Category: Health

  • U.S. trains public health officials on emergency response

    The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US-CDC) has kicked off a two-week capacity building programme in Lagos for experts on public health emergency response.

    The training seeks to certify the first cohort of 40 participants drawn from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), state ministries of health, the Nigeria Port Health Services, and the military in the Public Health Emergency Management Professional Certification (PHEM PC).

    “The devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic illustrates more than ever the importance of ensuring the public health and health care systems, can adequately prevent, respond to, and recover from health emergencies, particularly those whose scale, timing, or unpredictability threatens to overwhelm routine capabilities,” Mary Boyd, US-CDC Nigeria Country Director, said.

    Read Also: COVID-19: C’River issues fresh guidelines to curb spread

    The PHEM PC training, a first of its kind, adapted from US-CDC Atlanta, equips emergency managers, incident managers, state epidemiologists, first responders, watch managers, and other public health experts with the knowledge, competencies and skill sets they need to respond to public health emergencies.

    During the intensive programme, participants will receive specialized training in crisis and emergency risk communication as well as public health emergency management functions and operations. The PHEM training is part of the US Government’s efforts to support pandemic preparedness globally. US-CDC, NCDC, and Georgetown University are collaborating to deliver this training.

    In 2019, Nigeria became a Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) partner country committed to achieving GHSA 2024 targets and International Health Regulations (IHR) requirements. US-CDC supports the Government of Nigeria (GON) to achieve these targets by strengthening workforce development, surveillance, emergency response, and laboratory capacity among other areas.

  • UNICEF engages media on COVID-19 misconceptions, vaccines

    UNICEF engages media on COVID-19 misconceptions, vaccines

    By Fanen Ihyongo, Kano
    The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has held a two-day media dialogue on COVID-19 vaccines.

    The meeting, which drew reporters from different States, was held in Kano to debunk all the conspiracy theories, rumours and misconceptions about COVID-D vaccines.

    Professor Umar Pate of the Vice Chancellor of Federal University, Kashere, Gombe state, in his presentation observed that Nigerian communities were highly vulnerable to believing fake information and even more on the sources and prevalence of COVID-19 and its treatment.

    “Debunking the loads of fake information about the vaccination should be multifaceted and not medicalised or politicised.

    “Efforts should focus on active leadership involvement at all levels, community engagement, informed media engagement and intensive awareness campaigns debunking rumours and negative theories,” he said.

    Pate noted that COVID-19 has profoundly and globally affected every human endeavour, a situation he said has been heightened by “uncertainties and boundless flow of information because of developments in ICTs, populism politics, pervasive poverty, rise of ethno-religious tensions, and general decline in standards and values.”

    Read Also: Katsina, FCT begin polio immunisation campaigns

    Quoting Professor Mansur Oche of Community Medicine Dept, UDUTH, Pate identified and debunked some of the popular misconceptions and fakery about the COVID-19 vaccines.

    He said: “The rumour that COVID-19 vaccine causes infertility in women is not true. Experts say the vaccine is not capable of causing infertility.

    “The COVID-19 vaccine does not alter one’s genetic codes when injected. It also does not alter one’s DNA. COVID-19 infection cannot be transmitted from the vaccines as none of the currently authorised vaccines is capable of producing the virus.

    “The misconception that people with underlying conditions should not be vaccinated is not correct. Everyone, 12 years of age and older including the sick are eligible for the vaccine.

    “That 5G helps spread Coronavirus is not true. It is worth noting that COVID-19 has significantly impacted countries with very little 5G coverage, such as Iran.

    “That drinking alcohol reduces the risk of infection is not true. Consuming any alcohol poses health risks and may increase vulnerability to COVID-19.

    “That Garlic protects against Coronavirus is only a rumour. There is no evidence that garlic can protect people from COVID-19.

    “The vaccine does not have a tracking device as rumoured. It contains a substance that identifies the origin of the vaccine. It is not meant to track people or cause harm. It is safe.”

    Dr. Murtala Jibril of Bayero University Kano (BUK) spoke on the “science of COVID-19 vaccines,” saying vaccine is the rescuer.

    UNICEF Communication Specialists, Geoffrey Njoku and Samuel Kaalu spoke on the use of data by journalists in their reports on COVID-19 and the compulsory need to be vaccinated.

  • Gynecologist warns against use of concoction in treatment of infections

    Gynecologist warns against use of concoction in treatment of infections

    A medical practitioner, Dr Nathaniel Adewole, has warned Nigerians on the use of concoction in treating infections.

    Adewole told the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Abuja that people should carry out tests before treating any type of infection.

    He said that the test results would direct the medical personnel on the appropriate medication for the infection.

    NAN reports that some Nigerians prefer to treat infections using some herbal treatment.

    Some of these treatments involve steaming , ginger, onion, cloves and garlic together to drink or use for vaginal steaming.

    Adewole, a gynecologist at University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, said that the use of these concoctions was not the best form of treating infections.

    He said Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) occured naturally like boil, and could spread within a day or a week, depending on the cause and the nature of the infection.

    Adewole said that bladder stones could cause urinary tract infections, adding that anything that causes urine to be retained could cause infection.

    He said that anti-biotic could be administered before the test results are out.

