Tag: shop

  • Diamond Cuts Salon opens shop

    Diamond Cuts Salon opens shop

    Diamond Cuts Salon, an upscale unisex salon, specializing in hair and scalp treatment and other beauty accessories, has opened shop in Lagos.

    The multi-purpose beauty outlet owned by American- trained Oluseyi Sofola and located at Kings Plaza, Adeniran Ogunsanya, Surulere, Lagos, offers services in all types of haircuts, wash and set, blow dry, relaxing, fixing extension, braiding and colouring.

    Other services available include hand and foot care like manicure, gel nail polish, acrylic, nail designing and pedicure as well as all types of facial and natural make-up, bridal, engagement, photo shoots, headgear tying and massaging.

    Sofola, a Theatre Arts graduate of Delaware University, USA, said the motivation to set up the shop was borne out of the desire to offer unique services to people in the areas of beautification and physical fitness.

  • Would you rather shop online for Xmas?

    Would you rather shop online for Xmas?

    As preparations for the Yuletide gather momentum, shoppers have the option of placing orders for choice items online within the comfort of their sitting rooms, reports TONIA ‘DIYAN 

    FOR the upwardly mobile and ever busy executive, who can hardly afford the luxury of the time required to go out on a shopping spree, especially at Christmas, the opportunity through virtual, online shopping cannot be easily ignored considering its enormous benefits.

    A lady, who simply identified herself as  Ewaoluwa,  is a shopping freak,  but detests going to crowded places. She does her shopping online and visiting shopping sites for clothes, shoes, accessories, makeup and other beauty products.

    Justifying her craze for online shopping, she said: “Goods at the market are more expensive when compared to what the online stores offer and their prices usually don’t correspond with their quality.”

    The 24-year-old became a fan of online shopping, giving reference to fashion brand, two years ago when the trend was newly introduced into the country.

    She now makes her purchases on her laptop every month while waiting for retailers’ holiday’s offers and Christmas discount offers, which are ongoing in all shopping places.

    Since product returns are free and easy, Ewaoluwa said she doesn’t mind paying the delivery charges required when online stores desptach riders deliver her items to her door step.

    Like Ewaoluwa, Amara, another fashionista,  has decided to stay away from markets and other crowded shopping places, arguing that visiting such places for Christmas shopping is a clear “waste of time.” This simply, according to her,  often involve overeager salespersons, who may not help her find the right items she needs.

    “I am the type of shopper who knows exactly what I want,” the 39-year-old said, adding: “I have never liked salespeople following me around. I don’t appreciate that kind of service. And to make matters worse, I might not get exactly what I want to buy. ”

    An online store, which she discovered through a magazine two years ago, turned out to offer her kind of service. With just a press on the button of her mobile device in the comfort of her apartment, Amara has found brands of accessories that aren’t sold in some stores. There are several thousands of people who would rather do their shopping in their living rooms just like Ewaoluwa and Amara.

    The Nation’s investigations haveshown that there are people who do not know the basic steps to take in buying an item online. Some would rather call the customer care line to place orders, while others would beg that orders be placed on their behalf. But it is better to take charge whenever one visits an online store.

    Just like someone would behave when he/she gets to the popular Balogun market on Lagos Island, see what catches his or her fancy and simply ask for it following simple steps. It is true that before online shopping made began in the country, the main reason people browse the internet was to search for information, send emails and do their official work.

    The process of placing orders online for goods is very simple and straight forward. Attempting a comparative analysis of conventional and online shopping, Mr. Ignatius Owen said: “Online shopping doesn’t come with any stress as you can do it anytime, anywhere  and at your own convenience. Still, you get value for money.”

     

    ABC of buying online

     

    Offline Manager at Jumia.com.ng, Afam Anyika, said there are simple procedures required to shop online. These include logging on to any online website by typing the store’s name and follow other commands as may be required on the browser

    “Simply log on to any online shopping website by typing the store website on the browser, that is, the store name.com.ng. In some cases, choosing Nigeria on the ‘choose a country” section might be needed and if one is a new customer, he or she would be required to type in an email address and click on ‘Sign Up Now’,” hesaid.

    The next step, according to him, “is to click on the category name on the left hand side of the homepage to view the products within categories or use the search bar located at the top of the homepage to find preferred products. “Select a preferred colour/size and then click on ‘buy now, to add choice product into cart. Note that it is important to click on preferred payment option before clicking the ‘Place order’ button.

