The Nation Newspaper

Category: Commentaries

  • Still on the matter of freed ‘minors’

    Still on the matter of freed ‘minors’

    sir: Nigeria is a country given to hysteria, histrionics, and even the occasional huff of hubris. The tendency to overblow things here, and mount its inflated wings, is never far away.

    This tendency to be lured into crowdsourcing anger borders on gullibility and usually clouds more important issues.

     Between August 1 and August 10, citizens mobilized across the country to protest against government’s harsh policies.  The aim of the protesters was to disrupt as well as disturb a government that appeared too comfortable in its listlessness.

    While protesters in other parts of the country had the dignity and civility to keep their protests peaceful and measured, things took a dangerous turn in many parts of the North where the protests were not only violent but bloody. Inv, protesters attacked public buildings including courtrooms and libraries, clashed with security personnel and even called for a regime change.

    If the sudden spike of hunger and anger in the North after eight years of stony silence was suspicious, the call for regime change confirmed that the protests were hardly about hunger.

    The government’s response which included rounding up some of the protesters, many of them minors, and moving them to Abuja for trial ended in a fatal misstep when they were arraigned on November 1at the Federal High Court.

    The charge for treason which is a capital offense and the stringent bail conditions were always going to draw flak for the government. However, when some minors fainted ostensibly out of illness, ill-treatment and malnutrition, the uproar home and abroad was deafening, forcing the government to release them.

    Protests should never be criminalized in Nigeria whose resilient democracy is still going strong more than twenty-five years later. However, what must be done to those who engage in criminal acts, hiding under protests to unleash the worst version of themselves especially when their bodies are those of minors but their minds those of master criminals?

    Public property was destroyed in Kano State during the protests. Will no one be held responsible? If no one is punished, won’t those who never want Nigerians to protests hold up the destruction of public property as a reason to suppress protests in the future? There are landmines everywhere.

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    The minors have been flown back to Kano and other states. The governor of Kaduna State has offered 39 of the minors who are from his state the sum of one hundred thousand Naira each, as well as smartphones while reuniting them with their families. Yet, the rush to score cheap political points must not be allowed to mask systemic issues which will explode in the future with frightening consequences if left unaddressed.

    The question must be asked: how many of the minors who participated in the protests in the North were enrolled in any school when the protests started? It is doubtful that they would have joined if they were in school on that day.

    Northern Nigeria has the highest number of Nigeria’s millions of out-of-school children. These children, many of whom beg for a living are also amenable to many crimes which no society can live with. In feting them for escaping the government’s ‘oppressive claws’, crime must not be rewarded. Beyond giving them gifts in an attempt to be considered responsive, the government must confront the human bombs biding their time to detonate.

    Failing to do this, then it is only a matter of time.

    •Ike Willie-Nwobu,Ikewilly9@gmail.com

  • Using AI to further cancer research: Tales of experts behind the breakthroughs

    Using AI to further cancer research: Tales of experts behind the breakthroughs

    When cancer, the disease responsible for nearly 10 million deaths annually, comes into focus, Artificial Intelligence (AI) now takes the front seat. Thanks to figures such as Dr. Florian Markowetz, Dr. Anant Madabhushi, Charles Awoniyi, Dr. Maryellen Giger and Dr. Ziad Obermeyer, who are behind some of the breakthroughs in using AI to further cancer research.

    Precision medicine and artificial intelligence are reshaping how cancer diagnosis, and treatment. Breakthroughs in genomics, for instance, are enabling clinicians to tailor treatments to individual patients, improving outcomes and reducing unnecessary side effects.

    For instance, Dr. Markowetz is advancing precision Oncology through AI and genomic insights. Heis a leading figure in the field of computational oncology, where he leverages artificial intelligence and advanced data analytics to unlock new understandings of cancer biology. As Professor of Computational Oncology at the University of Cambridge and Group Leader at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Dr. Markowetz’s work sits at the intersection of genomics, machine learning, and translational cancer research.

    A key focus of his research is the role of chromosomal instability in cancer progression. His team developed a compendium of 17 “copy number signatures” which serve as a molecular fingerprint of chromosomal instability in tumors. These signatures are critical for predicting how individual cancers may respond to specific therapies, and they open new avenues for identifying novel drug targets. His approach exemplifies the shift toward precision oncology, where treatment strategies are informed by the unique genetic makeup of a patient’s cancer.

    In addition to his genomic research, Dr. Markowetz has contributed significantly to the early detection of esophageal cancer through his work on the Cytosponge-TFF3, a non-invasive diagnostic device. His group applies AI algorithms to analyze cell samples collected by the Cytosponge, enabling accurate and early identification of Barrett’s esophagus, a precancerous condition that can lead to esophageal adenocarcinoma. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize screening by providing a low-cost, accessible alternative to endoscopy.

