Tag: WHO

  • WHO supports Cape Verde in managing Zika Virus

    WHO supports Cape Verde in managing Zika Virus

    Responding to a request from the Ministry of Health in Cape Verde, the UN World Health Organisation (WHO) is sending a team to the country with joint participation of experts from WHO AFRO and the Institute Pasteur, Dakar.

    A statement issued by WHO on Monday said that the number of cases of Zika in Cape Verde was declining.

    It will be recalled that the ministry had on March 15, announced the first case of microcephaly.

    It said that investigations were underway to determine if this case of microcephaly was linked to Cape Verde’s outbreak of Zika virus.

    Among the 7,490 suspected cases of Zika virus reported between Oct. 21, 2015, and March 6, 165 involve pregnant women, from which 44 women have already delivered without any complications or abnormalities.

    Between Feb. 29 and March 6, 33 suspected cases of Zika were registered in Cape Verde, in Santiago Island and São Filipe municipality.

    The statement said that there had been no circulation of the Zika virus on the islands of Sal, São Vicente, Santo Antão, São Nicolau and Brava.

    It said that there have been no cases reported on the islands of Boa Vista and Maio since mid-February.

    It said that the team included epidemiologists, laboratory experts, maternal health specialists and communication staff who would collaborate with the ministry to evaluate the reported case of microcephaly and gain a better understanding of the dynamics of the outbreak and its impact.

    It will also identify potential remaining gaps and to support the country’s response and investigations.

    “The team will be building on the work already underway by the health authorities in the country,” WHO said.

     

  • First Zika vaccine trials may come too late for Brazil – WHO

    First Zika vaccine trials may come too late for Brazil – WHO

    The World Health Organisation (WHO) has said the first tests of Zika vaccines on humans are expected to start only at the end of the year.

    The health agency noted that it would therefore not be able to help fight the current outbreak in Brazil.

    WHO’s Chief Innovation Officer, Marie-Paule Kieny, said the agency convened international experts in Geneva to discuss strategies to develop the right vaccine and diagnostic tools, as well as methods to fight mosquitoes.

    WHO has made it an urgent task to drive this research forward because of strong indications that the virus causes neurological defects in unborn babies.

    “There are currently 18 research projects on vaccines against the virus, which usually causes only mild flu symptoms.

    “The most advanced of them are still a few months away from first human clinical trials.

    “They might come too late for the current outbreak in Brazil,’’ Kieny said.

    Brazil has had the largest share of infections amid the outbreak in Latin America.

    Brazilian authorities have estimated up to 1.5 million infections, but they have stopped counting due to the rapid spread of the virus.

    The virus is mostly transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which also spread very similar viruses including the one that causes dengue fever.

    “However, insecticides have not had a significant impact on dengue transmission and might therefore also not help against Zika,’’ WHO cautioned.

    Kieny said that Aedes aegypti is the cockroach of mosquitoes.

    Latin American countries are considering alternative techniques, such as sterilising insects in laboratories, infecting them with certain bacteria, or using genetic engineering.

    WHO said that extreme rigour was needed for evaluating such novel tools.

    According to WHO, developing a medicine against Zika is not a priority because it would be difficult to test new products on pregnant women.

  • Zika outbreak will worsen before it gets better – WHO

    Zika outbreak will worsen before it gets better – WHO

    The Director-General, World Head Organisation (WHO), Margaret Chan, has warned that Zika outbreak would likely worsen before nations infected by the mosquito-borne virus get some relief.

    She made the statement on Thursday in Rio de Janeiro at the end of her two-day visit to Brazil, the country at the epicentre of the Zika crisis.

    “Things may get worse before they get better.

    “Don’t be surprised to see microcephaly reported in other parts of Brazil,” she said.

    Chan said that though the outbreak of Zika virus had been concentrated in the northeastern part of Brazil, there is possibility of it spreading to other parts of the country.

    Much remains unknown about Zika, including whether the virus actually causes microcephaly, (a condition marked by unusually small heads of the offspring of women affected by the disease that could result in developmental problems).

    Chan said that scientists were still working to determine the relationship between the virus and the birth defect.

    She said that Brazil had confirmed more than 580 cases of microcephaly, and considers most of them to be related to Zika infections in the mothers.

    “Brazil is investigating more than 4,100 additional suspected cases of microcephaly,’’ she said.

