Tag: expectant mothers

  • Succour for expectant mothers, others in Anambra

    The joy of residents of Okpoko in Ogbaru Local Government Area of Anambra State knew no bounds following the donation of some medical facilities by a lawmaker from the area, Hon. Chukwuka Onyema.

    Okpoko is a densely populated community that lacks basic health institution to cater for the needs of the citizenry.

    Onyema, member representing Ogbaru Federal Constituency at the National Assembly, had renovated some primary health Centre in the area, one of which he handed over to the Anglican church in the area, as well as a brand new ambulance.

    The locals, particularly the pregnant women and those suffering from one ailment or another, were full of appreciation to the benefactor for providing quality and affordable medicare to them.

    A resident, Mrs Maria Ozofor, who lamented difficulties encountered by pregnant women at night, asserted that the gesture would reduce their sufferings.

    Another local, an aged mother, Mrs Chetachukwu Unamba, expressed joy that the facility had brought quality medical service to their doorstep.

    “We really thank God for the gesture. It will go a long way in reducing our stress including the long distances we trek to access medicare,” she said.

    Speaking at the commissioning of the center, at St Luke’s Anglican Church, Okpoko, the Bishop of Ogbaru Diocese, Rt. Rev. Prosper Amah, expressed appreciation to the legislator for being proactive in the delivery of quality dividends of democracy to the people.

    He said the sitting of the facility in the church would ensure its maintenance and protection against vandalism.

    The cleric said pregnant women and other patients would no longer encounter difficulties accessing medicare in the community, promising to make available a mobile phone number in the event of emergencies.

    He charged the management of the centre to make effective utilization of the ambulance in offering medical services to the citizens.

    He however cautioned against its abuse, stressing that it should be strictly used for the purpose it was purchased.

    “The ambulance shall remain standby for responses to emergency health cases and there won’t be any payment for its use,” the bishop said.

    Earlier, the lawmaker, Onyema, disclosed that the gesture, carried out in collaboration with the National Primary Healthcare Development Agency, was targeted at attracting affordable medical health for the people of the community.

    “Okpoko is a rural area that comprises more of middle income and low income earners. We need a health centre where the sick would not be asked to pay any fee before they can be attended to,” he said.

    He also explained that the decision to hand over renovated and equpied health centres to the church, was to ensure they were managed effectively and efficiently.

    Onyema however regretted that most of the institutions given to local governments became moribund with time due to mismanagement.

    He said, “It was the immediate past governor of the State that initiated the practice of handing over schools and hospitals to churches and one can attest to the fact that these institutions have experienced a radical improvement.

    “I realized that when Mr Peter Obi partnered with the church in schools and hospitals, they picked up. So I decided to toe that line.

    “Normally, health centres are handed over to local governments and most times you find out that when those hospitals are handed over to the local government, the hospital facilities and vehicles end up being run down.”

    Expressing optimism of the churches’ ability to take care of the facilities without government’s supervision, the lawmaker maintained that the ambulance was purely for emergency cases within the community.

    On his part, the Chief Medical Director of the Primary Health Centre, Dr Ejikeme Okonkwo, hinted that the centre was in a deplorable state before the lawmaker’s intervention.

    He assured that the centre would provide 24 hours emergency services, including ultra sound scan machine, HIV clinic, maternal child healthcare, among others.

    “The people will now be happy as they will be coming to a cleaner, cheaper and better equipped healthcare centre,” he stated.

    Photo: the Bishop of Ogbaru Diocese, Rt. Rev. Prosper Amah, cutting the tape for the commissioning of the health centre in Okpoko.

     

  • Preventing malaria in expectant mothers

    the anti-malaria battle can be won, if governments demonstrate the will to tackle the disease, especially in expectant mothers, Omowunmi Alake and Vivian Ihechu, of News Agency of Nigeria (NAN), report.

    As the world marks the World Malaria Day (WMD) today, with its theme: “Ready to beat malaria’’, the high toll on expectant mothers and children  comes to mind.

    It is not in doubt that Nigeria has the greatest burden of the disease in Africa.

    The National Malaria Strategic Plan 2014-2020 notes that the disease accounts for 11 per cent of maternal deaths in pregnancy; can occur with or without symptoms, can cause anemia in the mother and can lead to miscarriage.

    A publication in the African Journal of Reproductive Health, says the Global Technical Strategy for Malaria (2016-2030) has called for a 40 per cent reduction in malaria cases by 2020.

