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Category: Features

  • Challenges of reviving Delta’s four ports

    Challenges of reviving Delta’s four ports

    Stakeholders believe that reviving four ports in Delta State can reposition the state for economic and infrastructural transformation under the leadership of President Bola Tinubu. This effort is essential to ensure that the citizens of the state can fully enjoy the benefits of democracy. In this report, ELO EDREMODA explores the challenges and prospects associated with Delta’s four ports.

    Even though Delta State has been in opposition for an extended period, the imperative to rejuvenate the state’s economy and infrastructure has become absolutely crucial in the current administration. During the 16 years under the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) government, many residents believe the state suffered from a lack of progress in all the federal government establishments domiciled in the state.

     In addition to its substantial crude oil reserves, Delta State boasts an extensive coastline that extends into the Atlantic Ocean. Several decades ago, the state’s residents were actively involved in the thriving operations of ports located in Warri, Sapele, Koko, and Burutu regions. Agricultural products such as oil palm, rubber and timber were the primary exports. Presently, the state has two operational ports: Warri and Koko. Until recently, the Koko port, similar to the Sapele and Burutu ports, had been left abandoned.

     However, a few individuals initiated ceramic tiles exports, sparking renewed interest in this natural water port. The Nigerian Shippers’ Council (NSC) recently conducted a seminar in Effurun, analyzing the port’s potential, especially for agricultural exports. Conversely, it has been reported that both the Warri Old and New Ports are not currently involved in any product exports. Despite being operated by four concessionaires, these ports remain significantly underutilised. Factors such as shallow channels, damaged breakwaters, security concerns, high freight rates, additional expenses incurred due to local pilot fees, and limited pilotage hours have led entrepreneurs to prefer importing or exporting through ports in Lagos.

     “If anybody had needed to bring his cargo here, such as some construction companies, government agencies, what the individual need to do is charter a vessel. Recently, a one-liner comes once a month or two months through Julius Berger terminal and it’s only from Europe. It doesn’t go to Asian countries such as China. Of course, you know that’s where Nigerians do business,” Sir Chidi Njoku, Chairman, the Daily Berthing Committee (DBC), Delta Ports said.

    The collapse and struggle for revival

    Around 7:00 a.m. every day in the mid to late 1990s, a loud horn indicating the arrival of a ship would echo repeatedly across the oil city of Warri. The authorities and some stakeholders say the Warri crisis, which became full-blown in the late 1990s, contributed largely to the collapse of the port, as importers reportedly tagged the area “danger zone.” “The problem began with the Warri crisis. It is easier to destroy than to build. Vessel owners were scared. That misconception has not been erased,” Njoku said.

     In recent years, there has been clamour for the resuscitation of the Warri port. It was learnt that the Federal Government, in response to the calls, has twice contracted dredging of the channel in the past six years. However, findings reveal the job was poorly done. “They brought a dredger and, within three months, they removed it. They told us the permissible draft is six metres, but vessels that don’t even have up to that are also grounded. That tells you how bad the channel is,” a source privy to the last dredging work stated.

     Another source who spoke on some problems faced by importers said: “Because of the peculiarities of Delta ports, we have two sets of pilots- the NPA-trained pilots and locals trained by the NPA. When a vessel reports arrival, the locals who are the first contact will enter and navigate it to Bennet Island before NPA pilots will board. We pay them as high as N200,000 to bring in a vessel, and the same amount when the vessel leaves. That’s N400,000 for one vessel to the local pilot. All these things are additional costs. At other ports, there is nothing like a local pilot.

     “In Warri Port, there is no piloting at night because of the risk (of attacks) and shipping is all about time. If it exceeds the calculated time, one would pay charges for demurrage, some $5,000, $8,000 every day.”

     Dousing speculations of a purported plot to ruin the port, an NPA official who spoke in confidence said: “Between 2017 and 2023, the Federal Government has awarded two remedial dredging contracts to sweep the Escravos channel. Those who think the port wants to be ruined don’t know what it takes to keep the place. Maintenance yearly takes about $20 million. So, it’s not true.” The official further recalled that in the yesteryear when the port boomed, with four to five metres draft, vessels could ferry through the channel. “People now use bigger vessels. Also, ships are built with angular bottoms these days; hence the need for more depth.”

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     However, stakeholders have countered some assertions by the authorities. Reacting to the issue of crude oil pipes traversing the channel and preventing big ships from calling at the port, the Secretary of Itsekiri Leaders of Thought (ILoT), Sir Amorighoye Mene said it was a “lack of foresight” on the part of the players.

    The Fiyewei of Gbaramatu Kingdom, Chief Godspower Gbenekama, attributed the “lack of political will” on the part of the government to the “slow-paced” work at the port.

    At least 400 directly employed people resumed daily at the Warri NPA Complex. A minimal level of activity was observed during a visit to the complex on Tuesday October 3. A small ship was docked at the port. But efforts to speak with the authorities were unsuccessful. When approached, the Head of Public Affairs Unit explained that only officials at the NPA headquarters could talk to the press.

    Why Warri Port should be resuscitated

    The strategic location of the port and its proximity to the Northern and Eastern regions of the country make it viable. Also, the multiplier effect of a functional port is bound to improve the economy and livelihood of Warri residents: it would stimulate businesses, create employment; boost investors’ confidence and so on. Stakeholders, who spoke with our correspondent expressed disappointment that the ports have become subjects of electioneering promises.

     Nevertheless, there is hope that the President Tinubu administration would toe a different line by putting the ports into full-scale operation. “The government knows Warri Port is more centralised. We have been saying and making presentations on these things, to the former NPA MD, Hadiza and the present one, Koko. But everything ends there. So, they know what they are doing. Because if the government really wants to do it, what will it take them? Even though they say the breakwater is a capital-intensive project, the money is there and they know they are going to recoup it,” the Delta Ports DBC Chairman said.

     Chief Gbenekama harped on the need to involve locals in issues concerning the area. According to him, the Escravos bar is silted and there was a contract awarded by a former Minister of Transportation in collaboration with the NPA. For the reason that locals were not involved, they didn’t dredge the real channel, but a shallow place that has now silted. I think the NPA is failing in the area of dredging of the bars. Once it is done in the right way, we will not face what we are facing.

     “In general, I think there is no political will to make these ports work. If there is, these ports are money-spinning ventures that can give both the federal and state governments enough revenue. I think the political class of Delta State, especially people of Ijaw, Itsekiri and Urhobo extraction should see reviving these ports as their primary responsibility. The Ijaw, the Itsekiri and the Urhobo are a good percentage of people that feed the country,” he said.

     In the same manner, Sir Mene urged the government to “clear all administrative and bureaucratic bottlenecks” to make the ports operational. “Of course, the issue of concession has not worked. There is a need to look at this device as being deployed over the years and rejig them.” The ILoT scribe added: “With the Renewed Hope agenda of the Tinubu administration, we know that his government is here to right all the wrongs of the past. So, we are very hopeful that those two ports (Warri and Koko) will become operational.”

     He stressed the need for the government to incur the cost of fixing the Warri Port, stating thus: “If you do the cost-benefit analysis, you will see that both on the short and long-term, it would be wise to incur this cost because, at the end of the day, it would benefit our economy more. I believe that it is a cost that has been left unattended for too long and this is the right time to tackle that.” On insecurity, he said: “We have been talking to ourselves and our brothers to give peace a chance, particularly in the high waters, to stop kidnapping and all that. The only way to go about it if we want the money to come is to halt all sorts of insecurity in the region so that the investors can begin to invest their resources.”

    Importers seek waivers, lament high cost of operations

    Stakeholders in the business circle seek waivers from the NPA, given the peculiarities of the port. “Because we spend so much time, you grant incentives. If you are shipping to Europe, the freight charges are the same, all you need do is mention the port. That is not the case here. The charge to Lagos is different; proceeding to Warri, you pay more.

    “Despite that this port is underutilised and we beg vessels to come here, NPA uses the same rate for Lagos here. They are not giving concessions. In shipping, time is money. It takes a vessel about six hours after reporting arrival at the breakwater, to get to the port. In Lagos, it takes about 20 minutes. These things increase cost. We have serious limitations of the draft. The channel needs to be dredged. A vessel is grounded as we speak. What is the cause? The breakwater, built to stop wreckage from entering the channel, is broken. It is a big problem,” an importer who spoke in confidence said.

     The Federal Government, through the NPA Managing Director, Mohammed Bello-Koko, a few months ago said surveys on the about seven-kilometre breakwater estimated to gulp over $100 million, have been concluded. He has also assured the people of collaboration with the Nigerian Navy to ensure security in the area. The Executive Secretary of the NSC, Emmanuel Jime, identified gains of a “virile export sector” to the Nigerian economy as more foreign exchange earnings, stabilised exchange rate, strengthening of the naira and promotion of industrial activities.

     The Delta State Government, through the Ministry of Transport at the NSC seminar, said it is looking forward to partnerships on ways to promote exportation and importation through the ports across the state. Stakeholders are “praying” that the usual rigmarole that accompanies the government’s promises does not play out.

  • Between concrete and Asphalt road

    Between concrete and Asphalt road

    • Based on socio-economic cost-benefit analysis, concrete roads provide superior returns on social capital outlays in the medium to long-term basis

    The ongoing debate between concrete road construction and asphalt road construction in Nigeria has gained significant attention due to current circumstances. This discussion revolves around key factors such as durability, cost-effectiveness, maintenance, and environmental impact. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, leading to a careful consideration of multiple factors before making a choice. Minister of Works, Dave Umahi, recently emphasised these points, sternly reprimanding dissatisfied foreign contractors. He urged them to stop undermining the implementation of concrete road technology in Nigeria. Umahi, who disclosed that he had obtained President Bola Tinubu’s approval to proceed with this transformative policy, made it clear that the government’s initiative to adopt concrete road technology would continue without hindrance during his tenure. Although the minister refrained from naming specific wrongdoers, he expressed his determination to crack down on contractors who manipulate asphalt thickness, denying the government and the people the full value of their investment.

     According to a recent statement by the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC), about 135,000 kilometres of road network in the country are un-tarred. Nigeria has about 195,000 km road network out of which a proportion of about 32,000 km are federal roads while 31,000km are state roads. Out of this, only about 60,000km are paved. Of the paved roads, a large proportion is in very poor unacceptable condition due to insufficient investment and lack of adequate maintenance.

     In last 24 years, the federal government has allocated substantial funds for road construction, totalling over N2.4 trillion in the last 24 years. Notably, N301.8 billion was earmarked for road construction in 2016, followed by N347.5 billion in 2017, N159.5 billion in 2018, N262 billion in 2019, and N315.5 billion in 2020 for works and housing. Additionally, N241.864 billion was allocated in 2021, N280 billion in 2022 for road infrastructure, and N356 billion for both works and housing in 2023, with N321 billion designated for capital projects.

     However, mounting debt overhang for road contracts is a growing concern. The present administration currently owes contractors approximately N14 trillion for 2,604 roads covering 18,000 kilometers, inherited from the previous administration. There are apprehensions that the budget for road infrastructure might double due to these financial obligations. Umahi revealed, “The ministry has paid N4 trillion out of the N14 trillion owed to contractors between when we came on board and now. The balance left now is N10 trillion.”

     This financial strain might be the driving force behind the pivotal policy shift of the Tinubu administration, transitioning from traditional asphaltic, coal tar, or macadamised roads to concrete pavement, especially for arterial roads. Umahi, a two-term governor of Ebonyi State and a civil engineer himself, played a pivotal role in this decision. He has successfully implemented concrete roads in his state, roads that have withstood the test of time.