    According to him, the concoction can be dangerous because one can’t really tell the active ingredients in the combination and how toxic it could be in the body,”

    ”How are we sure it is not all the herbal mixture that is causing the high rate of cancer in Nigeria.

    ”Not knowing the right dosage and which toxic substance will cause harm in the body.

    “The steaming is even more dangerous, but both still has their effect,” he said.

    Adewole advised that anything taken into the body should be regulated.

    Read Also: COVID-19 claims 108 lives in 10 days — NCDC

    ”When such in take is not regulated, it is very dangerous. We bring some of this dangers to ourselves without knowing,” he said.

    Adewole added that he had always advised people not to use things they know nothing about, just because someone used it.

    Miss Fatima Musa, a trader, said she uses cloves to treat infections each time she feels any irritation.

    “You rinse the cloves in water then soak in water and drink it or wash the vagina with it.

    “For me, using the herbs is preventing myself from contracting any form of infection. I also use medications given to me by my doctor.

    “I use the concoction once every three months,” she said.

    Musa said that since she started using the cloves solution; she has not experienced any infection.

    “It is not expensive and it is something you use everyday even in your cooking,” she said.

    Mrs Olabowale Gold, a civil servant, said the concoction was cheap and accessible, and saved her the stress of going to queue for hours at the hospital.

    “The concoction is like a first aid treatment but in this case it is very effective.

    ”Anytime I feel any itch in my vagina, the first thing I do is to boil ginger, cloves and garlic and sit down on it for 30 minutes and it is very effective,” she said. (NAN)(www.nannews.ng)

  • Choose Comprehensive Security in 5 Steps with Mediclaim Policy for Family

    Your family’s health and wellbeing are always on your mind, especially in a time when the world is going through a crisis. For this reason, the healthcare needs of your and your family’s future should be carefully planned out. The best way to do this is to invest in a Mediclaim policy for your family to endure a secure future and a stress-free life for them

    Why Buy a Mediclaim Policy for Family?

    Buying a mediclaim policy for family can establish a set path to follow in the case of a medical emergency in the future. It also helps in protecting you and your family from the financial burden a medical problem may bring, especially as prices of healthcare are constantly increasing due to medical inflation.

    There is no telling of what the future might bring to us. However, in these unprecedented times, it is important to follow certain steps to ensure that you are choosing the best possible mediclaim policy for family.

    This guide will highlight some of the steps you can follow to ensure you are buying the best possible mediclaim policy for family, which fits their healthcare requirements perfectly.

    Image Source: Shutterstock

    Steps To Ensure the Most Comprehensive Security in A Mediclaim Policy for Family

    1. Find The Maximum Coverage Possible

    When you are looking for the best mediclaim policy for family, it is essential to find a plan that covers the maximum amount of expenses and has the most features so that you and your loved ones can avail the maximum healthcare benefits from it. This could mean having a comprehensive cover and even many addons that can help your family with medical costs like maternity  care ambulance charges, pre and post hospitalization expenses, and much more.

    1. Understand Premium Amount Carefully

    When buying a mediclaim policy for family, make sure you keep the premium amount in mind as it is one of the most crucial steps of buying your policy. Additionally, you should always remember to take all factors into consideration and avoid choosing a policy with fewer features just to save some money. However, make sure it doesn’t burn a hole in your pocket either.

    1. Check The Exclusions of The Policy Properly

    Understanding and checking the exclusions of a mediclaim policy for family can help you avoid any confusion at the time of the claim. You should always check the exclusions while buying medical insurance so you can adjust your policy accordingly and review what kind of add-ons you may need.

    1. Understand The Co-Payment Feature

    The co-payment feature can help you save some money on premiums. In this feature of a Mediclaim policy for family, some independent policyholders can set aside a list of expenses with the insurer that can be handled by them in the time of a medical emergency. This way, a part of the sum is paid by the insurer and the rest by the policyholder, which helps save some money on premiums.

    1. Know About Network Hospitals

    It is essential to know about the network hospitals that work in partnership with the insurance company. If you get treated in these network hospitals, you can avail the cashless payment feature as the insurer, and the hospital will settle the tab directly once you provide your insurance plan details.

    Final Words

    As per research data, Indians spent around 62 percent of their total health care expenses from their own pocket in 2018 alone. This number shows the financial burden that comes with medical emergencies, which is why it is crucial to invest in mediclaim for family. Trusted insurers like Care Insurance can help you buy a reliable mediclaim policy for family, which can be altered to the health care needs of you and your loved ones perfectly.

  • Nature’s medicines for hypertension and heart diseases (3)

    Nature’s medicines for hypertension and heart diseases (3)

    EVERYTHING exists for some reasons. So, in the provisions of Mother Nature, there is no waste or happenstance. It was from the Miracle Medicines Foods of Rex Adams that I first learned that Thiamine (Vitamin B1) taken with garlic  help to shrink and energise the enlarged heart. Therefore, it is not surprising that Wakunaga, a garlic–oriented nutritional medicines company would age this age-old bulb to make it about 50 times more powerful than farm or garden garlic and combine it with various healing elements for different health challenges, notably hypertension, elevated blood cholesterol and heart-related questions. This “super” garlic is called Kyolic Garlic.

