Tag: practice

  • Buhari urged to address monopolistic practice in pay TV

    Buhari urged to address monopolistic practice in pay TV

    The Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of African Cable Television (ACTV), Mr. Godfrey Orkeh has condemned existing structure in the nation’s legal system. He lamented that it allows a dominant player to take advantage of the pay TV marketing environment.

    Orkeh who spoke with reporters in Lagos, urged President Muhammadu Buhari  to create enabling environment for other operators to thrive in the industry as the monopolistic tendency in the market is hampering healthy competition among players.

    “We knew there is a monopolistic tendency in the market, the existing structure in the legislature of Nigeria allows a dominant player to take advantage of the environment,” he said.

    Citing Europe, Orkeh noted that no pay TV owns 100 per cent of an industry saying this amounts to anti-competition where such exist.

    He said: “The number one challenge in the industry is that there is no regulation, NBC  (Nigerian Broadcasting Commission) is doing its best but there is no law that backs it up to penalise. Before the last government handed over,  there was a bill that was being pushed, the anti-competition bill. It is like what we find in Europe that nobody can own 100 per cent of an industry, if you grow beyond a particular size, for instance when Microsoft, Google among others grew beyond a certain size, they were stopped to allow room for other players.  There is no such law right now in Nigeria so it is a big barrier; it is only the legislature that can change that.”

    He also complained that the foreign exchange is also affecting the industry player’s budget for foreign content. “Eighty per cent of what we buy is international content: CNN, BBC, Aljazeera; we buy in dollars. Apart from these, other challenges can be dealt with. However, as more players become part of the ecosystem of buying and distributing, the market will grow and there will be several players that will get access and customers will have more options to choose from and it is a good thing that such facility is not limited because it will enable Nigerians to benefit by have more options. This is good for the economy and the customers,” he lamented.

    To stay ahead in the market, he said ACTV is has embarked on value-added approach as unique selling point to cater for the needs of the market of 170 million population. He said the pay TV is offering PVR decoder which they had to expend N70, 000 under the current market structure.

    “Before we came to the market, there was no pay TV offering PVR for the middle class. For you to get decoder with PVR you have to cough out about N70, 000 but we are saying with N15, 000 you can have a PVR. In content wise there was a lot of exclusivity which is going to be difficult for one person to break.  Beyond this, we will develop the market for our self, develop a niche for our self because right now the tendency is also thriving in the industry, Nigeria with a population of about 170 million, 26 million households with television, but the market is so huge. There is still a huge market that is not being addressed, we are here to capture that niche market and grow it,” he said.

    “There are two types of content we buy in the industry, you either develop the raw content or you buy the linear content. The linear content is already a channel that someone has put together. The linear channel is a ready-made content; they determine the schedule like the BBC, the content there is controlled by the BBC. The other aspect, which is the raw content, is for us to buy the materials and put them together,” he said.

    Despite all the challenges, Orkeh said ACTV offer is an all-inclusive service that answers to the questions  of all the demographics. “We are pushing innovation and making it available at a very convenient price. We are actually addressing all our customers. This is different from the tradition which is a trend in the industry; we are targeting every member of the demographic groups in Nigeria, the high income earners to the middle income earners and to the lower earners. Looking at our subscription packages they are structured in that way, we will deliver across all of demographics. Our objective at the initial stage was targeted to the middle class but our experience has shown that the upper class and lower classes are also interested in our service,” he explained.

    On the attitude of Nigerians toward foreign content, he said: “Looking at the entertainment industry now, without Nigeria music, the party will not rock unlike what we had in the seventies and nineties. There is a shift and 40 to 50 per cent of Nigeria adults now watch Nigerian content. Can you believe that Channel TV after CNN in Nigeria has one of the highest rating and it is a Nigerian channel just because people are connected to the station, we belief the mindset is changing,” he noted.

    While piracy remains the biggest problem to content marketing in Nigeria, Orkeh said hackers are becoming a more dangerous threat. He said ACTV decided to use card-less and anti-virus software to protect its intellectual property.

    “The issue we have regarding hackers, the solution we chose is that we are the first paid TV platform in Nigeria that is card-less. We have put away that element that can encourage hacking. Also the software we use is an active anti-virus, it is actively monitors any form of tempering and we deal with accordingly. We are not saying our platform is 100 per cent tamper proof, but what we have done is to reduce it to the barest minimum and make hacking as difficult and challenging as it could be to deter them,” he said.