    “It is time to fill in contact and delivery details, then click ‘Save And Continue’. Choose a preferred payment method after the buyer must have chosen goods.  It could be delivered anywhere, using different methods. Cash on delivery or the free returns & exchange methods. At this stage, the order is complete; an order number will then be generated for the customer with which he or she can use to track the order,” he explained.

    He continued: “It is important to click on ‘Proceed To Checkout’, tab to complete the buying process. At checkout, the buyer will need to fill in personal details and shipping address if he or she is a new customer.

    “However, it is important not to hesitate to contact customer care via email, Facebook, Twitter or Google+ in case a buyer encounters any problem while placing order.”

    Corroborating Anyinka, an online store worker, Tomiwa Oladele, noted that all a prospective seller or buyer is required to do  are simple basic steps. Tomiwa works at Kaymu.com.ng, an online shopping portal,

    “It is easy to find the product one wants by using the search box at the top of the homepage or the category tree on the left. Then use the filters on the left to choose preferred brand, colours and price.

    “The next step is to select payment and shipping method and click on the ‘confirm’ button to confirm purchase. A buyer can either choose cash on delivery or any of the other payment options after which, a confirmation email will be sent to buyer to validate his or her order as well as the seller details.”Oladele said.

    A customer support worker at dealdey.com, Toyin Adeyeni, told The Nation Shopping that what to do when trying to buy goods online is to understand the basic rudiments.

    “All it requires is to type the store name on the browser click sign up, fill the form and register, after which the buyer signs in with details (username and password). It is time to click on preferred deal and buy, redirecting the buyer to his or her cart. If the buyer wants to continue shopping, he/she should click on the continue shopping button, if not, he can proceed to payment.

    “It is important to know that proceeding to ‘payments’ takes buyer to the different payment options available where he or she is asked to select preferred payment option (if money is in wallet, a buyer is expected to select wallet) and follow the instructions to complete order or such persons can make on-line payment from bank accounts using ATM cards such as Verve, Master-card or Visa card. Buyers can also pay directly into the company’s accounts.

    “Once confirmation of payment is received, the buyer’s wallet will be credited and he/she will be notified of credit after which buyer can sign into Dealdey account and click on ‘buy’ on desired deal to make a purchase and complete order,”she said.

    However, buyers such as Ewaoluwa and Amara are among those sustaining online retailers in this part of the world since it started about  two years ago.

     

    Bridging the digital divide

     

    With a population of 170 million, 130 million active lines, 66 million of which are used to access the internet, Nigeria is the biggest internet market in Africa. Between 2000 and 2013, internet penetration grew from a paltry 0.06 per cent to 38 per cent. Teledensity is now 93 per cent and there are indications that the trend will continue well into 2020.

    The country will remain the largest internet market on the continent in the near future because it has a large youth population (one-third of the population is between the 10-24 years age bracket) and a growing middle class (estimated at 23 per cent, approximately 39 million-of the population according to Renaissance Capital in 2011). Nigeria has a large number of the two classes of individuals, which traditionally drive internet usage. They are  the middle class and the young people.

    The size of this market makes it a fertile ground for online business, internet advertising, software sales and Internet service providers.

     

    Benefits of  online shopping

     

    Shedding more light on customers’ patronage of online platforms, the Managing Director of  Kaymu.com.ng, in Nigeria, Evangeline Wiles, said the enormous growth rate being recorded on the e-commerce sector, about N1.3 billion per month, is driven by the middle class.

    Wiles said the growth of online based transactions in Nigeria records over $2million, about N320 million  per week and about N1.3 billion a month from the 38 per cent of Nigerians, who prefer to buy products through the internet.

    He noted that as Nigeria continues its movement towards a digital economy, online transactions are expected to reach N1 trillion, boosting the cashless policy of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), aimed at reducing cash-based transactions.

    He said: “Online marketing offers a level playing ground for large businesses as well as small and medium scale businesses to operate in the global market place and for regional businesses and communities to participate in social economic and cultural networks across the globe. With the growing successes recorded in the country’s e-commerce space contributed largely to the middle class of the economy, the low income group is also a potential target for business investors and mass products.”