    Dr. Markowetz is a vocal advocate for reproducible research and transparent AI in healthcare. He has published extensively on data integration in cancer research, machine learning applications in tumor classification, and AI-driven diagnostics. His work not only advances scientific understanding but also directly contributes to improving patient outcomes through earlier diagnosis and more personalized treatment pathways.

    In the case of Dr. Anant Madabhushi, he is pioneering AI-powered precision medicine in cancer care.An internationally recognised as a trailblazer in the application of artificial intelligence to medical imaging and cancer diagnostics, he is currently the Robert W. Woodruff Professor at Emory University and a researcher at the Winship Cancer Institute. He also leads the Emory Center for Cancer Engineering and was the founding director of the Center for Computational Imaging and Personalized Diagnostics (CCIPD) at Case Western Reserve University.

    With over 450 peer-reviewed publications and more than 100 patents, Dr. Madabhushi’s work is focused on using AI and machine learning to extract quantitative features, commonly referred to as “radiomics” and “pathomics” from imaging data such as MRIs, CT scans, and digitised pathology slides. These features are then correlated with patient outcomes to develop predictive models that can guide clinical decision-making.

    A hallmark of his research is the development of population-specific risk prediction tools that address racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in cancer diagnosis and treatment. His work has shown that AI-driven models can detect subtle imaging patterns missed by the human eye, thereby enabling earlier and more accurate detection of cancers, including breast, prostate, lung, and head and neck cancers.

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    Dr. Madabhushi’s lab also emphasizes the importance of integrating diverse data types with imaging features to generate comprehensive, individualised patient profiles. This fusion of data not only improves diagnostic precision but also helps tailor treatment strategies to maximise efficacy while minimizing side effects.

    Beyond academia, his innovations have been translated into real-world applications through collaborations with healthcare systems, industry partners, and the Veterans Affairs Health System. He is a passionate advocate for equitable access to AI in healthcare, and his tools have been deployed in underserved and low-resource settings to reduce disparities in cancer outcomes.

    Named one of Nature Medicine’s Top 10 Translational Researchers and a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors, Dr. Anant Madabhushi continues to redefine the future of oncology through data-driven, patient-centric innovation.

    For Charles Awoniyi, he stands at the forefront of healthcare transformation, leveraging his expertise in artificial intelligence, data science, and healthcare analytics to address some of the most complex challenges in modern medicine. His contributions extend beyond technical excellence; he is a catalyst for change in cancer research and healthcare accessibility.

    Awoniyi’s trajectory mirrors that of other distinguished figures in AI and data analytics, such as Andrew Ng, Geoffrey Hinton, and Yann LeCun. These individuals have each played pivotal roles in advancing AI, yet their paths and focuses offer unique perspectives on the field’s evolution.

    Andrew Ng’s influence in AI is profound, particularly in making AI education accessible. As a co-founder of Google Brain and Coursera, Ng has educated millions globally, emphasizing the importance of understanding AI’s fundamentals. His approach democratises AI knowledge, empowering individuals across various sectors.

    Known as the “Godfather of Deep Learning,” Geoffrey Hinton’s research has been foundational in developing neural networks. His work laid the groundwork for many AI applications, including natural language processing and computer vision. Hinton’s theoretical contributions continue to influence AI research and development.

    Yann LeCun’s work in computer vision and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has significantly impacted AI’s capabilities in image recognition and processing. As the Chief AI Scientist at Meta, LeCun continues to push the boundaries of AI research, focusing on understanding and interacting with the physical world.

    While Ng focuses on education, Hinton on theoretical advancements, and LeCun on research, Awoniyi distinguishes himself by applying AI and data analytics to solve real-world business challenges. His work emphasizes the practical implementation of AI, ensuring that technological advancements translate into tangible benefits for industries such as healthcare, finance, and education. This approach bridges the gap between theoretical research and practical application, driving innovation and efficiency.

    Awoniyi plays a strategic role in bridging the gap between data-driven insights and patient-centered care. His work ensures that cancer patients receive timely and effective coverage, aligning policy frameworks with real-world clinical needs.

    Central to his research portfolio is the application of AI in cancer detection. His groundbreaking study on Hybrid Deep Learning for Breast Cancer Diagnosis exemplifies the power of machine learning in enhancing diagnostic precision. By evaluating the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) on the BreakHis_v1_400X dataset, Charles has contributed meaningfully to the field of AI-assisted medical imaging. His work enhances the accuracy, speed, and reliability of early breast cancer detection, an advancement with far-reaching implications for patient outcomes.

    The broader societal implications of his research are significant. Early detection is critical to improving survival rates, and Awoniyi’s work supports the development of predictive tools that empower clinicians to make informed, data-backed decisions. His initiatives also address systemic challenges by promoting more efficient resource utilisation, reducing diagnostic disparities, and improving access to quality care, particularly in underserved communities.

    Through the seamless integration of data science and healthcare innovation, Awoniyi is reshaping the landscape of medical research. His pioneering efforts underscore the transformative potential of AI in healthcare and continue to inspire a new generation of professionals committed to using technology for public good.

