Category: Letters

  • Age issue in education sector: A parent’s concern

    Age issue in education sector: A parent’s concern

    Sir: Recently, the federal government and of course, its Ministry of Education, came up with a policy that a child who is not up to 18 years at the time of entry into tertiary education, will no longer be able to be granted admission into such a tertiary institution. That policy seems to have come to stay, because at it seems, everybody has accepted that realisation.

    I must differ from everyone because, I have this agitation or nudge that something is just not right with this policy. It is like deliberately wanting to stall or even cut short, in every sense of it, the lives of our children.

    No matter how well intentioned the federal government is, it was not well thought out at all. Policies should be made in a way that it would naturally fit into the lives of the citizens and be naturally acceptable. 

    If the federal government must correct any educational imbalance, regarding age of entrance, it must start from the very beginning, not by stalling those who had been on the programme.

    To be sincere, this policy is not new in Nigeria. My generation went through it. I schooled in the North, precisely Jos, in those days. No intending pupil would be granted admission if you were not six years old. Your age would further be measured in a crude way of asking you to place your right hand on your head to touch your left ear lobe. I had a little problem with that at that time, because, I was too little for my age. Someone had to confirm that I was six years old before I was allowed into school. Those were the days when things were done right and no one was willing to cheat. With that a child would have a bit of cognition before entering school at all. Not now that a child of four years would be in primary one.

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    The introduction of kindergarten education, obviously by the elite, also had a lot to contribute to the present system. The elite wanted to pursue their careers and did not want the issue of raising their kids to clog their ways. They also started the idea of seeking double promotion for their kids as well as making them jump classes straight to secondary schools at tender ages.

    If the government must insist on this policy now, a lot of harm would be done rather than the malady that they are trying to correct.

    Currently, you have students in SSS 3 who will not be 18 years by the time they are finishing. Clearly, these students would be at home for two years before they can be admitted into tertiary institutions. One can only imagine what the effects may be on these students. The government certainly does not have any programme to absorb these redundant extra two years in the lives of these children. They leave them for their parents to ponder on that. In this age of globalisation, internet fraud and media accessibility, one can only fathom the factors that could influence the children’s lives.

    If the government must implement this policy effectively, it should start from the very beginning by creating a system that would naturally allow a student to start a tertiary education at 18, so that there will not be a sense of loss. Currently, parents are starting to beat the government to it, by making their children write GCE, at Miracle Centres, while in SSS 2 and push them to private universities before the deadlines. The policy is meant for the child of the poor as it seems.

    In developed countries, the education systems are so structured in a way to develop with their age, not some haphazard proclamations.

    In my lone voice and as someone who is directly affected, I shall advise the federal government to begin this policy from those who will just be entering primary school by insisting on a certain age or better still, stall those about to enter JSS 1, to be of a certain age that would enable a perfect calculation.

    This is the advice of a lone voice in the wilderness and like John, the Baptist, it could save lives. No one can tell.

    •Prof Tunji Oyelade,OAU, Ile-Ife.

  • EFCC, Bello and rule of law

    EFCC, Bello and rule of law

    Sir: Corruption is certainly not a new phenomenon in Nigeria. Rather, it has long been an intrinsic element of Nigerian society affecting virtually all spheres of the West African country.

    Anecdotal evidence indicates that corruption is culturally acceptable because members of the family, tribe or ethnic group benefit from an individual’s ill-gotten gains.

    To highlight the importance of anti-corruption for socio-economic growth — which is being raised globally — the anti-graft agency; EFCC, has arrested, detained and even prosecuted some public office holders including formers governors, ministers managing directors and many other public officials.

    Unfulfilled promises and disappointed expectations of the past are mainly responsible for the seeming apathy and disillusionment about elected leaders. Democratic leadership is about honest service to the people without seeking material rewards in return. The race is not about personal benefit but passion to use wealth of experience in the service of the people.