    The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) also report that almost 40 per cent of all internet traffic from Africa comes from Nigeria, thus, rating the country as Africa’s largest mobile and internet market.

    Nigeria takes over from Egypt and Morocco, which have been among the highest internet user rates in the region, with Egypt having about 12.6 million people with access to the internet while Morocco has 10.3 million.

    Considering the immense economic potential Nigeria has in terms of sheer market size, it is the contention of analysts that the online shopping platforms would continue to grow in leaps and bounds as long as the adoption of social media as a viable market platform.

     

     

  • ‘Why Nigerians shop abroad’

    ‘Why Nigerians shop abroad’

    Many wealthy individuals prefer shopping abroad to patronising Nigerian malls. What is surprising to many is whether this trend results from better deals offered by such upscale malls in places such as the United Kingdom, Dubai and Paris or a manifestation of status symbol? TONIA ‘DIYAN writes.

    Undoubtedly, Nigerians, especially the wealthy ones, love shopping. However, they love doing their shopping abroad.

    Their penchance for shopping abroad does not indicate that the items they need are not available in local shops.  It also does not indicate that the prices of the items they desire are extremely exorbitant.

    Again, there is no indication that the products they need are of low quality. Perhaps, they prefer shopping abroad to prove their social standing or as  status symbol.

    This has been a source of worry to policy makers and economic planners who see such attitude as an act of sabotage to the growth and development of local industries that into the production of such goods that Nigerians go abroad to purchase.

    Worried by this demeaning attitude, economic experts maintain that the country’s economy will remain under-developed if Nigerians continue to patronise foreign goods to the detriment of the locally manufactured ones.

    One of the experts in the hospitality industry, John Obayuwana, insists that “the current consumption of luxury goods by Nigerians in shopping destinations such as Paris, Dubai, and UK shows the spending power of Nigerians in the luxury sector.”

    Obayuwana, who is the founder and Managing Director of Polo Luxury Group, disclosed that wealthy Nigerians have a huge appetite for luxury goods from shops abroad.

    He spoke at this year’s  ‘Financial Times Business of Luxury Summit’ held at the St. Regis Hotel in Mexico City. He explained that the preference Nigerians exhibit when consuming luxury goods abroad is because “in Nigeria, customers are not just looking for logos; they are looking for quality and great service.”

    Admitting that opportunities exist for international luxury brands in Africa, particularly in Nigeria, he said there are several challenges that have inhibited the luxury goods industry in Nigeria from expanding. He listed such challenges to include, but not limited to lack of power supply, high cost of operation, lack of human capital and lack of retail infrastructure.

    A report by Reuters corroborated his views about Nigerians’ penchant for shopping abroad. The reportrated Nigerians as the fourth biggest foreign spenders in UK, as they spend an average of £500 in each shop where they make purchases –four times the spending power of an average UK shopper.

    Reuters also stated that the widespread corruption and debilitating infrastructure that plague Nigeria–including daily power blackouts that are smoothed over by millions of generators – push up the costs of running businesses here, making most people to dependent on informal market-style retail.

    This is why holidaying or visiting relatives abroad is increasingly open to millions of middle-class Nigerians, with the number of visitors to the UK increasing by more than 50 per cent to 142,000 a year, according to the Office for National Statistics.

    Obayuwana, however, stressed the importance of paying attention to the middle-class in order to ensure the sustainable development of the luxury goods industry in Nigeria. He said despite the dearth of infrastructure, Lagos alone could generate $2-3 billion in luxury sales.

    As a result of the increasing tendency of Nigerians to shop abroad,a Nigerian woman, for instance, would stock up everything she needs for the next six months on her twice-yearly visits to Dubai or any other country. She would basically carry out food shopping in Nigeria. One of such women who often does her shopping in Dubai is Ikeoluwa Adebayo, a Geologist with a Lagos-based firm. She believes that everything in Dubai is better both in terms of price and originality compared to what is sold in Nigeria markets or shops.  She said: “It’s not that you can’t get these things in Nigeria, but made in China goods have taken over and you can’t always vouch for their quality.”

    However, forAdebayo and other Nigerians who may have been driven by the search for quality and competitive prices to shop abroad, ongoing effort by relevant authorities to ensure the application of international standards in the retail luxury industry in Nigeria is certainly a welcome development.

