The Nation Newspaper

Category: Energy

  • NCDMB in talks with oil firms on contract processing

    NCDMB in talks with oil firms on contract processing

    Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board,(NCDMB) and other stakehholders in the value chain are discussing how to improve ways contracts are processed.

    The Board said it was meeting agencies involved in contracts processing, among others, to achieve the goal.

    NCDMB’s Executive Secretary Simbi Wabote said the agencies needed to improve their internal mechanisms, before they could improve methods of processing contracts in the oil and gas sector.

    He said the initiative would help in meeting deadline for processing contracts by the  petroleum industry.

    Wabote, who spoke at a stakeholders’ forum in Lagos recently, said the Board would help in providing capacity for infrastructure, manufacturing, procurement and others, that are vital to the growth of the oil and gas sector  and the economy.

    He  said NCDMB  was working to know and close the skills gap, by partnering with investors.

    He said the Board has been positioned to review contracts within 100days, provided the documents submitted are in line with the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development (NOGICG) Act.

    Through the intervention, he said the Board had over 1,500 trainees attached to oil and gas projects, trained 100 and 500 people in geosciences and environmental remediation, captured over 7,000 candidates in its JQS platform.

    He said under the new strategy, beneficiaries would be provided with skills and certifications needed for employment in Nigerian and beyond.

    According to him, the board has what it describes as 60-20-20 principle in place, adding that through the principle, 60 per cent of its training resources are devoted to young Nigerians to assist them in securing employment; 20 per cent chanelled towards improving productivity, while another 20 per cent  is devoted for  trainings on softwares.

    On capacity building, he said NCDMB has met the international oil companies (IOC’s)standard and the service providers on the issue.

     

  • ‘Nigeria saves $7b from local content law application’

    The Local Content Act signed into law in  2010 have begun to yeild fruits  as over $7 billion has accrued to the nation’s treasury since the implementation of the Act and the oil industry has become more viable, the Oil and Gas Trainers’ Association of Nigeria (OGTAN) President, Dr. Mayowa Afe, has said.

    Because of the increased participation of Nigerians in the oil and gas industry, he said, following the enactment of the local content, the nation was able to save the said sum of money in the last seven years of the existence of the Act’s implementation through retention of value in-country.

    Afe explained that before the introduction of the local content law, the country was spending about $20 billion yearly in the industry, which did not reflect on the industry. Nevertheless, we can now categorically say from the data that was released by the Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board (NCDMB), that over $5billion is being retained in the country.

    He said: “We are already making a lot of progress. We saved nothing less than $7billion through the local content just by signing the local content bill into law.”

    He also said the government was committed to attaining 70 per cent indigenous capacity by 2020, adding that one good thing that has happened to the oil and gas industry was signing into law of the local content bill.

    Afe, who spoke with The Nation on telephone assured that Nigeria would soon attain 90 per cent capacity and that indigenous players would take the centre stage in the nation’s oil and gas industry operations as obtainable in Brazil.

    On training, Afe reassured of the association’s commitment to projecting indigenous trainers, adding that the association would not relent in projecting them and to let Nigerians understand that we don’t need to go abroad for trainers.

    “We do don’t have to spend dollars to train people in America and other countries of the world. We need these trainings here in Nigeria and we need to really patronise the trainers,” he said.

    The association would also ensure that the local trainers acquired more global certification, and train more Nigerians in courses that could be globally accepted so that Nigerians can go and work in other parts of the world where oil and gas had been discovered.

    “When we have such solid certification, Nigerians can go and work in other parts of the world including the African countries where we already have oil and gas,” he added.

    As part of plans to achieve this, the association said it was  engaging stakeholders, including the Ministry of Petroleum Resources, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and all the International Oil Companies (IOCs), adding its noteds to let them know the quality of capacity we have in country.

    “We have already made it known to them that there were a lot of fabrication yards in Nigeria, so they don’t need to go and do all the fabrications of floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels outside the country,” Afe said, adding that before the end of the second quarter of the year, we would see the first FPSO built by Samsung here in Nigeria.

    “So, we really need to let them (IOCs) know the capacity and capabilities we have in-country. We will begin to expose our people. We should be able to patronise them and from there we would begin to sponsor our people to participate in trade shows and expose the quality of people we have in-country,” he added.