    Globally, transportation is acknowledged as a significant economic enabler, connecting goods and services to consumers across various societal segments. Nations worldwide consistently invest heavily in creating robust road networks. Road construction is a vital facet of infrastructural development, and the choice of materials for road pavements profoundly influences their durability, maintenance requirements, and overall performance. This decision-making process carries substantial implications for the nation’s road infrastructure and the convenience of its citizens.

    Concrete and asphalt roads – any difference?

    Concrete roads and asphalt roads differ fundamentally in their composition and properties. Concrete roads are constructed using a blend of cement, water, aggregates and sometimes chemicals to enhance adhesiveness, strength, and durability. Cement primarily binds the components together in concrete roads. Asphalt roads, on the other hand, utilise bitumen, a thick black liquid substance derived from petroleum, mixed with aggregates to create asphalt concrete. Asphalt roads have waterproofing properties, making them suitable for various weather conditions.

     While concrete roads are generally considered more expensive upfront compared to asphalt, they offer lower maintenance costs and an extended lifespan, often lasting for at least 50 years. In contrast, asphalt roads start showing signs of wear and stress after around 15 years. Experts speculate that Umahi may have considered the long-term cost-effectiveness of concrete roads, which involve minimal maintenance expenses over their lifetime. Dr. Omolola Adetona, former Lagos State Chairman of the Nigerian Institution of Civil Engineers, acknowledges that the maintenance costs for rigid pavement, such as concrete roads, might be higher and more technical than those for asphalt. However, she notes that evolving technologies, particularly precast methods, could simplify the deployment of concrete pavements, reducing the need for extensive on-site preparations. Despite technical advancements, Adetona points out potential challenges, such as material scarcity due to widespread adoption and geometric inflation of resources like cement, sand, reinforcements, and labour.

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     Ogbonnaya Obasi, a veteran in the construction industry, finds the ongoing conversation about concrete roads intriguing. He suggests that Umahi is confronting the practical realities of road construction, particularly in areas where the soil texture favours the use of concrete pavements for specific arterial roads over flexible alternatives. This highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate road construction method based on local conditions and long-term sustainability.

     While some, such as Isa Egbeyemi, attribute asphalt road failures to what he terms “the Nigerian factor,” emphasising the importance of precision in engineering, others argue for a combination of materials.  Afolabi Adedeji suggests that arterial roads should be made of concrete due to their durability and the heavy loads they endure daily. However, he acknowledges the quick deployment advantage of asphalt roads, especially in rural areas. Concrete roads tend to last 40 to 50 years with minimal maintenance, making them a cost-effective choice in the long run.

     Yet, the shift to concrete roads poses challenges. The initial cost for concrete roads can be significantly higher than that of asphalt roads. Adewuyi Adedeji, an engineer, highlights the cost difference: a kilometer of concrete road can cost up to N59,181,594.70, while an asphalt road costs around N49,766,822.68. This financial disparity raises concerns about job losses for local contractors, especially if multinational companies dominate the concrete road projects. Additionally, scarcity of bitumen, a key ingredient in asphalt pavements, could hamper the industry, necessitating government emphasis on bitumen exploration. The Cement Producers Association of Nigeria warns that the government’s concrete road plan might escalate cement prices. To mitigate potential crises, experts emphasise comprehensive soil tests to address soil challenges and suggest concurrent use of concrete and asphalt technologies, allowing time for contractors to adapt. Moreover, the government could support contractors by establishing machinery zones in each geopolitical zone, reducing equipment rental costs for road projects.

     A recent report by Proshare Nigeria Limited, titled “Roads – Concrete Vision, Asphalt Competition: Looking Ahead,” also emphasised the crucial need for durable materials in road construction in Nigeria. The report highlighted that the primary challenge in road construction within the country has been poor durability, not inflated costs. Concrete roads were identified as having an advantage over asphalt-bitumen-based constructions due to their superior durability. According to the report, asphalt roads tend to deteriorate under heavy traffic and intense tropical weather, making them fragile and requiring frequent repairs. In contrast, concrete roads are significantly more durable, lasting between 25 and 30 years without major reconstruction or repairs. The report emphasised that, from a socio-economic cost-benefit perspective, concrete roads provide superior returns on social capital outlays in the medium to long term.

     The report acknowledged the need for both concrete and asphalt roads, tailored for different parts of the country and various traffic conditions. It suggested constructing roads with heavy traffic and deadweight tension using concrete, while roads with lighter traffic and fewer vehicles should be built with asphalt technology, provided proper substructure preparation is undertaken. Regarding specific regions, the report recommended that roads in the southern part of the country, exposed to heavy rainfall and constructed on marshy and waterlogged terrains, should be made with concrete material. It also noted that both asphalt and concrete roads have their places in the overall infrastructure plan, with concrete being the default option for national and state highways, especially in regions experiencing heavy annual rainfall. Asphalt roads, on the other hand, are suitable for the northern part of the country with savannah plains and lower annual rainfall.

     The report emphasised that commercial competitiveness should guide the road architecture aligned with Nigeria’s socioeconomic aspirations. It highlighted that efficient road networks are critical for facilitating the movement of goods and people, which, in turn, enhances the country’s economic competitiveness. The report stressed that improving transportation efficiency within Nigeria’s borders and expanding value distribution to neighbouring African states are essential steps, especially in the context of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

     In summary, evidence shows that concrete roads are highly durable and can last for several decades without significant wear and tear, especially when properly constructed; concrete roads require minimal maintenance compared to asphalt roads because they are less prone to potholes and cracks, reducing the need for frequent repairs; concrete roads can withstand heavy loads, making them suitable for high-traffic areas and industrial zones; concrete surfaces offer lower rolling resistance, potentially resulting in better fuel efficiency for vehicles. However, constructing concrete roads often involves higher initial costs compared to asphalt roads; concrete roads require adequate time to cure and harden before they can be opened to traffic, causing potential delays; the production of cement, a key component of concrete, contributes to carbon emissions, making it less environmentally friendly.

     On the other hand, asphalt roads are generally cheaper to construct than concrete roads, making them a preferred choice for many projects; asphalt roads can be laid quickly and are ready for use shortly after construction, reducing traffic disruptions; asphalt is more flexible than concrete, allowing it to expand and contract with temperature variations, reducing the likelihood of cracks; damaged asphalt roads can be repaired relatively easily, and routine maintenance is simpler compared to concrete roads. However, asphalt roads have a shorter lifespan compared to concrete roads and may require more frequent resurfacing and repairs; due to wear and tear, asphalt roads need regular maintenance, including filling potholes and resurfacing, which can be costly over time; asphalt production involves the use of fossil fuels and can release pollutants into the environment.

    Roads are the lifelines of a nation, connecting people, places and opportunities. The choice between concrete and asphalt, the two most common road construction materials, involves a careful consideration of various factors. In the Nigerian context, the debate often centres on balancing the immediate cost concerns with long-term durability and maintenance requirements. Factors such as the availability of funds, the expected traffic volume, and the local climate influence the decision-making process. Some regions might opt for concrete roads in areas with heavy industrial traffic, while others might choose asphalt roads for their cost efficiency and quicker installation. Ultimately, the choice between concrete and asphalt road construction in Nigeria requires careful consideration of all these factors to ensure the construction of reliable, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable road networks.

  • Abuja’s traumatic one-chance problem

    Abuja’s traumatic one-chance problem

    The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) is fast transmuting into a haven for hoodlums who dispossess innocent and unsuspecting citizens of their belongings. Victims are lured into unmarked vehicles under false pretences, only to be subjected to harrowing experiences. JIDE BABALOLA reports

    In the bustling metropolis of Abuja, a sinister trend looms large, one that haunted its residents for years. It is known as one-chance robberies.

     These terrifying incidents leave victims traumatised and families in anguish, while many of the perpetrators continue to evade justice.

     The more the police make arrests, the more the number of increasingly audacious urban predators euphemistically called ‘one chance’ robbers seems to be around Abuja.

     On Tuesday, September 26, 2003, an incident occurred. The incident during which the faceless criminals fatally stabbed Miss Greatness Olorunfemi, a member of the Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI) Network and threw her out of a moving vehicle along the Maitama – Kubwa Highway is only the latest reported case; many more of such crimes are being perpetrated without any form of publicity.

     Indeed, a few days ago, a lady who closed from work around 5:00 p.m. discovered that the cab she boarded was that of ‘one chance’ robbers who forced her to lie down in an uncomfortable position on the car floor. The two fellows in the rear with her turned out to have a gun and knives and she obeyed their command not to raise any alarm while the vehicle drove from Sultan Abubakar Way to Berger Roundabout and then, returned to the spot where they earlier picked her up following the mysterious observation by one of them that their victim does not ‘qualify’ as the kind of ‘meat’ needed for their purpose.

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     On Tuesday, September 12, 2023, Constance, a hardworking female reporter was virtually kidnapped in one of such ‘one chance’ vehicles, held down by her tormentors who drove around for upwards of four hours during which they forced her to empty her bank accounts, solicit for urgent financial assistance from contacts on her telephone and immediately transfer such sums to their banking apps.

     Without a doubt, the faceless metropolitan scavengers who operate with unhindered anonymity among the hundreds of unpainted commercial kabukabu or drop vehicles that daily crisscross the federal capital city’s landscape have been sowing veritable seeds of fear and anxiety.

     It is very difficult for millions of people without personal cars to avoid boarding such vehicles once in a while. Even, car owners occasionally find the need to board such vehicles, especially in consideration of the fact about the scarcity of parking space at several destinations around the city.

     From November 15, 2007, to March 30, 2011, when he was the Commissioner of Police for the Federal Capital Territory, Haruna John (now of blessed memory) passionately waged a determined war against criminals, giving priority to the one-chance syndicates.

    In a chat with The Nation at that time, he lamented that for the Federal Capital Territory, it seemed as if the more the police cleared a few away, the more several other gangs appeared to take their place and prolong the perpetual threat.

     One Chance robberies are not a new phenomenon in Abuja; they have persisted for years. Victims are often lured into unmarked vehicles under false pretences, only to be subjected to harrowing experiences. Such encounters frequently end in robbery, physical assault and, sometimes even murder. These crimes cast a dark shadow over the city’s reputation and sowed fear among its residents.

     A traumatic encounter with these criminals leaves victims with serious psychological scars.

    Ada, a young professional who was a victim of a one- chance operation recalls the horror of being abducted and robbed at knifepoint, an experience that still haunts her.

     “I’m not the same person I was. The fear is always there, lurking in the back of my mind,” she says. This kind of trauma is not unique to Ada; countless others have similar stories of shattered security.

     Abuja’s law enforcement agencies have been tirelessly pursuing these criminals, but they admit it’s a taxing battle.

    Inspector Mohammed, an officer with years of experience said: “These criminals are highly organised and constantly changing their tactics. They blend in with regular traffic, making it difficult to apprehend them.” The police’s efforts are hindered by limited resources and the sheer scope of the problem.

     One of the most notorious spots for such crimes and other random criminal attacks used to be the area around the National Mosques where the bushes are foreboding enough for any daring policeman.

     However, with a mobile police patrol team now stationed in the area, such incidents have become rare.

     A few days ago, September 21 specifically, the Federal Inland Revenue’s Security Department, in a statement titled “More Identified Red Flag Spots at Night Hours in Abuja, Part 2” noted that “the growing concerns about the daring manner/antics by thieves disguising as taxi operators (one chance) in some metropolitan cities, especially in Abuja.” He listed the red flag spots and routes where several people had reported terrible encounters.