  • Olabiyi: My Wonder Goal came from persistent practice

    Olabiyi: My Wonder Goal came from persistent practice

    Olabiyi was beside  himself with joy and could barely suppress his excitement when he was presented with the plaque and one hundred thousand naira cheque on a day his club came from two goals down to post a commanding 5-2 win against Sharks FC at the Enyimba International Stadium, Aba.

    Businessman, Ide Ifeanyi Chukwuma presented the award memorabilia to Olabiyi who then dedicated the award to his team mates

    “The goal was as a result of persistent training, it was the first time I scored from that distance,” Olabiyi told www.lmc-ng.com

    “My coaches have always encouraged me to shoot whenever I find myself in that position and I’m happy the ball went in”.

    He also described the award as a compliment to a special goal, noting that “it is made more special for me because it was against Abia Warriors, our state rivals who came to Aba and defeated us earlier in the season.”

    The player, who graduated from the famous Pepsi Football Academy to Enyimba, nominated an orphanage in Aba, the Ngwa Road Motherless Babies’ Home as his preferred Charity organization to benefit from the cash reward attached to the award.

    “I want to thank the League Management Company (LMC) for this honour and the reward which has enabled me to give back to the society and more importantly, the less-privileged,” remarked the former national Under-17 player.

    Also commenting on the award which he presented to the midfielder, Okechukwu congratulated Olabiyi and urged him to see the award as an incentive to raise his game to become one of the best players in the country.

    “This award is not an end in itself but a motivation for you and any other winner to improve on your game to become one of the Super Eagles players and indeed one of the best in the world”, the business man admonished the player.

    The LMC introduced the Wonder Goal Award to deepen Club and Community engagement and also reward players who scored spectacular goals in the Glo Premier League. Previous winners are Rangers duo of Osaguona Ighodaro and Emeka Eze as well as Bayelsa United’s Oghogho Oduokpe.

  • An ideal leadership

    An ideal leadership

    Title:LEADERSHIP: Understanding Theory, Style, and Practice
    Author: John O. Alizor,
    Publishers: West Bow Press
    Year of Publication: 2013
    Reviewer: Adetorera Idowu

    LEADERSHIP: Understanding Theory, Style, and Practice, is a detailed look at organisational leadership and skills. It enriches its reader with a thorough knowledge of leadership theories, styles and practices and how they can affect the success of an organisation. The author, Dr John Alizor, is a leadership expert with over 35 years experience in leadership roles.

    The author believes that there is need for education and reeducation of people, especially for those seeking positions of leadership. Indeed, for these set of people, this book couldn’t have come at a better time than now.

    For a man, born as an orphan in Nigeria, Dr Alizor worked hard to achieve the dream of becoming a self-made man. He rose to become the man he is today because he had the courage to convince the right people to give him a chance. It is therefore worthy of note that a man who clearly has the ability to lead would be able to give sound advice on leadership.

    Dr Alizor’s book is compelling, insightful and thought-provoking. His style is simple and uses a theorist-practitioner model to outline leadership styles, the different leadership challenges and how to apply these styles to different business challenges.

    The book is divided into three distinctive parts. Part 1 begins with a thorough examination of leadership and management as well as the difference between the two concepts, however, similar. He goes on to discuss how these leadership theories can improve an organisation’s performance.

    In the 2nd part of the book, he draws four hypothetical stories that border on the lives of a few leaders in order to demonstrate challenges one may face as a leader. He then helps readers to link these theories to real life practice. He also discuses four different leadership styles and how each style can be applied to various situations.

    Finally, the last part of the book outlines definitive courses of action for the emerging leader. It clearly discusses steps to take and attitudes to develop in order to become a successful organisational leader. It treats topics like employee respect and communication.

    Readers, especially those in education and industry, will find this book very informative and it is sure to enhance their leadership skills. It delivers the message clearly through its style and composition.

    It is difficult not to like the simplicity and strong message of this book. However, the author falls short by tailoring this wonderful piece for academic and industry purposes alone and not for personal consumption. Nevertheless this does not detract from the clarity and power of its message.

