. 8.P.m to 4a.m…This is the time Nature allots to absorption of nutrients from food  into the blood stream.Thus, we disturb the rythm of Nature when we eat when we should be digesting, eliminating wastes and toxins or absorbing nutritients from digested food. One process will subduce the order or both will be partially done, creating backlogs of work which would eventually cause biochemical and physiological stresses uneasiness,disease and illnesses.This scenario will cause cloggings and Heavy Blood. When there is too much solute (food) in the system and too little solvent (water), a number of things, including”thickened” blood, may happen. Reduced blood water volume may cause reduction of the blood vessels lumen.This is the space the blood volume occupy in the vessels to prevent air infiltration. It is like a vacuum- sealed environment.  If water level in the cells and around the cells drops,  the blood water volume may yield  some water to them to prevent cellular break-downs.Almost simultaneously, the blood vessels lumen, internal space of the blood vessels, will reduce, to prevent the space vacated by water from being taken up by air and leading to the possibility of  AIR LOCKS. An air  lock is when air separates or create air space in the bloodstream. This may be dangerous to life.

    Meanwhile, the thick blood is osmotically stronger than its environment. Remember Osmosis in high school biology? It enables the stronger environment to withdraw water from a weaker one through a semi permeable membrane.Thus, when the thick blood arrive in the brain or any organs, it sucks up its water to make itself less thick so it can easily flow. That is why we experience headache(s) when thick blood enters the brain. The solution may be to drink a few glasses of warm water intermittently. Unfortunately,many persons resort to pain killer instead of addressing the root cause of this problem.Pain in the organs may have arisen, also, from thick blood. In the kidney,urine colour gets more yellowish or darker, and we may experience kidney pain as back pain.

    Thus, when we fast, we should not overload the body  with food in the times of the day we are permitted to eat.Eat the right foods especially those less bulky most energising and support our  nutrition with detoxify herbs.

    Some useful herbs. We need refrigerant herbs and  foods which flood the body with metabolic water. We should remember, also, that if we drink all the water in the world, our kidneys will run it out  unless there is enough sodium to hold it. I don’t suggest sodium chloride or table salt. This is refined sodium and can be dangerous, especially to be hypertensive. My gift for Mecca pilgrims  is sea salt. It has about 40 or more biochemic substances which function synergically with Sodium to make it safe.  I give sea salt to Mecca pilgrims because the weather is hot. Many of them return to thank me and to give me present for my thoughtfulness. They  add only one pinch  of sea salt to their water two or three times a day, depending  on the  stress levels. Right now in Nigeria, the weather is very hot. I never used  to sweat in the armpits and in the groins, but now I do.  Sea Salt in my meals replaces sodium and energises me. Some aged persons die in a time such as this from heat stroke because, as in a car radiator with low water volume and burning gaskets and knocking  engines, their blood water volume, like the cellular water  and interstititial fluid (space around the cells which hold  sodium are drying up!

    Nigeria is blessed with many herbs and proprietary plant medicines.  Stingy nettle is one of the best herbs for cleansing the blood. Stingy nettle is better, but rare to find in just about any place. The proprietary brand is often available, however. Jobelyn is good for recomposing the blood. In several control studies, it has  shown ability to almost normalise within 24 hours depleted blood hematocrit.Upcoming is South African liquid drink named Jigsimur. It is backed with the medicinal values of Lime Juice.  In several experiment, many germs have revealed their inability to survive in lime juice. In 1747, Dr  James Lind ended the era of scurvy in England when he gave sailors Lime in their drink. Many often returned from voyages abroad with most, if not all of their teeth gone, because they had cross deficiencies of vitamin C.  What lime juice contribute to Jigsimur is Citric Acid of friendly bacteria in the intestine which controls the population of unfriendly bacteria  and, rather than friendly bacteria ( PROBIOTICS), is what producers of today’s yogurt now add directly to their fermented milk products.

    In this season, as in any other, we may also count on proprietaries as Amazon Blood Support and Rejuvenating Drink which  stimulate production of more stem cells from the bone marrows. This neutral cells migrate around the body and donate themselves to communities of specialised cells such as the liver, retina, gums, kidneys e.t.c,  where they are damaged, dead or dying cells to be replaced.We may also count on the following to improve the vigour of the blood.

    Personally, I assumed the liver needs protection most during detoxification. All the poison released from the cells  during a fast will be  sent to the liver to break down into less harmful substances. I always liken the liver  to a fireman who must be attired in low or non-combustible uniform during fire fighting.

    Milkthistle…is one of the most well-known hepa- protectives.In controlled studies, animal fed carbon tetra chloride, terrible poison,died in- masses. Mortality was mild in another group fed with milk thistle along with these poison. Other animals on Milk thistle food supplement before they were given the poison did not die.

    Carqueja …cleans the liver out. Golden Seal Root, taken one week on and one week off,kills germs.

    Amazon A-V kills viruses in particular while Amazon A-F destroys bacteria and fungi. Dandelion struts between the kidneys and the liver. Jerusalem Artichoke works wonders. We should remember pawpaw leaf, chanca piedra, bitter kola, bitter leaf, oregano leaf e.t.c. I do not leave the brain and the eyes out of my therapy at this time. They are bombarded by toxins and wastes during  detoxification.

    Chlorella… helps the detoxifying heavy metals in the brain which may make some person brain sick or present depression like symptoms. Unfortunately, psychiatrists merely suppress these symptoms with drugs often taken throughout life because they either know little or nothing about heavy metals in the brain or chose to not believe in it for the safe of their drugs prescription. Thus, many seemingly incurable brain diseases have been eased or cured, using herb and diet.An example I will never forget is a well-known Nigerian” Brain Dead” woman. She was taken abroad to her daughter and son-in-law,both doctors. Reconfirmed brain dead, she was send back home to live a vegetables life.Local Therapists took over. This presumed  Brain Dead woman recovered and went on to study for and earn a Ph.D. degree!.

    Still on the brain

    Gotu Kola…drives blood into  the two hemispheres of the brain. I knew of its value and that  of Ginkgobiloba during several years of 11am to 1am work schedules in the Editor’s chair of The Guardian and The Comet newspapers.

    Wonderful Kola

    Compliment them, energising the entire body. Detoxification often comes with Die- off- Effect. An illness being treated suddenly gets worse with Inflamation, pain e.t.c.

    Curcumin… quietens it. It maybe obtained from natural temeric (that yellowish portion) or from very powerful proprietary brands named curcumin 2000X because  the curcumin has been complexed  with natural anti-inflammatory to make it 2,000 times more powerful than natural curcumin. I cannot forget  OMEGA-3 Fish Oil and Magnesium Thronate which has been reported to revive many brains in dementia or ravaged by depression.Ditto Coconut Oil which offered ketones to brain  cells suffering from Diabetes of the brain..

    Other Questions

    This have to do with conceptions and misconceptions of fasting. The general conception is that, by agreeing to fast during a religious fast, all by condescending, all of one sin would be automatically erased and one’s name would be engraved in The Book of Life. Personally,I belive it is the change the fast brings about in the spirit which makes the difference. We must personally atone for all sins. When we become new within,that is when we become  born-again, the returning karma would find a different and pure soul. It would  then bounce back beacuse it has no homogeneous soul to attach to for an impact. It may  even be disintegrated before it reaches us if our vibration have become powerful and opposite enough to shatter it. An example I mentioned in the first article of this series was the fast of King David to save the life of his first  son by Bathsheba, the woman he seduced from her husband and had put to death in a war to cover his tracks.The boy died irrespective of David’s fast, covering his body with ash and wearing rags.