    What Dr. Giger knows how best to do is shaping the future of cancer diagnostics through AI.Giger is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) and a leading force in the integration of artificial intelligence into clinical radiology. As the A.N. Pritzker Professor of Radiology at the University of Chicago and a founding member of its Committee on Medical Physics, Dr. Giger has dedicated her career to developing advanced imaging analytics that enhance the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.

    Her landmark achievement came with the co-development of QuantX, the first-ever AI-driven diagnostic platform for breast cancer to receive clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). QuantX assists radiologists in interpreting breast MRI scans by using machine learning algorithms to highlight areas of concern, evaluate lesion characteristics, and provide quantitative assessments that support diagnostic decision-making. Clinical studies demonstrated that QuantX improves both sensitivity and specificity, helping reduce unnecessary biopsies while identifying cancers earlier.

    Dr. Giger’s contributions extend well beyond breast cancer. She has been at the forefront of radiomics, the extraction of vast amounts of quantitative data from medical images, to uncover patterns and biomarkers that may not be visible to the human eye. Her work explores how AI can be used to predict cancer risk, assess prognosis, and monitor therapeutic response in a range of cancers, including lung, prostate, and brain tumors.

    Through the integration of imaging data with genomic, clinical, and pathological information, Dr. Giger’s research is advancing the field of precision oncology, offering clinicians new tools to tailor treatment strategies to individual patients. She has published more than 200 peer-reviewed articles and holds numerous patents in image-based AI technologies for cancer care.

    The last but not the least is Dr. Ziad Obermeyer named to TIME magazine’s list of the 100 most influential people in AI and has received numerous accolades for his efforts to make AI a force for good in medicine.

    Obermeyer is a physician and health policy expert whose groundbreaking research sits at the intersection of artificial intelligence, medicine, and social justice. As the Blue Cross of California Distinguished Associate Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, Dr. Obermeyer has become a global leader in the fight to ensure that AI in healthcare promotes equity rather than exacerbating existing disparities.

    His influential work gained widespread recognition after a 2019 study he co-authored exposed significant racial bias in a widely used healthcare algorithm. The algorithm, used to allocate care management resources to millions of patients across the U.S., was found to underestimate the health needs of Black patients compared to white patients with similar medical conditions. This discovery became a pivotal moment in the AI ethics conversation, sparking major reforms in how health systems and developers evaluate and design predictive models.

    Rather than merely identifying the problem, Dr. Obermeyer has been instrumental in driving solutions. His research now focuses on building fairer algorithms that account for and actively mitigate bias. He works closely with hospitals, insurers, and data scientists to co-design models that improve both clinical outcomes and equity in access to care.

    To scale these efforts, Dr. Obermeyer co-founded Dandelion Health, a company focused on providing diverse, high-quality, and representative medical data to developers of AI applications in healthcare. The platform ensures that AI tools are trained and validated using data that reflect the full diversity of patient populations, helping reduce bias in model development from the outset.

    He also co-founded Nightingale Open Science, a nonprofit initiative that curates rich, anonymized datasets from healthcare providers and makes them openly available to researchers. These datasets are specifically designed to encourage the development of interpretable, fair, and clinically useful AI tools. Nightingale fosters a collaborative ecosystem where scientists, clinicians, and technologists can build AI models with a commitment to transparency and accountability.

  • ‘Lakurawa’

    ‘Lakurawa’

    Terrifying news! A new terrorist group known as ‘Lakurawa’was reported to have seized five local government areas of Sokoto State: Tangaza, Gada, Illela, Silame, and Binji. The terrorists were said to be heavily armed and communicate in Hausa, Fulani, Tuareg, Kanuri, Tuba, and English.

     A resident of the affected areas was quoted as saying, “They arrive in large numbers, often on 10 to 15 motorcycles. After observing the environment and community, they will leave some members behind as they move to other towns.”

    According to the chairman of Tangaza local government, Alhaji Isa Salihu Kalenjeni, “They are forcing people to pay zakat, and at the same time robbing them of their belongings. Just recently, they robbed a shop owner of N2 million. They also seized his car and released it after he paid N350,000.”

    More terrifying is that the activities of these new terrorists are not limited to Sokoto State. They have also been terrorising Kebbi State, where they were said to have killed 15 people and rustled about 100 cows in Mera, in Augie Local Government Area of Kebbi State.

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    Director of Defence Media Operations Maj. Gen. Edward Buba explained that “They exploited the vast borders from Niger Republic which stretches to Mali and which became porous as a result of the coup in Niger Republic to cross into parts of Sokoto and Kebbi states because the joint border operations with Nigerian security forces was experiencing gaps. Now we know exactly where they are.”

     Obviously, the country has not won the anti-terrorism war. The activities of this new terrorist group compound the problem. The war continues because terrorist groups in the country are still active.  The terrorists are no longer only Boko Haram members.  The involvement of ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) and ISWAP (Islamic State West African Province) has made matters worse.