     

  • ‘Why I abandoned law practice for show design’

    Lawyer-turn-shoe maker, Monalisa Abimbola Azeh, prides herself as one of Nigeria’s finest shoe designers. That’s because, for over a decade, she has kept a culture of churning out choice designer shoes and bags that regularly stand out at social scenes. Though people talk about her creativity, Monalisa says shoe designing was never her dream. As a matter of fact, she insists that, “I didn’t have a childhood dream.” For one who had a close knit relationship with her parents, went through the rigours of studying and practising law for 15 years before going into shoe making, Monalisa is not drab! Instead, she promotes artistes, love music, dances and loves art related matters. She shares her lifestyle in this interview with PAUL UKPABIO.

    You certainly were not doing badly as a practising lawyer. What led you into shoe designing?

    What led me into shoe designing was a simple matter as not finding my shoe size in the market. I couldn’t find my shoe size in the market. The shoes that were coming into the country were coming in from China. But prior to that time, we were used to getting quality shoes from Italy. The period coincided with when people started going to Dubai, China to bring things, it was becoming more and more difficult to get the kind of shoes that I like, especially my size. So that motivated me to start thinking of how to make my own shoes; the type that I like and the type that would fit me.

    I studied law and before then, I had worked as a lawyer for more than 15 years before I decided to go into business. It was gradual; I actually started making the shoes for myself. I started experimenting. I knew some people who were making shoes for men and I noticed that they were using real leather. Of course, I looked around to see if there was someone who could make for me. Eventually, I did get somebody. And got my shoes made.

    When I wore them, people were asking me where I made my shoes. I told them that I designed them and had them made for me. People commended it and from there, I picked up interest in it and that was my first outing. Gradually, it led me to establishing the shoe stylish outfit called ‘Mona Mathew.’

    Did you have this as your childhood dream?

    I opened shop January 2002 and it wasn’t a childhood dream. I didn’t have any childhood dreams. Growing up, I was told I was going to be a lawyer. So I grew up preparing to study law. When it was time to go into the university, I went to study law.

    I don’t know if it was a childhood dream. But I will not call it a childhood dream because a dream is far-fetched. A dream is something that you visualise and work towards. Law was not my childhood dream. I liked watching legal matters on television; I liked watching courtroom drama. Till date, I enjoy watching criminal investigations and stuff like that. But that was not my childhood dream. I did not have a childhood dream, nothing particular.

    Did you do all the work by yourself?

    I started out by working with very skilled shoe makers who knew and know what they are doing. ‘Mona Mathew’ is about craftsmen who make designer shoes. You can give the same materials to two people, but one will turn out a masterpiece, while the other will turn out junk. Our works have been standing out.

    What happens to your law degree and your verse knowledge of the legal profession?

    After Law School, I practised law; I had my own chambers along with clients. But I had to stop when the business idea came. However, I have recently started doing legal matters. I’ve found a niche in the legal profession that I am able to combine with what I am doing now. I stopped the law practice because I found out that I am an artistic person, I wanted an opportunity to express my creativity as it were and ‘Mona Mathew’ gave me that opportunity.

    How did your parents influence your life?

    My parents were the kind that admire, want and seek excellence. They were organised people, they were natural administrators. They were the type that insisted on things being done properly. The other thing is that I grew up with a lot of books in the house. My parents encouraged me to read and I love reading. That also helped me with what I studied initially because as a lawyer, one had to read a lot. I love reading, I love picking up information, getting to know new things.

    I also grew up with music. We slept and woke up with music. My father organised the house in such a way that, loud speakers were all over the place. On a Sunday morning, we woke up and music will be playing. We used to go to watch films too at the theatre or go to watch life performances, drama presentations and things like that. I guess what all that did for me was to help me see creativity at different levels, it nurtured creativity in me.

    I grew up in Ibadan where I spent my early years until my parents came down to Lagos; even then, while they were in Lagos, I schooled outside Lagos until I was admitted into University of Lagos. My parents were administrators. My father worked in the university community but later on, worked with Adeola Odutola Group of Companies. My parents were basically administrators.

    Tell us about some of your memories

    I went to UNILAG in its glorious days. I can remember that there were just two of us in the hostel; we had cleaners who came around to clean the hostel and washed our bedspread. Most of us didn’t eat in the school cafeteria. I was a sports person. I used to play hockey for the school. On Sundays when we were in camp, we were normally served Chicken, ice-cream, jollof rice and fruits in just one meal. That was our Sunday lunch.