    The Executive Secretary, NCDMB, who Simbi Wabote spoke at the inauguration of the new national executives of OGTAN, charged them and other members to develop a minimum standard for training facilities for their members such that trainees would learn in a very conducive and safe environment.

    He said the training programmes must lead to internationally recognised certification such that trainees could use it for gainful employment. He advised the Association to embark on creating an effective marketing strategy for the courses they offer, adding that the courses should also come with appropriate mix of classroom, online, practical, and other forms of learning formats so that the trainees could come off with a worthwhile learning experience.

  • How to make power sector work, by ANED

    The Federal Government’s efforts to improve power generation and supply may remain an illusion until it puts in place a consistent regulatory framework and effective tariff mechanism, the Director, Research and Planning, Association of Nigerian Electricity Distributors (ANED), Mr. Sunday Oduntan, has said.

    Speaking on a national television programme in Lagos, he said the Power, Works and Housing Minister, Babatunde Fashola, was pushing for incremental power generation in the sector, but expressed worry that the idea would face tariff and regulatory problems.

    He said the increase in tariffs by the government was causing problems, adding that there would even be more problems when the government implemented its incremental power from other sources of power generation, such as solar because it would be difficult to fix the tariff.

    Oduntan said: “The problem is not how and what method was used in generating electricity but the regulatory inconsistency.  If we look at solar energy as a source of generating power, and the tariff imposed on consumers is not right, there would be problem. It is the people that are making policies that made power supply impossible. The Ministries, Departments and Agencies(MDAs) have not paid debts owed power firms because there is no strong regulatory programme in place.’’

    He said the inability of the Federal Government to fully privatise the power was the major problem facing the industry and not shortage of gas.

    He said though the sector is experiencing gas shortage, which has resulted in poor generation and supply of electricity, its major problem is faulty privatisation in which a segment of the industry was sold to the private investors while another segment was left unsold.

    He said the Federal Government through the Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE) unbundled and sold assets of Power Holding Company of Nigeria (PHCN) to private investors and left the transmission arm of the power sector unprivatised.

    Oduntan said privatisation has created problems in the sector because it was not holistic. He said problems, such as obsolete transmission equipment and its attendant collapse of the national grid would not have arisen if the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN) was privatised.

    He said when the power generation companies (GenCos) generate power,TCN was confronted with the problem of evacuating power to the areas where it is needed.

    Oduntan said the inability of the Federal Government to invest in TCN over the years, has resulted in   equipment decay and the consequent collapse of the national grid.

    He said Sagamu and Ayobo in Ogun and Lagos states were facing transmission problems because of obsolete equipment, adding that the Sagamu Transmission Station built in 1979 is unable to transmit power to Sagamu and other towns around it.

    ‘’If the government had invested in TCN and also allowed it to be privatised, the story would have been different in the sector. Now, the government wants to centrally control the account of the power distribution companies (DisCos). When the government has put private enterprises in place and still wants to control the account of the entities it privatised or left a critical segment like transmission unprivatised, that is what you get. I cannot imagine the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) controlling account of a branch of FirstBank of Nigeria Plc in Enugu.

    He said operators at the generation, distribution and transmission, the three key value chain, and the Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading (NBET) need to work together to promote the growth of the power sector.

    Oduntan said the privatisation  of the telecom and the power sector is not the same because they do not follow the same process. He said the telecom industry was able to record speedy growth, because it does not have infrastructural problems unlike the power sector.

  • Nigeria can become global gas giant, says NLNG

    Nigeria can become global gas giant, says NLNG

    The Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Nigeria Liquefied Natural Gas Limited (NLNG), Tony Attah, said Nigeria can be a top gas producing country, with a potential to increase its LNG market share.

    He spoke during the public presentation of the company’s facts and figures in Lagos.

    For that transformation to be, Attah said the right business environment needed to exist. He referred to the proposed amendment of the NLNG Act by the National Assembly, which he said, would jeopardise the aspirations of making Nigeria global gas leader.