    The Boko Haram insurgency began in 2009. It is troubling that the insurgency in the north is now in its 15th year.  It is at the heart of the country’s security crisis.

    The military leadership needs to pay more attention to tackling the challenges that hinder the success of the war on terror. Fighting terrorism effectively requires a sense of urgency, without which there can be no effective fight against terrorism.

    This new terrorist group must not be allowed to thrive. The military must send a powerful and unambiguous signal that it is determined to win the war on terrorism.

  • Owa Obokun: Heritage, reality, aspiration (2)

    Owa Obokun: Heritage, reality, aspiration (2)

    Ijesas are distinctive! They are known for their discerning nature and exceptional brilliance. Their rich history reveals fascinating connections. For the record, they are the masterminds behind Osomaalo, a pioneering business phenomenon in Africa. In the 1930s, Obafemi Awolowo, the legendary statesman, once resided in Ilesa as Secretary to Daniel Ajayi Afilaka. At a time in the history of Ijesaland, Olori Remilekun Anike Agunlejika, wife of Oba Adeniran Agunlejika, also held the esteemed title of Yeye Oge of Edeland. Ijesaland is credited with originating the iconic ‘Nwa Boy’ style, now a multibillion-dollar industry in Igboland. Ijesas are found to have excelled in various sectors; and this has gone a long way in demonstrating their versatility.

    During the mid-20th century, Ilesa earned the nickname ‘New York’ of the Southwest’ reflecting its economic and cultural prowess. However, 42 years on, Ijesaland’s development trajectory raises questions: How did Ijesa Heartland sink to this deplorable state and what transformational impact has four decades played had, and where does the region stand today in terms of progress? When did the abnormal become the norm, and what pivotal moment marked the beginning of our collective struggles as a people and kingdom? At what stage did Ijesaland bid farewell to tradition that news about Owa Obokun’s demise could be broken without beckoning to the deity of tradition?

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    Given Ijesa tradition’s emphasis on procedure, when did the revered rites of passage for a departed monarch devolve into a spectacle, casually shared on social media platforms? How can Owa’s subjects, renowned for their adventurous spirit and fearlessness in the face of distance and unfamiliar customs, build upon their ancestral legacy of entrepreneurship? Can they break free from the cycle of repetition and expect transformative progress, or will they continue to yield the same results?

    As we ponder the future of the Owa Obokun of Ijesaland, tradition and progress engage in a delicate dance. Will the Bilaro-Oluodo Ruling House claim the throne, or will leadership qualities trump lineage? Considering the geographical and socio-economic diversity within the Ijesa Kingdom, will unity and progress be sacrificed at the altar of cultural heritage? Will the kingmakers maintain their oversight role, or will new checks and balances be established? Considering the age-old tension between tradition and innovation, what mechanisms will be put in place to ensure accountability and transparency in the new Owa Obokun’s reign?

    Yes, our forefathers believed in Ifa Oracle because that’s who we were; and that’s who we still are! But then, this paradox raises fundamental questions: Had our colonizers genuinely embraced the teachings of their sacred texts, would they have condemned us to centuries of bondage? What happens when religious dogma is hijacked to justify oppression and when does the sanctity of human life supersede economic interests? Can we truly speak of progress when built upon the ruins of others? As we grapple with systemic injustices, should we forget the profound lessons of our shared human history – that freedom is not free, and that true faith demands action, not mere rhetoric?

    Traditionally, members of the four Ruling Houses in Ilesa are considered Owa’s cousins, implying a sense of familial closeness and trust. Ideally, this kinship should grant the Owa unrestricted access to any of the Ruling Houses without fear or hesitation. Given their shared ancestry as descendants of Atakumosa, when did the princes and princesses of the Ruling Houses last convene? Oba Aromolaran’s decision to use the palace primarily as an office during his reign deviated from Ijesaland’s traditional norms. This departure may have contributed to challenges in his relationship with the chiefs, highlighting the importance of balancing modern approaches with cultural heritage.

    The Yoruba proverb ‘Bi ile ba san bi o san, awo la n wo.’ reminds us that a peaceful home earns respect from outsiders. Unfortunately, Ijesaland is currently grappling with significant challenges. The children of Oduduwa are struggling, and this struggle is evident to all. To move forward, we must strike a balance between our aspirations and available resources, ensuring our ambitions align with our capabilities. I am particularly concerned that when leadership roles are filled by individuals who don’t embody our values, harmful influences can spread, compromising our community’s well-being. In such an environment, instability hinders progress and development, ultimately undermining Ijesaland’s potential.

    The revered League of ‘Agba Ijesa’, once a shining example of excellence, has faced challenges in maintaining its high standards. The shift in focus towards material wealth as a primary criterion for membership has diluted its original purpose. Ideally, the League should represent men of integrity, humility, discipline, and impeccable character. Nonetheless, when financial influence becomes a dominant factor, the institution’s integrity is compromised. This development has contributed to the erosion of Ijesaland’s values, undermining the kingdom’s progress and stability.