    But only half of malaria endemic countries are currently on track to achieve this goal.

    Pregnant women and newborns living in malaria- endemic areas are, especially vulnerable. Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) continues to play a large role in global maternal deaths.

    In 2015, malaria was the third most common cause of death among women of reproductive age in Africa. During that year, MiP was estimated to have been responsible for more than 400,000 cases of maternal anemia and approximately 15 per cent of maternal deaths globally.

    Unfortunately, the women who are most vulnerable to malaria are often the least protected against it. MiP also poses a significant threat to newborns because it can cause spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, premature delivery, low birth weight and neonatal death.

    During pregnancy, malaria parasites can hide in the placenta and interfere with transfer of oxygen and nutrients to the baby.

    The 2018 World Malaria Day (WMD) poses yet another opportunity to weigh the effect of malaria and impact done to eradicate it.

    Experts say it is important to tackle malaria in pregnancy, to especially reduce Nigeria’s high maternal mortality rate.

    Dr. Olawale Oba, an Obstetrician and Gynaecologist in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, says that malaria is caused by transmission of the parasite plasmodium into the blood stream of humans.

    “The parasite is carried by Anopheles mosquito and transferred to the blood of humans when they are bitten by the mosquito.

    “The parasite stays in the liver of the human and undergoes some changes till an adult parasite is formed and capable of causing the infestation,’’ he said.

    On malaria in pregnancy, he said: “It is largely a maternal disease which could also affect the fetus when the level of parasitaemia becomes considerably high.

    “The fetus can be affected because when the parasites are found within the placenta tissue, it is capable of congenital fetal malaria infestation.’’

    The gynaecologist said that the burden of malaria in pregnancy was multi-faceted and contributed to about 15 per cent of the causes of maternal anaemia in pregnancy.

    “It contributes to about 14 per cent of low birth weight, 30 per cent of preventable low birth weight and 70 per cent of intrauterine growth restriction.

    “It also contributes to 36 per cent of premature delivery and eight per cent of infant mortality.

    “Its prevalence varies considerably in different location, with about 7.7 per cent prevalence in Lagos.

    “This depends on the level of education among such populace, the level of training of personnel in diagnosing the disease, and the rate of use of hospital facilities,’’ he said.

    Also, Prof. Olugbenga Mokuolu, a Pediatrician at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, said that malaria had grave consequences if not managed well.

    Mokuolu said: “The direct effect of malaria contributes significantly to perinatal disease burden in terms of pregnancy losses, prematurity due to preterm labour and prevalence of low birth weight babies.

    “The peculiarity of malaria in the new born is related to various dimensions, including malaria in pregnancy, Congenital Malaria and Neonatal Malaria.

    “This makes malaria a daily threat with half the world’s population still at risk and there are opportunities to save lives today by reducing transmission and eliminating the disease where possible.’’

    Mrs. Itohowo Uko, the Head of Advocacy, Communication and Social Mobilisation in National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP), said that Malaria in Pregnancy accounted for 11 per cent of maternal deaths, giving concerns for urgent measures to be made against it.

    According to her, the NMEP has a Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy (MIP) strategy.

    “This strategy advocates using Focused Antenatal Care (ANC), The Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPTp), regular and appropriate use of Long Lasting Insecticide Nets (LLINs) in addition to early diagnosis and prompt treatment in pregnant women,’’ she said.

    Dr. Tolu Arowolo of the World Health Organisation (WHO), said that early Antenatal Care (ANC) played important role in preventing and managing malaria during pregnancy.

    According to her, booking and administering of IPTp are critical in preventing malaria during pregnancy.

    “IPTp is based on the assumption that every pregnant woman living in an area of high malaria transmission has malaria in her blood stream or placenta, whether or not she has symptoms of malaria.

    “A pregnant woman is supposed to receive a minimum of three doses of Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP) before delivery.

    “IPTp is to be administered at regular intervals to prevent malaria during pregnancy and the medicine of choice in Nigeria is Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP).

    “Single dose of three tablets is given to pregnant women when they perceive movement of the baby and at monthly intervals, four weeks apart, up to delivery.

    “Women are expected to receive at least three or more doses during one pregnancy and the administration should be by Directly Observed Therapy (DOT).’’

    She said: “Every pregnant woman should attend four scheduled visits to ANC.

    “The first visit should be before 16 weeks, second visit by 16 weeks to less than 28 weeks, third visit from 28 to less than 32 weeks and the fourth visit from 32 to 40 weeks.

