Category: Health

  • Nigeria needs $2.4bn to control HIV in three years – NACA

    Nigeria needs $2.4bn to control HIV in three years – NACA

    By Moses Emorinken, Abuja

    The National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA) has revealed $2.4 billion is needed to control the spread of HIV epidemic across the country in the next three years.

    It said the fund will be used to identify over 90 percent of infected persons and put them on life-saving medications that can reduce their risk of transmitting the virus to others and save their lives.

    The agency noted when the HIV epidemic is put under control, an additional N75 billion will be required to place 1.5 million People Living with HIV (PLHIV) on treatment yearly.

    The Director-General of NACA, Dr. Gambo Aliyu, made these known in Abuja during presentation of 2020 HIV Quarterly Fact Sheet.

    Currently, the prevalence rate of HIV is 1.3 percent, meaning 1.8 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.

    Noting that between 2005 and 2018, a total of $6.2bn was spent to identify and treat 60 percent (1,080,000) of the estimated PLHIV in the country, Aliyu stated that over $5bn (N2.1 Trillion) of the above sum came from international donors – US Govt., PEPFAR program or from Global Funds.

    He urged state governments, private organizations and other well-meaning Nigerians to support the Federal Government, as more funds will be needed locally to sustain any achievement made in the long run.

    The NACA boss said: “Our fear is not getting to control this epidemic because we are getting the resources and help we need at this moment to control the epidemic.

    Read Also: COVID-19: NACA urges PLWAs to stay safe

    “However, after we control this epidemic, what happens? This is the problem. Moving forward, as a country, we will be expected to sustain this tempo and maintain these people on treatment.

    “Maintaining 1.5 million people living with HIV/AIDS on treatment daily for life attracts N75bn yearly. And that is not something at this moment we can sit down and feel like all is well.

    “When we reach that bridge, we will start to look for N75bn. If we do that, we do that at our own risk as a nation. It is now we need to start figuring out where the N75bn is going to come from.

    “Eventually, when we are able to control this epidemic and the big donations begin to shrink or disappear this is what we are worried about.

    “We cannot leave all the work to the Federal Government. The states must contribute and the private sector which has shown great willingness to contribute must be encouraged to continue to contribute.

    “Having all these on the table and making sure that we streamline our funding is the way that will help us eventually when we say we control this epidemic.”

  • NIPRD, NIMR rapid test kits yet to be validated, says MLSCN

    NIPRD, NIMR rapid test kits yet to be validated, says MLSCN

    By Moses Emorinken, Abuja

    The Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria (MLSCN) has stated the test kits recently developed by the Nigeria Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) and the Nigeria Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) cannot be deployed for COVID-19 test as they were yet to be validated.

    It further stated it was working closely with the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) to ensure that the two World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) pre-qualified antigen rapid test kits go through validation as soon as they arrive in the country.

    Of the 33 brands of rapid/PCR test kits evaluated by the MLSCN, all of them failed to meet the minimum acceptable criteria in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

    The agency stressed that none of the test kits is recommended for SARS-CoV-2 (covid-19) infection testing in Nigeria.

    Speaking in Abuja on the report of the second batch pre-market validation of covid-19 test kits in Nigeria, the Registrar and Chief Executive Officer of MLSCN, Dr. Tosan Erhabor, said: “The two test kits that are on CNN and that have been trending have not been subjected to validation by the Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria.

    “For us as an organisation, when we heard of those breakthroughs we were excited and reached out to our sister organisations, congratulating them for their wonderful feat. We’re still using this medium to call on NIPRD and NIMR to subject their kits for validation. You cannot produce the kit, validate it yourself, and you say it should be used in our country. That is not the process.

    “We are calling on them and we are waiting to partner with them. We will be the first to announce that Nigeria has gotten the breakthrough.”

    Read Also: UNICEF donates 115,000 COVID-19 test kits to NCDC

    Speaking on the outcome of the validation tests carried out, Erhabor said that the agency received a total of 43 brands of test kits validation.

    He said the goal was to determine the laboratory performance characteristics of the Rapid/PCR test kits.

    The Registrar said a total of 33 test kits and systems were validated but expressed regret all the antigen and antibody test kits, rapid or otherwise, failed to meet the minimum acceptable criteria.