    A similar garlic venture was made by nature’s way more than 40 years ago with a concentrated garlic product named Garlicin. This product was of great help to me before and on my wedding-day in 1983. In those days, I was like most young people of today. I ate trash and drank trash. I enjoyed fried, near-rotten of over-ripened plantain accompanied with a variety of thick-layered fried egg. I ate three eggs over such a meal. One was fried with palm oil, another with peanut(groundnut oil) and the last was boiled. The meal was washed down not with clean, alkaline water but with at least two varieties of soda. How would the body not call for water through thirst signals which would not be quietened with more soda when this type of meal dangerously thickens the blood vessels and overburden the heart with work?

    On top of this health-bashing was another saga of itching to be a “real man”…..with a broad chest and big biceps. Back in Olivet Baptist High School, Oyo,(1964-68), I was a thin fellow nicknamed “Paper Weight”. To no avail, I took a popular weight-gain formula of those days. I followed this after school with an egg formula drink, half a glass of which I added to a tin of milk in which were whisped two poultry eggs. I need not bore you with the consequences of my maladventure. Suffice it to say I almost died at 19 from a gas-filled gastrointestinal tract, easily fell ill, especially with nasal congestion and dripping nostrils, cough and co-travellers. My quest for health began in my student days at the University of Nigeria, Nssuka (UNN). At the UNN bookshop one day in 1977, my graduating year, my eyes fell on a book titled Ninety Days to a Better Heart  written by John X Loughran. The author, too, travelled on the same road I journeyed on as a young man until he met a nutritionist who changed the course of his life. He learned that there were two types of age and that the diet was behind each one. There was the Calendar  Age and there was the BiologicaI Age. You may, like me, be 71 years old because you were, calendrically speaking, born in 1950 but, biologically, you could be as young in body and actions as a 50-something years old or, if you were unlucky, like a 90-year-old. All depended, he said, on the condition of your heart and blood vessels. The blood vessel could be congested, hardened like stone or blocked, leaving little of no room for the blood to easily flow through them. The diet could also have led to blockages in the various organs which, though were meant to be supple as well, could have been inflamed from irritations by wastes and poisons and hardening. If toxins were piling up and were not promptly eliminated, the body could turn them into grains and plug them into tiny passages in the liver, pancreas, spleen or kidneys, for example. These organs would then, like those denatured blood vessels, offer resistance to blood and fluid flow. In this condition, the heart would have to pump with more power to drive the blood along. It would need more power to do this and, so, may enlarge its muscles to pack more power for more powerful push. This overworks and weakens the heart. It may even prematurely kill it. If the increasing pressure becomes too much in the kidney or brain, for example, a kidney damage or a stroke may occur. To prevent this, doctors prescribe those drugs which force the heart to slow down but which sometimes, if not often, have consequences in their side effects.

    Read Also: Olu of Warri readmits Amatserunleghe, Ariyo 10 others as chiefs

    John X Loughran, the author of 90 days to a better heart, solved his own challenges but knocking out of his diet such edibles as white flour foods, especially white bread, refined or milled(white) rice, egg, margarine and butter, all fries, sodas, fatty beef and the likes of them. And he said he experienced wonderful results in about 90 days. I walked the road back to health with him, and haven’t given up till this day. On this route, I discovered garlic and learned it couldn’t have been in existence for no reason. Garlicin took away my nasal and esophageal challenges of the time, and, perhaps, even looming mandibular questions such as gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) which struck again a few years ago. By the time of my wedding, I had perfected the use of Garlicin at three or four soft gels over about three days before an important event to keep nostrils and throat in check. What a groom one would be who gets up from beside the bride on wedding reception day every minute or so, to cough, blow the nose, wheez or throw up phlegm!

    I re-united with Nature’s Way recently when I found some of its products through Aim Global, a marketing concern in the Philippines to which Earn For  Life International in Nigeria, is affiliated. I was fascinated by a device which, worn as necklace, bracelet or suspended from the neck as identity card is said to purify three meters radius of the wearers environment of viruses and bacteria. In these days of COVID-19 pandemic, that should catch anyone’s attention. It cut my attention and I have given some information about it in www.olufemikusa.com under the heading, A New Age….and The CORONAVIRUS.

    Apologies for that digression. After Beta-carotene, Coenzyme Q10, Ubiquinol, L-carnitine and Hawthorn berries, validated by our tour guides in this series as good managers and cures for hypertension and heart diseases (please see the first two parts of this series), Garlic is our next focus. What did cardiologist Robert Atkins, health coaches and herbal medicine practitioners Jean Carperand Judy Lindberg McFarland say about it?

     

     Dr Atkins

    “This pungent bulb deserves four chapters, not four paragraphs. One of the best-studied plants in the world, garlic is a veritable panacea, whether eaten as a food or used as a medicinal extract. Its array of benefits is staggering. For starters, it boosts immune function, favourably modifying the course of almost any infections disease. It lowers high blood sugar and might increase the body’s metabolism enough to promote weight loss. Big doses of the extract may even help to prevent cancer. Garlic’s most exciting use, I think, is in cutting back the risk of heart disease. It lowers cholesterol, prevents blood fats from sticking to artery walls, and reduces high blood pressure. It also inhibits the body’s release of thromboxane B2, a substance that constricts blood vessels and bronchial passages.