    Those were wonderful times as far as I’m concerned, we had 24 hours of electricity. I do not remember reading with candle or anything like that. Our lecturers were very good. Most of the books that were used by my generation of lawyers were standard law books written by our lecturers. We had first hand experience of people who were masters in their profession. My university days were a beautiful time and a beautiful place for me. Throughout my stay in school, the university campus was never closed down. So I spent only three years studying law because I did A-level.

    What kind of person were you then?

    I was an active person. Even now, I still am. I like people a lot. I like activities, I like projects, I like to do things that I will be participating. I don’t like to do things that I will just be an observer. I enjoy sports. I represented Kwara State in school sports; I represented UNILAG in two university games known as NUGA. I represented Amina Hall where I stayed in the university in hockey. I received the school colours, a honour given to people in UNILAG as a sports personalities.

    Do you still do sports now?

    No, I don’t (laughs) but what I do now is exercise, I walk a lot. I still believe in a healthy lifestyle. It is about being fit. I can trek from Maryland to Ojuelegba. When you go abroad, you walk a lot. It is in Nigeria that people enter cars a lot.

    What kind of social life do you have?

    My work and church take a lot of my time. What is left of that, I use for music. I like to work with gospel artistes. Right now, I’m working with ‘Oba’ a gospel artiste who is very versatile. She has a fantastic band with her husband. So we do shows in Bogobiri in Ikoyi once every month and another on the Mainland. I do social life with friends and family too.

    As a shoe maker, tell us about your fashion sense…

    My grandmother was a fashionable person. My mother is 77 years old and still fashionable. So goes for my aunties. They are real beautiful women, who are stylish and dress well. I grew up in that kind of environment.

    My mother in the morning dresses up and takes time to make up her face. I normally ask her where she is going to but she would normally reply, that she’s going no where. Sometimes I ask her, ‘Who is looking at you?’ But she replies that she is looking at herself. So at 77 she still wears big ear rings, paints her toe nails, and ensures that her clothes are clean. She coordinates herself, her colours, jewelry and applies her make up.

    If you see her, you won’t believe her age. I am actually the one who tells people her age. That is the home and background I come from. I guess fashion is innate in me. I recall that since I was in secondary school, I’ve always enjoyed dressing people up. I’ve always enjoyed making people look their best. When I see someone in an outfit, I always know instinctively what you can add or take away that will make that outfit a wow one. I’ve always had that kind of interest. My friends are tired of me. If we are going out, I’ll tell them, comb your hair like this or change the lipstick. I always say something that will enhance their looks. It comes naturally to me.

    When I started making shoes, I found out that it was a great outlet for me. We actually make customised shoes and bags for women and shoes for men too. I set down and consult with them. If a bride comes, I have to ask her first what her outfit will be. I ask questions about the headgear, and where she comes from because all those will reflect on what she will wear on the wedding day. At the end of the day, by the time we design the shoe and bag for her, it will complement the outfit. I enjoy doing that; it gives me a lot of joy.

    How expensive are your shoes? Are they only for the high society?

    The shoes are not cheap because they are hand-made. They take a lot of time and energy to make. But they are good quality; we use 100% leather, the best gum, the best glue and good designs. It’s not really about whether we cater for high society alone or low society, it’s about if the person wants quality and appreciates it when he or she sees it.

    How long does it take to get a pair of shoes done?

    If you order from us, we ask for three weeks. You may want a particular shade of leather, so we go all out to get it. We also get the right ornament and so on that will make the shoe really outstanding. There is also the possibility that there were other orders before yours, so that’s why we ask for three weeks so that we can give you our best.

    You dress up lovers of fashion and style, how do you dress yourself up?

    (Laughs) That’s a funny one, I like dressing people up, it’s not that I don’t love dressing up too, but I like comfort. My style is simple, elegant but always comfortable. I don’t believe in wearing tight shoes because I want people to admire me. I like my shoes free. The truth, however, about shoes is that people have different types of feet. That determines what kind of shoes that they are comfortable in.

    There are some very lucky people who can wear any type of shoes. It may be difficult to believe, but there are some people who cannot wear flat shoes. Their shoes must have at least one inch heel. Such people are even more comfortable in two or three inches of heel. There are people whose casual shoes must have some particular inch of heel.