    In the wake of the corruption allegation levelled against former Kogi State governor, Yahaya Bello, there have been series of distorted information on the facts of the matter being investigated by the EFCC. The former Kogi State governor reportedly evaded arrest by operatives of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission on Wednesday, with the assistance of his successor, Governor Usman Ododo. The EFCC had laid siege to the Kogi State Government Lodge in Abuja in an attempt to apprehend Bello, who is wanted over an alleged N80.2bn fraud. Ododo allegedly helped Bello avoid arrest, leveraging the immunity he enjoys as a sitting governor. The incident follows a similar attempt in April, where Ododo reportedly facilitated Bello’s escape from EFCC operatives during another raid in Abuja. On Wednesday, after a visit by Bello and Ododo to the EFCC headquarters, the commission denied having Bello in custody.

    EFCC spokesman Dele Oyewale stated that Bello was not detained, despite claims by Bello’s media team that he had visited the agency. EFCC officials indicated that Ododo’s actions prevented them from arresting Bello, stating that his governorship immunity hindered the operatives from taking further action.

    The chairman of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, EFCC, Ola Olukoyede has vowed that no one involved in economic or financial crimes would be spared by the commission.

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    Since the appointment of Olanipekun Olukoyede as chairman of the commission in October 2023, there is no doubt that the fight against corruption has taken a new outlook.  The EFCC under Olukoyede has recorded unprecedented success in the recovery of looted funds and prosecution of suspected fraudsters, both from top to bottom alike. Never in the history of the commission has such a huge amount of money in national and international currencies recovered from looters.

     Most stories have at least two sides. While there is no obligation to present every side in every piece, stories should be balanced and add context. Objectivity is not always possible, and may not always be desirable but impartial and objective reporting builds trust and confidence.

    The case of former Governor Yahaya Bello is not the first former governor to appear before the commission since 2007 dozens of former governors have appeared before the commission to clear their names off corruption. What is special about Yahaya Bello? The former governor should stop this drama and present himself to EFCC in the interest of transparency, accountability and rule of law. As the saying goes: “A clean conscience fears no accusation”.

    •Ahmad Nas,Abuja.

  • Addressing the moral crisis in Northern Nigeria

    Addressing the moral crisis in Northern Nigeria

    Sir: The cultural landscape of Northern Nigeria, built upon the principles of modesty, family honour, and religious piety is now facing an unprecedented challenge. The very platforms meant to uplift and connect have opened doors for behaviours that deeply conflict with societal norms. The impact is not only felt by the individuals whose private lives are exposed but also by their families, who suffer great shame, dishonour, and social rejection.

    In our conservative culture, where family honour holds immense weight, such incidents leave scars that can last generations.

    The pursuit of fame and social media attention has driven many into compromising situations, where private missteps become public spectacles. However, this issue is not limited to public figures. Everyday individuals, particularly the youth, are falling victim to the same trend. With explicit content becoming a misguided path to popularity, the consequences for these young men and women are devastating. They are lured by the fleeting attention and false validation offered by social media, only to be left facing lifelong consequences.

    This cultural shift highlights the urgent need for action. The northern region has always prided itself on its deep-rooted values, with religious and community leaders playing a pivotal role in upholding societal norms. It is now more crucial than ever for these leaders to address the current moral decay head-on.

    Governmental action is also essential. The laws concerning cybercrimes must be revisited and strengthened to address this modern menace. Law enforcement, in collaboration with cybersecurity experts, must actively track down perpetrators and hold them accountable for their actions. The North has a rich history of valuing human dignity, and it cannot afford to watch idly as this dignity is eroded by the viral spread of immoral content. Efforts should be made to ensure that social media platforms are regulated, with stricter controls in place to prevent the proliferation of explicit content.

    The government must work alongside tech experts and media platforms to introduce stricter oversight mechanisms.

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    At the heart of this crisis is a deeper cultural challenge. As we embrace modernity and technology, we must not lose sight of the cultural and religious values that define us. The youth need to be reminded of their responsibilities—not just to themselves, but to their families, their communities, and their faith. The glorification of immoral behaviour on social media, driven by the pursuit of viral fame, is a dangerous trend that must be reversed. The Northern Nigerian community cannot afford to sit idly by as its values are eroded.

    •Usman Abdullahi Koli, mernoukoli@gmail.com.

  • Remembering Bala Usman

    Remembering Bala Usman

    • By Bishir Dauda Sabuwar

    Sir: Today, Tuesday, September 23 marks 19 years since the demise of a historian par excellence, and a social crusader, Dr. Yusufu Bala Usman.