    “What’s the best way to get your garlic? Any way that’s convenient. If you don’t like the taste or can’t eat it everyday, try an extract of aged garlic, either in a capsule or as a liquid. Odourless and tasteless, it’s the form that researchers have studied most extensively. Because the herb’s healing strength increases proportionately with the dose, supplements are the better therapeutic choice. I recommend taking 2,400–3,200mg everyday. Beware of products that promote their allicin content. Allicin is a short-lived substance formed by crushing fresh garlic. It is not absorbed by the digestive tract and for good reason, it damages red blood cells and irritates body tissues, lab studies report”.

     

    Jean Carper

    “Garlic is an incredibly complex mixture of chemicals, and scientist are still baffled by which substances have the most profound effects. But it is known that garlic chemicals have a range of talents as antibiotics, antiviral agents, cholesterol reducers, anticoagulants, blood pressure reducers, cancer inhibitors, decongestants, anti-inflammatory agents and perhaps protectors of aging brain cells. Laboratory animals fed garlic function better in old age and live longer.

    “Even after you have heart disease or a heart attack, eating or taking garlic may help save you. Pioneering garlic researcher and cardiologist Arun Bordia at Tagore Medical College in India says garlic seems to help dissolve blockages in arteries, partially ‘helping’ arteries damaged by atherosclerosis. Dr. Bordia has found that feeding garlic to rabbits with severe atherosclerosis reduced the degree of blockage in their arteries. More remarkably, he documented that eating garlic after a heart attack helped prevent subsequent heart attacks and deaths. In his study of 432 heart attacks and who ate two or three fresh garlic cloves raw or cooked everyday suffered only half as many fatalities after two years as those eating no garlic. The benefits were more impressive after three years. During that time, garlic eaters suffered only one-third as many deaths and non-fatal heart attacks as nongarlic eaters. Dr. Bordia suggests that since the benefits of garlic increased with time, the most plausible explanation is a shrinkage in blockages of coronary arteries”.

     

     Judy McFarland

    “Our ancestors used roots and herbs in abundance. Garlic and onions, particuo, were staples. Germs do not like garlic, in fact, they cannot live in its presence. Ancient civilisations, especially during Bible times, relied heavily on this bulb as a medication for indigestion, diarrhoea, worms, skin diseases, dizziness, headaches, bronchitis, pneumonia, influenza, tuberculosis, infections, wound healing, heart problems, arthritis and even cancer. In recent years, people have rediscovered that medicinal merits of garlic in warding off colds and in the treatment of high blood pressure, strokes, and cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, countries where garlic is consumed in large quantities—Italy and Spain, for example, have a lower death rate from heart disease than American does.

    “A longtime friend in our industry, Charlie Fox, is the spokesperson for Kyolic Garlic, Wakunaga of America. I asked him for some scientific information on their Aged Garlic and I was amazed when I received the Aged Garlic Extract Research Excerpts from peer Reviewed Scientific Journals and Scientific Meetings. The research studies are from Loma Linda University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, University of Tokyo, and various other universities around the world.

    “What are garlic’s specific benefits to the heart? Garlic prevents platelets(blood cells responsible for clotting) from sticking to each other and to artery walls. By preventing excess clotting, it may protect against coronary thrombosis(blood clots), atherosclerosis, and strokes. In addition, there’s strong evidence that garlic normalises fats in the blood by lowering harmful fats and raising protective lipids. In numerous animal and human studies, components of garlic have lowered cholesterol, triglycerides, harmful LDL levels, and dangerous very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(VLDL), while raising the beneficial HDL level. Many medical authorities feel that garlic can reduce high blood pressure, perhaps by acting as a vasodilator. Garlic preparations are available in liquid extract, capsules, softgels and tablet form.

    “Garlic has been known for years to stabilise blood pressure. This conclusion was even reported in the prestigious British medical journal, the Lancet. One reason may be found in garlic’s high amount of Selenium, a trace mineral that boosts protection against platelet adhesion. Many cultures have used garlic to help keep blood pressure in check. Years ago, Dr. G. Piotrowski of the University of Geneva showed that garlic may dilate or open up the blood vessels and promote a free-flowing circulation that is the answer to hypertension. Many recommend the equivalency of three to four cloves of garlic everyday to lower blood pressure. Also, the enteric-coated capsules that are odour-reduced or odour-free, are very effective, especially since few people desire to eat that much fresh garlic a day. There is also a liquid aged garlic extatct available”.