    Some Nigerians have noted that Oba Aromolaran’s academic background often influenced his approach to cultural and traditional matters. While his theoretical perspective brought unique insights, it sometimes led to misunderstandings, such as the dispute with the Ijesa North Traditional Council. Francis Adedeji Bepo and Isaac Ojo Ajanaku’s notable places in history are especially noteworthy in this context. To move forward, it’s essential for future leaders to strike a balance between theoretical knowledge and practical experience.

    “Ti ogiri o ba la’nu, alangba o le raye woo.” (If there are no crevices in the wall, the lizard cannot penetrate into the wall). That Owa Obokun stool is a monumental responsibility is not in doubt. As Haastrup aptly puts it, “Owaship is a heavy load, a complex issue that requires thorough understanding to avoid regret.” Adeoye Agunlejika also summarizes the significance of the stool: “Owa Obokun is the pivot around which Ijesaland revolves. Virtually every aspect of life in Ijesaland is influenced by him, as he determines the course of many things. Moreover, he bears the weight of his people’s destiny on his shoulders. Simply put, if the Owa Obokun falters, Ijesaland falters.”

    Oriyomi Akerele, a member of the Ajimoko Royal Family, stresses that traditional leadership has evolved beyond heritage and prestige. “Today, it’s about tapping into community potential to drive development, growth, and prosperity.” He identifies several pressing issues in Ijesaland, including insecurity, cultism, inadequate education (particularly vocational and life skills), and health and hygiene challenges.

    Effective leadership transcends academic credentials – a plethora of PhDs or Master’s degrees in Law, Engineering, or Philosophy. Instead, it requires innate intelligence, people skills, and emotional intelligence. Traditional leadership, like Obaship, is honed through community interaction and immersion, not university courses. As exemplified by Owa Agunlejika and Oba Olajide Oyekanmi Adanlawo IV, the Ogboni of Ibokun (1970-2010), a successful Owa Obokun must connect with both chiefs and subjects. Impliedly, the next Owa Obokun should possess key qualities: humility, accommodation, tolerance, active listening, and meaningful engagement. He must be willing to learn from his people, understand their needs, and empathize with them.

    “Ile la ti n ko eso re ode” (Charity begins at home). To effectively unite the Yoruba race, Ijesaland must first address its internal dynamics. In other words, “Olofin’s children – with Alaafin as the eldest and Obokun as the youngest – must resolve their familial relationships before focusing on broader unity. Unity would enable Ijesaland Obas to present a united front, even to presidential candidates.” By resolving their internal dynamics and presenting a united front, they can build a brighter future for their people and contribute to the advancement of the Yoruba nation.

    • To be concluded.

  • Requiem for the world order

    Requiem for the world order

    By Daniel Serwer

    The post-World War II liberal order was already shaky. The past four American presidents have all contributed to undermining it. Clinton bombed Serbia without UN Security Council authorization. Bush mistakenly invaded Iraq in 2003. Obama neglected to nurture the 2011 Arab Spring, especially in Syria but also in Egypt. Biden gave unconditional support to an Israeli government that has violated the laws of war. Putin has pitched in with his 2003 invasion of Georgia as well as his 2014 and 2022 invasions of Ukraine. Xi is conducting rehearsals for war with Taiwan.

    Trump will bulldoze the foundations

    But none of that has quite destroyed the world order. Trump will enjoy that privilege. He has already said he will cut a deal with Russia on Ukraine. The only way to do that is to stop assistance and surrender Ukrainian territory to Moscow. That will undermine NATO, even if he doesn’t withdraw from the Alliance.

    Trump has no inclination to defend Taiwan. He has suggested South Korea and Japan should get their own nuclear weapons so the US can withdraw its troops. Trump will give carte blanche to Israel in Gaza and Lebanon. He will aim to reduce American troops in the Middle East, no matter what the consequences. A Trump Administration will do nothing to support democracy in the Middle East or elsewhere.

    There is a big question mark on Iran. It is already a nuclear threshold state. It would need no more than weeks to obtain enough enriched uranium to make at least one nuclear weapon. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu is spoiling for war with Iran. Biden has tried to restrain that impulse. He made it clear the US would not support more than the tit-for-tat exchanges of the past few months.

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    Would Trump continue to restrain Netanyahu? Or would he extend his unconditional support to war with Iran? If he does, any remaining foundations of the world order will be in smithereens.

    The man of peace

    Trump keeps on repeating he wants the fighting to stop in Ukraine. He claims to be a man of peace. But peace is not something you get when you concede to aggression or when you support it. Peace in Ukraine will require more support to Kyiv. Peace in Gaza and Lebanon will require constraints on Netanyahu. Trump appears poised to do precisely the opposite.