    He said: “A total of 33 test kits and systems were validated. All the antigen and antibody test kits, rapid or otherwise, failed to meet the minimum acceptable criteria.

    “The 22 rapid test kits being reported upon, while having fulfilled the requirement of rapid test kits, have not met the characteristics of sensitivity and specificity to qualify for deployment for purposes of testing in disease surveillance and routine diagnosis.

    “The highest sensitivity of 60.4 percent found in these kits is too low to be used in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is also far below the generally acceptable minimum in-vitro diagnostics (IVD) sensitivity and specificity of 95 percent.

    “Although some of the kits demonstrated relatively good specificities of up to 100 percent, but these same kits have poor sensitivities making them unsuitable as IVDs. Similarly, the non-rapid antibody detection test kits had poor sensitivities and specificities and are therefore unsuitable for use as IVDs in Nigeria.”

    He stated no COVID-19 rapid test kit is approved for use in Nigeria, and cautioned against the use of any non-validated rapid/PCR test kits.

  • ‘17 things we don’t know – and shouldn’t  pretend to know about COVID-19’ (2)

    ‘17 things we don’t know – and shouldn’t pretend to know about COVID-19’ (2)

    Femi Kusa

     

    That the scientifically proven “nocebo effect” (the opposite of the well studied and poorly understood “placebo effect”) isn’t amplifying what might have been a relatively benign outbreak were it not for a media-driven pandemic of terror and fear. Think about it as a sort of medical hexing, a kind of institutionalized power of suggestion leading to real physiological symptoms and measurable changes in the body, as happens in patients in pharmaceutical trials who are warned about the side effects of the drug being tested – and then they get those side effects, even though they are taking nothing more than a sugar pill. If the nervous system is in chronic repetitive stress responses (sympathetic overdrive) because of fear and terror, many symptoms of sympathetic overdrive are similar to COVID symptoms. I have a whole chapter in Mind Over Medicine, including the shocking data of how powerful nocebo effects can be in producing legitimate physiological illness. (Read Mind Over Medicine if you really want to nerd out on nocebo effects.) In short, though, nocebo effects are not just the power of suggestion causing psychosomatic side effects. Believing you might be getting the real drug – and knowing the side effects of the real drug – might cause real physiological change in the human body in someone who’s taking the placebo and not getting the real drug.

    10) That people aren’t dying of sudden death as a result of acute terror. Sudden death in the face of a terrifying threat is a real thing. You can read about the science of it in my book The Fear Cure. If we can’t test anyone accurately, how do we know that someone who dies from acute terror is getting the cause of death counted accurately (acute sympathetic overdrive leading to heart attack or stroke, rather than COVID-19). How can we possibly get an accurate case fatality rate if we’re not peeling these potentially-confounding factors apart? And if we still don’t know the real case fatality rate, how can we make wise public policy decisions about lockdown, reopening, or other public behaviours intended to save lives?

    11) That reducing COVID deaths is the #1 public health threat the world faces right now. Our reaction to COVIDd-19 has shown us how quickly we as a collective can mobilize and make radical change when faced with a public health threat. But why haven’t we done that to address the reality of one in five people on this planet starving to death? Nine million people die of hunger every year, but we didn’t rally to solve that problem. Is it because we care about rich white people dying of a virus but we don’t care about nine million mostly brown people dying of hunger? There is a very real threat that starvation or mental health deaths may actually increase as an unintended consequence of lockdown, social isolation, loneliness, and the long-term sequelae of economic collapse. Do we not care, as long as rich white people don’t die of this virus? If we save 500,000 people from COVID deaths but increase the hunger, suicide, and overdose deaths by two million, will we have made wise decisions that serve overall public health?

    12) That the WHO and the public health branches allied with it (the CDC in the US, the NHS in the UK, etc.) can most certainly be trusted to protect the health of the world’s population. Are we certain the WHO, the CDC, and other organizations tasked with altruistically protecting the health of the collective have not been corrupted by financial or political agendas? History has shown us that humans can be ruthless. Many ruthless humans pretend to care about the good of the whole while actually intentionally harming the collective. What kind of oversight is in place to ensure that the WHO and other public health institutions have not sold out to corporate or political interests? Is there full transparency in how they get their funding and are there clear laws to protect them from conflicts of interest?