     Among these routes which lead to and from Abuja’s satellite towns are Area 1–Berger, Area 1 to Area 10, Area 1-Lugbe, Apo Mechanic Village axis, Abuja – Kubwa Expressway and the City Gate area that leads to Lugbe, Kuje and Airport Road.

    Within Abuja city, the more notorious areas are Areas 1 (Under the Bridge and across), Area 2 Shopping Plaza, areas behind the VIO Office and Zone 2 in Wuse.

     One of the top tips being offered for personal security is for commuters to board only the painted registered taxis or hail online taxi cab services as all these tend to be registered and easily traceable.

     It is also essential to consider boarding commercial vehicles at popular and designated taxi parks instead of hurriedly boarding any vehicle that comes along.

     Also worth considering is the need to avoid late evening or very early morning trips as criminals tend to take advantage of such odd hours.

     For car owners, the FIRS Security Department advises that they should “always wind-up windshields and pin-down all doors of your vehicle while driving and never be distracted by any sudden bang of tap on the vehicle. Ensure a calm approach to address all situations; if the need arises to alight from your car, ensure you lock the vehicle doors while outside.”

     No doubt, in view of Abuja’s special significance, recommendations for a safer Abuja ought to be considered and reviewed from time to time by the police and other security and law enforcement agencies towards tackling the ‘one chance’ menace more effectively.

    For one, there is a great need for enhanced surveillance; installing more surveillance cameras at strategic points can aid in identifying and tracking these criminal groups.

     Secondly, community involvement can help reduce such incidents; encouraging residents to be vigilant and report suspicious activities can help deter one-chance robberies.

     In Abuja, the time is long overdue for stiffer penalties, especially as police sometimes speak of arrested criminals getting off lightly in court only to resume their nefarious activities in no time. Advocating for stricter penalties for one-chance criminals may help deter potential offenders.

     Specialised training for police units is also needed to help combat this specific threat effectively. This may be further complemented by public awareness campaigns to educate residents about the risks and preventive measures.

     One-chance robberies continue to inflict emotional scars on Abuja’s residents, leaving them in a perpetual state of fear. It is a problem that requires collaborative efforts, from law enforcement to the community, to create a safer environment for everyone. By addressing the issue head-on, Abuja can rebuild its reputation as a city where its residents can move about without the haunting spectre of one-chance robberies.

  • How Ilobu-Ifon land dispute claimed lives, left communities in ruins

    How Ilobu-Ifon land dispute claimed lives, left communities in ruins

    A long-standing cold war between the communities of Ilobu and Ifon, rooted in a bitter land dispute, recently escalated, resulting in devastating consequences for the two Osun communities. Lives were lost and properties worth millions of naira were destroyed. The cause of this recent conflict, as reported by TOBA ADEDEJI, sheds light on the deep-seated issues leading to this tragic event.

    For 41-year-old Muideen Azeez, a livestock farmer who had relocated from Lagos to Osun State to start afresh, the conflict shattered his life. All that he had worked for, all the capital he had invested in his livestock business, was destroyed. In his despair, he contemplated returning to Lagos, where he had originally gathered his resources. Yet, his strong moral compass prevented him from resorting to crime or dark rituals. The future seemed bleak for him and his family, left without a home or even basic necessities.

    Oladipupo Ishola echoed similar sentiments, counting the losses incurred by his family. Their property, which housed valuable machines and generators, was burnt down by arsonists. This loss meant not only financial ruin but also dashed hopes and dreams. The destruction of their means of wealth threw them into abject poverty, leaving them with nothing but despair and regret. Hannah, a young woman who had come to Osun State full of hope after her service year, was among those evacuated from the warring communities. The clash she witnessed shattered her illusions of safety and peace. She vowed never to return, her belief in the tranquillity of her new home irreparably damaged. Visiting the once lively communities, our correspondent found now-deserted areas. What were once bustling neighbourhoods resembled desolate wastelands. Football pitches, once filled with laughter and cheers, were now grazing fields for animals. The war, lasting less than 48 hours, had left a trail of destruction. Shops had been looted, their contents taken by either owners seeking refuge or opportunistic criminals. Basic items such as shoes and clothes were strewn about, evidence of the hurried escape of residents seeking safety from the chaos.

    The conflict between Ilobu and Ifon communities serves as a grim reminder of the human cost of unresolved disputes. It has left families shattered, homes destroyed, and futures uncertain. As these communities grapple with the aftermath, the scars of this conflict will linger, a testament to the importance of resolving differences through peaceful means.

    Court matters over land tussle

    Ilobu community, the headquarters of Irepodun local government area and Ifon, headquarters of Orolu Local Council, Osun State, have both been laying claims to two areas named Opapa and Gbere. The contested land has been embroiled in legal disputes since 1968, starting in the days when the state was still a part of the old Oyo State. These litigations continued for decades, lingering on until 2018. Among the suit numbers of cases that the two communities contended in court are: Suit No: HOS/29/64; Supreme Court case of 1968; FCA/1/19/68; HOY/20/70 between Oba J. O. Akinyooye II, the Olufon of Ifon and Oba Aminu O. Siyanbola, the Olobu of Ilobu; Appeal No FCA/I/1978 between Oba J. O. Akinyooye II, the Olufon of Ifon and Prince Salami Adesina; Suit No HOS/22/86 between Jimoh Adigun and Oba Asiru Olaniyan; Appeal No CA/I/153/98 between Amusa Akanni and Oba Asiru Olaniyan; Suit No HOS/22/86; Appeal No SC 94/2015; Suit No HOS/40/2015 between Oba A. A. Magbagbeola (Olufon of Ifon) & Orolu local government and the Governor of Osun State and others.

    In July 22, 2005, a violent clash erupted between the two communities when workers of the National Population Commission attempted to demarcate parts of the disputed areas. This incident laid the groundwork for the gazette issued by then Governor Rauf Aregbesola’s administration in 2014, documented in the State Legal Notice No. 9 of 2014 published in Osun State of Nigeria Gazette No. 1 Vol. 24 on October 13, 2014. The gazette allocated a significant portion of the disputed land to the Ilobu and Erin-Osun communities. Allegations arose that a prominent aide of Aregbesola influenced the gazette, leading to a legal challenge by the Ifon community in suit number HOS/40/15. Despite losing the initial case, the community appealed the decision in suit number CA/AK/168/19, which remains unresolved in court to this day.

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    Cold war resurges over military project

    In a recent development, a retired military General and a close associate of the Olobu of Ilobu, Oba Ashiru Olaniyan, visited the palace on August 28, 2023. During the meeting, the monarch appealed to the General to support a project under the Military-Civil Relationship initiative in his community. The General suggested an intervention project – a medical centre in Osun State – and together with some palace representatives, visited a portion of disputed land for the proposed project site. This raised suspicions among the community leaders of Ifon, who alleged that the Ilobu community was using the military to subtly encroach upon their land by planning the project on the disputed territory without consulting them.

    In response, a protest was organised on August 29, led by the regent and Eesa of Ifon, Chief Babatunde Oyetunji. He expressed dismay that the Nigerian Army intended to implement a project on ‘their’ land without their involvement. Chief Oyetunji cautioned that such military actions might escalate tensions in the communities. He stated, “We have learned that the proposed facility will be constructed on Orolu land, with a potential hidden agenda of claiming it belongs to the Ilobu community. We take this opportunity to urge President Bola Ahmed Tinubu (GCFR) and the Chief of Army Staff to exercise caution in this matter to prevent a communal clash, which could result in loss of lives and properties.

    “The two communities of Ifon Orolu and Ilobu are no stranger to frequent clashes and it would be unwise to deliberately cause another one at this point in time. We hereby state as follows: We are fully aware that General Taoreed, the Chief of Army Staff is an indigene of Ilobu in Irepodun Local Government of Osun State. While the people of Orolu Local Government are not opposed to any development in Irepodun & Orolu Local Government areas, any development project must be done in consultation with relevant stakeholders and especially those whose land would be used to host the projects. We want to categorically state that some of the places the military officials were sighted during the tour actually belong to the Odofin and Eleesi families in Ifon-Osun.”

    However, Ilobu Community, represented by the spokesperson of Olobu-in-Council and Jagun of Ilobu, Chief Adegoke Ogunsola, responded to the protest, absolving the Nigeria Military of the allegations made by Ifon community. He emphatically stated that the areas visited are, without a doubt, integral parts of Ilobu Community. Chief Ogunsola pointed out that court rulings and the Osun State Gazette have repeatedly validated this claim.

    Nigeria Army reacts

    Spokesperson of the Nigerian Army, Onyema Nwachukwu, described the allegation as malicious and false, calling on the public to disregard it. He said the Army was not yet involved in any process regarding acquisition of any piece of land for any project whether in Orolu or elsewhere, but that the protesters were “only out to tarnish the good image of the army chief and the institution it represents.”

    “Part of the measures taken by the Nigerian Army to boost the trust of the populace in the Nigerian Army is through the instrumentality of Civil-Military Cooperation activities or programmes of the Nigerian Army. This effort is fundamentally geared towards fostering cooperation and galvanising support of the civil populace for NA’s diverse operations to mitigate security challenges across the country. Hence, the NA usually executes special community intervention projects, such as hospitals, boreholes, electrification amongst others based on needs assessment, after consultations with the leadership of such communities, at the behest of senior officers, who hail from the benefiting community,” the army spokesman said.

    On September 16th, the spokesperson for the Osun State Police Command, Yemisi Opalola, confirmed the tragic killing of a 28-year-old, Sodiq Alamu, an Ilobu native from Ajana’s compound at Opapa village. She called for calm between Ilobu and Ifon, assuring that the command had initiated an investigation into the farmer’s death. Opalola also revealed that there were clandestine meetings being held by certain individuals and groups with intentions to incite violence within the communities.

    On Sunday, September 17th, 2023, the police confirmed the killing of an admission seeker named Ibraheem Qudus at Okanla. Investigations revealed that a gang of twenty hoodlums invaded Okanla and fatally shot the admission seeker. The hoodlums then evacuated Qudus’s body and placed it inside a parked car, which they later set ablaze. This incident prompted the Osun State Government to impose a dusk-to-dawn curfew on both communities until stakeholders from Ifon and Ilobu could meet and resolve the situation.

    The tension between Ifon and Ilobu escalated further due to provocative actions on both sides. Leaders from both communities made inciteful statements on radio stations, fueling animosity. On October 3rd, 2023, Ifon community sponsored a radio jingle, announcing their intention to perform traditional rituals, including sacrifices at strategic locations, one of which was the disputed land. This announcement agitated the Ilobu community, leading to confrontations when individuals attempted to carry out these rituals on the contested land.

    Tragedy struck again on October 4th, near Oba via Gbere, where two individuals, one from Erin-Osun and the other from Ilobu, were shot by unidentified gunmen while returning from a dam. Regrettably, Taye, an Erin-Osun native, succumbed to his injuries, while the other victim is still receiving treatment in an undisclosed hospital. Concerns about an impending communal clash grew, prompting Barrister Samuel Ojo, the Special Adviser to Governor Ademola Adeleke on Security, to sound the alarm. He urged security forces to deploy personnel to both communities to prevent an outbreak of violence. In the early hours of Thursday, the clash erupted, with gunfire echoing through the air. Houses were set ablaze, and properties were destroyed as the two communities engaged in violent conflict. During the clashes, a Divisional Police Officer and three other operatives were shot by hoodlums who accused them of supporting one community against the other. The police patrol van was also torched by arsonists.