    Bala Usman was a critic of capitalism and neo-liberalism. He wrote and presented many seminal papers in which with facts and figures, he identified neo-liberal economic policies as inappropriate to African countries, including Nigeria. He also interrogated and challenged theories put forward by western and liberal scholars. For instance, in his classic book, For the Liberation of Nigeria, Dr. Bala argued that poverty in Nigeria cannot be explained by the theory of scarcity. According to him, the dog eats dog system that exacerbates exploitation of the masses, fuels corruption and filthy wealth accumulation by a class of tiny elites, is the reason for widespread poverty in Nigeria. He rightly accused the Nigerian ruling class of being agents of imperialism. They are intermediaries who fed fat on the national cake through exploitation and expropriation.

    When Nigeria under the military dictatorship of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida, wanted to collect IMF loan, Dr. Yusufu Bala Usman was amongst the foremost activists who expressed genuine resistance. He authored a book titled: Nigeria Against the IMF: The Home Market Strategy. He condemned the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) with its attendant massive job losses, currency devaluation, collapse of the manufacturing sector, dependency, among others.

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    Instead of Nigeria’s continuous implementation of copied policies that over time failed to work, Dr. Bala proposed an alternative economic system which he called “Home Market Strategy”. This involved shifting from focusing more on exporting raw material to the western capitals to a more inward-looking oriented economy whose focus was more on harnessing local resources to meet local needs. He coherently showed how Nigeria could become a self-sufficient nation in everything.

    The home market strategy is very relevant even today and if it is implemented, will lessen Nigeria’s dependency on foreign products, break the vicious debt circle, revive our manufacturing industries, strengthen our currency, etc.

    I hope our leaders at all levels will study the Home Market Strategy and make use of the lofty recommendations therein to tackle the challenges facing our country.

    •Comrade Bishir Dauda Sabuwar,

    Unguwa Katsina.

  • PBAT: Don’t scrap Humanitarian Ministry

    PBAT: Don’t scrap Humanitarian Ministry

    • By Mukhtar Ya’u Madobi

    Sir: One issue that have caught the attention of citizens is the speculations around the plan by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu to scrap the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs and Poverty Alleviation. This speculation has raised concerns among various sectors of the populace, especially looking at the strategic roles played by the ministry in uplifting the lives of Nigerians.

    While the administration’s pursuit of efficiency and the fight against corruption is commendable, the decision to dissolve a ministry that addresses the welfare of Nigeria’s most vulnerable citizens would be a grave mistake and at the same time counterproductive.

    President Tinubu should consider reforming and reinvigorating it to serve as a tool for improving the lives of millions of Nigerians thereby serving the purpose of its creation.

    The ministry which was established in 2019 by the administration of former President Muhammadu Buhari was designed to provide essential services to Nigeria’s most disadvantaged population, including people with special needs, displaced persons, and those living in abject poverty. The ministry’s scope spans a wide range of humanitarian efforts, from managing social safety nets and alleviating poverty to responding to natural disasters and emergencies.

    In a country with widespread poverty, high unemployment, and ongoing humanitarian crises, occasioned by insecurity and natural disasters such as flooding, the ministry plays a crucial role in ensuring that vulnerable Nigerians do not fall through the cracks.

    Nigeria has a staggering population of internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to terrorism, banditry, and natural disasters. As of December 2023, Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) reported a total of 3,397,531 internally displaced persons (IDPs), 1,874,283 IDP returnees, and 209,552 refugee returnees living in more than 3,900 locations across 14 states in Nigeria.

    Based on statistics, disbanding the ministry would lead to a vacuum in the delivery of humanitarian services, particularly to IDPs, people living with disabilities, and marginalized communities who depend on government interventions for survival.

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    Moreover, scrapping the ministry would erode the capacity to coordinate responses during disasters such as floods, pandemics, and other emergencies, leaving Nigeria less equipped to handle crises. The existence of a dedicated humanitarian ministry serves as an institutional framework that can effectively mobilize resources, both from within and outside the country, to manage these challenges.

