Following confirmation of the second case of Coronavirus (Covid-19) in Nigeria, WaterAid, an international non-governmental organisation (NGO) with bias for water, is re-echoing the importance of handwashing with soap to prevent the spread of the virus and other diseases. Handwashing with soap and water can reduce the risk of people contracting infectious diseases like Coronavirus, a pandemic of international concern. OKWY IROEGBU- CHIKEZIE reports that many homes do not have handwashing facilities.
National statistics put the population of those who lack access to handwashing facilities with soap and water at about 150 million. Sadly, only five per cent of health facilities in the country has combined basic water, sanitation and hygiene services; with just 13 per cent of schools having basic water and sanitation services, the statistics said.
Against this backdrop, large segments of the population, such as healthcare workers, babies, children, and public workers are at risk of contracting killer diseases, such as Coronavirus.
Recognised as the single most cost-effective do-it-yourself vaccine, handwashing with soap and water can reduce disease spread by nearly half. The World Health Organisation (WHO) 2019 public advisory recommends regular and thorough washing of hands with soap and water to protect oneself and others.
On critical times for handwashing with soap, the advisory listed after toilet use, before preparing food, eating, and feeding someone, including breastfeeding.
Others are after handling money, touching animals, being out in public or sneezing and coughing. It noted that it is important for everyone to wash their hands at critical times to sustain good hygiene behaviours.
Country Director, WaterAid Nigeria, Evelyn Mere, said: “We cannot over emphasise the crucial role handwashing with soap plays in preventing the spread of diseases and protecting oneself. Hands are carriers of germs and we often use them to touch a number of unclean surfaces and then back to touch our food, mouth, eyes, nose or body. Handwashing with soap and water can save lives and we can only achieve this by changing our behaviours and making handwashing facilities available in homes, schools, healthcare facilities and public places and ensuring we use these facilities to wash our hands with soap and water at all critical times.”
Chief Executive, WaterAid United Kingdom (UK), Tim Wainwright, said: “Frequent handwashing with soap and water is one of the key components of controlling the spread of infectious diseases, including Covid-19. However, one in six healthcare facilities globally do not have soap and water available for doctors, nurses and patients to wash their hands, which can make disease prevention and delivering safe, quality care much more challenging.
‘’In addition, about two in five people in Sub-Saharan African also have nowhere to wash their hands with soap and water in their homes.”
Furthermore, he stressed that handwashing is one of the simplest and most effective disease prevention methods available, adding that it has been shown to reduce respiratory diseases by 20 per cent and diarrhoea by 30 per cent and can help healthcare centres be better placed to support a response to an outbreak.
According to him, if everyone, everywhere had a place to wash their hands with soap and water as often as needed, it would go a long way towards helping to contain and prevent the spread of many diseases.
Lagos State Commissioner for Environment & Water Resources, Tunji Bello, at a briefing on “Year 2020 Seasonal Rainfall Predictions and Prevention of Flooding in Lagos,” said some major markets in Lagos risk being shut because of unhealthy practices.
He said if the state must curtail and contain the spread of Coronavirus, residents must maintain the highest level of hygiene at home and in their business places.
He regretted the state of some markets and hinted that the government would not fail to do the needful, if its warnings to the traders and their leaders to keep their environment fell on deaf ears.
He listed the affected markets to include Ladipo, Oshodi and Mushin, recalling that the government had shut some markets before for failing to keep to the environmental laws of the state.
Bello said he had resolved to invite the leaders of the markets and advise them on the need to collaborate with their Private Sector Participation (PSP) operators to cart away refuse as at when due.
He warned that failure to desist from clogging the drains and channels with carcasses of motor vehicles and electronic parts in Ladipo Market and other wastes from markets in Oshodi, Mushin and other markets would not go unpunished.
Bello said the relevant sections of the law would be invoked to mete out adequate punishment for offenders to keep the rest of the people safe from Coronavirus.
Bello said the Lagos State Waste Management Authority (LAWMA) has stepped up activities to clean drains and ensure the roads and drainages are free of wastes.
He noted that the peculiarity of Lagos as a coastal state and its strategic position as the economic hub of the nation made it necessary for the government to unveil the information on this year’s rainfall prediction.
He stressed that guided by core principles of providing a flood-free- and hygienic environment in the state, his ministry was set to provide all-year-round drainage maintenance for effective and efficient and liveable environment.
Earlier, the government also advised Lagosians to wash their hands regularly with soap and water for at least 30 seconds, if possible use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser, maintain at least two metres (5 feet) distance from anyone coughing or sneezing repeatedly.
The public was also advised to follow good respiratory hygiene.
Others are to alternatively, use bent elbow when coughing or sneezing when no tissue is available. The public was also advised not to mingle with people or congregate, but instead stay at home, if one is feeling unwell with symptoms like fever, cough, sneezing, or difficulty in breathing.
The Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) Director-General, Muda Yusuf, in a statement, said Coronavirus has affected the economy.
According to him, it poses a major threat to Nigeria’s macroeconomic fundamentals, the impact of which may be systemic and far reaching.
He said: “As at last week crude oil price has fallen to all time low of $45.27 per barrel, the lowest since 2017 as against the oil price budget benchmark for 2020 budget which stood at $57 per barrel. This sharp drop in revenue could cause significant dislocations in the 2020 budget and in the economy, especially for a country already grappling with challenges of weak revenue performance and a complete erosion of fiscal buffers. It is instructive that the Finance Minister is contemplating a review of the underlying assumptions of the 2020 budget, and rightly so”.
According to him, there is also the revenue effect of the Coronavirus, which is related to the drop in oil price. He added that the slump in oil price and the adverse expectations will put fresh pressures on the reserves, which stand at an all-time low of $36.2 billion as at 3rd March 2020.
On its implications, Yusuf said it has the capacity to weaken investor’s confidence, generation of speculative pressures on the currency; likely depreciation of the naira exchange rate; heightened inflationary pressures on the back of currency weakening. Others are likely increase production and operating costs for businesses and weakening of purchasing power with adverse implications for the welfare of the citizens.
He regretted that many events and conferences had been cancelled as a result of the Coronavirus scare. For most of these events, huge sums and resources have been committed to the organisation, planning and logistics. These translate into huge loses to the promoters of these events, he added.