    13) That scientific journals like the New England Journal of Medicine are unbiased, devoted to scientific purity, and uncorrupted by financial or political agendas. From what I can discern, they survive financially largely because of pharmaceutical ads and donations from sources like the Gates Foundation, which is perhaps why Bill Gates seems to have been given free licence to publish in the NEJM, even though he is not a doctor, epidemiologist, public health expert, or in any way academically qualified to write in our most venerated medical journal. Why is Bill Gates writing opinion papers in the New England Journal of Medicine during this pandemic when he comes right out and discloses that he has a vested financial conflict of interest? (In his own words in the disclosures section, he writes, “Bill Gates and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation work with numerous companies in a broad range of fields, including companies working with vaccines and other methodologies to eliminate infectious diseases.” Read the disclosures for yourself here.) In this article intended to be read by front line doctors desperate for good advice, Bill Gates says, “The world also needs to accelerate work on treatments and vaccines for COVID-19.” He stands to profit from having doctors promote the use of said antivirals and vaccines. How is this ethical? Don’t we want our doctors getting advice from our most trusted medical journal from people who do not have any vested interest in promoting any particular pharmaceutical or vaccine? I have always trusted the New England Journal of Medicine. Now, I no longer assume they can be trusted to have the public’s unbiased best interests motivating editorial choices. Maybe they can be trusted. Maybe not.

    14) That drugs and vaccines are the best and only way to treat COVID-19. I was alarmed when I heard from many colleagues in complementary and alternative health practices that their treatments were deemed “ineffective” in the midst of lockdown. How can you tell a Chinese Medicine doctor or a chiropractor or an energy healer who treats the terminally ill that her acupuncture services or her adjustments or hands-on healings are not needed in the middle of a public health crisis? If the WHO and CDC sincerely have our best interests at heart, why are they not recommending nutritional guidelines, vitamin and supplement recommendations, scientifically proven mind-body medicine interventions, evidence-based trauma healing therapies that clear trauma, and scientifically-validated alternative medicine treatments like acupuncture? For example, one of the scientists and energy healers I spoke with today, who I interviewed for my Sacred Medicine book, claims he has treated 34 very sick COVID-19 patients who got better with his scalable energy healing method within 12-24 hours. He’s rushing it through scientific channels to try to prove that it works. But who will make money from it, when he’s creating something he intends to give away to the public for free? If nobody stands to profit, who pays for expensive research studies? Why would the WHO and CDC not recommend proven CAM modalities that treat viral illnesses, especially when conventional medicine has so little to offer?

    15) That the anti-viral remdesivir is definitely effective enough and safe enough to justify rushing it through FDA approval. If you’ve read all the studies on remdesivir like I have, you’ll see that most of them showed no clinical efficacy and horrifyingly dangerous side effects. What you won’t see is any peer review of the government-funded study of 1000 patients that has not been published in any journal or been made transparent to doctors or scientists. So why is the FDA rushing hundreds of thousands of doses of this drug to ICU’s all over the country? Have we not learned our lesson about poorly-tested drugs rushed to market, and the damage many of them turn out to cause? What about “First, do no harm?”

    16) That clinical pharmaceutical research science itself can always be trusted. Because pharmaceutical companies pay to research the medical treatments they will directly profit from, they are at risk of corruption. Science is cleanest when it is funded by unbiased sources that have no vested interest in proving that something is or is not effective and safe. Pharmaceutical drug trials are anything but clean. As someone who used to work as a physician getting paid to participate in performing pharmaceutical research, I was shocked and horrified by the corruption I witnessed directly. It was not unbiased and not even trying to pretend that profit wasn’t the motive. They gave lip service to patient wellbeing and new innovations to save lives, but the way the drug companies talked to us as insiders in the research team was alarming, to say the least. They made it clear that we would be financially incentivized if we got the results they wanted, but if we got, for example, “too many placebo effects,” we might be passed over for further profit-earning research studies. Having spent ten years working with maverick scientists in the healing arts who don’t have a profit motive and have already been discredited and lost their reputations (they waited until they had tenure to “come out” about their data on energy healing and such), I see that if drug companies and other biotech companies do not stand to profit, funding for genuine scientific inquiry into cutting-edge medical treatments is absent. So how we can say we trust science if there’s no funding for anything that questions the dominant narrative as the one and only way to cure a human? I’m all for science – and I want to trust science – but in times of crisis, funding for scientific research should include testing possible treatments that lie outside the mainstream medical orthodoxy. Can science be trusted? Yes, but not if the money only funds those that support the mainstream narrative. If there’s no room to expand to the outlin                                                                                                                                                                                                ers, science is no longer science; it’s a kind of modern-day fundamentalist religion that punishes and excommunicates the heretics.