    No doubt, for the past years, the ministry has been marred by allegations of corruption and mismanagement, notably involving the immediate past minister, Sadiya Farouq, and more recently, the suspended minister, Dr. Betta Edu. However, corruption in the ministry should not justify its dissolution. Instead, it underscores the need for a stronger leadership structure—one based on transparency, accountability, and commitment to humanitarian ideals.

    Therefore, President Tinubu’s administration, with its pledge to tackle corruption and restore public trust, should prioritize appointing an individual who embodies the values of integrity, dedication, and genuine concern for the plight of the underprivileged.

    Only such a leader could transform the ministry into an efficient vehicle for poverty alleviation, disaster management, and humanitarian assistance, thereby restoring the confidence of Nigerians in the government’s commitment to their welfare.

    In the broader context of national development, the ministry can help address Nigeria’s pressing socio-economic challenges. Poverty and inequality remain critical issues that demand focused government intervention. Effective humanitarian assistance and poverty alleviation efforts can mitigate the effects of these problems, contributing to national stability and growth.

    The Tinubu administration has an opportunity to turn this moment of uncertainty into one of promise by re-envisioning the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs as a cornerstone of its social agenda.

    Therefore, reforming the ministry by assigning a capable leadership, the Tinubu administration can leave a lasting legacy that reflects its commitment to building a fairer, more just society.

    •Mukhtar Ya’u Madobi,

    Kano.

  • Is Anambra ready for its local government election?

    Is Anambra ready for its local government election?

    • By Chiedu Uche Okoye

    Sir: There are ominous signs that the forthcoming Anambra’s local government election will end in fiasco and legal battles. The ruling party’s intractable internal crisis and some opposition parties’ planned boycott of the poll are portents of political trouble for Anambra State.

    Like most political parties, APGA has always been wracked with troubles and internal strife. At a time in the past, Chief Chekwas Okorie, daringly, took on the party’s big cheese in a litigation battle. Now, the party is riven down the middle with members of Edozie Njoku’s faction of APGA claiming that their faction is duly recognized by INEC while members of the Governor Chukwuma Soludo’s faction are rebutting and controverting the claim of the other faction.

    In the midst of the scuffle and tussle for the control of APGA by its stalwarts, the Supreme Court gave a ruling, which granted financial autonomy to local government areas in Nigeria. The ruling has stampeded Governor Soludo into taking action to conduct council polls in Anambra State. But is the Anambra State government prepared for the conduct of the local government election? Is the APGA’s internal troubles and the litigation trailing the forthcoming September 28 Anambra local government election not portents of political trouble for the state?

    Again, the Labour Party and APC leaders have said that their parties would not participate in the council poll because Soludo’s constitution of the electoral committee and announcement of date for the election breached the electoral law. The parties had instituted cases in courts to prove that the conduct of the election would amount to the execution of an act of illegality.

    Incredibly, in spite of the clouds of uncertainty hanging over the proposed conduct of the election, the candidates of APGA and PDP are always on the hustings to tell the electorate how they will bring the dividends of democracy to them if elected into offices. And public buildings are adorned with campaign posters of those candidates vying for councillorship and chairmanship positions on the platforms of APGA, PDP, and others.

    However, some people have taken a dim view of the proposed election. They hold the view that Soludo will use the immense power at his disposal to manipulate the poll in favour of his APGA faction. Their entertainment of doubts that Soludo’s impartiality regarding the election cannot be guaranteed stems from the fact that ANSIEC staff are at his beck and call. They posit that a person who pays the piper calls the tune.

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    But the stark and indisputable fact is that the stage is being set for the judicial disputation of the election results that will emanate from the conduct of the September 28 election. And some political parties’ strivings for the invalidation or stoppage of the conduct of the council election will distract Governor Soludo from carrying out the gargantuan duties of his office.

    Therefore, it is incumbent on Soludo to navigate this landmine of local government election deftly, justly, and judiciously to avert a harvest of unintended disasters that might result from his conduct of the election. We know that he is hastening the processes for the conduct of the election to avert the federal government’s sanction, which will encumber the Anambra local government areas’ carrying out of their statutory functions.

    But he should balance the overriding imperativeness of conducting the election and the consequences of side-lining and alienating some political parties.