     In response to the escalating conflict, Prince Jide Akinyooye, the Secretary of Ifon-Orolu Progressive Union, alleged that the police deployment was inadequate. He claimed that the government had only deployed 13 policemen, emphasizing that Ilobu had caused significant casualties, destroying homes and taking lives in the ongoing war. Akinyooye further stated that firearms and other weapons were distributed at the Olobu palace before the attack, resulting in widespread fear and desertion within the community. However, Spokesman of Ilobu-in-council, Chief Ogunsola, explained that, “Radio jingle by Ilobu people caused the recent war. They said they will take sacrifices some of our land. We alerted all the Baales, on Wednesday, the Ilobu people started taking sacrifice to a place called Ekutu, people of the area resisted them and send them back. This made them(Ifon) to attack our people on their way to farm.”

     Ogunsola vehemently refuted the accusations of distributing firearms and weapons at the Olobu palace during the clash. He clarified that the Ilobu natives who lost their lives were victims of gunshots fired by military personnel deployed to the area. The Jagun highlighted the tragic incident where even a baby fell victim to the indiscriminate gunfire of the military. Furthermore, there were claims that before the clash erupted, a police officer had fired multiple shots at the town’s 33KVA power supply line, causing a disruption in the electricity supply to the town.

  • UN abandons us under Biya’s genocidal war, says Ambazonian leader

    UN abandons us under Biya’s genocidal war, says Ambazonian leader

    Ambazonian Vice-President, Yerima Darbney says the United Nations, United Kingdom and others have abandoned the Southern Cameroon while suffering  under French Cameroon’s rule of tyranny, war crimes and state-instituted terror. He also speaks on why his people want independence. ASSISTANT EDITOR Bola Olajuwon reports

    This is not the best time to live in Southern Cameroon, an area which has been part of the Republic of Cameroon since 1961. Since 1994, pressure groups in the Southern Cameroons claim there was no legal document (treaty of union) binding Southern Cameroon and French Cameroon together in accordance to UNGA RES 1608(XV) paragraph 5. Therefore, they are seeking to gain independence from the Republic of Cameroon. They renamed the area as Ambazonia on October 1, 2017. But its leaders remain operational from abroad.

     Mr. Julius Ayuk Tabe, the first president of the Interim Government (IG) of the country was, before his arrest, living in Nigeria from where the council was arranging meetings. In September 2017, he called on the takumbengs – groups of older women protecting protesters from troops – to lead the processions. From Nigeria, Ayuk Tabe took the lead after Cameroonian authorities arrested lawyers and teachers. He also made several appearances on local and intern On Friday, January 5, 2018, Nigerian forces held him and nine members of his cabinet at the Nera hotel, where they were holding meetings. They were charged with terrorism and secession and then delivered to Cameroon’s Kondengui prison where they have been serving life terms since January 2018. Cameroon’s  military also responded with a crackdown, and rebels took up arms, claiming to defend the English-speaking minority. The International Crisis Group, an independent organisation based in Brussels working to prevent wars and promote peace, said the conflict has killed thousands of people and displaced 750,000.

    Read Also: Nigeria, others ask IMF, World Bank for debt relief

     Speaking in an online chat with The Nation, Ambazonian Vice President, Yerima Darbney, blamed the UN for the crisis in Southern Cameroon. He called the international organisation as a toothless bulldog. According to him, it is an institution created to run the imperialists agenda by making sure that there is over-exploitation and the complete destruction of the African continent, “the richest continent in the world.”

    ‘UN turns a blind eye’

    Arguing on the link between the alleged genocide in Cameroon and the UN, he said: “Where was the UN during the genocide in Rwanda? Where is the UN as the genocidal war declared by Paul Biya of French Cameroon in Ambazonia rages on? It is six years now, where is the UN? Where is the UN when Ambazonian refugees in Nigeria have no access to good medical facilities, a situation that has resulted in the death of many?

     “Where was the United Nations when the leaders of Ambazonia, including Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe, were abducted in Nigeria and extradited to French Cameroon against international law? Since then, he and others have been serving life sentences. The sad thing is most of them had refugee status in Nigeria. When the Russian Ukrainian war broke out, I wish you were in America, Canada or Europe to see how these countries took care of Ukrainians fleeing the war and how Africans were maltreated.

     “The UN doesn’t serve the purpose of Africa. The UN turns a blind eye because there is serious awareness going on in Africa and it defeats the purpose for her existence. Africans now understand better how these organisations operate. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, UN peacekeeping forces have been accused of looting the natural resources instead of fighting those responsible for killing the people and exploiting their resources.” 

    The UN Security Council, the Ambazonian Vice President noted, has failed to assume its responsibility under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations to deal with French Cameroon’s colonial war in the Southern Cameroons. “In the circumstances, it is not inconceivable that the Southern Cameroons abandons the self-defence posture to which it has so far restrained itself, in accordance with Article 51 of the UN Charter. It may eventually broaden its offensive posture by targeting economic and social infrastructure in French Cameroun that supports that country’s war effort in Ambazonia, in the same way social and economic infrastructure in the Southern Cameroons (Amabazonia) continues to be targeted by the French Cameroon army.

     “The objective of this new offensive would be to bring it home to Emmanuel Macron and Paul Biya that their fanciful claim that “l’Ambazonie est Camerounaise” (Ambazonia belongs to Cameroun) is a pipe-dream and that pursuing it will be very painful for French Cameroon in 2023 and beyond, in the same way as the French claimed in 1962 that “l’Algerie est francaise” (Algeria belongs to France) was for France.  The people of the Southern Cameroons strongly reject any idea or suggestion, explicit or implicit, that the Southern Cameroons is an area under French influence given that the Southern Cameroons does not have and has never had any ties, colonial or otherwise, with France,” he said. 

    ‘Biya after 42 years in power is unpopular, frail’

    On how he sees President Paul Biya and his government, which has been in office in the last 42 years, Darbney said: “Paul Biya after 42 years in power is unpopular, frail, and begging for death to take him. His legacy is and will be that of the worst President, who ever existed in French Cameroun. He took a vibrant country from Ahidjo and for 42 years, Paul Biya and his tribal junta has reduced the country into a failed state with huge external debts and dilapidating infrastructure.

     “French Cameroon is seriously divided internally because President Biya is very tribalistic. Biya started the genocidal war in Ambazonia in November 2017, and he will likely die while the war rages on. The killings in Ambazonia have all the hallmarks of what Paul Biya’s marauding tribal troops are doing on behalf of their neo-colonialist and imperialist master, France, whose only interest is natural resources in Ambazonia.

     “As a puppet of France, nothing really changed since he took power regarding French Cameroon’s annexationist, assimilationist, colonisation agenda for six decades in our territory. What has changed is the war declared on our people in November 2017 by Paul Biya. The six years old ongoing war of extermination in the territory of the Southern Cameroons has finally redefined itself. It has redefined itself from a war simply of self-defence against the predatory onslaught of France and its vassal state of French Cameroun, to a decolonisation war.”

    40,000 civilians dead so far

     According to the Ambazonia leader, as of August 2023, 40,000 civilians have lost their lives in the Cameroon’s attack on Southern people.  About 1,000,000 persons, he claimed, have fled to Nigeria and other countries as refugees, and about 1,500,000 are internally displaced (IDPs).

    “About 550 towns and villages and countless homes have been burnt down by the French Cameroon military. Hundreds of females have been raped – a good number deliberately infected with HIV and other STDs-, scores of children killed in targeted killings, food and food crops, and livestock destroyed to impose conditions of famine, water sources defiled and polluted to provoke a pestilence, and mass graves punctuate the landscape.

     “Genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity are committed in the Southern Cameroons by French Cameroun military, which systematically continues to kill women, teenagers, and even babies, the elderly and the infirm. Presidents Macron and Biya bear direct responsibility for these heinous crimes.

     “Six years into the deadly conflict, Paris and Yaounde are still dreaming of forcing the territory and people of the Southern Cameroons to remain their colony for resource looting and plundering. Paris and Yaounde are attempting to pin down the Southern Cameroons as a French sphere of cultural influence and economic backyard. France seeks to impose on the Southern Cameroons, via French Cameroun, its evil colonial ‘accords de cooperation’. France seeks to impose the continued use of France’s colonial currency, the Franc CFA, which is a key tool of colonial control by France. The Southern Cameroons (Ambazonia) was never a French colony.

     “In a rare lucid internal moment, Biya admits that his colonial forces in Southern Cameroons/Ambazonia are terrorists from the French Cameroun State. He transformed French Cameroun into a terrorist state with serious instructions from his imperialist master, France, to implement black on black colonialism and assimilation of Southern Cameroons/Ambazonia. His rule with a sinful vanity for close to half a century is akin to that of an emperor without clothes. The present wave of change in Africa gives him sleepless nights.”

     On whether people of Southern Cameroon are enjoying their rights, he said: “There is no freedom of speech in that country. Many journalists who wrote about the right to fight for self-determination, which is our basic human rights, are arrested, brutalised, locked up in jail and put under serious torture. A typical example, Wazizi, an Ambazonian journalist was tortured to death in jail. Kingsley Njoka, another Ambazonian journalist is still in prison for just being an English-speaking journalist.”

    The way forward

    On possible solution, he noted: “Our strongest hope is a peaceful solution to the conflict by the establishment of a United Nations Internationally Mandated Fact-Finding Mission to our territory. Although we are determined to keep negotiations high on our agenda, we must agree that the regime in Yaounde is not ready for any negotiation because war is good business for some of them and their partners.

     “The people of the Southern Cameroons strongly believe, and are convinced, that Britain should be actively involved in resolving the Southern Cameroons problem. The Southern Cameroons have historical ties with Britain going as far back as 1833. It developed cultural ties with Britain during nearly half a century of British rule, from 1914-1961. Britain is a world power and a major player in the world. They believe in a post-independence mutually beneficial partnership with Britain in key sectors such as oil and gas, minerals exploration and exploitation, infrastructural development, especially roads, rail, air and seaports, security in the Gulf of Guinea, as well as capacity-building in sectors such as education, agriculture, energy, policing, legal and judicial system, and public administration.

     “The people of the Southern Cameroons firmly believe that Britain, working together with its many friends, can ensure the release of all citizens of the Southern Cameroons arbitrarily seized and being held hostage in French Cameroon prisons. Britain has the necessary leverage and can pressurise that country to abandon its colonial adventure in the Southern Cameroons. Republique du Cameroun should be required to respect international law, the unquestionable and inalienable right of the people of the Southern Cameroons to self-determination, their right to sovereign title to their territory, and their right to economic, social, and cultural development.

     “Republique du Cameroun must be called upon to respect the Charter of the United Nations, UNGA Resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960, UNGA Res 1541 (XV) of 15 December 1960, and the Constitutive Act of the African Union, Article 4b which lays down the foundational principle of intangibility of African borders as obtained on the date of independence (French Cameroun obtained independence from France on 1 January 1960 and her borders were frozen at the UN on 20 September 1960 and Southern Cameroons/Ambazonia was never a part of that).

     “The people of the Southern Cameroons further believe French Cameroun should be required to withdraw its troops, police and colonial administration from the Southern Cameroons.”

    ‘Ambazonia want complete independence’

    On why does Ambazonia want complete independence Darbney, declared: “Again, as a servant leader, that decision of total independence has been taken by the people. The people of Southern Cameroons in a very rare kind of referendum made that decision on 22 September 2017, when they all came out in all the cities, towns and villages of the territory with peace branches to declare they all wanted complete independence.