     

     Kyolic Garlic

    It is little known in some lay circles that Helicobacter Pylori bacteria in stubborn ulcers make some cases of hypertension stubborn to manage or to cure with pharmaceutical drugs. Mr Olajuwon Okeubena, who is better known for his herbal product Jobelyn, says he tackles such cases with his formula for ulcers, Holisa, an alcohol extract of herbs. In several studies with Kyolic Garlic which is known to dislodge Helicobacter Pylori, even stubborn cases of hypertension and precussors of heart diseases are known to yield according to the following report by Karin Ried NikoIaj Travica, and Avni Sali. The report, titled The Effect of  Kyolic Aged Garlic Exitract On Gut Microbiota, Inflamation And Cardiovascular Markers  in Hypersensitive: The Garlic Trial in www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov says:

    “Our previous research suggests that Kyolic aged garlic extract is effective in reducing blood pressure in a large proportion (70–80%) of hypertensive patients similar to first-line standard antihypertensive medication, and has shown promise in reducing central blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and inflammation. A meta-analysis on the effect of garlic on blood pressure including 20 trials and more than 900 participants revealed a significant effect of garlic on blood pressure, with an average decrease in systolic blood pressure of 8.6mm systolic and 6.1mm diastolic in hypertensives.

    “Kyolic aged garlic extract has also been shown to be effective in reducing central hemodynamic measures including central blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, pulse pressure, and arterial stiffness, which are regarded as more important predictors than peripheral blood pressure for cardiovascular disease. Arterial stiffness, an indicator of the flexibility of the arteries, increases with age through loss of intact elastin and collagen fibers in the arterial wall, which also contributes to increased blood pressure. Stiffening of the arteries is a normal process of aging, however, changes are subtle and are generally not noticeable. However, previous research has shown Kyolic aged garlic extract to be effective in reducing arterial stiffness, which in turn is related to better heart health and aerobic fitness, while the risk of cardiovascular disease is reduced.

    “Previously we described the mechanism of action by which garlic influences blood pressure, involving two main signaling pathways via nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production. Garlic, a sulfur donor, provides an important component for the trans-sulfuration pathway, which involves methylation and requires several co-factors such as vitamin B12, folate and vitamin B6. In addition, known genetic variants for the CBS (cystathionine-ß-synthase) and CSE (cystathionine-?-lyase) enzymes, influence the efficiency of H2S production, and play an important role in the susceptibility for hypertension together with deficiencies in co-factors, in particular vitamin B6. We previously identified a potentially large proportion(80%) of healthy adults in Australia with sub-optimal vitamin B12 levels. Therefore, deficiencies in co-factors, such as vitamin B12, which may serve as a proxy marker for underlying deficiencies in other B-vitamins, could be important contributors to hypertension in these individuals, which may also explain individual responsiveness to garlic supplementation seen in clinical trials.

    “Furthermore, high blood pressure has been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis, both in animal and human studies with a significant decrease in microbial richness (Chao richness/relative abundance) and diversity (Shannon diversity = proportion of species/total number of species) and a significant increase in the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio in hypertensives compared to normotensives. In this small study, 10 normotensives and seven hypertensive individuals, hypertensives had a significantly lower microbial richness and Shannon diversity compared to normotensives. In general, higher relative abundance/bacterial mass/microbial richness and diversity of microbial species is associated with better health.

    “Moreover, gut dysbiosis has been associated with increased inflammatory status, chronic inflammatory diseases and increased risk of cardiovascular events… The ratios between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as have been linked to long term outcome of acute coronary syndrome. Garlic has been found to increase and inhibit  production in placental cell culture, and in inflammatory bowel disease. Similarly, Kyolic aged garlic extract was found to significantly reduce the inflammatory marker in hypertensive patients.

    “With garlic’s prebiotic properties, and source of intracellular hydrogen sulfide (H2S), garlic has the potential to modulate the gut microbiota, and to protect from intestinal inflammation and to restore microbiota biofilm and mucus production. The timeframe of gut microbiota composition to change with dietary supplementation is relatively short, as shown in a four-week study of IBS patients taking daily probiotics. In addition, probiotics consumption significantly reduced blood pressure, in particular in trials of longer than eight weeks duration (meta-analysis of 9 RCTs involving 534 patients). Our three-month randomised controlled double-blind trial aimed to assess the effect of Kyolic aged Garlic extract on gut microbiota, inflammation, and Cardiovascular markers, including blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness”.

  • 13 vaccines that changed the world

    13 vaccines that changed the world

    1. 1796 Smallpox

    The smallpox vaccine is the first vaccine to be developed against a contagious disease. In 1796, observed that milkmaids who previously had caught cowpox did not catch smallpox and showed that inoculated vaccinia protected against inoculated variola virus. Smallpox remains the only known disease eradicated by man. Smallpox, a disease caused by variola virus, has plagued mankind for centuries. The periodic epidemic led to the creation of ‘sopona’ deity among the Yoruba race. The World Health Organisation (WHO) adopting strategy of mass vaccination and modalities to curtail outbreak of smallpox successfully brought an end to the plague-infected on man by the smallpox virus.

    2. 1885 Rabies

    The rabies vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rabies. There are a number of rabies vaccines available that are both safe and effective. They can be used to prevent rabies before, and for a period of time after, exposure to the rabies virus, which is commonly caused by a dog bite or a bat bite. Doses are usually given by injection into the skin or muscle. After exposure, the vaccination is typically used along with rabies immunoglobulin. It is recommended that those who are at high risk of exposure be vaccinated before potential exposure.

    3. 1890 Tetanus

    The tetanus vaccine is part of the recommended series of childhood and adult immunisations. It protects against the bacterial infection tetanus, also known as lockjaw. This vaccine is given to provide protection against tetanus (lockjaw) in adults and children 7 years or older. Vaccination is the best way to protect against this life-threatening disease. Vaccines work by causing the body to produce its own protection.