    What I have discovered is that people wear what they are most comfortable in. But then of course, there are people who just want to show off, but those are not many.

    In making our shoes, we are very particular about customer’s comfort. My mother is 77, she wears my shoes. She still wears heels. When she goes out, she doesn’t put slippers in the car. She wears them everywhere she goes and removes them only when she gets home. Our belief is that our shoes must make you elegant and comfortable.

    Regarding my personal style, I like colours, real bright colours. I like and enjoy playing around with colours but I am not a fashionista. I do follow fashion trends easily since it concerns my work. I pay attention to details.

    Some women have 600 shoes, others less, others more…

    Oh, yes, that is a woman’s thing!

    What number of shoes should a woman have?

    A woman should have as much number of shoes as makes her happy (laughs). What I tell people is that when it comes to shoes for women, the truth is that women have hormonal cycle, so women have times when they don’t want to wear particular things. At particular times, you want to wear particular things that make your body easy. Then another day, you want a shoe colour that goes exactly with your outfit or that contrasts with it in such an outstanding way.

    If a woman has blue shoes for instance, you must remember that there is nothing like blue shoes for women, instead, there are varieties of blue. There is turquoise blue, royal blue, sky blue, that is three; the next thing is that a woman may want turquoise blue high heel, turquoise blue slippers, turquoise blue shoe, then turquoise blue shoe and bag. That is just turquoise blue alone, already four. So even the blue is not complete but she already has seven shoes.

    A woman is entitled to have as many shoes as make her happy because if a woman wakes up and looks at her wardrobe and realises that she doesn’t have what to wear, it can make her depressed and unhappy.

    When is a woman fashionable and stylish?

    It is when she wears things that enhance her looks. Style and fashion should be subject to you. You shouldn’t be a slave to them. Style should come from inside of you. It must bring out the best in you. By the time you are following fashion and you are looking funny, then you are the one that is a slave to fashion. So it is not every fashion trend that everybody can follow. There are some fashion trends that are not for you and you just have to let it go.

    The truth is that, the older you get, the more you know what fashion works for you. At that time, you ought to know the colours that work for you too, and the style of shoes that fits you too. So you just stick to it and generally play around with a few other things. You don’t start doing new things because they are new, like being 50 and wearing one funny shoe that doesn’t fit you just because it is the latest craze. No, you shouldn’t be a slave to fashion. Whatever comes out, if it works for you, you wear it, if it doesn’t, you let it go.

    How expensive should fashion and style be for an individual?

    It doesn’t have to be expensive, that is the truth. It is about you being creative and innovative. I remember when I first started my business, I really didn’t have a lot of money then, so I had this outfit, it was a friend that made it for me. There were three or four colours in it. I found out that I could wear it with a head tie, or with a hat. I could dress up in it and make it look like an English outfit and at the same time, I could dress up and make it look like a traditional outfit. I could wear it along with aso oke.

    So it is more about how the individual interprets fashion and plays around with colours. If you are someone who does colours and accessories along with your outfit, then you can get away with a lot of things. If you are not comfortable, look out for a friend of yours who is good at it and ask for advice. There is nothing wrong with that. The important thing is that when you step out, you look like a million dollars even if you didn’t have to spend much.

    What accessories do you not do without?

    I love my rings, I love my bracelets, and I love my earrings. You are not likely to find me without those things. Oh, I love wearing them.

    When are you most happy?

    I’m someone who likes projects, that’s how my mind works, even my relationship with my friends, I treat them like projects; at the end of a project, when the thing is settled and done, and nicely put away, I am happy. That’s when I have this sense of fulfillment that I have accomplished something, especially when I set my heart to do something that seems impossible. It gets to the point where I take it to God prayerfully and He gives me an insight to how to go about it, and then I do it, accomplish it. I look back and then give God the glory. That makes me happy.

    Do you dance?

    I love to dance, I love dancing.

    Do you find time for leisure?

    My work is very interesting, it is not stressful, I am a people-person, and I love meeting people. Interacting with my customers is very refreshing. I make friends with my customers, so it doesn’t look to me like it is work. In addition to that, I love reading, I still read. I do that online a lot. It is very relaxing. I do social media; I use it to promote my business and my faith. I keep up to date with local and international news. I like being aware of what goes on around me in terms of current affairs.