    “Personally, I think independence is the only way to permanently resolve and restore peace because the two Cameroons are incompatible in many ways, the trust between the people has been irreparably shattered.  Our forebears tried the middle ground for a federation, but the incompatibility and distrust within the system and the people culminated in the present predicament. So, another middle ground this time around will be simply passing the war and hostilities to the next generation. We, the never-again generation have resolved not to pass this on to the next generation. It’s total independence for us now.”

  • Israel, Morocco relations: Prospect for Nigeria’s agriculture sector

    Israel, Morocco relations: Prospect for Nigeria’s agriculture sector

    Israel and Morocco are among the leading global giants in agriculture. The economic tie between both countries is burgeoning. The Moroccan business sector has been holding a series of meetings with Israeli companies to reinforce the economic partnerships between them. As Nigeria shares historical relationships with the two countries, DANIEL ESSIET looks at the prospect of collaboration helping the growth of Nigeria’s agriculture sector.

    Nigeria, like other developing countries, faces an increasing demand for food. The population is expected to hit 250 million by 2050. At its current food consumption pattern, the government and the private sector would need to increase food production and supply in order to address the challenges of availability and nutrition quality.

    In a bid to strengthen its food security policy, the Federal Government has begun to implement a state-of-emergency programme. This, it is believed, will help accelerate the transformation of the food industry.

     Several initiatives beyond palliatives are being undertaken to inspire a more innovative approach to strengthening food security through agronomic management of crop quality, yields, and disease resilience.  This would require much science and technology development to close the knowledge gap for elevating yield, quality, and sustainability.

     For analysts, many lessons can be learnt if the government draws from the expertise provided by Israel and Morocco, two leading countries with active agricultural industries, delivering on food security and nutrition without compromising economic, social and environmental bases.

    Both countries have well-equipped agricultural tech hubs that offer resources for research and development work as well as improved food production efficiency and supply of farming talent.

    Israel is home to a myriad of farms, producing food in a climate-resilient, energy-efficient way.

    Read Also: Israel-Palestine war: CAN calls for calm, diplomatic solutions

    According to reports, so many achievements have been recorded in boosting their nutritional value, even as there are immense research projects carried out to tackle some of the complex challenges associated with multiplication agriculture.

     Israel is in the lead in creating scientific solutions that will simultaneously benefit the environment and the population, while Morocco, a leader in African seafood production and the largest exporter of sardines in the world, is developing a world-class marine agriculture sector.

    Since normalising their diplomatic ties in 2020, Israel and Morocco have repeatedly expressed their determination to boost bilateral cooperation in a wide range of sectors.

     The partnership revolves around numerous fields of cooperation that impact the future of food security, climate-smart agriculture, water, climate change, remote sensing, renewable energies, entrepreneurship, venture capital and hospitality sectors. Specifically, the partnership enables scientific and technical experts from Morocco and Israel to consult and collaborate on sustainability initiatives.

     Last year, the Moroccan National Institute of Agronomy and Israel’s Volcanic Centre of Agricultural Research agreed to enhance cooperation, and exchange experiences and know-how in farming and agricultural research.

     The agreement was sealed on the sidelines of the 1st International Conference on Food Production Technologies from the Sea and the Desert which was held from October 18 to 20 2022 in Eilat Israel.

     The Director of the Moroccan Agronomy Institute, Faouzi Bekkaoui, who signed the cooperation deal with Volcani Centre, said the two sides have started working on building a partnership.

    “We have also proposed several projects under the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)-sponsored Middle-East Regional Cooperation Programme (MERC) supporting projects among Arab countries and Israel,” he said, citing, in this regard, water scarcity management in agriculture and genetic improvement of tomatoes.

    Why the partnership matters for Nigeria’s agriculture

    Like Nigeria, Morocco faces food security challenges; particularly in the area of protein-rich foods. However, it has set itself an ambitious goal of significantly increasing the volume of production of edible fish farming. Marrakesh-based Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P) Ventures is looking to expand investments in Israeli technologies to help scale up biotech solutions in Africa via investment in the early-stage startups in such areas as biotechnology and alternative protein-related to agriculture and the alternative food market sector.

     The four Israeli food tech startups led by Halman-Aldubi Technologies, are taking part in the project together with UM6P to develop sustainable food solutions without the need for water, land or energy.

    As part of the project, the university, in cooperation with Israeli startups, will produce high-protein fish food from municipal organic waste, insects and algae. Israeli startup, FreezeM has developed technology for extracting protein from insects and focuses on the creation of a stockpile of ready-to-use suspended black soldier fly neonates providing a solution for agricultural seed production.

     Seakura has developed a patented technology for growing algae and seaweed outside the sea containing high amounts of protein, minerals, nutritional fibre, antioxidants, chlorophyll and vitamins.

     Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and the Africa Union (AU) have been convening meetings with Morocco and Israel to orchestrate activities that will result in access to sufficient nutritious food to meet dietary needs, and for the people on the Continent to live healthy and active lives.

     In 2020, FAO and the Government of Israel signed an agreement to support the Food Coalition, which was aimed at mobilising financial resources, innovation and technical expertise, promoting advocacy initiatives and establishing a neutral space for dialogue among diverse and key stakeholders in support of countries most in need. Since the historic formation of the Food Coalition, Israel has been actively participating and committed to voluntary financial contributions.

     Indeed, numerous challenges restrain Nigeria and the rest of Africa from fully achieving food security.

    Going by the progress achieved by both countries, the Chief Executive of Agricultural and Rural Management Training Institute (ARMTI), Dr Olufemi Oladunni noted that strengthening diplomatic relations between Jerusalem and Rabat will help Nigeria to respond to meet demographic, economic and environmental challenges of the agricultural sector.

    “Israel is a desert place where everywhere is green. Their experience in transforming the desert into green land is legendary. When you get there, everywhere is green. You wouldn’t know it was a desert.

     But here where we have rainforest, you wouldn’t find enough arable green land to grow crops. The experience Israel has gotten over centuries about how they can provide food for themselves throughout the year despite being in the desert is worth knowing about so that we can transfer this knowledge to help us tackle desert encroachments. “Every year, we lose our lands to desert encroachment. That is why we need Israel for irrigation experience. We need their partnership, experiences and capacities in addressing these environmental threats to agriculture,” he said, stressing the belief that “Nigeria can explore Israeli agricultural technologies to address droughts and other extreme weather conditions.”

     As the United Nations and other agencies project Nigeria’s population to reach 250 million by 2050, Oladunni contended that agricultural output must surge.

     Globally, Israel has been praised for achieving a significant production increase with a minimal increase in agricultural area. According to him, Nigeria has a lot to learn from the Israeli expertise in the agriculture sector as Israeli farmers have had to contend with a difficult environment and limited water resources. He added that their experience is especially relevant to Nigeria in terms of deploying innovations in irrigation.

     A number of Israeli startups are using drones to assess how trees are performing, which helps farmers get more out of their land. Across Africa, farmers are utilising this technology to grow a wide variety of foods more efficiently, including macadamia nuts, almonds, oranges, lemons and apple trees.

    Oladunni supports the spread of technologies that allow the food system to overcome traditional limitations such as climate, land and water. This, he believes, Israel and Morocco can offer Nigeria by introducing useful technologies in urban farming that help grow vegetables in climate-controlled indoor spaces that provide optimal conditions for plant growth quality, light, temperature and humidity.

    Fertiliser supply sufficiency

    According to the World Bank report in 2022, fertiliser consumption in Israel was 240 kilograms (KG) per hectare; fertiliser consumption (kilograms per hectare of arable land) in Nigeria was reported at 18.61 KG in 2021.

    Though Nigeria and Israel have shared an extensive economic, defence and strategic relationship based on mutual trust and cooperation, analysts believe the agriculture sector has huge potential and provides ample opportunities for collaboration and innovation. Israel Chemicals Limited has been promoting improved technologies, logistics and applications in the fertiliser industry across Africa.

     For him, Nigeria has a lot to learn from Israeli expertise in the agriculture sector. Oladunni also wants Nigeria and Morocco to work together in the field of research in the area of fertiliser production so that it benefits the farming community.

     Morocco has increased the agricultural production and income of farmers with judicious use of fertilisers. In Africa, Morocco’s phosphorus fertiliser industry has been reckoned with for its huge production capacity.

    In Nigeria and the rest of Africa, there are numerous joint venture partnerships to boost local fertiliser production.

     He hailed Morocco’s efforts to develop improved technologies, logistics and application in the area of fertiliser, adding that it is one of the promising areas for fruitful cooperation between Nigeria and Morocco.

      The North African country has developed technology that is adopted in various countries. The use of drip irrigation has risen greatly in Morocco.

     ARMTI boss said: “When you talk about irrigation, you talk about food and soil nutrients. Morocco has been exporting food to Europe as well as sending out fertiliser products.

     “Morocco is within the Mediterranean region. The country is close to Spain and other European countries. It has been exporting food to Europe. It has acquired capacity in fertiliser production. We need their experience to develop fertiliser production capacities.

     Dangote Fertiliser plant is coming on stream to produce fertiliser locally. We need their experience so that we don’t produce low-quality fertiliser. We need capacities for speciality fertiliser, to meet the requirement of the different soils that we have here. We can’t apply fertiliser anyhow. We need a lot of soil tests. That is why we need their experience.”

      Elsewhere, Morocco is helping to advance agriculture by supplying training and enrichment in crops.

     Morocco’s fertiliser giant OCP Group has launched OCP School Lab; a body that seeks to allow 30,000 farmers in Rwanda to be trained on “good agricultural practices” over a period of one year.

    The lab campaign, targeting dozens of villages across 14 districts aims to provide fertiliser recommendations on the use and benefits of fertiliser to farmers.

     On Morocco’s agriculture, Chief Executive of Agricorp Holdings Limited United Kingdom (UK) Kenneth Obiajulu noted that advanced research and technology have also allowed the country to grow quality produce.

     His words: “Morocco is more advanced in how to develop their agricultural space. For instance, OCP, their flagship nationalised company has done so much to modernise agriculture. OCP has the same status as that of Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPCL); but it is focused on phosphate production.

     “Over time, we have seen how this company has grown to be able to support the whole of Morocco in terms of different technologies.”

     He indicated that Nigeria has a lot to learn from Morocco in terms of the fruit and vegetable farming segment in structuring production, enhancing linkages among stakeholders in the value chain and investing in modern processing plants.

    Last year, the Federal Government, through the National Land Development Authority (NALDA) sent 200 young farmers to Israel and Morocco for six-day training on greenhouse farming and modern livestock techniques. This is in line with recent efforts by the government to ensure that youths get involved in agriculture. The training was part of the National Young Farmers Scheme (NYFS).

     For analysts, Israeli and Morocco agriculture has moved to the forefront of the global export scene. Compared to the two countries, Nigeria faces many challenges in the years ahead, including struggling with inadequate infrastructure projects.

     This has impacted agribusiness investment opportunities. Both countries have highlighted the importance of research excellence and the need for sound evidence in support of policy. 

    Indeed, the Israeli agritech sector has produced innovations that are addressing global agricultural issues. Israeli agritech firms have developed technologies that are used by farmers to improve crop yields and better monitor produce, according to Start-Up Nation Central, a non-profit organisation that connects companies and organisations to Israeli technology firms.

     According to the organisation’s report, the strength of Israel’s agrifood tech sector results from a variety of reasons, including government support and the lessons learned from the local shortage of natural resources, which fostered innovative methods and technologies for “growing more with less” long before it became one of the world’s pressing challenges.

     Over the past few years, the report noted, there has been a global move towards data-enabled technology and the Internet of things, technologies where Israel is acknowledged as a global leader.