    He said: “The Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG) Fiscal Incentives Guarantees and Assurances Act (NLNG Act) allowed investments to flow into the country. It provided investors the confidence that any agreement entered into would be respected and preserved. To amend the Act will not help Nigeria in developing its vast gas resources, NLNG and its hopes for expansion. It will erode investors’confidence that the Act provided in the first place.”

    Attah said opportunities, such as the expansion of NLNG’s Bonny Island Plant with Trains 7 and 8, could be a catalyst to unleashing the country’s gas potentials.

    He said it was time for Nigeria to use gas to spur industrial and economic transformation. He, however, warned that some challenges might slow down progress towards achieving the country’s dreams, citing the proposed amendment of the Nigeria LNG Limited (NLNG) Fiscal Incentives, Guarantees and Assurances Act (NLNG Act) by the House of Representatives as a potential show-stopper.

    “If the amendment is passed, the NLNG expansion project will be jeopardised and Nigeria will lose investments of US$ 1-3billion annually in the Upstream to enable NLNG maintain production capacity and gas developments. It means an immediate loss of foreign investment totalling US$25 billion in respect of Train 7 and 8 investments. Another impact will be the potential loss of about 18,000 jobs required for the construction activities of the Trains.

    “An amendment or change in the NLNG Act portrays Nigeria as a promise-breaker and untrustworthy, damaging the country’s reputation and hamstringing its ability to attract foreign investment,” he added.

    Attah cited Oatar’s journey into becoming a global gas giant. He said:  “Qatar started to ship LNG in 1997, two years before Nigeria. But you have to be awed by what the country has achieved since then. Today, oil and gas, and principally LNG, is the foundation of Qatar’s economy; and account for more than 70 per cent of total government revenue, and more than 60 per cent of GDP, as well as roughly 85 per cent of export earnings.

    “Qatar has LNG capacity of about 77metric tones per annum (MTPA), and generates revenues of about $91 billion per year. Gas was the catalyst for transformation of a small emirate to a global economic powerhouse. This will give you a feeling of what can happen when you focus on gas.”

    LNG, Attah said, contributed to reducing gas flaring from 65 per cent to less than 20 per cent, adding that all the benefits from Nigeria LNG, including financial contributions, among others, would be in jeopardy with the proposed amendment by the National Assembly, he said.

  • Dons to Fed Govt: reduce oil losses

    Nigeria will not only  lose its top oil producing position on thec ontinent to Angola but will also find it difficult to meet its budgetary expenditure if the militant attacks which led to the shut-downs of its oil facilities continue, experts have said.

    They are Dr Adedayo Ayoade, Senior Lecturer, Energy Law, University of Lagos and Prof Adeola Akinnisju, an energy economist at the University of Ibadan.

    According to them, Angola has maintained a daily crude oil production of 1.672 million barrels per day (bpd), while Nigeria’s figure fell by 156,900 barrels per day to 1.269million bpd in March, from 1.426mbpd recorded last February.  Consequently, the country lost its status as Africa’s top oil producer to Angola, according to the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

    Ayoade said the loss of Africa’s number one spot to Angola by the country is not the problem, but that its ability to generate enough revenue for improved economic activities.

    He said the country has lost N83billion as reported by the media, adding that the economy would be in jeopardy if the trend continued. He said the Federal Government was finding it difficult to meet its budget proposal, due to fall in the international prices of crude oil, arguing the country would experience a dip in revenue in the event that the fall in oil output persists.

    Ayoade said: “The price of oil picked at $57 per barrel. When that happened, Nigerians were elated as well as believing that problems such as low revenue and its attendant impact on the economy would end soon. We should forget the loss of top position to Angola and focus on how to boost production to generate more revenues and further meet our fiscal needs.’’

    He said the loss in Africa’s top spot to Angola was a wakeup call for the industry to redouble its efforts, through production of crude oil, urging the Federal Government to provide a more conducive environment to enable operators to produce more oil and drill new wells.

    This, he said, the indigenous oil exploration and production companies and the International Oil Companies (IOCs) could only play well when the disruptions caused by militants in the region is minimised.

    Also, Akinnisiju said the reduction in crude oil production would lead to a corresponding decrease in revenue accruable to the Federal Government and by extension the external reserves.

    He urged oil firms to increase production to bring the much- needed growth to themselves and the country.