    The implications of what Trump does will be wide and deep. Conceding to Putin in Ukraine will lead to future wars. Partition of Moldova, Bosnia, and Kosovo will follow. Invasions of the Baltics and Poland could be next. Supporting Netanyahu in Gaza and Lebanon will lead to future Palestinian or Lebanese efforts like October 7.

    There is precious little any of us can do about this. American presidents have enormous leeway in foreign policy. Once he dismantles the Foreign Service and the Defence Department civil service, there will be no “deep state” resistance.

    The precedent

    The last time the US withdrew its commitment to world order was in the 1920s and 1930s. Republican Party isolationism then prevailed over Woodrow Wilson’s commitment to the League of Nations. America Firsters waved Nazi flags at Madison Square Garden. The US clamped down on immigration and hiked tariffs. The Nazis copied American racism. World War II was one of the results.

    The world order will not be the only victim of the next Trump Administration. A lot of Americans will eventually die to stem the authoritarian resurgence his election will encourage. We acted reluctantly and too late against Germany and Japan. We are likely to delay too long this time around as well. The price for “peace in our time” can be astronomical.

    ·               This article was first published in www.dtt-net.com

  • Bang, bang, Ebang!

    Bang, bang, Ebang!

    In Equatorial Guinea, the hunter just turned the hunted.  That country’s anti-graft chief was being probed for alleged graft.  Baltasar!  The titillation was truer than fiction!

    It’s the sexual romps of bang, bang, Ebang!  The leakage of those videos has sent that West African country into a tizzy!

    He is Baltasar Ebang Engonga.  His position: Director General, National Financial Investigation Agency (ANIF) of Equatorial Guinea, the equivalent of Nigeria’s Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC). 

    Seeing the anti-sleaze czar being probed for sleaze, old-English poet, Geoffery Chaucer — remember him: of the epic poem, The Canterbury Tales? — would have screamed: if gold rusts, what will iron do!

    But seeing further the videos — alleged material graft plumbing into free-wheeling moral depravity — that spiritual dip would have sent Chaucer into a fit!  It did send the Equatorial Guineans into an uproar, prompting Vice President Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue, to address the salacious scandal in a public statement posted on X, in which he slammed the clear national disgrace.

    In the exposed video footage — 300 in all, since leaked online  — the married man with six children was shown having a romp, bang in his office, with other women. 

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    The outrage was not only because Engonga’s liaison partners cut across married and single.  It was mainly fired by devil-may-care dive into debauchery: his brother’s wife (that borders on incest, since by African culture — and indeed, many cultures outside Africa — in-laws are relations), his cousin (clear incest) and — for good measure — the sister of the President of Equatorial Guinea! 

    This Ebang will well bang anywhere he damn well pleases!  Or, to use former President Olusegun Obasanjo’s favourite cliche, no matter whose ox is gored!

    And another thing: perhaps the most worrying part of the tapes were the impression that the liaison partners were hip with being videoed in the heat of passion!  That clearly is strange, since the natural reflex is to keep such passionate acts close to the chest.  Now, why this departure from the norm?

    Well, Engonga could have been shown (by the video), named and shamed.  Still, what about the question of mental health?  Why was it especially pleasing to him to not only engage in audacious sexual romps but to insist of video-tapping them?

    That, mind you, may not be one-way.  If Engonga appears to have a mental health challenge, what of his partners that blissfully played along?  These are questions that should worry Equatorial Guinea health authorities.

  • Impact of climate change on Nigeria

    Impact of climate change on Nigeria

    • By Talent Bassey Akpan

    Sir: Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing the world today, and Nigeria is particularly vulnerable to its effects due to its diverse ecosystems, reliance on agriculture, and significant population density. The changes in climate patterns have profound implications for the environment, economy, and public health, making it crucial for the country to understand and address these challenges effectively.

    In Nigeria, climate change has led to erratic weather patterns, manifesting in both extreme floods and prolonged droughts. Since the late 20th century, rainfall patterns across the country have become increasingly unpredictable. While some regions experience heavy rains resulting in severe flooding, others, particularly in the north, are suffering from acute water shortages and drought. These fluctuations impact agricultural output, as farmers rely on predictable rainy seasons for planting and harvesting. Consequently, food security becomes compromised, leading to higher food prices and increased levels of poverty.

    Agriculture is the backbone of Nigeria’s economy, employing a significant portion of the population and contributing substantially to the GDP. However, climate change poses a severe threat to agriculture, as it disrupts the growing conditions essential for crops and livestock. Changes in rainfall patterns can lead to crop failures, while rising temperatures can reduce yields for staple crops like maize, cassava, and rice. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that many farmers employ traditional farming methods, leaving them ill-equipped to adapt to these rapid changes. As agricultural productivity declines, rural communities are further marginalized, leading to increased migration towards urban centers and creating additional strain on city resources.