    The ‘Financial Times Business of Luxury Summit’ is focused on the economies and the luxury industry of Turkey and Africa. The event attracted senior executives, industry leaders, brand experts, executives and decision makers in the luxury industry such as Designer and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of OBE, Stella McCartney; Founder of Christian Louboutin, Christian Louboutin; President of Carolina Herrera, Caroline Brown; CEO of Italia Independent, Lapo Elkann; and Executive Chairman of the Estée Lauder Companies.

    Others were William Lauder; President of Bottega Veneta, Marco Bizzarri and Fashion Director and Chief Fashion Critic of the New York Times, Vanessa Friedman, including Burak Celet and William Hutchings.

  • ‘I don’t shop where Nigerians shop abroad’

    ‘I don’t shop where Nigerians shop abroad’

    Kenny Ogungbe with his partner Dayo Adeneye changed the face of entertainment in Nigeria. Keke, as he is fondly called worked with the Ogun State Broadcasting Corporation (OGBC).

    He also worked with Africa Independent Television (AIT) before co-founding Primetime Entertainment, Kennis Music and Afrisat with his partner Dayo.

    On one of the social media platforms, Kenny spoke about his uniqueness in shopping.

    He said: “I have never shopped in Nigeria because I buy for the future. I am a Boy Scout. That does not mean I disrespect Nigerian shops though. I like unique things. Even when I shop abroad, I don’t go to places where Nigerians go to buy. What I buy might look the same with other people’s own, but it is not that same texture.”

  • A village shop without shopkeeper: can it keep the customers satisfied?

    On a sunny spring morning in the quiet village of Clifton in Derbyshire, steady streams of people are making their way towards the cock inn. They are not early-rising drinkers; the pub is not yet open. Instead ,they head around to the car park at the back.

    Here sits the United Kingdom’s (UK) first “automated shop” – a bus shelter-sized giant vending machine selling everything from fresh milk and eggs to umbrellas and cat food.

    Designed to look like a quaint village shop, yet with the advantage of more reliable opening hours, it is intended to lead a quiet, mechanised revolution in rural areas across Britain, filling the gap left by the widespread closure of traditional stores.

    The Clifton SpeedyShop, as it is formally known has been gratefully welcomed by residents, who haven’t had a village shop for more than a decade.

    “They pretty much emptied it on Monday evening. It was great,” says Lorraine Garside, the landlady of the Cock, who admits that she has already fed her hungry customers using a loaf of bread bought from the machine.

    “We haven’t had a village shop for about 13, 14 years and there are no bus services through the village anymore, so if you want a pint of milk you have to walk into town if you don’t drive. It’s very reasonably priced- i think it’s marvellous.”

    The machine is the brain child of peter fox, a 50-year old electrical engineer who used to live in a small village and became frustrated at coming home late from work to find nothing in the fridge. Having spent more than two years designing the prototype, he now hopes that similar machines can be rolled out nationally, but says he doesn’t have the resources to expand as quickly as he would like and is now actively seeking a business partner.”i own all the intellectual property, but i don’t have a factory with 500 people and i cant manufacture hundreds of these a week,” he says. “ i certainly intend to roll it out myself anyway, and i’ve already got other machines in my factory which are almost complete…

    But obviously i can’t instantly start making hundreds of machines and sending them all over the UK. To do that I’ve either got to grow organically, which will take time, or find somebody who wants to jump in with me”

    Accepting cash or credit cards, the machine emails Mr Fox whenever it despenses an item , so he can keep a trak of stock levels. Although he is reluctant to reveal just how good business has been so far, on the grounds that it is “ early dayz”, he says there has been a teady stream” of villagers buying everything from washing powder to toothpaste and bags of sugar.

    Last weekend, The independent contributed to the machine’s coffers by buying that key houshold staple, a can of eight hot dogs (89 pounds). Other items on offer included six eggs (1.75 pounds), bacon (2.69 pounds), a pair of sticky toffee puddings (1.99 pounds) and a book of first class stamps (3.60 pounds).

    Although the machine is attracting more publicity than Clifton has received in years, most customers’ yesrterday seems happier to browse rather than buy. Barbara Goodwin, out for a walk with her husband and their two dogs, was among the window shoppers. “I’m not quite sure,” she says. “There is a general store a couple of miles away. But having said that, late at night, you dont have to go far, and it’s very convenient.”