    The range of Israel’s agrifood tech innovation capabilities, the report indicated is broad and varied, including soil and plant sensors, cutting-edge swarming drones, autonomous robots, plant genetics platforms, cultured meat, alternative proteins, smart irrigation, and big data analytics software.

     Start-Up Nation Central is the prime connector and facilitator of Israeli innovations that boost business growth and generate impact. It has collaborated with Microsoft to promote Israeli Agrifood Tech startups in the international marketplace.

    The collaboration focuses on connecting AI, data, cloud and machine learning technologies from agricultural information to Microsoft’s AI tools.

    Together, Start-Up Nation Central and Microsoft have worked to identify global Agrifood Tech challenges, with an emphasis on connecting AI technologies that can help develop durable models for optimal and sustainable agriculture across the entire value chain.

     Start-Up Nation Central Chief Executive, Avi Hasson said: “The Israeli Agrifood Tech industry is well advanced in data, software and connectivity, and offers incredible potential for Microsoft in the growing field of data-driven agriculture.”

     Continuing, Hasson said:  “Israel boasts over 250 leading cloud agriculture startups that offer fertile ground for innovation in this rapidly developing sector.

    Team Lead for Eupepsia Place Limited (Soilless Farm), Ogun State, Samson Ogbole is a purveyor of a food system that vegetables can be grown all year round, with less water. He is a mentor for i-FAIR, an initiative of the Embassy of the State of Israel in Nigeria.

     The initiative undertaken in collaboration with the Office of the Vice-President focuses on solutions that increase productivity as well as address challenges around food processing and supply chain.

     Ogbole a fan of how Israel manages its food-water-energy nexus is on the campaign to empower young Nigerians to get the best prices in the competitive fresh produce market.

     Israel on the other hand, has developed varieties of plants that will give the best yields in the off-season, ensuring that their farmers get the best prices and value for investment.

  • Reprisal attack and fleeing Imo communities

    Reprisal attack and fleeing Imo communities

    Imo State has been in the news for the wrong reason again. It has, for some time now, been a killing field of sorts. Recently, some unidentified killers murdered five security personnel in the Umualumaku Community in the Ehime Mbano Council Area of the state. This horrid event made the military launch a reprisal attack that resulted in the destruction of the people’s means of livelihood. CHRIS NJOKU reports

    The recent killing of five security personnel in Ehime Mbano Local Government Area of Imo State has sparked a series of reprisal attacks. As a result, residents of the affected areas have had to flee their communities.

     The incident, which happened on Tuesday morning, September 19, 2023, has left the Umualumaku Community in a state of uncertainty.

     As the situation unfolds, various groups and individuals have condemned the violence, even as they called for a peaceful resolution to the conflict.

    Members of the Joint Task Force (JTF) were reportedly attacked at a security post, leading to their deaths, while some people were seriously wounded. The injured are currently receiving treatment in the hospital.

     In response to the attacks, the military launched a reprisal attack that resulted in the destruction of the people’s means of livelihood in Ehime Mbano Local Council.

     A video clip displayed the level of destruction of people’s shops and businesses by some suspected military personnel. This was in retaliation for the killing of the five security agents by gunmen. The video clip went viral immediately and generated negative reactions.

     As a result of the escalating violence, residents have started fleeing the area, seeking refuge in some neighbouring communities.

     The state governor, Hope Uzodimma, who visited the scene of the incident, has promised that security agencies would fish out the perpetrators of the heinous crime.

     However, the overall security situation in the state has remained volatile, despite the governor’s efforts to tackle insecurity since he assumed office.

     Governor Uzodimma’s administration has, even so, claimed to have contained the onslaught of hoodlums in Imo State, as it has demonstrated a commitment to protecting lives and properties.

    Read Also: Exposed: How vested interests hijacked Fed Govt’s E-customs initiative

     Since assuming office, Uzodimma has also engaged with stakeholders on several occasions, including a series of interactions in January last year that were aimed at addressing security challenges.

     Despite these efforts, there have been criticisms and challenges regarding the state of insecurity in Imo State. The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) has threatened to report Uzodimma to the International Criminal Court (ICC) over rising insecurity, suggesting that some stakeholders are dissatisfied with the governor’s approach to the trend. The party’s fear arises from cases in some parts of the state.

     For instance, the Orlu and Okigwe zones have been experiencing some challenging security situations; with various incidents of violence and insecurity reported.

     The areas of Ihube in Okigwe Local Government Area, Okwe in Onuimo, Njaba and Orlu have been abandoned due to the devastating cost of sit-at-home orders, resulting in a growing number of casualties.

     Pockets of kidnappings and killings have been reported in some parts of the state, with no community after Owerri municipality is considered safe. The Okigwe, Oguta, and Orlu axis are particularly affected. Severe insecurity in Orlu and Okigwe zones has resulted in, at least, 1,000 killings and the destruction of property.

     The security situation in the region has had a negative impact on food security; with farmers being caught in the crossfire during clashes among suspected agents of the pro-Biafra group and Nigeria’s security agencies.

     The latest happening in Ehime Mbano has continued to raise great concern.

     Some individuals, however, believe that the security problems in Imo State, which the governor has repeatedly echoed, are politically motivated. They also believe that Uzodimma is genuinely working to address the challenges. The governor has expressed optimism that the state will overcome its current travails.

     The recent attacks and killings of security personnel appear to have affected the governor’s optimism, but ensuring the security agencies are on top of the situation led to reprisal actions by the combined team of the military.  This generated tension that instilled fear in the people.

     As a result, residents, particularly youths, are leaving their communities in droves to escape being bundled and branded criminals by security agents who were on a mission to arrest the suspects.

     The ripples of these events are affecting other neighbouring local government areas.

      Investigation reveals that residents now leave their houses late and come back home early to avoid being attacked or arrested. Areas outside Owerri, the state capital, are relatively peaceful, but the same cannot be said for the outskirts such as Orlu and Okigwe where students and pupils resume schools at noon and close before 4:00 p.m. due to the state of insecurity.

     According to a resident who identified himself as Matthew Obialor, the Ehime Mbano reprisal has heightened the already charged insecurity situation. He stated that few vehicles ply the roads in these areas, and schools have adjusted their schedules; resuming at noon and closing at 4:00 p.m.

     He said if the security agencies continue to burn the structures of the villagers, the violence may escalate.

     The Apex Igbo socio-cultural organisation, Ohanaeze Ndigbo has also condemned the reprisal attack by soldiers, which destroyed the means of livelihood for many people in Ehime Mbano Local Council.

     The Youth Council of the organisation has also joined in condemning the killing of five security operatives in the state by gunmen and the subsequent reprisal attack by security operatives.

    The candidate of the Labour Party (LP) in the November 11 governorship election in the state, Athan Achonu has condemned the killing and the reprisal attack, describing the development as a sign of lawlessness in the country.

     Achonu, a native of the area called on President Bola Ahmed Tinubu to intervene and ensure that security operatives do not engage in further reprisal attacks in the area.

     He also visited the scene and urged other top security officers in the Southeast, including the General Officer Commanding the 82 Division Enugu; the Brigade Commander of 34 Field Artillery Brigade Obinze; and the Commissioner of Police in Imo State to restrain their officers from attacking the people.

     Having pledged his support for the police, the DSS and the military over the years, he found it unbelievable that such an incident could occur.

     Achonu revealed that two of the slain security officers had accompanied them to Aboh Mbaise, Ezinihitte Mbaise and Ngor Okpala.

     Calling on the GOC to call his boys to order, Achonu said the essence of governance is to protect society, even as he questioned the purpose of a government that cannot provide security.

     He urged Governor Hope Uzodimma to rebuild the houses and shops that were destroyed, emphasising that the government should lead by example.

     According to him, the residents are not the ones who killed the security personnel.

     The Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) governorship candidate, Senator Samuel Anyanwu popularly known as Samdaddy told The Nation that the incident was sad and unfortunate. He called on the gunmen to lay down their arms, as violence is never a solution to any problem. “I call on the aggrieved parties to embrace peace and lay down their arms, as violence is not a solution to any problem.”

     The President-General of Ohanaeze Ndigbo, Chief Emmanuel Iwuanyanwu noted that the retaliation was unacceptable, stressing that it had thrown the people into further pain and mourning.

     Iwuanyanwu announced the establishment of an investigation team to be led by the President of Ohanaeze Ndigbo in the state to provide a comprehensive report on the matter. He called on the Federal Government to identify and bring to justice the individuals responsible for this heinous crime.

     The National President of Ohanaeze Ndigbo Youth Council Worldwide, Mazi Okwu Nnabuike expressed sadness over the murder of the security personnel. He stated that this act goes against the principles that the Igbo people are known for.

     He emphasised that the Igbo people have a deep respect for the sanctity of life and are not accustomed to shedding blood, regardless of the circumstances.

     Nnabuike described the barbaric murder of the security operatives as unjustifiable, reprehensible and against the morals and conscience of an average Igbo man. He appealed to those responsible for the violence to lay down their arms and allow dialogue to reign as a means of resolving any grievances.

     The recent developments underscore my views that there is a need for a security summit in the Southeast, as well as an all-encompassing dialogue where all aggrieved interests would be allowed to lay their grouse on the table.

     But, who are these aggrieved interests since no group has owned up to responsibility for the attacks?

     The police have always claimed that they had arrested some suspects in the past that they identified as members of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB); the group has always denied involvement in any killing in the state or any part of the Southeast.

     However, the pro-separatist group has condemned the killing of security operatives, stating that villagers should not be invaded as a result of the incident in the Ehime Mbano community.

    Some residents have called on the government to unmask those behind the killings to restore peace not only in the area but in the entire state.

     The government’s response and efforts to restore peace and security in the area will be crucial in addressing the concerns of the residents and preventing further violence.

     Some security experts have also made several recommendations on how to tackle insecurity in Imo State. They suggested that the state government should consider adopting a multidimensional approach to address the security challenges.

     They also highlighted the need for a peaceful resolution to the conflict to prevent further loss of lives and the displacement of innocent people.

     The residents called on the government, security agencies and community leaders to work together to restore calm and address the underlying issues that have led to this sad situation.

     This approach may involve a combination of strategies; such as security sector reforms, national unity and data-driven decision-making.

     Nigerians should prioritise the interest of the country above all other considerations. This can help to foster unity and cooperation in addressing the security challenges, he pointed out.

     In the context of elections, they said security agencies should collect and use data on the most common election-related security issues. This can help in developing targeted strategies to address these challenges.

     They urged Governor Uzodimma to seek the intervention of national leaders in combating insecurity. This may involve engaging with influential figures who can provide support and guidance in addressing the security challenges.

  • Exposed: How vested interests hijacked Fed Govt’s E-customs initiative

    Exposed: How vested interests hijacked Fed Govt’s E-customs initiative

    Besides modernising Customs operations and fostering an atmosphere of efficiency, transparency and innovation, the E-customs initiative aims to catapult Nigeria into a regional and global trade hub position; thus placing the country on a sustainable growth and prosperity trajectory. However, what was envisioned to revolutionise the country’s customs processes and bolster economic development has, sadly, become a battleground for vested interests and opportunists, leading to an avoidable saga of legal battles. In this special report, Associate Editor ADEKUNLE YUSUF delves deep into the intricate series of events surrounding the ambitious E-customs project and its unfortunate derailment.

    Despite the overwhelming challenges, shortcomings and moments of exasperation that marked Muhammadu Buhari’s administration, his eight years in power did yield a few sparks of innovation that, if effectively executed over time, hold the potential to propel Nigeria towards a brighter future. One of such visionary initiatives birthed during the life of the administration is the E-Customs project. A beacon of hope in a country striving to modernise its customs and trade processes, the customs modernisation initiative is a digital revolution that promises efficiency, transparency and economic growth for Nigeria.