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    The health implications of climate change in Nigeria are also far-reaching. Heatwaves, rising temperatures, and poor air quality can contribute to an increase in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, changing weather patterns can lead to the spread of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria and dengue fever, as the habitats for mosquitoes and other carriers expand. Food insecurity and malnutrition resulting from agricultural decline may also lead to increased susceptibility to diseases and weakened immune systems, particularly among children and vulnerable populations.

    The effects of climate change in Nigeria require a multifaceted approach, combining immediate action with long-term strategies. Efforts must include investment in climate-resilient agriculture, enhancing water management practices, and promoting sustainable land use. Furthermore, community awareness and education should be prioritized to prepare residents for potential climate impacts.

    As Nigeria continues to grapple with the challenges posed by climate change, concerted efforts from the government, civil society, and international partners are essential to safeguard the future and ensure a sustainable environment for generations to come. It is imperative for all stakeholders, including the citizens, to engage actively in combating this pressing global issue.

    •Talent Bassey Akpan,

    Bayero University, Kano.

  • Lagbaja: Farewell to a patriot

    Lagbaja: Farewell to a patriot

    • By Donald Khadi Philips

    Sir: The passing of Nigeria’s Chief of Army Staff, Lt. Gen. Taoreed Abiodun Lagbaja, has plunged the nation into profound mourning. The shock of his untimely death reverberates through the military, his family, and across Nigeria, as citizens reflect on the loss of a man who gave his life in service to his country. His absence is deeply felt, reminding us all of the sacrifices borne by those who lead the charge to keep our nation secure.

    Today, we honour his legacy, his virtues, and the monumental impact he left on Nigeria’s military and people.

    As a soldier, Lagbaja’s rise through the ranks was a testament to his leadership and grit. In a time of complex security challenges, he led with a calm, deliberate demeanour, earning the respect and trust of his colleagues. Those under his command viewed him not only as a leader but also as a mentor who inspired them to strive for excellence in service. Lt. Gen. Lagbaja’s strategic mind and compassionate leadership style left an indelible mark on the lives of many, strengthening the very fabric of Nigeria’s armed forces.

    His dedication to Nigeria’s unity was unparalleled. As a soldier and a leader, Lt. Gen. Lagbaja understood that the army’s duty was not solely in defence but also in fostering unity among diverse ethnic groups. His vision extended beyond the barracks, recognizing that true security must be coupled with a sense of shared identity and purpose. He envisioned a Nigeria where every citizen could feel secure and proud of their heritage, and he laboured ceaselessly to make this vision a reality.

    Gen. Lagbaja’s death is a stark reminder of the profound loss that comes with the passing of true leaders. In an era where Nigeria faces ongoing security threats, his absence leaves a void that will be difficult to fill. His death is not only a personal loss for his family and friends but a national tragedy, one that underscores the weight of sacrifice carried by our military leaders. It is a loss felt deeply by all who knew him and by the many that may never have met him but benefited from his service.

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    As we reflect on Lt. Gen. Lagbaja’s life, we are reminded of the importance of gratitude for those who dedicate their lives to our protection. His life, marked by service and sacrifice, serves as a poignant reminder of the price of security. The courage he demonstrated, the values he upheld, and the patriotism he personified, are all qualities that should inspire us as Nigerians to work toward a better and safer nation.

    In a world fraught with conflict, he remained committed to peace, hoping to leave behind a more secure Nigeria. His commitment to Nigeria’s peace, often at great personal cost, sets an example for all Nigerians to emulate. His legacy, built on a foundation of integrity and courage, will continue to inspire those who follow in his footsteps.

    The outpouring of grief following his death is a testament to the deep impact he made on those who had the privilege of knowing him. His spirit will live on in the hearts of his colleagues, friends, and the millions of Nigerians who benefited from his leadership. Lt. Gen. Lagbaja may be gone, but his memory will continue to inspire the army and the nation he served.

    It is fitting, therefore, that we honour his memory by redoubling our efforts to achieve the ideals he held dear. The best tribute we can pay Lt. Gen. Lagbaja is to commit ourselves to the unity, peace, and security of Nigeria. His life’s work reminds us of the enduring value of service and the strength of a spirit committed to the greater good.

    In times of national loss, we are reminded of the debt we owe to our military and its leaders, who give their all so that we may live in peace. Lagbaja’s sacrifice will not be forgotten, and his legacy will serve as a beacon for future generations.

    As we say our final goodbyes to Lt. Gen. Taoreed Abiodun Lagbaja, let us honour his memory by upholding the values he cherished. He was a soldier, a leader, and a patriot whose life has forever enriched our nation. May his soul rest in peace, and may his legacy continue to guide us toward a brighter and more secure Nigeria.

    •Donald Khadi Philips,

    University of Maiduguri

  • Trump: Forecasting trade implications for Africa

    Trump: Forecasting trade implications for Africa

    • By Kolawole Olaniyi

    Sir: Africa has greatly underperformed in the volume and content of its trade despite its population growth in the last five decades. With its exports currently accounting for a paltry 2.3 per cent of global trade, Africa’s trade has contracted (up from five per cent of global trade in the 1970s) and stagnated for over three decades and half.