    “These personalised visits provide the opportunity for a pregnant woman to be in contact with trained health care providers who can make regular malaria prevention and treatment interventions available to them,’’ Mrs. Arowolo said.

    “Some of the benefits of sticking to this schedule is that it reduces the number of malaria parasites in pregnant women.

    “It provides significant protection against anaemia and maternal mortality, reduces risk of miscarriage, stillbirth and pre-term delivery.

    “It has no adverse effects on the safety of the pregnancy and so, it should be adhered to.

    “In addition, sleeping under LLINs and good nutrition are good interventions against malaria.’’

    According to her, good nutrition helps to nourish the mother and foetus, as well as boost the immune system.

    Dr. Bartholomew Odio, a gynaecologist, urged the people, especially pregnant women to always request for testing before the treatment of malaria fever.

    Odio, who is the malaria technical advisor with Jhpiego Nigeria, an affiliate organisation to John Hopkins University, United States (U.S.), advised them to always demand to know the drugs that were given to them.

    “When a pregnant woman has fever, she must go to the hospital to have a test done.

    “Malaria can be confirmed by a positive Rapid Diagnostic Test kits for Malaria (mRDT) or by Microscopy test done by an expert laboratory scientist.

    “Medicines to treat malaria must be in line with the National Treatment Guideline for Case Management at the nearest health facility,’’ Odio advised.

     

  • Group donates pregnancy kits to 30 expectant mothers

    Thirty expectant women last Wednesday went home smiling. They were beneficiaries of the goodwill of a non-governmental organisation Distinguished Ladies Initiatives (DLI), which in conjunction with Ifako-Ijaiye Local Government Area, gave pregnancy kits worth N10,000 each to them all.

    It was the first time such is taking place in the council, and it was targeted at indigent women who might not be able to afford purchasing the kit.

    To a beneficiary, who gave her name as Deborah, the kit was divine.

    “It came at the right time and had saved some serious financial headache,” she simply said, almost in tears.

    A week before, according to her, she had been given similar list at the hospital.

    “A week ago, I had gone for the ante natal as usual when I was given the pregnancy kits’ list, which I gave to my husband. I was given just one week to get them ready as I was almost due for delivery. You can’t imagine the depth of my happiness when the DLI which invited some of us here gave us the kits. I know my husband will be very happy, because I know what he has been going through lately. Things have not been easy.

    Deborah’s happiness wasn’t far-fetched. It was her first pregnancy.

    The event, took place inside the council’s event centre, on Bola Ahmed Tinubu Way, Iju.

    The council boss, Apostle Oloruntoba Oke, thanked the association for the gesture. He said it would go a long way in alleviating the burden on young expectant mothers especially young couples.

    Oke, who was represented by the Secretary to the local government, Mr Ayo Jeje, said the gesture was in line with his administration’s programme on improved health care provision for the people across the council area.

    The president of the organisation, Lady Paris Sanusi, enjoined women not to shy away from presenting themselves for health checks at all times and if they observe any strange things in their bodies, it should be promptly reported as early detection of any ailment is easy to cure.

    Highpoint of the programme include practical lectures on cancer detection awareness and exercises, the expectant mothers were made to undergo by the guest speakers, Mrs Obukome Ibru and the council’s Chief Medical Officer, Mrs. Fausat Sanni.

  • Expectant mothers get free treated nets in Anambra 

    Expectant mothers get free treated nets in Anambra 

    Expectant mothers in Isuofia community, Aguata Local Government Area of Anambra State, were in a joyous mood as they got treated mosquito nets to help them avoid malaria.

    The Victor Oguagu Foundation (VOF) provided the nets in collaboration with the state Ministry of Health.

    The event also featured a lecture by a pharmacist Kingsley Ojukwu on the prevention and management of age-related non-communicable diseases.

    Delivering his lecture, Ojukwu stressed the need for a healthy lifestyle as a way of keeping diseases at bay.

    He mentioned having enough rest, sufficient night sleep as some ways to maintain a healthy life.

    The nonprofit organisation is said to be committed to complementing government in accomplishing the sustainable development goals (SDGs), through its Stay Fine Initiative (SFI) tour to promote healthy living among beneficiaries.

    The medical outreach was held at the St Patrick’s catholic Parish Isuofia.

    Ojukwu also highlighted the importance of exercise including jogging, rope-skipping, brisk walk and joining sports clubs in addition to eating enough fruits, vegetables, whole grain foods and drinking lots of water.