    The machine carries another benefit for Mrs Garside: relieving the pressure on her pub to act as an informal grocer for naive tourists who rent self-catered cottages, only to be left baffled at the village’s lack of Tesco Express. “You do get some southerners … who come up and think that every quaint village has a shop, and of course it doesnt anymore, “she says. “So, now, we have.”

    • Source: The Independent Saturday

  • Sanusi talks shop

    Sanusi talks shop

    On January 15, at a dinner organised by the Northern Reawakening Forum (NRF) in Abuja, the Central Bank of Nigeria governor, Mallam Sanusi Lamido Sanusi, once again managed to shock Nigerians out of their wits with his high-octane denunciations of societal foibles. Demonstrating the constancy of spirit and viewpoint that has made him even more famous than his sometimes puzzling financial panaceas ever attempted, Sanusi piquantly suggested that all socio-cultural and religious organisations, which he believed impacted society wrongly, should be banned. He stopped just short of calling for the abrogation of religions altogether. It was probably apparent to him that even for a radical, calling for the scrapping of a religion would have been every whit suicidal.

    In the words of this puritan hater of societal quirks: “When I was approached to speak on the economy at the forum called the Northern Reawakening Forum, my initial reaction was that I don’t go to these regional and ethnic groups because I have very strong views against Arewa, Afenifere, Ohaneze and other regional and ethnic groups. And I think these regional and ethnic groups should be banned; including, by the way, Ja’amatu Nasril Islam (JNI), and Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN). They should be banned because they are not religious organisations; they are not cultural organisations; they are political associations in disguise of religion and region.”

    Sanusi, it is evident to every Nigerian now, is an iconoclast. He is as fond of demolishing reputations, when he thinks they are built on shallow foundations, as he is eager to destroy symbols of our childish fancies, be it in religion, in politics or in the economy. No one is too high or too low for his shrill attacks. All he asks of himself is whether the object of his scorn is deserving of attack. Once convinced, he does not shirk a fight, and he gives it his impudent all. But by calling for the scrapping of the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) and the Ja’amatu Nasril Islam (JNI), two of Nigeria’s leading religious umbrella associations, he seems to take his iconoclasm to new heights. And by adding into the mix his abjuration of ethnic groups such as Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF), Afenifere, and Ohaneze Ndigbo, which he disdainfully dismissed as noisome masquerades for pestilential political interests, he climbs what his detractors describe as monomaniacal fondness for self-preserving posturing.

    But while it is true that Sanusi’s fiery denunciations have increased in amperage over the years, he makes his enemies squirm even the more because he is seldom misguided. For instance, his description of invitees to Aso Villa as effete champions of dishonest causes can hardly be faulted, for this is as true of Niger Delta militants as it is true of northern and southwest leaders, many of whom have risen to prominence by dint of their capacity for mischief, betrayal and general villainy. His observation that religious leaders perennially engage in the most opprobrious romance with power is so apt that he even seems to underestimate public revulsion against the alliance between religion and politics.

    Sanusi’s observations offer an opportunity for a reconsideration of the place and role of religion in national life, that is, if we are capable of such introspection. And though the CBN governor doubtless sounds stiff and sanctimonious in his denunciation of umbrella religious associations, like all his other pithy remarks on the economy, National Assembly profligacy, malodorous aviation policies, and banking malfeasance, he still makes more sense than most public officers.

    Rather than take on Sanusi for his daring and irreverence, it may be time for religious leaders to ponder whether in fact they have not become overly political in their dealings among themselves and with the people in power. Religious leaders seem to us to exult when the powerful worship with them and sit in the front rows, and lend personal and state support to multi-million naira religious projects. There is today less emphasis on the content of a man’s character than on whom he portrays himself to be. It is indeed very apparent that our society is laid waste by the scale of our wrongdoings and the sanctimoniousness of our religious observances, with neither religious nor political leaders, nor yet cultural paragons, anxious to bell the cat for change.