  • Nigerdock Academy rebrands

    To enhance Nigeria’s local capacity in the energy sector, Nigerdock has rebranded itsTraining and Development Academy.

    Representatives of the Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board (NCDMB), Oil and Gas Trainers Association of Nigeria (OGTAN), Nigerian Institute of Welding (NIW), International Oil and Gas Companies (IOCs) as well as business partners, graced the occasion. They commended Nigerdock for its efforts to bolster local content and put the country on the global map in complex oil and gas projects delivery.

    Unveiling the new academy known as Nigerdock Training Centre, the Group Corporate Affairs Director, Jagal, Joy Okebalama, noted that by rebranding the centre, the company will be able to replicate its excellent quality footprints in the industry. It will also be able to increase its accreditation, enable partnerships with relevant public and private organisations, arm the youth with skills for employment and life and will, ultimately, be franchised across the country to offer internationally accredited qualifications in various disciplines.

    She recalled the centre recorded a landmark in 2012, when it was adjudged most suitable for developing training programmes in various skills lacking in the oil and gas sector on the back of the Chevron DSO Project in the country.

    A  globally recognised centre,the academy has been training tradesmen and professionals for over three decades, recording over 6,000 trainees in various skills. They include project management, quality assurance, occupational health and safety, welding, fitting, painting and coating, machining, lifting, rigging and scaffolding.

  • Okoh takes over as BPE chief

    Okoh takes over as BPE chief

    The new Director-General (DG) of the Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE), Mr. Alex Okoh, has assumed duties with a pledge to ensure that privatised enterprises service Nigerians well.

    In a statement by the Bureau’s Head, Public Communications, Alex Erons Okoh, the DG noted that the handover held at a brief ceremony attended by the management team of the BPE at his conference room.

    According to Okoh, the new helmsman urged the workers to be dedicated to duty to achieve the desired goal. The BPE chief said his administration would work to sustain the positive image of the Bureau and change the negative perception held by some  about the BPE.

    Okoh promised to step up the bureau’s post-privatisation monitoring to ensure that owners of privatised enterprises live up to the deals they signed with the Bureau so that Nigerians could derive maximum benefits from the privatised enterprises.

    He thanked the former acting Director-General of the Bureau, Dr. Vincent Onome Akpotaire, for piloting the affairs of the Bureau in the last 14 months and called for synergy during the transition.

    Akpotaire said given his background as a seasoned administrator, the management and staff of the Bureau were confident that he would succeed in his new assignment and give the Bureau a new lease of life.

    On their part, members of the management team pledged to cooperate with the new DG to take the Bureau to greater heights.

    They later conducted him round the offices where he familiarised with the workers.

    Before his appointment, Okoh was the Managing Partner of Ashford & McGuire Consulting Limited, and a member of the Presidential Economic Advisory Council. He has 32 years experience, 22 of which were in  banking, where his responsibilities involved general management, leadership and organisational development.

    He was the Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of NNB International Bank Plc from 2001 to 2006 where he took the bank from a comatose state to a position of enhanced value for stakeholders.

    He studied Sociology at the University of Benin and holds a Master’s in Banking & Finance from the University of Ibadan. Also a graduate of Harvard Business School’s Advanced Management Programme, he has acquired international working exposure through programmes with Citibank New York, Fidelity Bank London, Swiss Banking Corporation, Zurich and Grindlays Bank, Zimbabwe. He worked for Nigeria International Bank Limited (Citibank) and United Bank for Africa Plc.

  • BEDC tackles low supply, estimated billing

    Benin Electricity Distribution Plc (BEDC) has resolved about 128,000 issues  on low supply and bill estimation, its Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer, Mrs. Funke Osibodu, has said.

    She made this known tduring the inauguration of the company’s Asaba Customer Complaints Forum Office in Delta State.

    She said the office opening would re-invigorate BEDC’s commitment to improve customer service standard in Delta, despite the challenges confronting distribution companies (DisCos).

    Among the challenges, she said, were low power generation to the grid, metering gaps, transmission limitations, low payment culture and vandalisation of power infrastructure.

    “The power sector is a value chain comprising generation, transmission, distribution and ultimately the customer utilisation. This implies a string of interdependency among the four tiers. While the customer is king, he must pay for services rendered to him to ensure that the entire value chain continues to provide good service,” she said.