    How the E-customs (modernisation of Nigeria Customs Service) project began

     To many industry analysts and stakeholders, the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) was well aware of the hidden advantages of embracing trade facilitation through the digitization of its operations. This understanding led to the implementation of a modernisation strategy in December 2013, culminating in the introduction of the Nigeria Customs Information System (NICIS) in 2014. At the time, the NCS had transitioned to NICIS II, marking a significant advancement in its modernisation efforts. NICIS II not only played a pivotal role in generating substantial revenue for the country but also facilitated the seamless integration of various government agencies, including the National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON), National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), among others.

     The system received widespread acclaim from importers, clearing agents and customs freight forwarders who commended the NCS for building a robust, paperless Customs system that successfully integrated multiple organisations such as CBN, FMF, SON, NAFDAC, NIACOM Insurance Certificate, NAQS, NSA, FIRS, commercial banks and over 3,000 private sector companies (importers, shipping lines, airlines, clearing agents).

     Obviously inspired by the favourable outcomes of NICIS II, the Buhari administration took a significant leap forward, leading to the inception of the customs modernisation project, commonly referred to as the E-customs initiative. The brainchild of some forward-thinking individuals within the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS), the E-customs project envisioned a Nigeria where customs clearance would be a seamless, transparent process, free from corruption, leakages and inefficiency. It was an ambitious undertaking, aiming to digitise all customs-related activities, from administration to border management and security. When the NCS initiated the project in 2015, calling it the “NCS Modernisation Project,” it issued an open call for bids from qualified companies, setting stringent pass-fail criteria that included financial capability, eligibility to participate, presentation content, and relevant experience in similar endeavours.

     From November 2015 to November 2016, 94 companies eagerly lined up to present their proposals. At the time, the NCS headquarters in Abuja became a hive of activity, with presentations that showcased cutting-edge technologies and offered innovative solutions to Nigeria’s chaotic customs operations. Needless to say, the competition was fierce, but one company clearly stood out: Bionica Technologies (WA) Limited, as revealed by NCS scoping of vendors programme and its ICT-modernisation internal technical score sheet.

     According to senior Customs officers who monitored the presentation sessions, Bionica Technologies presented a groundbreaking vision for the E-customs project; it pledged to modernise the NCS scanners and ICT infrastructure through direct capital investment, among other things. After the 2,000-page report was presented to the NCS management, the then Comptroller-General, Hammed Ali recommended the Bionica Consortium to former President Buhari.

     In a letter dated June 8, 2018, with reference number SH/COS/08/10/A/132, Buhari directed the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC) to engage with NCS to undertake further due diligence of the E-custom project with a view to preparing a full business case and a draft concession agreement for the final approval of the Federal Executive Council (FEC).

     As the partnership between the NCS and Bionica Technologies was solidified, optimism filled the air. The promise of a more efficient and corruption-free customs system excited Customs officers and Nigerian businesses. They saw the E-Customs project as a game-changer, a chance to boost trade and foster economic growth through the implementation of a project that signifies the adoption of global best practices in the seamless and automated exchange of customs-related information and processes between logistics companies and customs authorities. This comprehensive project, when fully operational, serves as a digital platform that revolutionises various aspects of Customs administration, including payment processing, border management, and the handling of import, export, and transit procedures.

     However, like all great tales, the NCS path to digital transformation was not without obstacles. The vested interests, individuals who had thrived on the inefficiencies of the old Customs system, saw the E-customs project as a threat. They sought to undermine its progress, using their influence to cast shadows of doubt over the initiative.

     Compliance with extant regulations and post-approval challenges

     With the guidance of the Presidency, the NCS initiated a Request for Proposal (RFP) process, inviting select companies with demonstrated expertise and experience in e-Customs deployment and implementation. Among the proposals received, that of the Bionica Consortium, comprising Huawei Technologies (ICT), Nuctec of China and Smith Detection of France (for scanners) was deemed the most impressive. Their extensive 2,000+ page report garnered acclaim for its thorough audit of the NCS’s existing infrastructure and a detailed account of Business User Requirements.

     Additionally, the Consortium’s proposal outlined comprehensive plans to address current challenges while also charting the course for NCS ICT development, deployment and implementation over the next 20 years.

     In a bid to enhance its capabilities, Bionica invited three additional Original Equipment Manufacturers to join the consortium, focusing on marine, surveillance, enforcement, and other border security infrastructures. This strategic move aimed to emulate the advanced services found in ultramodern ports worldwide, such as those in Singapore, Shanghai, California, and Iraq. Consequently, the consortium was renamed the ‘Huawei Consortium,’ emphasising the centrality of digitalisation to all aspects of their operation. The decision to propose the Huawei Consortium as the key partner in the e-Customs project was communicated to former President Buhari through a letter from the NCS.

     In the letter, the Comptroller-General of Customs proposed a Public Partnership Arrangement (PPP) concession model for the development, design, implementation, and maintenance of the required end-to-end ICT platform, with the ultimate goal of digitalising Customs Business Processes and Procedures. Upon receipt of the directive from the Presidency in accordance with Section 33 of the ICRC Establishment Act, the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC) was tasked with specific objectives: (a) Conduct a thorough diligence assessment of the Huawei Consortium’s Public Private Partnership proposal; and (b) engage in comprehensive negotiations with the Huawei Consortium, including the preparation of a Draft Concession Agreement and a Full Business Case for the E-Customs Project, ultimately for approval by the Federal Executive Council (FEC).

    To facilitate these objectives, the NCS Board, on December 18, 2018 (with reference number NCS/HQ/ICT/S115) appointed three sets of Transaction Advisers: (a) Technical Advisers – Etermic International Limited, London and TYP Consulting, Lagos; (b) Financial Advisers – Price Waterhouse Coopers (PWC); and (c) Legal Advisers – Olaninwun Ajayi and Co, Perchstone and Graeys, and Bola Ajibola and Co. Over a period of more than eight months, the Transaction Advisers engaged extensively with the Consortium. In conjunction with representatives from the NCS and ICRC, they also conducted Mandatory Due Diligence visits to the Original Equipment Manufacturers in India, China and South Africa.

     Furthermore, findings showed that the IT Project Clearance Team of the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) thoroughly reviewed the E-Customs Project and issued a Non-Objection Certificate. The project successfully navigated all regulatory hurdles with distinction, leading to the issuance of ICRC’s Compliance Certificate. This certificate paved the way for the Minister of Finance to present the project to the Federal Executive Council (FEC).

    In a memo dated September 17, 2019, and signed by the late Chief of Staff to the President, Abba Kyari, the Ministers of Finance and Justice were informed that Buhari had approved the engagement of Bionica Technologies West Africa (lead sponsor), Bergmans Security Consultant and Supplies Limited (co-sponsor), Africa Finance Corporation (lead financier) and Huawei (lead technical service provider) to establish a special purpose vehicle to enter a 20-year concession arrangement with the NCS and the ICRC for the modernisation project with the aim of establishing a paperless customs administration. This was after the NCS Comptroller-General had, on August 9, 2019, (in a letter with reference number NCS/ADM/MGT/018/8.15/C/Vol.VI), written to the President requesting the approval for the concession arrangement.

    FEC granted approval to the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model for the modernisation of Customs operations in September 2020, affirming the anticipatory approval given by former President Buhari on September 17, 2019.

     With the approval in hand, the Consortium wasted no time in taking action. Within five days of the approval, they assembled all their foreign and local consultants, OEMs, representatives from the African Finance Corporation, and top officials from First Bank in Abuja.

    Together, they worked on a crucial document titled “Transiting from FEC Approval to Operationalisation.” Dated October 9, 2020, precisely five weeks after FEC’s approval, this document was addressed to the then Comptroller-General of Customs.

     After FEC had approved the $3.1 billion complete automation of NCS in September 2020, then Minister of Finance and Budget Planning, Zainab Ahmed said the project, expected to last for 36 months, would enhance the agency’s mode of operation using the application of information and technology in all aspects of its administration. “The main objective of this project is to automate every aspect of the Customs business completely and to institutionalise the use of smart and emerging technologies that would enhance the statutory function of the Nigerian Customs Service in the areas of revenue generation as well as trade facilitation and enhancement of security,” she said.

     Ms Ahmed added that the project, to be delivered by Messrs E. Customs HC Project Limited, would be financed by sponsors “who will in return look over the investment in the concessionary period of 20 years” while it has the potential to generate up to $176 billion for the country. “So, this investment of $3.1 billion is broken down into capital investment of $1.2 million which will be done in three phases over 36 months by these investors and $1.1 million is our projection of the operational cost over the 20-year period of the implementation of this project. This project has the potential to yield up to $176 billion of revenue for the project and the consortia that are providing this investment are going to be paid over time, according to the schedule that is negotiated for their investments, including their profits and cost,” she added.

    FEC re-approved an already approved E-custom project

    Despite a valid court order, the Federal Executive Council (FEC) proceeded to approve the E-Customs modernisation project valued at $3.1 billion. This move raised significant concerns, especially considering the controversial history of the project’s previous approval by the same FEC in 2020. The contentious re-approval occurred during a FEC meeting chaired by then Vice-President Yemi Osinbajo. At the end of the meeting, the Federal Government claimed it was unaware of any existing court order.

     Clem Agba, the then Minister of State, Budget and National Planning stated that the Council approved the implementation of the NCS modernisation project with a new concessionaire: Bergman Securities Consultant and Suppliers Limited as the project sponsor, Africa Finance Corporation as the lead financier, and Huawei Technologies as the primary technical service provider. According to Agba, the new concessionaire provided the government with a $9 million security deposit for the project’s satisfactory performance and executed depth facility tensions worth $300 million to finance the project’s first phase. Agba also disclosed the revenue-sharing arrangement, with 45 per cent going to the concessionaire and 55 per cent to the Federal Government, among other entities.

     However, this approval disregarded an existing court order from a suit filed against the Federal Government and its agents by the aggrieved companies. Before this re-approval, two senior lawyers, Ahmed Raji and Dipo Okpeseyi had separately warned the Attorney-General of the Federation, the Minister of Finance, Budget and National Planning and the Secretary to the Government of the Federation (SGF) about attempts to obtain FEC’s approval for the project’s re-award. These lawyers pointed out the ongoing court case and raised concerns about underhanded efforts to sidestep the rule of law.

     Specifically, the lawyers urged FEC to suspend any discussions or fresh requests for approval related to the E-Customs modernisation project, emphasising the need to honour the original approval granted to Messrs E-Customs HC Project Limited. “It is in spite of all these that the Nigeria Customs Service is pushing to have the FEC grant another approval with the sole purpose to embarrass, overreach and undermine the earlier approval and ratification by the FEC and prejudice the matter pending in court,” said Mr Okpeseyi in his letter to the SGF, dated April 11, 2023, and copied to the AGF, the then Minister of Finance and the Comptroller-General of NCS.

     In the affidavit deposed at the court by Alhaji Umar Tanko-Kuta, representative of the plaintiffs in the suit, he had averred that FEC on 2 September 2020, approved the appointment of Messrs E-Customs HC Project Ltd as the concessionaire for the project on a 20-year concession agreement. He also averred that a dispute arose when the Comptroller-General of NCS “sought to impose a shareholding and governance structure on the concessionaire in a manner inconsistent with the negotiated terms and the full business case approved by the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission.”