    It will not be an injudicious decision if he reschedules the conduct of the election, co-opt members of other political parties into the election committee, and revitalise the state’s electoral body (ANSIEC) with training for its workers.

    •Chiedu Uche Okoye,

    Uruowulu-Obosi, Anambra State.

  • Call for proactive disaster management

    Call for proactive disaster management

    Sir: Disasters could be man-made like civil unrest, wars, pollution or natural like floods, erosions, landslides and earthquakes. The recent flood disaster in Maiduguri ravished the city and caused monumental damage. Many lives and property were lost, with many people yet to find their loved ones. There are also fears of a major disease outbreak. The flood highlights the need for Nigeria to shift to a more proactive emergency management system which involves paying more attention to the mitigation, and preparedness. Effective emergency management goes beyond just announcing the possibility of a disaster occurring and distributing reliefs when they occur.

    Mitigation aims to reduce the likelihood or impact of disasters . It involves measures such as having early warning system in place restricting development in high-risk areas, promoting proper waste disposal to prevent blockages in drainage systems, ensuring people don’t build on water ways, fortifying infrastructure like dams, reinforcing critical structures, preventing deforestation to curb erosion, gathering intelligence to identify and address underlying grievances that may lead to civil conflicts.

    Preparedness involves having comprehensive response plans, training personnel, and having all the resources in place to respond to emergencies. It requires agility. For example, since there were warning signals about the flood in Maiduguri, plan should have been in place to evacuate people living in high risk areas to safe camps.

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    Better funding, coordination, collaboration and information exchange among key stakeholders, including the National Emergency Management Agency, State Emergency Management Agencies, local authorities, Fire Services, NIMET, and Security Agencies, are essential for a more proactive effective management system in Nigeria. It is imperative to involve professional project managers to ensure objectives are met.

    There is need for robust data gathering and analysis to enable effective identification of vulnerabilities. risk assessment and streamlining mitigation and response strategies. Nigeria should embrace the use of more technology in emergency management as the use of advanced tools like Geographical Information Systems, remote sensing, predictive modelling improve hazard monitoring and early warning capabilities.

    The flood in Maiduguri has highlighted the need to rejig Nigeria’s emergency management system to be more proactive and agile in order to significantly reduce the risk of occurrence and impact of disasters. It involves a holistic approach, by ensuring proper town planning, carrying out integrity test on critical infrastructures like dams and fortifying when necessary, having early warning signal and evacuation plans, etc. Enough of the avoidable loss of lives and properties in Nigeria.

    •Kenechukwu Aguolum Kenerel1@gmail.com

  • Unchecked rise of estate developer fraud

    Unchecked rise of estate developer fraud

    Sir: The provision of adequate housing is a cornerstone of societal development, and its importance cannot be overstated. Collaboration between the public, private, and corporate sectors is crucial to advancing the housing sector, enhancing citizens’ quality of life, and promoting national growth. Nigeria’s real estate industry has experienced remarkable growth, driven by increasing demand for housing and commercial spaces.

    However, beneath this booming market lies a disturbing trend: estate developers defrauding unsuspecting Nigerians of their hard-earned money.

    Fraudulent estate developers employ various tactics to swindle their victims. They misrepresent projects as completed or nearing completion when, in reality, construction has barely begun or not started at all. Some sell plots or units in non-existent estates using fake documents and convincing marketing materials. Others collect payments from buyers for delayed or abandoned projects, leaving investors stranded, and inflate prices to make properties unaffordable.

    This unfortunate practice is a common trend in the country, especially in Lagos, where some Lagos-based estate developers have been known to deceive unsuspecting buyers through a so-called ‘Buy Back’ arrangement. This scam involves providing readymade accommodation with the promise that if the developer fails to meet agreed-upon terms within a specified timeframe, they will repurchase the property. Meanwhile, these unscrupulous developers often relocate their families to the UK, boasting of their supposed untouchability due to alleged connections with influential politicians.

    The impact of these fraudulent activities is far-reaching and devastating. Victims lose life savings, inheritance, or loans, plunging them into financial distress that can lead to emotional trauma, stress, disappointment, mental health challenges, strained relationships, and loss of trust. The country’s economic prosperity also suffers. Estimates suggest that over 50% of real estate transactions in Nigeria involve some form of fraud, with the government recovering billions of naira from fraudulent activities in recent years.