    The D-G said that after Brazil, Colombia had been hardest hit by Zika infections with the country’s health officials reporting a probable case of microcephaly possibly linked to Zika in an aborted fetus.

    She said that Colombia had reported more than 37,000 cases of Zika including 6,356 in pregnant women, but was yet to have a confirmed microcephaly case linked to the virus.

    “At least 34 countries, mostly in the Americas, have active Zika outbreaks and the virus is expected to spread,’’ she said.

    Chan said that WHO declared the outbreak an international health emergency on Feb. 1, and cited “strongly suspected” relationship between Zika infection in pregnancy and microcephaly.

    She said that scientists were also studying a potential link between Zika infection and Guillain-Barre, a rare neurological disorder that could weaken the muscles and cause paralysis.

  • Riders for health

    Riders for health


    There is no denial that the World Health Organisation (WHO), the United Nations (UN) and many other non‐governmental organisations (NGOs) as well as various parastatals have engaged in endless struggles to provide health care for mothers and children across less privileged communities in Africa.

    Interestingly, the more these health organisations make efforts, the less it seems they are doing greatly in reducing maternal and child mortality, thus, the need for ‘Riders for Health’.

    According to United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) reports in 2014, Nigeria loses about 2, 300 of her under‐five year old children per day, which is approximately 839,500 children in a year.

    The same report has it that 145 pregnant women reportedly die either at child birth or after child birth per day. And this amounts to 52, 925 women per year.

    Given this statistics, Nigeria ‐ like many other African countries – ranks high as one of the countries with large contribution to the under‐five and maternal mortality rates in the world.

    Worthy of mention here is the fact that many of these deaths could be prevented if aid gets to those who need them, regardless of their locations – rural or urban settlement.

    It is largely true that the coverage and quality of health care service delivered to communities that are at the outskirts or in far rural areas has continued to fail both women and children in Nigeria. Thus, the need to introduce a project called: ‘Riders for Health’.

    ‘Riders for Health’ is an international social enterprise that strives to manage and maintain vehicles for health‐focused partners in sub‐Saharan Africa with the view of delivering health care services to communities far from cities.

    The expertise to be put in place by this project in transport management will enable health workers deliver vital health care to rural communities on a reliable and cost‐effective basis.

    The need for Riders for health became pertinent considering the challenges faced by health care givers in reaching communities that are far removed from urban settlements.

    What this means is that, not only that those members of communities that are far from cities often struggle in vain to get health care, even health care workers likewise struggle in a bid to save affected Riders for Health employs the use of every form of motor‐vehicles to deliver health care facilities as well as move health care givers to concerned communities.

    Among the motor‐vehicles that would be employed by this project include motorcycles, ambulances and other four‐wheel vehicles used in the delivery of health care in seven countries across Africa.

    These countries include Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Zambia, Nigeria, Zimbabwe and The Gambia.

    The project is in collaboration with ministries of health, international and African NGOs, private‐sector organisations, local community‐based organisations and religious groups, to improve access to health care,

    Furthermore, it is important to note here that the project has the capacity to take care of an estimated 14 million people across the seven African countries mentioned above.

    For example, one single motor‐vehicle plus one rider has the capacity to cover 56.7 kilometers and beyond within a month covering a total of 5.1 million people.

    At the core of this community‐focused project is both training and preventive vehicle maintenance. The essence for running reliable vehicle fleets cannot be separated from the need to ensure that the chain in health care delivery is never broken by failing vehicles thereby increasing health workers’

    The same way, prevention is better than cure in human health, so is maintenance better than repair for automobiles, hence the need for constant maintenance, which is also cheaper to keep a vehicle running efficiently over time than to repair it when it breaks down completely.

    The programmes have been designed to provide training and employment opportunities to build local  a project focusing on human health, the service of highly skilled technicians becomes vital to regularly travel to service vehicles in the communities in which health workers serve.

    In addition to training health workers to drive safely in the difficult terrain, there would also be training for them on how to carry out daily checks on their vehicles.

    It worthy of note to mention that majority of the population of sub‐Saharan Africans live in rural areas where the best roads are little more than dirt tracks.

    Public transport is infrequent and delivering health care on foot or by bicycle between sparse villages is an exhausting and ineffective task.