    Mrs Osibodu, represented by the Executive Director, Commercial, Abu Ejoor, added that as part of efforts at resolving complaints on estimated billing and to assist customer self-manage and regulate their electricity consumption, BEDC has also introduced the billing calculator format.

    This, she explained, is for customers to estimate their billing from consumption, adding that with it customers could calculate the installed electrical load in their premises with available power supplied and use same to crosscheck the billing as well as manage the use of appliances that consume heavy load.

    The Commissioner, Consumer Affairs, Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC), Dr Moses Arigu, said the opening of the  Forum office could not have come at a better time when customers within the BEDC network were facing several challenges, including safety issues, disconnection of communities, and estimated billing issues.

    Arigu noted that though BEDC holds a 30 per cent deficit in metering, the implementation of its meter roll out plan with the performance agreement would inject an average of about 100,000 meters yearly over the next five years, thereby closing the gap in the next three years based on the roll out plan.

    He confirmed that the Commission has wound down the Credited Advance Payment for Metering Implementation (CAPMI) programme, assuring that efforts were being made to ensure that the pace of metering continues using other schemes currently being reviewed.

    He congratulated the newly appointed forum members, including Oghene-Ovie Ukochovwera representing Nigeria Society of Engineers (NSE), Abraham Ifode from Consumer Protection Council (CPC), Mr. Solomon Ejenavi Akperiojire from the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN), Mr. Peter Okolie of Nigerian Association of Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Mines and Agriculture (NACCIMA) and Mr. Ugochukwu Santino Ozah from the non-governmental organisation (NGO) sub -sector. He asked them to approach their tasks with equity and patriotism.

    Delta State Commissioner for Energy, Newworld Safugha, who represented the Delta State Governor, Dr Ifeanyi Okowa and Senator James Manager, Chairman, Senate Committee on Solid Minerals, said the danger of illegal connections and overbilling were of concern to the government, urging the forum to address them.

  • ‘10,000Gw needed to achieve energy sufficiency’

    ‘10,000Gw needed to achieve energy sufficiency’

    Nigeria requires over 10,000 gigawatts (Gw) of electricity to achieve energy sufficiency and improve its economy, experts have said.

    The experts included the former Executive Director, National Integrated Power Project (NIPP), Dr Albert Okorogu and the Chairman, Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Nigeria Council, Dr. Saka Matemilola.

    They said the 10,000Gw of electricity was achievable if thev Federal Government could provide infrastructure, adding that developed economies such as Japan, United States, China, and others put adequate infrastructure in place before they could deliver huge quantum of electricity.

    Okorogu said infrastructure was the major problem of the electricity sector, adding that efforts made to solve the problem have yielded little or no results. He said pipeline needed for the evacuation of gas from producers to turbines should be adequate and counter-proof to forestall attacks.

    He said inability of the power firms to access gas for operation has resulted in poor generation and supply of electricity. He noted that the Federal Government established NIPP to enable power plants access gas in the Niger Delta, adding that yet shortage of gas still remained.

    Okorogu decried the losses suffered by power generation companies (GenCos) and gas firms from  blowing of pipelines and other oil and gas facilities by militants.

    The issue, he said, is having cost implications on the two operators as well as the entire sector.

    According to him, a pragmatic approach must be adopted by the Federal Government and stakeholders to solve the problem of infrastructure in the sector. “There is need for the government to provide a strong template that would be used to provide solution to infrastructure problem in the energy sector. Once the template is enduring and guided by rules and regulations, whoever breaks the rules would face the consequence,” he added.

    Also, Matemilola said Nigeria can generate 10,000Gw of electricity if it is ready to do it. He said the country must provide a conducive environment for operators in order to galvanise investments in the sector.

    He said once the right environment is in place in the sector, investors would be able to invest in key infrastructural facilities such as pipelines, turbines and others. “Nigeria can achieve 10,000Gw of electricity if it wants to do it. It’s a modest target and it is achievable considering the vast human and material resources in the country. What we need to do is to put in place all the things that we need to do to achieve the goal. Private investors have the capacity to create investments and the government must not hesitate to invite them in order to grow the sector,” he added.