    The insecticide-treated nets were distributed to the expectant mothers and the aged, who also got multivitamins from the foundation.

    Speaking at the event, the founder of Victor Oguagu Foundation, Victor Oguagu commended the commissioner for health in the state, Dr Joe Akabuike for the support of his ministry.

    He reiterated the foundation’s commitment to championing multifaceted projects towards national development.

    Oguagu said, “WHO regional director of Africa Dr. Matshoiso Moeti said that most communicable diseases related deaths are attributed to behavioral and Physiological risk factor” hence the need for the outreach”.

    He told The Nation that the programme focused on women, who according to him were the pivot of the society.

    For Mrs Judith Okafor, the programme was beneficial to the mothers and not only expectant mothers, while commending the state ministry of health for partnering the foundation.

  • Kwara bars three expectant mothers from hajj

    •Sokoto airlifts first batch of pilgrims 

    The Kwara State Muslim Pilgrims Welfare Board has disqualified three expectant mothers from participating in hajj, it was learnt yesterday.

    Executive Secretary of the Board Mohammed Tunde-Jimoh told reporters that the women were detected following the release of the comprehensive medical screening of intending pilgrims.

    “The medical screening is not punitive, but to safeguard their health and that of the babies. The affected persons have been notified of their disqualification,” he said.

    Tunde-Jimoh advised pilgrims to shun drug trafficking and other negative tendencies capable of tarnishing the country’s image.

    With the exclusion of the three women, 1,465 will perform this hajj from the state.

    The board has begun distributing bags, clothing materials and other essentials to intending pilgrims as part of preparation for Thursday’s inaugural flight.

    The first batch of pilgrims from Sokoto State were airlifted to Saudi Arabia yesterday, Director-General of the state Pilgrims Welfare Agency (PWA), Ibrahim Umar, has said.

    A statement by his media assistant, Farouk Umar, said arrangements have been perfected to ensure a successful hajj. He assured the pilgrims that decent accommodation and other logistics have been put in place in Makkah and Madinah for their comfort.

    He warned the pilgrims against carrying prohibited items, saying screening machines will detect such.

    According to him, anyone caught with drugs would be handed over to the appropriate authorities for prosecution.

  • ‘Malaria drugs vital to expectant mothers’

    Expectant mothers have been advised to register at any Primary Health Centre (PHC) close to them and get free sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) provided by the government to  be malaria free.

    The Head, Case Management Branch, National Malaria Elimination Programme, Dr Godwin Ntadom, gave the advice during an   event to assess the impact of malaria programmes in Nigeria held by the National Malaria Elimination Programme, Federal Ministry of Health.

    Ntadom, who represented Dr. Bala Mohammed Audu the National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) National Coordinator, said: “Malaria during pregnancy increases neonatal mortality by lowering birth weight, whereas fever in the week before birth has a further independent effect in addition to inducing premature birth. The prevention of malaria in pregnancy and, thus, of malaria-attributable low birth weight should increase the survival of young babies. A number of randomised controlled trials of preventive antimalarial measures during pregnancy have confirmed this causal effect by showing that preventing malaria increases birth weight.’’

    He urged expectant mothers to treat malaria with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and sleeping under Long Lasting Treated Insecticide Net (LLTIN).

    “Female anopheles is not a parasite because it does not bite humans to get its own meal. Both male and female mosquitoes feed on plant nectar, fruit juices and liquids that ooze from plants. Female anopheles bites humans to get blood meal to nourish its developing fertile eggs. The eggs need some iron requirement. And when an infected anopheles mosquito bites, it transmits malaria to its host.’’

    He said malaria infection during pregnancy is a problem with risks for the expectant woman, her fetus, and the newborn child. Malaria-associated maternal illness and low birth weight is the result of Plasmodium falciparum  infection.

    “The symptoms and complications of malaria in pregnancy vary according to malaria transmission intensity in the given geographical area, and the individual’s level of acquired immunity. In high-transmission settings, where levels of acquired immunity tend to be high, P. falciparum infection is usually asymptomatic in pregnancy.

    ‘’Yet, parasites may be present in the placenta and contribute to maternal anaemia even in the absence of documented peripheral parasitaemia. Both maternal anaemia and placental parasitaemia can lead to low birth weight, which is an important contributor to infant mortality. In high-transmission settings, the adverse effects of P. falciparum infection in pregnancy are most pronounced for women in their first pregnancy.”