    Simply put, without reliable transportation system, the millions of pounds invested in vaccines, drugs, bed‐nets, condoms and to train health professionals every year will be wasted because they will fail to get to where they are needed on time.

    There is therefore every reason for this project to achieve the set goal in order to have a safe and healthy world.

  • China confirms first case of Zika virus

    China confirms first case of Zika virus

    China has confirmed its first case of the Zika virus in a man who had recently traveled to South America.

    Hong Kong’s Department of Health, said on Wednesday in a statement in Beijing that the infected Chinese man had travelled to Venezuela and displayed symptoms including a fever, headache and dizziness on Jan. 28.

    The statement said the man returned home on Feb. 5, via Hong Kong and Shenzhen.

    It disclosed that the infected man had been quarantined at a hospital in his hometown since Feb. 6, adding that he was recovering with normal body temperature and a fading rash.

    It added that the Hong Kong’s Port Health Office had stepped up inspections at the airport, in response and reinforced training for boundary control inspectors.

    It, however, said no cases of the virus in Hong Kong had been reported, so far.

    The statement said further that there was a risk that Zika virus could be spread locally if it was introduced to Hong Kong, because Aedes Albopictus mosquitoes, which transmit the virus, live there.

    Meanwhile, Ko Wing-man, Hong Kong Secretary for Food and Health, told reporters that the bureau was seeking details of the man’s travel history, from the mainland authorities because he had transited through the city.

    He said the risk of contracting the virus through human contact was low, so the bureau was not worried about the spread of the illness in Hong Kong.

    Wing-man said even at that, the authorities were monitoring the situation closely.

    Zika has spread quickly in South and Central America and the Caribbean, with Brazil the worst affected country.

    The World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared an international health emergency on Feb. 1 over the virus, citing concern over a possible link with a rise in cases of microcephaly.

    Microcephaly is a birth defect characterised by an abnormally small head that can result in developmental problems.

    Most infected people have no symptoms or mild ones including fever and skin rashes.

     

  • Zika outbreak: UN warns against laws restricting pregnancy

    Zika outbreak: UN warns against laws restricting pregnancy

    The United Nations (UN) has called for the repeal of laws and policies that restrict access to sexual and reproductive health services in contravention of international standards.

    The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Zeid Al Hussein, disclosed this in a statement made available to newsmen on Friday in New York.

    The statement said that the UN position was in response to advice to women by some governments to delay getting pregnant due to the possible link between the rampaging Zika virus and neurological disorders affecting newborns.

    According to the statement, upholding women’s human rights was essential if the response to the Zika health emergency would be effective.

    “Clearly, managing the spread of Zika is a major challenge to governments in Latin America.

    “However, the advice of some governments to women to delay getting pregnant ignores the reality that many women and girls simply cannot exercise control over when they become pregnant.

    “The circumstance is made more difficult in environment where sexual violence is so common,’’ the statement said.

    The statement noted that “in situations where sexual violence is rampant and sexual and reproductive health services are unavailable, efforts to halt Zika crisis will not be enhanced by stopping women from getting pregnant’’.

    The statement stressed that, amid the continuing spread of the virus, authorities must ensure that their public health responses were pursued in conformity with human health-related rights obligations.

    “Upholding human rights is essential to an effective public health response.
    “This requires that governments ensure that women, men and adolescents have access to comprehensive and affordable quality sexual and reproductive health services and information, without discrimination.

    “Health services must be delivered in a way that ensures the woman’s informed consent, respect for her dignity and the guarantee of her privacy.

    “Laws and policies that restrict her access to these services must be urgently reviewed in line with human rights obligations in order to ensure the right to health for all in practice,’’ it stated.

    The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared a public health emergency on the spread of the virus.

    The Organisation had said that causative link between Zika and microcephaly – babies born with abnormally small heads and underdeveloped brain- and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (a neurological condition), is still under investigation.

  • Brazil denies withholding Zika virus samples

    Brazilian Health Ministry on Friday denied withholding Zika virus samples, saying it was willing to share related samples and information with foreign institutions that hope to study the virus.

    Concerns over the Zika virus skyrocketed when a casual relationship between Zika infection during pregnancy and the birth defect microcephaly is strongly suspected, though not yet scientifically proven.

    The Zika virus was first identified in Uganda in 1947 and subsequently spread to parts of Asia.