    4. 1896 Typhoid Fever

    There are two vaccines to prevent typhoid fever. One is an inactivated (killed) vaccine and the other is a live, attenuated (weakened) vaccine. The two main vaccines currently licensed for use, Ty21a and Vi polysaccharide, were effective in reducing typhoid fever in adults and children over two years in endemic countries; adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, and fever were rare.

    5. 1906 Tuberculosis

    Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease. BCG vaccination is rarely given to anyone over the age of 16 because it does not work very well in adults. But it’s given to adults aged 16 to 35 who are at risk of TB through their work, such as some healthcare workers. Protection against TB will only start 6-8 weeks after the vaccination has been given and lasts for about 10 years. Revaccination is not recommended.

    6. 1923 Diphtheria

    Diphtheria vaccine is a toxoid vaccine against diphtheria, an illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The vaccines are given at: 8, 12 and 16 weeks – 6-in-1 vaccine (3 separate doses) 3 years 4 months – 4-in-1 pre-school booster. Diphtheria toxoid was developed in the early 1920s but was not widely used until the early 1930s. It was incorporated with tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine and became routinely used in the 1940s.

    Read Also: Why eight States are yet to get vaccines – by FG

    7. 1926 whooping cough

    Pertussis vaccine is a vaccine that protects against whooping cough. There are two main types: whole-cell vaccines and acellular vaccines. The whole-cell vaccine is about 78% effective while the acellular vaccine is 71–85% effective. The vaccine takes about two weeks for immunity to develop after vaccination.

    8. 1932 yellow fever

    A single dose provides lifelong protection for most people. · The vaccine is a live, weakened form of the virus given as a single shot. The yellow fever vaccine provides lifelong protection for most people. A further dose of vaccine is recommended for a small number of travellers who are visiting yellow fever risk areas, including those who were previously vaccinated when they were: pregnant, under 2 years old. Infants younger than 6 months of age should not get the vaccine.

    9. 1937 Flu Vaccine

    Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots or flu jabs, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. Vaccination is particularly important for people who are at high risk of developing serious flu complications. People who can get the flu shot: Different flu shots are approved for people of different ages. Everyone should get a vaccine that is appropriate for their age. Two types of influenza vaccine are widely available: inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV) and live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV). Traditionally, influenza vaccines (both IIV and LAIV) have been produced to protect against 3 different seasonal influenza viruses (also called trivalent vaccines). The spread in Lagos was fast and devastating such that in the first two months the casualty figure was enormous – Lagos lost 1.5% of its 81,941 population. Inhabitants around the seaports of Marina and Apapa, especially seamen working on ships docked on harbour ports were one of the first sets of people to be infected with this virus and from that point, it spread to the hinterland and majority of people on Lagos Island.

    10. 1952 Polio Vaccine

    It was developed in the 1950s by Albert Sabin. Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used: an inactivated poliovirus given by injection (IPV) and a weakened poliovirus given by mouth (OPV). The inactivated polio vaccines are very safe. Mild redness or pain may occur at the site of injection.

    11. 1963 Measles Vaccine

    Measles can be prevented with MMR vaccine. The vaccine protects against three diseases: measles, mumps, and rubella. The first dose is given at the age of 12 months and the second dose is given at around three years and four months, before starting school. Having both doses gives long lasting protection against measles, mumps and rubella. In adults and older children the two doses can be given with a one month gap between them. Adults who do not have presumptive evidence of immunity should get at least one dose of MMR vaccine.

    12. 1967 Mumps

    Health experts recommend children get two doses of MMR vaccine, starting with the first dose at 12 through 15 months of age, and the second dose at 4 through 6 years of age.

    13. 1969 Rubella

    Rubella vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rubella. Effectiveness begins about two weeks after a single dose and around 95% of people become immune. Rubella can cause a miscarriage or serious birth defects in an unborn baby if a woman is infected while she is pregnant. In general, everyone aged 18 and older born after 1956 who has not had rubella needs at least 1 dose of the rubella vaccine. Healthcare professionals who have not had rubella need 2 doses of the rubella vaccine.

  • Five consequences of eating late meals

    Five consequences of eating late meals

    Eating late at night is quite tempting and we all have done it eventually or other times in our lives. While getting a periodic light in between meals may not be of a specific issue, making a habit out of it can have serious long term impacts on your health and your overall well-being.

    Late is usually within three hours of you going to sleep. So, if you work throughout the day and usually sleep from 12am-8 am, your “late” would be 9pm-12am.

    At the end of the day, your body is going to metabolise whatever you put into it, and if you aren’t active enough to use up the energy you absorb from it, then it will be stored as fat which would eventually result in bad health.

    Here are five consequences of eating late meals:

    · Weight Gain: Your body’s digestion slows down during the night. Likewise, it is not as effective in burning calories as it is during the day. Eating at night has long been associated with weight gain.

    · Effect on mental health: At the point when you haven’t slept as expected, you wake up feeling irritated and moody. Because of eating late, you mess with your body’s body clock. This results in higher chances of depression and anxiety.