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    Several factors contribute to this pervasive issue. The lack of regulation creates inadequate oversight and enforcement, enabling fraudulent developers to operate with impunity. Nigeria’s economic instability provides opportunities for unscrupulous developers to exploit desperate investors. Additionally, buyers often lack knowledge of the real estate market, making them vulnerable to false promises.

    To address these fraudulent activities, it is essential to strengthen regulatory bodies by empowering agencies like the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing to monitor and enforce regulations. The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) should also beam its shining light on the fraudulent activities of the estate developers. The government should also encourage transparency and mandate developers to provide detailed project information, including timelines, budgets, and completion guarantees. This will help authorities track fraudulent activities.

    Creating awareness and promoting financial literacy through public campaigns, media engagement, and workshops is also crucial. Collaboration with law enforcement is necessary to ensure swift apprehension and prosecution of fraudulent developers, serving as a deterrent. Establishing dispute resolution centres to mediate and resolve disputes between developers and buyers will also help.

    The scourge of estate developers’ fraud in Nigeria demands urgent attention. Regulatory bodies, law enforcement, and the public must work in tandem to prevent these crimes and protect innocent Nigerians. By promoting transparency, education, and accountability, we can restore trust in the real estate industry.

    To protect themselves, prospective buyers should conduct thorough research to verify developers’ credentials and project legitimacy. Seeking professional advice from lawyers, architects, and financial experts is also advisable. Buyers should insist on written agreements, project plans, and completion guarantees and be cautious of unusually low prices. Reporting suspicious activities to regulatory bodies or law enforcement will ensure a safer and more secure real estate market in Nigeria.

    Under Section 43 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, which guarantees every citizen’s right to acquire and own immovable property anywhere in Nigeria, buyers must exercise diligence. By doing so, Nigerians can invest in their dreams without fear of deception, and the real estate industry can reclaim its integrity.

    •Victor Akaa,Lagos

  • Silent struggle with underemployment

    Silent struggle with underemployment

    Sir: In Nigeria today, underemployment is emerging as a low-intensity war. Everyone knows it exists but no one will speak of it. The question is no longer whether people can find jobs, but whether those jobs utilize their skills, offer sufficient wages, or provide stability. Reports indicate that the streets are filled with university graduates riding motorbikes for hire, while skilled professionals languish in jobs far below their qualifications. This isn’t just a job crisis; it’s a crisis of underemployment.

    According to the International Labour Organisation (ILO), “Underemployment reflects underutilization of the productive capacity of the employed population, including those which arise from a deficient national or local economic system.” In other words, underemployment is a phenomenon where people work in roles that barely scratch the surface of their potential. The real struggle is not about joblessness; it’s about being trapped in low-paying, unfulfilling jobs, a reality that haunts the modern Nigerian worker. Underemployment is the real silent struggle.

    As of the last quarter of 2022, Nigeria’s unemployment rate was a staggering 33 per cent, but the underemployment rate, at 22 per cent, painted an even more insidious problem. This is particularly concerning because underemployment reflects a deeper structural issue in the economy: while people may technically be working, the roles they hold fail to utilize their skills, education, or potential fully.

    Today, underemployment driven by a variety of factors. The most significant factor is the mismatch between education and job market needs. Universities, today, produce graduates in fields with limited job opportunities, leading to underemployment.

    Also, the informal sector is dominant. Over 60 per cent of Nigeria’s workforce operates within the informal sector, offering low-paying and unstable jobs.

    Then there are systemic challenges, such as economic instability and limited industrial growth. The lack of development in key sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture, and technology has further contributed to the underemployment crisis.

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    Moreover, there is the issue of technological disruption. Take, banking for instance, digital platforms and automated services have displaced many traditional roles. Bank tellers, for example, have seen their numbers drastically reduced as mobile banking has taken off. While technology has created new opportunities, it has also displaced many workers, leaving them unemployed or forced into lower-wage jobs.