    1. That rushing to a drug or vaccine is the right thing to do. Of course, we want a cure – and we want it now. While we may enjoy some benefits from the radical changes in our lives and culture – and while we’re seeing the environmental benefits of what we’re doing – many people are nostalgic for business as usual and want it back. However, if you trace medical history, you’ll see that when doctors and scientists rushed to new medical treatments, we often had devastating results. Just look at thalidomide as a treatment for vomiting in pregnancy. Many drugs that are rushed to market are later pulled when we discover they are killing people. With any new medical technology, slow and steady wins the race. We need to slow down, not rush at warp speed.

    I asked for peer review on this list, and a friend who is a physician and medical school professor at Harvard Jeffrey Rediger, MD, MDiv, who wrote the wonderful book Cured: The Life-Changing Science of Spontaneous Healing. Dr. Rediger, added these questions to the collective inquiry:

    1) Does anyone know if good, reliable information exists in regards to the pressures on the media to take or avoid certain perspectives? There are probably different ways to look at this. Our amygdala tend to notice 10 times more bad news than good, and media arguably benefits from paying attention to this with its well-known mantra, “If it bleeds it leads.” What about other levers? To what degree are they influenced by sponsors, especially pharmaceutical companies? A significant percentage of commercials are pharmaceutical-related in the US.

    2) Organization is everything. What can be done to ensure that vaccines for C19 are clearly efficacious and safe before potentially being required? We all know that the history of vaccines raises considerable concern, including the history of rolling them out in spite of poorly-demonstrated efficacy and safety.

    3) What would best organize the indisputable facts of the important issues in the best possible way and then make them publicly available for debate and refinement?

    4) Is there anything that can be done to increase the accuracy of recorded C19 deaths?

    5) What can be done to ensure that the human fallout from current restrictions, such as quarantine, etc. receives adequate, rigorous attention and research? What would it take to ensure that the main attention is to human life, well-being, and freedom rather than to deeper economic concerns on the part of pharmaceutical companies and their affiliates who stand to profit? Again, organization is key.

    Here are a few stories from Harvard:

    A patient I saw last: 86 years old with Parkinson’s disease, unable to leave his assisted living quarters for six weeks, unable to visit with his wife in the same building, see his children, or see anyone really. Walking has long been how he has managed his Parkinson’s. Now he can’t do that, and finally, two weeks ago, in the context of his isolation and loneliness, he quit eating and has been declining. He can’t stand the four walls any longer with nothing to do and no one to see. His son said, “The cure is going to kill him; he can’t tolerate not seeing anyone and not being able to move around.” I think he’s right. This seems to be a theme that I’m starting to see.

    Another patient (76 yo) admitted from the Nursing Home: he and his roommate at the nursing home had been diagnosed with C19 and isolated from everyone else. His roommate died three weeks ago, and the patient is restricted to his room without a TV, telephone, or anything to do. He already has mild dementia; now, he also has both grief (to the degree that he has awareness and can process such things) and depression and no way to fully comprehend what is going on. He quit eating and has been declining. He, like many others, depends in a vital way on social connections and activities. There are lots of stories like this, and they seem to be invisible stories.

    We are now seeing an increasing number of patients admitted to both Good Sam and McLean, who are terrified that they have C19. Sometimes the tests say they have the diagnosis and sometimes the tests are negative (whatever that means). They are freaking out at least to some degree because of the media stories and hype. We need more data on what fear is doing to people.

    Has Medicine Become A Fundamentalist Religion?