    · Increased blood pressure: A misaligned body clock may have more serious repercussions including increased risk of heart diseases and diabetes. Studies have linked high blood pressure or hypertension and higher fasting blood sugar levels with the habit of eating later in the night or having dinner way past the ideal time of 7 pm.

    · Poor digestion: If you are prone to heartburn and acid reflux, you should probably be re-evaluating your meal timings. When you eat a late night dinner, it leads to several gastric issues. This is because the food doesn’t digest properly and results in excessive acid secretion in the stomach. This is why people are often advised to have a leisurely walk after eating their last meal of the day, instead of going straightaway to bed.

    · Disruption of sleep: Individuals who eat late generally tend to sleep late. This results in a disturbed sleep cycle. Also, this could be the explanation for confounding dreams at night.

  • LaFiya launches electronic healthcare kits

    LaFiya launches electronic healthcare kits

    LaFiya TeleHealth has unveiled innovative healthcare kits aimed at taking telehealth and telemedicine beyond video call.

    The electronic healthcare point kits allow users to receive on-demand physical exams via live video chat with a doctor’s office, using integrated medical exams devices.

    It also transmits test results to an electronic health record for easy real time monitoring.

    According to Tonye Mayomi, Head, Sales and Business Development at LaFiya, “Healthcare is about enhancing the quality of life and living. That’s what LaFiya TeleHealth is all about.

    “It addresses healthcare from accessibility to finance, to preventability and to curative. Best of all, it levels the quality of healthcare for all.

    Explaining further, Mayomi stated that LaFiya TeleHealth is an m-health startup with a mission to provide affordable healthcare access to the uninsured and underserved anytime and everywhere.

    Read Also; Lagos takes health insurance to grassroots

    “It achieves this with a HIPAA/GDPR/ NDPRcompliant platform that connects doctors, patients, hospitals, laboratories, pharmacies, and insurance providers in one integrated telehealth and telemedicine artificial intelligence and medical Internet of things platform,” she said.

    The new innovative AI and Medical IOT-powered kits provide 24/7-telehealth and telemedicine access to home and overseas medical doctors.

    It equally provides care right from the comfort of the home beyond video and voice calls, including online prescription, tele-diagnosis and referral when needed via smartphone, computer and AI-powered medical kiosk.

    The home telehealth care kit empowers patients to conduct provider-guided, comprehensive medical exams- all from the LaFiya TeleHealth website and app, which can be downloaded on the Android Play Store and Apple Store.

    Mayomi continued: “The integrated mobile medical diagnostic station collects, transmits and stores medical information about the patient’s physiological parameters and vital signs.

    “It also caters to the health-related needs of the people living in the rural, underserved areas, bridging the gap between physicians and patients for maximum care.

    “The solar and satellite broadband powered community walk-in telehealth care kiosk doubles as a medical kiosk entrepreneurship program to empower rural communities, provide employment opportunities, reduce poverty, stimulate the economy, improve healthcare outcome, develop communities, facilitate health education, save lives in emergencies and eliminate the possibility of transmitting infectious diseases between patients and healthcare professionals.

    “Other equipment includes the complete blood count analyzer and all-in-one ultrasound probe kit.”

    LaFiya has partnered with top financial institutions like GTB and Zenith Bank to facilitate accessibility to loan for individuals, groups and healthcare facilities in the purchase of the medical health care point stations, which are available for order at the company’s office in Lagos.

  • Controversy over CBN’s N100b health intervention fund

    Controversy over CBN’s N100b health intervention fund

    Stakeholders have given their verdict on the progress recorded and obstacles faced so far after accessing the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN)’s N100billion intervention fund for the health sector.

    Concerned by disruptive impact of COVID-19 in the economy, the CBN, in April, last year, had injected N100billion into health sector businesses through an intervention fund for pharmaceutical industries, being part of proactive measures put in place by the apex bank to cushion the impact of the global pandemic on small and medium businesses in the country.

    Findings by The Nation have shown that the fund has been largely accessed, with many local pharmaceutical industries admitting that the fund has helped them to raise their production capacities. It was learnt from the CBN that about N93 billion of the fund has already been disbursed to beneficiaries, with close supervision and monitoring to ensure the credit facility is used for the purpose envisioned by the apex bank.

    Specifically, the scheme was to provide credit to indigenous pharmaceutical companies and other healthcare value-chain players to build or expand capacity with a view to increasing private and public investment in the healthcare sector, facilitating improvements in healthcare delivery and reducing medical tourism to enhance foreign exchange conservation.

    So far, healthcare businesses are happy with the way the fund is administered, said Dr. Fidelis Ayebae, Chairman, Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Group of Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (PMG-MAN).

    “Every company that met the loan requirement got it. We are happy with the CBN for the initiative and the way it was implemented. Members that are yet to access it are working with the commercial banks with whom they have a relationship to close up documentation gaps before moving on to CBN. Overall, it is success in intervention. Some of the impact can already be seen in the financial performance of the early recipients of the loans,” he said.

    Also, Dr. Lolu Ojo, a consultant pharmacist and medical director, Merit Healthcare, said he knew some big companies that got the intervention money. Many companies had offers, but funds were released late, he said, while admitting that there were challenges amidst ‘huge impact’ made by the fund.