     In June 2022, the Federal High Court in Abuja issued a restraining order against the Federal Government; preventing the enforcement of the Customs Modernisation Project agreement, also known as E-Customs. This agreement, allegedly executed by some government agents on May 30, 2022, had replaced the rightful concessionaire with another company, Trade Modernisation Project Limited. Justice Inyang Ekwo, on February 20, 2023, instructed all parties to preserve the case’s status quo and avoid interfering with the proceedings.

     The disputed concession agreement involved several parties, including the Nigeria Customs Service, Trade Modernisation Project Limited, Huawei Technologies Company Nigeria Limited and Africa Finance Corporation. The court issued an interim injunction against the Federal Government or its agents, preventing them from retroactively ratifying the decision to grant the E-Customs project to Trade Modernisation Project Limited, Huawei Technologies Company Limited and Africa Finance Corporation. The injunction would remain in place until the suit, filed by the aggrieved companies, was heard and determined. The case was scheduled for a definite hearing on June 8 and later in July 2023. The plaintiffs, E-customs HC Project Limited and Bionica Technologies (West Africa) Limited, contested the alleged unlawful replacement of their names in the concession agreement, previously approved by former President Buhari and ratified by the Federal Executive Council (FEC) on September 2, 2020. The plaintiffs’ legal representation, Anone Usman of Ahmed Raji Chambers, had sought interim orders from the Federal High Court to safeguard their clients’ interests.

     In their statement of claim, the plaintiffs detailed their proposal for the Customs modernisation project, developed through negotiations with various government officials for the benefit of the Nigeria Customs Service. They asserted that former President Buhari had granted anticipated approval for the E-Customs Project on September 2, 2020. However, findings revealed that complications arose when the Nigeria Customs Service unilaterally revised the FEC approval, imposing additional conditions, including shareholding formula and governance structure. The plaintiffs protested against the NCS’s unilateral decision, which led to a contentious situation.

     To the plaintiffs’ surprise, they discovered through the media that the Nigeria Customs Service had entered into a concession agreement with the Trade Modernisation Project on May 30, 2022, along with Huawei Technologies Company and African Finance Corporation. This clearly violated the previously vetted Concession Agreement, approved by the Attorney-General of the Federation (AGF) in collaboration with the Minister of Finance. Trade Modernisation Project, incorporated in April 2022, allegedly by an acquaintance of the former Comptroller-General of Customs was accused of lacking the necessary approvals, including the business case compliance certificate from the Infrastructure Regulatory Concession Commission and the Federal Executive Council’s approval to execute the E-Customs project. Consequently, the plaintiffs requested the court to declare the decisions made by the Federal Government and its agents concerning the concession agreement as illegal, null and void; citing violations of the Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission Act 2005. Additionally, the plaintiffs sought a court order directing the Federal Government, represented by the AGF, Finance Minister, ICRC and NCS, to finalise the E-Customs project with the first plaintiff, E-customs HC Project Limited, as approved by FEC in September 2020.

  • Why 22-yr-old Ilebaye won BBNaija All Stars’ N120m

    Why 22-yr-old Ilebaye won BBNaija All Stars’ N120m

    The BBNaija All Stars’ reality TV show climaxed in exhilarating fashion when 22-year-old Ilebaye Precious Odiniya, affectionately called Ilebaye, emerged as the victorious champion. The tense finale had the audience at the edge of their seats as she secured the coveted prize, leaving her parents and viewers in sheer astonishment. This report by GBENGA BADA delves into Ilebaye’s path to victory, showcasing her unwavering determination and self-confidence despite the obstacles she faced.

    Excitement filled the air as Ilebaye Precious Odiniya, affectionately known as Ilebaye, emerged as the victorious contestant in the BBNaija All Stars’reality TV show. The 22-year-old clinched the coveted prize, leaving the audience and her parents in awe. The finale marked her triumphant victory after a gripping 70 days in the enclosed Big Brother’s House. Ilebaye’s journey culminated in a remarkable win, outpacing her runner-up and former winner, Mercy Eke.

    “I was so excited, I can’t believe I won and I saw my parents among the audience. I was so excited. I have been overwhelmed, thanking God and settling the emotions that I am the winner,” were the words of young Ilebaye as she was announced winner of the BBNaija All Stars reality TV show.

    Ilebaye, who has amassed millions of fans for two years, polled the highest votes to defeat her runner up and former winner, Mercy Eke, at the finale. She entered the finale alongside the five finalists that included Cross, Adekunle, Pere, CeeC, and Mercy Eke. According to the voting percentage, Ilebaye got 30.08% of the total votes cast while Mercy came at a distant 23.48%. Cross was the least with 4.60%, Pere with 5.82%, Adekunle with 12.61%, and CeeC with 23.41%. Ilebaye, who is also called Baye or Gen Z Baddie by other 23 ex-housemates, first made her impact on the show when she participated in the seventh season of Big Brother Naija tagged ‘Level Up.’ She first stepped foot in the Big Brother House in Ilupeju, Lagos, Nigeria on July 23, 2022 as the fourth housemate of the Level Up season but didn’t last long in the season. In the third week of the show, she was evicted after getting the lowest vote. The Level Up season was won by another female housemate, Phyna.

     For her second coming, Ilebaye was introduced as the 13th housemate and at the opening show, she established that she was back to continue from where she stopped in the seventh season and also win the grand prize,  saying that “I am just coming to start from where I stopped and have fun and also get the money. So, I will be continuing from where I stopped.”

     While Ilebaye began amassing fans and followership with her participation on the show, not many gave her a chance of winning after getting two strikes in less than three weeks of the show. On the lessons learned after coming the second time and winning the show, she said, “I have learned never to underestimate myself. Just be powerful, believe in yourself and even if you have been a failure before, just believe in yourself that your time will always come.”

     However, it did not take long before she found her way into the hearts of several audiences and fans of the show when her name kept recurring on fans’ favourite housemates and possible winner’s poll for the better half of the show. Some of Ilebaye’s highlights on the show include her love interest and fellow housemate, Cross amid fights and disagreements with many of the other 23 housemates during the entire show. At the beginning of the show, she believed she was being picked upon because of her age and petite fame but she was quick to announce to other housemates that she won’t be bullied into silence or acceptance by any of the housemates, irrespective of their age differences.

    Read Also: UPDATED: Tinubu seeks Senate’s confirmation of three new ministerial nominees

     Fans of Ilebaye can’t forget several scenes of her occasional dalliance with Cross that sees both expressing public display of affection through kisses, fondling, and groping at different times. Reacting to her win during a brief chat with The Nation, Ilebaye expressed gratitude to her parents for their support, fans, the MultiChoice Nigeria team as well as the sponsors and host of the show, Ebuka Obi-Uchendu. On her chances and strategy in the house, she said, “I didn’t dream of winning the show. I didn’t use any strategy; the only strategy I used was just being myself.”

     Continuing, she said: “In the Level Up season, I stopped at third week and I felt like now they are bringing stars and I was probably the housemate with the lowest followers. So my thought was that maybe I will be out in two weeks or three weeks max; so I didn’t know I was going to win.” The millionaire reality star, however, regretted not dancing as much as she would ordinarily do outside the house saying, “My only regret was that I didn’t dance very well at the Saturday night parties because I am the life of the party and I didn’t give audience and other housemates back to back.”

     Ilebaye, a trained criminologist, model and reality TV star, is originally from Igala tribe in Kogi State. She was born and raised in Okpo, Olamaboro local government area in Kogi State and attended Federal Government Girls College, Kabba, for her secondary school education and Salem University in Lokoja, where she studied criminology and security studies. Unknown to many, Ilebaye’s first shot at stardom was a role in a television production in 2010. The reality star winner featured as a child actor starring on popular Nigerian family television sitcom, Papa Ajasco. She appeared in a scene with Kayode Olasehinde, who plays the role of Pa James in the sitcom, and she acted as a schoolgirl dressed in a uniform.

     However, Ilebaye dumped acting for education and returned to full public glare in 2022 when she participated in the BBNaija Level Up. She joins a growing list of female housemates that have won the BBNaija reality show. First female winner of the show is Mercy Eke, who won in the Pepper Dem edition in 2019 and Phyna, who won the Level Up edition in 2022. On Tuesday, October 3, Ilebaye was presented with a cheque of N120 million cash prize, a top of the range SUV from Nigerian automaker, Innoson Motors, a trip to Dubai for two packaged by TravelBeta, a year’s supply of Pepsi, among other prizes.

     Speaking on the show, the Executive Head of Content and West Africa Channels, MultiChoice, Dr. Busola Tejumola, said, “Big Brother Naija All-Stars has been an interesting journey. We knew having the fan-favourite housemates return to the house would make for great content, but we got more than we bargained for in a good way. The housemates filled all 70 days of the show with what the kids will call premium drama, gbas-gbos, and all-around great content. We at MultiChoice are very proud of this moment, and we thank the fans, our dear customers and all the sponsors for the successful season.”

  • BBNaija All Stars’ gulped N5.5b, says MultiChoice

    BBNaija All Stars’ gulped N5.5b, says MultiChoice

    Multichoice Nigeria has disclosed that N5.5 billion was invested in the production of the just-concluded “All Stars” edition of the Big Brother Naija reality show. Busola Tejumola, Executive Head of Content and West Africa Channels, MultiChoice Nigeria, disclosed this during the cash prize presentation to the winner of the All Stars show, Ilebaye Odiniya, in Lagos.

     Ilebaye was given a cheque of N120 million and the key to her new SUV from Innosons Motors. Tejumola said that over 2,000 individuals were also employed to execute the show. She said the show generated over 1.53 billion voters across all regions. “This year, we have backed this commitment up with a total investment of NGN5.5 billion, covering the costs of production, construction, fittings, technical, licensing, satellite, and marketing in the production of this season of Big Brother Naija. And of course, there is the direct impact of over 2000 individuals employed to bring this project to life. As Africa’s most loved storyteller, we are proud to be part of creating opportunities for growth for the youth in their quest to build great futures.

     “This year Biggieverse was opened as Big Brother invited into it your favorite All-Stars 20 game players, four house guests, nine Jury members and 12 Wager Task Judges and the parrot who all together delivered a riveting show that kept us all entertained for 71 days,” she said.

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      Tejumola described the Big Brother All Stars as a season of love rekindled, new friendships, settling scores, comedic moments, fantastic showcase of talent and a battle for dominance. She appreciated the lead sponsor of the show, MoniePoint Microfinance Bank and the associate sponsor, HFM Online Trading, for partnering with MultiChoice to deliver a Biggieverse of pure entertainment. She also appreciated other sponsors of the show. “In this 20th year of Africa Magic’s operations in Nigeria, we thank you for choosing to make magic with us. Thank you, our loyal viewers, for your love and support that sustains the conversations around all our productions. Congratulations Baye, the resident GenZ Baddie on conquering in Biggieverse and emerging the winner of the very first Big Brother Naija All-Stars Season. Our commitment to showcasing the best in sporting, entertainment and telling uniquely authentic indigenous stories remains unwavering,” she said.

     Earlier, the winner of the All Stars show, Ilebaye, who expressed excitement over her victory appreciated MultiChoice, her family, fans and fellow ex-housemates. “I want to thank Big Brother, my family, sponsors, host of the show, supporters and people who did not sleep to ensure the success of the show. I promise to make you all proud and make good use of the money,” she said. Also, Mr Chinedu Okpara, Head of Product Marketing at MoniePoint, who described the show as an exciting one expressed joy in  partnering with MultiChoice to execute the All Stars show.

     “The show was an exciting one, lots of drama for us. We are happy to be a part of this.

    We have been able to fulfil one of our dreams of empowering dreams and we will continue to look for more opportunity like this,” he said.