    To forecast world trade implications under a second Donald Trump presidency, the best predictor would be his antecedents. Globalism discard, reciprocity and return to protectionism will be the hallmarks of Trump’s trade policy. In his first term, tariff became the tool he employed to extract new deals from other countries. His recent campaign rhetoric has been vexatious and opprobrious, especially when he constantly argues that maximising America’s economic power entails slapping levies on foreign countries.

    Many countries currently fear that the second Trump presidency will up the ante. Recall that Trump instigated a US trade war with China after his tariff on washing machines and solar panels, and then to steel and aluminium. Now, he’s planning tariffs of up to 60 per cent on made-in-China goods and also broached the idea of stripping China of its most-favoured nation status at the World Trade Organisation.

    Trump, through misleading information and flawed economic mastery, sold to his cult-like followers the notion that America’s economy is in jeopardy. By comparing America’s GDP in 1990, which was two-fifths of the G7, with now (which is half of G7), it is right to say that America has left other developed cum industrialised economies in the dust. According to The Economist, “America’s output per person is now about 30 per cent higher than in Western Europe and Canada, and 60 per cent higher than in Japan—gaps that have roughly doubled since 1990.”

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    Since 2020, its economy has grown by 10 per cent while other G7 members have experienced sluggish growth. Some have escaped recession by a whisker, while their economies are topsy-turvy.

    In fairness to the Trump administration, it began drafting a Free Trade Agreement with Kenya until President Joe Biden came in and set it aside in favour of the Strategic Trade and Investment Partnership. Trump did unveil a ‘new Africa Strategy’ to advance US trade and commercial ties with African nations. Its surreptitious underpinning was to counter the influence of America’s adversaries like China and Russia on the continent. At the announcement of the strategy at the Heritage Foundation in Washington DC, then National Security Advisor, Ambassador John Bolton, said,  “Great power competitors, namely China and Russia, are rapidly expanding their financial and political influence across Africa. They are deliberately and aggressively targeting their investments in the region to gain a competitive advantage over the United States.”

    With Trump emerging victorious, he will compel African countries to jettison Chinese products and embrace America’s as a quid pro quo for trade assistance. In the account of Martin Kimani, the Executive Director, NYU’s Centre on International Cooperation, on Trump’s eccentric way of making deals, he said, “When Trump met the then President Kenyatta in the Oval Office, the first question he asked him right after the courtesies is, how come you’re not doing business with American companies.” Trump presidency will urge the African countries to reduce import restrictions on US goods and agricultural products, especially the ones that face ‘unscientific barriers’ and put American farmers and producers at a disadvantage. Based on his modus operandi, any African country that fails to amend unfavourable trade policy to American companies risks brutal trade sanctions.

    •Kolawole Olaniyi,

     olaniyi.kolawole7@gmail.com

  • Nigerians and social media usage

    Nigerians and social media usage

    Sir: The advent of social media has been no doubt life transforming and life defining for many people around the globe. Nigerians are no exceptions. Even in liberal democracy, there is a recognition of the need for laws regulating social media because truth is, social media has not just granted unprecedented access to information and communication to global citizens, it has also become a favorite playground for global master criminals.

    Thus, as many life-changing connections have been made on social media have been directly counteracted by the many times it has been used for destructive purposes.

    According to according to Cable.co.uk, and We Are Social in 2024 report, Nigeria ranks in the top five for countries with most social media usage daily. Despite Nigeria’s population of about 250 million people, and teeming number of young people, this is still huge. The report states that Nigerians spend an average of three hours, twenty-three minutes daily on social media. With three hours, forty-three minutes on social media daily, Kenyans spend the most time on social media every day.

    Should this be a worry?

    In a country where cost and access to the internet remains prohibitive, it is a wonder that Nigerians are making efforts to stay connected.

    This connection has changed lives in Nigeria by redefining how Nigerians can connect with each other. It has given many young and budding entrepreneurs and creatives the opportunity to showcase their talents to the world, bringing life-changing incomes along with it.

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    But it has not been all good. Just as social media has been an unprecedented opportunity to connect, giving people a voice to change their lives, it has also been a breeding ground for fake news and hate speech which have proven particularly destructive of social ethos, threatening the very foundations of civilization.

    Very often on social media, a spark of fake news or hate speech is ignited, and because the space is particularly attuned to lies and misinformation, a firestorm of lies and hate is soon set off, spreading fast and incinerating lives and reputations in the process.

    While social media has been transformational thus far, Nigerians must also recognize the need to regulate what is at once a bounteous harvest and a bombshell. Agents of mischief whose ultimate aim is the destabilization of society and government abound on social media. Discretion is the better part of valour and in a space as numerous as space itself in the words of Emily Dickinson, prudence is a prize as well as the podium. It is also the price users should pay for the infinite possibilities available there.

    •Kene Obiezu,keneobiezu@gmail.com