    According to the President, Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN), Mazi Sam Ohuabunwa, more than 90 per cent of the fund for the healthcare/pharmaceutical industry has been accessed by members.

    Read Also: NHIS: universal health coverage going well

    “I have said it over and over, the CBN and COVID-19 intervention fund, laudable ideas as it is, is yet to achieve its objectives. The impact of difficulty in forex access is that it portends grave danger and may undermine the noble objectives. First, the longer it takes to get the machines and equipment in, the longer it will be for Nigeria to begin to see an enhanced local production.

    Second, the longer it takes, the more difficult it will be for the benefitting companies to begin production and generate cash flow to meet the interest and repayment obligation, as the moratorium is fast approaching.

    “Third is that with forex at rates higher than the planned or forecasted rates in the business plan, the money received in naira may no longer be sufficient to meet the stated needs. And fourth is that the longer the naira is left in the banks awaiting piecemeal allocation of forex, the faster the value depreciates by growing inflation and the fewer the number of machinery and equipment or even raw materials that can be bought.”

    But Acting Head, Corporate Affairs of the CBN, Mr. Osita Nwanisobi, explained how the fund is disbursed and what every prospective beneficiary should expect and do.

    First, he reiterated that the fund was established to address health infrastructure decay.

    “Over N85 billion has been disbursed to date covering 82 projects. N22.5 billion was disbursed to states for revamping of primary healthcare centres across the country. On monitoring, we are evaluating the utilisation and, thus far, there has not been any diversion. We need to understand that this is a health intervention and the health sector is regulated. What you may refer to absence of evidence of investment in the sector is because the beneficiaries are doing the right thing by going through the regulatory hurdles for each stage of utilisation. Soon the impact will be obvious. Besides, the CBN also carry out impact assessment of the facility.”

    He said the fund has been used to finance the acquisition and installation of 16 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines across the country; and acquisition and installation of 22 medical scanning machines by hospital.

    “If the loan is for working capital purposes, the loan limit is based on whether the eligible participant has been in operation for up to three years at the time of applying for the loan. Where the loan is for working capital and the eligible participant has been in operation for at least three years, the loan limit shall be calculated at 20 per cent of the company’s three year average of its turnover, up to N500 million.

    Where it is a term loan, the limit shall be N2 billion for the eligible participant and interest rate is no more than five per cent per annum all-inclusive for loans taken until February 28, 2021 and nine per cent per annum for loans taken from March 1, 2021, the CBN spokesperson added. Nwanisobi said the loan tenure depends on whether the loan was taken for funding working capital or if it is a term loan. For working capital, he explained that the tenure shall be for a period of up to one year, with an option for roll over for no more than three years. And for a term loan, the tenor should be up to 10 years with a maximum of one-year moratorium on repayment – except for term loans for construction projects, the tenor of which shall be determined by the completion date.’’

  • Healthy benefits of ginger

    Healthy benefits of ginger

    Ginger is a flowering plant that originated in Southeast Asia. It is loaded with nutrients and bioactive compounds that have powerful benefits for your body and brain. It belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, and it’s closely related to turmeric, cardamom, and galangal. It can be used as spice, herbs, also taken as a drink (Ginger tea) and can be added to processed cosmetics.

    Here are some healthy facts about ginger:

    · Pain relief

    Ginger has been used to treat inflammation for centuries and this practice now has a body of scientific evidence behind it. It’s been shown in several studies to help relieve pain from osteoarthritis of the knee in particular.

    Ginger won’t whisk away muscle pain on the spot, but it may tame soreness over time. In some studies, people with muscle aches from exercise who took ginger had less pain the next day than those who didn’t. Ginger may also help alleviate headaches, menstrual cramps, sore muscles, and other types of pain.

    *Can help treat chronic indigestion

    Chronic indigestion is characterised by recurrent pain and discomfort in the upper part of the stomach. It’s believed that delayed emptying of the stomach is a major cause of indigestion. Ginger has been shown to speed up emptying of the stomach.

    · Reduces the risk of infections

    Gingerol can help lower the risk of infections. Its extract can inhibit the growth of many different types of bacteria and is very effective against oral bacteria. Ginger’s antibacterial power may also brighten your smile. Active compounds in ginger called gingerols keep oral bacteria from growing.

    · Highly effective against nausea

    Ginger helps if you’re trying to ease a queasy stomach. It may help relieve nausea and vomiting. It works by breaking up and getting rid of built-up gas in your intestines and also help settle seasickness or nausea caused by chemotherapy.

    Ginger is loaded with antioxidants, compounds that prevent stress and damage to your body’s DNA. They may help your body fight off chronic diseases like high blood pressure, heart disease, and diseases of the lungs, plus promote healthy ageing.

    · Bursting flavours when added to meals

    From savoury to mouth-watering sweet dishes, ginger is among the few spices that enrich the taste in both cases. Fresh ginger is a great way to add fresh flavour to a variety of meals and recipes. Once peeled and grated, ginger can easily be thrown into various sauces, glazes, and marinades to brighten up the dish. If you want to add ginger to your diet, you can do so through what you eat and drink.