    I like television but I do not spend that much time watching though. I love good films and I do watch whenever I have the time. I go to Silverbird to watch films whenever there is one that is being popularly talked about. I love live music, so I go to concerts. I love musical concerts, I attend art shows and at church too, there are drama presentations and concerts. These are creative things that keep someone like me happy and going.

    Your greatest possession

    That is my salvation, I cherish it. I hold it very dear. I am someone who believes in Nigeria, I believe that we are an extremely blessed country. I believe in the future of this country, that there are immense opportunities here. I encourage people to see the good and the myriads of opportunities.

  • Assassin’s Practice for Esiri

    Assassin’s Practice for Esiri

    It was his last movie and it is being premiered four days after his death. The Assassin’s Practice’, in which the late Justus Esiri, gave a good account of himself has been dedicated to him.

    According to Andrew Ukoko, producer and director of the film, the passing of Esiri was a blow to him.

    He said: “I met Uncle Justus for the first time during the production of my film, The Assassin’s Practice. From the beginning, we struck a good relationship. I remember he was telling me that my film was an international film and that he would do everything to support me. He did much more than I expected. His professionalism could not be faltered. His reassuring support during and after the production of the film drew me closer to him, and he became a father figure for me in the industry. I will certainly miss him and my condolences go out to his family.”

    Ukoko said The Assassin’s Practice is dedicated to the memory of the late thespian.

    Sarah Akokhia, who played the late Esiri’s daughter in the movie, said she was pained that the actor did not see the movie before he died.

    “So sad, he was a wonderful man,” she said.

    For Daphne, another actor in the movie, the late Esiri was a fantastic actor. He said the deceased was fatherly on the set of the movie and a great source of inspiration.

    The actor said the late Esiri taught him a lot on the set and enabled him to give his best, adding that he would always remember him as a great actor.

    He added that the impression the late Esiri made on him would last a lifetime.

    He said: “Uncle Justus was an amazing veteran on set. A father to us all who taught me so much and pushed me as an actor to deliver my best! It was an amazing experience. He was very caring, sweet and honest man. He will be missed; he made an awesome impression on me.”

    The Assassin’s Practice tells the story of a failed stock investor, Eviano Esiri (played by Justus Esiri), who hires an assassin (Eve Pearson) to stage his suicide and make it look like a botched robbery so his wife (Kate Henshaw) and daughter (Sarah Akokhia) could live off his life insurance. But, he later discovers that the assassin is delusional and will not spare anyone and he must do everything to undo what he started.

  • CBN to banks: pursue sustainable banking practice

    CBN to banks: pursue sustainable banking practice

    The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has called on banks to pursue and implement issues itemized in the Nigerian Sustainable Banking Practice (NSBP).

    In a circular to the lenders, Special Adviser to the CBN governor, on Sustainable Banking, A’sha Mahmood explained that the policy involves integration of social and environmental considerations into banks’ operations, services, procedures and strategies.

    According to the CBN guidelines on the policy, the environmental and social policies as well as decision-making processes will also be integrated into the operations of discount houses and development finance institutions.

    The sustainable banking practice, according to the statement, aims at minimising or mitigating the negative impacts of financial institutions’ operations on the environment and local communities in which they operate. It also captures the Nigerian sustainable banking principle on agric sector, power sector and the oil and gas sector.

    According to the regulator, for the successful implementation of the principles, the institutions would be required to develop a management approach that balances the environments and social (E&S) risks identified with the opportunities to be exploited through their business activities.

    “The adoption of the principles will not only help banks in mitigating the E & S risks associated with their business operation and those of their clients, but also help them to achieve greater efficiencies and better position them to take advantage of opportunities in the global market place where environmental and social issues are becoming increasingly important.

    “They will also enjoy higher productivity, higher staff morale, lower turnover and absenteeism due to strong employee relations and workplace practices. The CBN would need to provide the structural mechanism to encourage consistent and widespread implementation of the principles and develop its institutional capacity to support the banks in their implementation of the principles,” it added.

    While noting that the process of developing the sustainable banking principles and guidelines has so far been driven by the banks, the apex bank assured that it will create the enabling environment for banks to succeed in their implementation of the principles.

    The CBN has also recently set new rules for lending to the agricultural sector of the economy. The decision was taken after reports from banks and discount houses indicated that lending to the subsector remains a high-risk, which should be followed with caution.