    He said it was for this that the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended the following for either the prevention or treatment of malaria during pregnancy: the use of LLINs and  SP.

    Ntadom explained: “WHO recommends IPTp-SP in all areas with moderate to high malaria transmission in Africa. As of October 2012, WHO recommended that this preventive treatment be given to all pregnant women at each scheduled antenatal care visit starting as early as possible in the second trimester (i.e. not during the first trimester). WHO recommends a schedule of four antenatal care visits.

    “Based on available evidence, IPTp-SP remains effective in preventing the adverse consequences of malaria on maternal and fetal outcomes even in areas where quintuple mutations linked to SP resistance are prevalent in P. falciparum. Therefore, IPTp-SP should still be administered to pregnant women in such areas. IPTp reduces maternal malaria episodes, maternal and fetal anaemia, placental parasitaemia, low birth weight, and neonatal mortality. Furthermore, all pregnant women should receive iron and folic acid supplementation as a part of routine antenatal care.’’

     

  • Five expectant mothers arrested at Aba ‘baby factory’

    Five expectant mothers arrested at Aba ‘baby factory’

    • Gateman also held

    The Rivers State Polie command has busted a suspected baby factory syndicate in Isi-Alangwa, South Local Government Area of Abia State.

    It arrested five expectant mothers and the gateman to the building said to have been used as the baby factory.

    The suspects were paraded before reporters yesterday in Port Harcourt, the state capital.

    Their arrests followed the alleged abduction of a four-year-old boy, Friday Alioma, and an eight-month-old pregnant Happiness Samuel.

    The victims were allegedly abducted from their homes in Ogbogoro community of Obio/Akpor Local Government Area by four women and taken to the suspected baby factory.

    Happiness admitted that she and other women were in the factory to deliver and sell their babies to the operator of the centre, identified simply as Nma.

    The suspects, aged between 21 and 25 years, said Nma is a doctor running the centre as a baby-selling home.

    But the police have not arrested the suspected operator.

    The women blamed their actions on hardship and rejection by their families and parents.

    The police also arrested a 68-year-old man, John Ndukwe, said to be the gateman to the suspected baby factory.

    Ndukwe admitted that expectant women were admitted and kept in the centre until they were delivered of their babies.

    Corroborating the women’s story, the gateman said the women were discharged from the centre immediately they recovered from their child delivery pains and paid off, depending on the gender of their babies.

    But the suspects did not disclose how much was paid for each of the babies.

    Addressing reporters, five-month pregnant Joy Johnson, from Edo State, said she was expecting as much as N500,000 from the centre after being delivered of her child.

    Police spokesman Ahmad Muhammad, a Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP), who conducted the parade, condemned the act.

    He said the suspects would soon be charged to court while the operator of the factory would be trailed and arrested.

    On how the police busted the suspected baby factory, Muhammad said: “On April 27, (four-year-old) Friday Alioma was reported abducted at Ogbogoro community in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. The mother, Mrs. Jenny Alioma, reported the matter to the Anti-Kidnap Unit of the police command on May 16.

    “Same day, another person, Friday Samuel, also from the same community, reported that his eight-month pregnant wife, Happiness Samuel, had been abducted and taken to Aba in Abia State.

    “Our discrete investigation linked Nkechi Oguama, from Ugiri in Isiala Mbano Local Government Area of Imo State, in connivance with Ngozi Ogbonna, from Ogbaugwu community in Owerri West and Blessing Izemieze, from Uguta, in Uguta Local Government Area, both in Imo State, as well as Favour Ogbonna, from Abia State, to the alleged kidnap of Friday and Happiness. They have been arrested.

    “On interrogation, the four suspects denied any involvement in the kidnap of Friday but admitted masterminding the movement of Happiness to one woman, identified simply as Nma, the suspected director of a rehabilitation home in Abia State, called Charity and Rehabilitation Centre, at Umuikpe in Isi-Alangwa South Local Government Area.

    “One of the suspects, Ngozi Ogbonna, last Saturday, led a team of policemen from the AKU in Rivers State to the rehabilitation centre where they saw and arrested five expectant mothers, aged between 21 and 25 years.

    “They gave their names as: Ijeoma Ofor, Chiamaka Ikeze, Peace Sunday Mathew, Chinyere Monday and Joy Johnson.

    “Their pregnancies are in various stages. All the women admitted that they were at the centre to be delivered of babies and sell them to the owner of the centre who keeps and takes care of them.