    Nigeria is one of the most religious societies in the world today. But religion has profited it little, though some cynics point out it could have been worse had there not being at least a public gesture towards some religiosity. The country’s civil service is weak, mediocre and corrupt. The country’s leadership itself, though it revels in the appurtenances of a mosque and a chapel at the State House complex, is increasingly felonious, overtly compromised, and subverted by special interests and overweening cabals. There is no altruism anywhere, and no patriotism left in anyone’s bosom. With depravity elongated and held so high, it is no wonder that the society is wracked both by guilt and by violence.

    Sanusi rightly frets that the evil compromises ethnic and religious groups have entered into with the men in power have sunk the country. But the answer may not be in their proscription. If they are proscribed – and this is not possible anyway, no matter what the letter and spirit of the constitution say – other perhaps more insidious groups would simply take their places. Nature abhors vacuum, it is said. What has the country offered in place of socio-cultural organisations? Do we have a sense of nationhood? Contrary to the Lugardian ratiocination suggesting that unity is a physical, geographic thing, the fact is that it is a psychological and spiritual thing. Any deep thinker knows the ethereal rules the real in the same way the spiritual rules the physical and the intangible rules the tangible. Until the nation becomes the mathematical locus of attention and the steely core and substance of our being and existence, ethnic nationalities will continue to offer cultural and psychosocial affinities for groups to bond and coalesce.

    Sanusi and many northern leaders, including the Sultan of Sokoto, Alhaji Sa’ad Abubakar, have suggested corrupt leadership and poverty predisposed the North to the violence and lawlessness it is witnessing today. The real problem is much more nuanced, as this column has sought many times to clarify. A leadership is first weak before it is corrupt. More, the breakdown being witnessed in the North is a function of the weakness of its binding symbols. Politics no longer offers that bond around which a sense of northern identity could coalesce; nor, sadly, does religion offer safe anchor, for this too has been deeply corrupted and its sinews corroded by years of abysmal politicisation and reckless exploitation.

    No society can cohere without a substance or a person around which to coalesce. Once a society loses its inner core, its soul or its mind, it will begin to fracture badly. The remnant sense of northernerness which the people of the North still have today was partly a creation of the Sardauna of Sokoto, Sir Ahmadu Bello, as it was a creation, in a different sense and under a different era, of Uthman dan Fodio. There must always be something or someone to give a society its sense of being or drive. Modern analysts, like US President Barack Obama during his visit to Ghana, talk of creating strong institutions rather than strong personalities in order for stability and peace to be engendered. This is only true when that society is already driven by persons or sets of values that propel it into greatness and competitiveness. Except during occasional periods in their histories when they require strong personalities, many Western societies have sets of values and lodestars to propel them into greatness. Nigeria does not have either a set of lofty values or even the strongmen to give the country form and substance.

    Since amalgamation, the Sardauna was the first and the last to play that role for the North; Chief Obafemi Awolowo for the West; and Dim Chukwuemeka Ojukwu, more than the great Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, as I have argued in this place before, for the East. In the absence of these eminent men, their societies will need a set of values, religious codes, and cultural templates to make their societies cohere. The denudation of these values and codes and templates, which in the case of Nigeria are at different stages, much more than poverty, predispose societies to anomie. Indeed, what make Nigeria to maintain a semblance of stability are the socio-cultural organisations which Sanusi deprecates. The groups have been corrupted, as the CBN governor notes, and religions attenuated by the anthropomorphism of our various cultural antecedents, but they still have their uses.

    We can discern from the imprecise thoughts of Mallam Sanusi the salient message that our society is endangered by many factors. My opinion is that that danger comes principally from a lack of knowledge. We must strive to understand what ails us first before we find the panaceas. There is no competent national leadership that understands what must be done, and the regions are decaying into anarchy and unraveling into fragments depending on what stages of leadership failure or value attenuation they are. Mr Obama speaks of strong institutions. But he speaks only about a minute part of the truth. After all, Richard Kagan, Paul Wolfowitz and the neo-conservatives could not have designed the failed New American Century project if they did not have a sense of America’s manifest destiny (Global leadership anchored on military strength and moral clarity). What is ours? Through their prisms, the Southwest was reminded of its sense of being by Awo, the North by Sardauna, and the East by Zik/Ojukwu. Who has tried to define for Nigerians who they are, what the Nigerian dream is, and what its manifest destiny should look like? If this definition had been made, it is doubtful whether any rational leader, let alone a sensible historian, would suggest that, of all things, we should be celebrating the centenary of Lugard’s amalgamation.