    Today, the rise of the gig economy has introduced new forms of employment, particularly among Nigeria’s youth. Freelancers in digital marketing, software development, and graphic design often find themselves underpaid and overworked, with little to no job security. The promise of flexibility has come at the cost of security and sustainability.

    The consequences are dire. Underemployment stifles economic growth by limiting the productivity and innovation that comes from utilizing skilled labour. When a large portion of the workforce is underemployed, the nation’s output diminishes, leading to slower economic growth.

    This creates a vicious cycle in which underemployment further depresses job creation, keeping the economy from fully recovering.

    To effectively combat underemployment, Nigeria needs to address the root causes of the issue.

    Firstly, it is time to revamp the education system. Nigeria’s educational institutions must align more closely with the needs of the labour market. This means focusing on practical skills, vocational training, and STEM education. Universities should collaborate with industries to create programs that equip students with the skills required for high-demand jobs.

     Secondly, talks of diversifying the economy must now move beyond talks. The government must prioritize diversification; it must move away from an over-reliance on oil and gas. Sectors like agriculture, manufacturing, and technology hold tremendous potential for job creation and should be supported through targeted policies, incentives, and investments.

    There must be a deliberate effort to support entrepreneurship. Encouraging entrepreneurship and small business growth can create new job opportunities for Nigerians. It requires providing better access to finance, business training, and mentorship, especially for young people seeking to build sustainable businesses.

    The gig economy is ripe for regulation.  The rise of gig and freelance work demands stronger labour protections. Offering social safety nets like health insurance, retirement savings plans, and standardizing pay structures for freelance workers, are issues that require attention.

    Underemployment, rather than unemployment, has quietly become the defining crisis for the Nigerian labour market today. As more workers find themselves stuck in roles that fail to utilize their talents or offer meaningful financial rewards, the economic and social consequences are becoming increasingly apparent. Without a concerted effort to address underemployment, Nigeria risks stifling its potential for growth, innovation, and stability.

    •Elvis Eromosele,  elviseroms@gmail.com

  • The Maiduguri devastation

    The Maiduguri devastation

    Sir The recent floods, which devastated Maiduguri, were a mixture of acts of God and acts of men. Our inactions contributed in the greater part of the human disaster. We are talking about the failure of a dam – Alau Dam – within a failed system. Ours is overwhelmingly an ailing system dominated by human, moral and resource deficits. That is why our lukewarm actions were let loose just as the tormenting water let itself loose.

    The fact remains that flood can devastate the surrounding areas of a dam if it is broken or some abnormalities are observed. This was evident but ignored by those responsible for its safety.

    Dam construction takes into consideration dam failure as a probable unwanted phenomenon. Dam failure could be as a result of poor foundation, internal and external erosion, overtopping, static and seismic instability and other issues such as slope instability. The personnel of the dam are also supposed to undergo regular training to ensure they are fully prepared for possible failure events. These are some of the fundamental rudiments of protecting dam against overflowing to save lives and properties.

    Against this backdrop, we need to go beyond the lamentation, charitable donations and rehabilitation of the victims. What do we do to avert a future reoccurrence? This is the significant question that needs to be addressed, assessed and encapsulated as the perimeter for our collective responsibility.

    In the last tragic episode, the people of Maiduguri were unnecessarily made risk bearers. What is unknown to many is the existence of the Flood Risk Management (FRM) strategy which was evolved to address the problems of the environment with emphasis on flooding. It is apparent that the strategy failed to live up to expectations probably because the government is more concerned with providing funds for post- disaster flood response.

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    Also mind-boggling was the claim by the Minister of Water Resources, Joseph Utsev that what happened was as a result of climate change and not negligence of the dam. Secretary to the Borno State government had also inspected the dam prior to its overflowing and assured the people that there was no cause for alarm. This was in spite of the fact that defects responsible for the overflow of the dam were discovered nine years ago.

    What the minister ought to do is, at least, institute a credible committee that would unravel the real and not ‘imagined’ causes of the failure of the dam with a view to ameliorating its negative perspectives. Similarly, the Borno State SSG should know that issues bordering on safety are not based on mere assumptions and must engage experts to ascertain the reality of existing things on the ground.

    •Abdu Abdullahi,aaringim68@gmail.com