    Brazil’s first case was recorded in the middle of last year, and the disease quickly spread across the country and to more than 20 nations in the region, the Caribbean and beyond, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare an international emergency.

    Representatives of the U.S. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), have been conducting research on the Zika virus along with local experts in Brazil since the country reported Zika infection cases, according to the ministry.

    They also carried out fieldwork to investigate the Guillain-Barre Syndrome, a rapid onset of muscle weakness caused by damage to the peripheral nervous system and its relation with the Zika virus.

    Brazil also saw a rise in Guillain-Barre syndrome among people previously infected with the Zika virus, the ministry said.

    Last week, Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff and her U.S. counterpart, Barack Obama, talked about jointly developing a vaccine against Zika.

    Representatives of major public health institutions of the two countries will meet later this month to discuss the issue, the report said.

  • Africa, Asia vulnerable to spread of Zika – WHO

    The Zika virus linked to a microcephaly outbreak in Latin America could spread to Africa and Asia, with the world’s highest birth rates, the World Health Organization warned as it launched a global response unit against the new emergency.

    The WHO on Monday declared an international public health emergency due to Zika’s link to thousands of recent birth defects in Brazil.

    “We’ve now set up a global response unit which brings together all people across WHO, in headquarters, in the regions, to deal with a formal response using all the lessons we’ve learned from the Ebola crisis,” Reuters quoted  Anthony Costello, WHO director for maternal, child and adolescent health, as saying on the issue.

    “The reason it’s a global concern is that we are worried that this could also spread back to other areas of the world where the population may not be immune,” he told a news conference in Geneva on Tuesday.

    “And we know that the mosquitos that carry Zika virus – if that association is confirmed – are present through Africa, parts of southern Europe and many parts of Asia, particularly South Asia.”

    Costello added the WHO was drafting “good guidelines” for pregnant women and mustering experts to work on a definition of microcephaly including a standardised measurement of baby heads.

     

  • WHO declares Zika virus as international emergency

    The World Health Organization on Monday declared the mosquito-borne Zika virus an international public health emergency due to its link to thousands of birth defects in Brazil.

    WHO Director-General, Margaret Chan , told journalists that coordinated international action was needed to improve detection and expedite work on a vaccine and better diagnostics for the disease, but said curbs on travel or trade were not necessary.

    Chan, whose agency was assailed as too slow in reacting to West Africa’s Ebola epidemic that killed more than 10,000 people in the past two years, cited “first and foremost the big concern about microcephaly,” the birth defect that causes babies to be born with abnormally small heads and improperly developed brains.

    She noted that it was “strongly suspected but not yet scientifically proven” that Zika causes microcephaly, Reuters reported.

  • Zika virus: FG issues travel restirction to Latin America

    Zika virus: FG issues travel restirction to Latin America

    * Says No case of the virus in the country

    The Federal Government has issued a travel restriction to Latin America following the outbreak of Zika virus infection in the region.

    The travel restriction, especially by pregnant women will be on until situation improves, the government stated.

    The World Health Organisation (WHO) has raised a global alert because the disease has affected about 23 countries in Americas especially in Latin America.

    At the moment, there is no cure or vaccine for Zika virus infection.

    Zika virus infection was first discovered in Brazil in 2014. The virus is transmitted by a bite of mosquito vector.

    The manifestation of Zika virus infection include: mild fever, rash (mostly maculo-papular), headaches, joint pain (arthralgia), muscle pain (myalgia), loss of weight (asthenia), and non-purulent conjunctivitis.

    The virus is also associated with higher risk of congenital malformations in newborn when pregnant women are affected. The diseases usually occur about three (3) to twelve (12) days after the mosquito vector bite.

    Minister of Health, Prof. Isaac Adewole who announced the travel advice, also called for closer monitoring and screening at various ports of entry, especially with recent travel history to Latin America.

    According to a press statement signed by Mrs. Boade Akinola, Director, Media and Public Relations, Ministry of Health, Prof. Adewole also directed Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC) to include Zika virus diagnosis as part of ongoing effort to manage Lassa fever outbreak in the country.

    The  minister further assured Nigerian that there is no single case of Zika virus infection in the country and there is no need to panic, stressing that the Federal Ministry of Health will continue to monitor the situation and update Nigerians of any other developments.