    He said companies that have left Nigeria for neighbouring countries such as Ghana, Ivory Coast and others, to seek  comparative advantage would come back home when electricity improves, noting that a lot of companies have folded up due to irregular supply of power. He stressed that such companies can be revived when generation picks up. The multiplier effects are many because many people would get jobs to do, he added.

  • $380bs lost to capital flight, says Content Board

    $380bs lost to capital flight, says Content Board

    Nigeria lost about $380 billion to capital flight  before the enactment of the Nigerian Content Law, Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board (NCDMB) Executive Secretary Simbi Wabote has said.

    According to Wabote, before the Law’s coming, fabrication, engineering, and procurement were done abroad, resulting  in the huge cash loss in 50 years.

    About two million jobs were lost during the period.

    According to Wabote, the narratives then were that nothing could be done in the country. Plants and modules fully fabricated offshore together with the technical, and even non-technical, manpower were ‘imported’ into the country without any structure in place to achieve knowledge transfer. The level of Nigerian Content was far less than five per cent.

    The NCDMB chief said with the Nigerian Content Act in place, the country had achieved $5 billion in-country spend as against the $10 billion target at the start of the journey in 2010. He said Nigeria currently has two world class pipe mills and five impressive pipe coating yards, adding that 36 per cent of marine vessels are now owned by Nigerians with four active dry docking facilities in Port Harcourt,  Onne, and Lagos.

    He said over 35,000 jobs had been created on the back of implementation of the Act, while over 7000 had enrolled on NOGIC JQS leading to employment. He stated that the Board is in discussion with an ICT consultant to use the JQS to capture more enrolments.

    According to him, the oil and gas industry content development Act which came into being in 2010 was intended to increase the level of participation of Nigerians and Nigerian companies in the industry. With the Act, the government had established its plan to increase indigenous participation in the industry in terms of human, material and economic resources.

    The implementation of the Act, he said, would considerably change the current business and operating structure in the nation’s oil and gas industry particularly for the international oil service companies.

    Wabote said the board had recorded significant benefits from oil and gas projects and operations for the country, adding there are more indigenous players in the Nigerian oil and gas industry now than any other time before the Act.

    He stated that the Nigerian companies were executing major engineering, procurement, construction and installation (EPCI) projects including integration of FPSO topsides in-country. Again, there is more in-country spend, adding that more Nigerians are taking over technical and senior positions in the international oil companies (IOCs), and are now in the hands of Nigerians.

    Wabote said efforts had also been made in the area of domiciliation of oil and gas equipment manufacturing, adding that a lot more would be achieved when the Board’s proposed Oil and Gas Parks come on stream in the coming year.  “Our strategic outlook is to increase Nigerian Content in-country value retention from current level to 70 per cent within the next 10 years,” he added.

    Under the Act, he said, the Board had developed capacity of local supply chain for effective and efficient service delivery to the oil and gas industry without compromising standards, to implement and enforce the provisions of the Nigerian Content Act of 2010.

    He said: “The Act had addressed key parameters required for sustainable local content practice including regulatory framework – an enabling regulatory framework backed with the appropriate legislation.

    Local content thrives where there is vigorous research and development (R&D) guideline to drive development of home-grown technology.  Countries that had witnessed appreciable local content level attributed the growth to the priority attention given to research and development.

    “Periodic gap analysis was essential to determine gaps that needed to be closed in the areas of skills, facilities and infrastructure capacity building. Structured capacity building intervention was essential to offshoot domiciliation of capabilities in-country while fiscal and monetary incentives are essential to attract new investments and keep existing businesses buoyant where necessary.

    “The local content implementation received a boost in 2016 with the launch of the Petroleum Industry Roadmap by the present government. Key focus areas of local content including infrastructure development, new gas projects, skills acquisition and security in the Niger Delta were addressed.”

    Wabote reassured commitment to re-focus and re-dedicate energy at pushing through the Nigerian content into the next level through development and transfer of technology, creation of local employment across value chain activities, reduction in capital flight, integration of host communities into the oil and gas supply chain, and sustainable economic growth through sectoral linkages. He urged all industry stakeholders to support the delivery of the seven pillars of the petroleum industry roadmap.