    “We are yet to arrest her, but we are trailing her. We will ensure she is arrested within the shortest possible time.”

     

  • Health Week targets 60,000 expectant mothers

    The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Primary Health Care Development Board (PHCDB) has said that this year’s Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Week, is targeting over 60,000 expectant mothers in the FCT.

    The Executive Secretary of the Board, Dr. Rilwan Mohammed who made this known at the flag-off of the FCT Health Week, said that they will integrate HIV, by making sure that “we carry out HIV screening during the programme”.

    According to him, the Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Week was conceived to deliver a package of key maternal, neonatal and child survival interventions that have been proven to reduce maternal, neonatal and child mortality as contained in MDGs 4 and 5.

    He said that Nigeria’s estimated maternal mortality rate of 545/1000 in 2008 has increased to 576/1000 in 2013 (NDHS, 2008; NDHS, 2013), that the under five mortality rate in Northcentral zone where the FCT is located is 100 deaths per 1000 live birth (DHS, 2013).

    “Approximately one million under five children die annually. Malnutrition prevalence amongst fewer than five children in the FCT like most Nigerian states is alarming. Stunting 29.6 per cent, wasting 18.8 per cent and underweight 16.0per cent. micronutrent malnutrition is also prevalent.

    “These rates are still unacceptably high. Although, considerable achievements have been recorded in certain areas, Vatimin A above 80 per cent in 2014, we still need to do more. The Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Week is a special week set aside by the federal government two times every year to deliver key interventions at the grassroots with focused awareness and service delivery on maternal, newborn and child health care.

    “This MNCH week will provide health facilities based activities like Routine Immunisation against vaccine preventable diseases for children 0-11months, growth monitoring, promotion and food demonstration, Vitamin A supplementation for children 6-59months, birth registration, family planning services, hand washing demonstration, oral rehydration salts, long lasting insecticide nets to eligible mothers, focus ante natal care for pregnant women with iron folate and anitimalarial administration,” he said.

    Mohammed, while urging eligible woman, new born or child not to miss any of the package of care, reiterated the urgency and need for everyone to embrace the programme, saying that he relies on everyone to take the role of MNCHW ambassador to encourage and mobilise women, caregivers and children to health facilities.

  • ‘Why expectant mothers, children are anaemic’

    ‘Why expectant mothers, children are anaemic’

    Expectant mothers, teenage girls and children have been advised to take food  rich in vitamins and minerals, especially iron, to prevent anaemia.

    A don Dr Folake Samuel, said such meals were necessary because those people are vulnerable to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA).

    Dr Samuel of the University of Ibadan Human Nutrition Department spoke on the prevalence and impact of iron deficiency anaemia in women and teenagers during the launch of Follow in my green food steps by Unilever Nigeria, in partnership with  Nutrition Society of Nigeria (NSN).

    She said the amount of iron needed by expectant mothers  is tripled compared to men.

    Why? She said extra iron is required for increasing haemoglobin mass and blood volume of mother and foetal growth.

    Besides, it is challenging to meet these high iron requirements through diet alone.

    “During adolescence, hormonal, cognitive and physiological changes lead to increased growth, which creates a greater demand for nutrients,” she said.

    Dr Samuel called for behavioural changes, adding that few households consume iron-rich foods, such as meat, eggs and green vegetables  daily.

    She underscored the need for fortified food to make up for inadequate iron micronutrient, adding that one in two women of reproductive age  has anaemia, with half of the cases  caused by iron deficiency.

    Anaemia, Dr Samuel said, could be caused by infectious and inflammatory diseases, blood loss from parasitic infections and other nutrition deficiencies, such as vitamin A, folate and B12.

    “IDA is the most common malnutrition in Nigeria. Two billion people across the world suffer from micronutrient deficiencies,” she said.

    The nutritionist said Central and West Africa have the highest rate of anaemia in the world, describing iron as an essential element, which does metabolic processes, such as oxygen transport, neural development and overall cell function, among others.

    The lack of it, he said, occurred when iron requirement cannot be met by iron from food in people’s diet, adding that fatigue, weakness, dizziness and drowsiness are severe anaemia symptoms.

    NSN President, Prof Ngozi Nnam, said vitamin and mineral deficiencies were among the largest public health challenges in the country.

    She said: “Our health system is already overburdened, so we need to educate people on how they can help prevent deficiencies through healthy diets.’’