    As Charles Eisenstein said when I asked for his feedback on this list of assumptions, these days, modern medicine behaves more like a fundamentalist religion with doctors as their priests than like a true, pure science. “Our culture has its peculiar set of rituals for healing. Anything from outside that ritual system will be rejected as heresy. For something to be a legitimate potion, it must have gone through extensive rituals (called “laboratory research,” “animal trials,” “clinical trials,” and so forth). Those administering these rituals must have gone through multiple initiations (e.g. graduate school, medical school, etc.). They present their findings in a specialized dialect that only the initiated can read (medical journals.) They perform divination too (epidemiological projections). However, just as in the late Middle Ages with Catholicism, this system of ritual has been highly corrupted by profit motives. So we now have an Inquisition to enforce the purity of the cult; hence the crackdown on alternative medicine.”

    We see how the public is revering doctors right now, giving their power away to authority figures like Dr. Fauci like he’s a kind of god. Those on the political left laugh and rage at silly and dangerous Donald Trump, while we pedestalize Dr. Fauci as the epitome of grounded, objective science. But are we 100% certain that all scientific experts are objective and pure of heart? Most doctors I know are so good-hearted. We care deeply about our patients, even to the point of loving them. But this does not make us perfect gods or worthy of being pedestalized as holy heroes. Yes, it’s true that frontline workers are all in positions where they’ve been drafted to fight a war they never signed up to fight, martyring themselves – and dying of COVID-19 and suicide – in the face of this public health crisis. These same doctors are my clients in the Whole Health Medicine Institute, and I adore them and am grateful for them – and they’re telling me how brutal it is to be on the frontlines and how much PTSD it’s causing. Yet the doctors I’m working with are not making assumptions. We are asking good questions together – and questioning everything. Some of these doctors are horrified by what they’re seeing, especially when many realized that ventilators may be killing people who would have survived if they were just given oxygen without mechanical ventilation. It crushes us when we realize that medical intervention is the #3 cause of death in the US, when we try so hard to save lives. These doctors are questioning these same assumptions alongside me, as compassionate, ethical, spiritually attuned priests must have done during the Inquisition. Are the doctors like us who are questioning such assumptions about to get excommunicated, or even worse, beheaded?

    Science must be objective, free of agenda, without conflict of interests, ego-free, and committed to questioning our assumptions, challenging the status quo, making hypotheses, understanding that we will make mistakes, and then publicly admitting when our hypotheses sometimes turn out to be wrong with humility and understanding that being wrong is part of good science. Doctors and scientists who challenge the dominant narrative must not be written off as quacks or labeled as “pseudoscientists.” Maverick doctors and scientists have always been the ones who make exciting new scientific breakthroughs. We need our mavericks right now- and we need them to ask good questions.

     

    In Case Questioning These Assumptions Scares You

    It is too soon to suggest that we understand what is happening. We do not know what is really going on, and to pretend we do is morally questionable. Conspiracy theories are not good science. Neither is fake certainty with political or financial agendas. I know it can be uncomfortable to stay in the place of uncertainty when many are so frightened and even dying. As one sweet woman who touched my heart on Facebook disclosed, “This post is the opposite of The Fear Cure. For my own mental and emotional health, I am going to stop reading news and social media posts that perpetuate fear, while also trying to diligently keep myself safe. It’s confusing and sad. The questions in this post do not move humans towards healing. In my opinion, they create more fear and confusion. You have always been sensitive to your followers, and I appreciate that, but my boundary at this moment in history is to avoid anything that takes away from feeling safe inside my own body.”

    I responded to her, saying, “I totally understand if you need to set boundaries around what you consume. Uncertainty does make some people scared. For me personally, right now, I am more scared by people who are pretending to be certain, when we can easily prove they’re lying. The craving for certainty is part of what I’m hoping to heal with posts like this. If we can develop psychologically and spiritually (by healing trauma) we can feel safe in the face of uncertainty – because, to quote The Fear Cure, ‘uncertainty is the gateway to possibility,’ and when you don’t know what the future holds, anything can happen, even miracles! I just got off the call with my doctors in the Whole Health Medicine Institute, and we were just talking about this – how to help cancer patients who are terrified of getting a CT scan, for example. They have a valid reason to feel fear. They might indeed get bad news from the test. But when we start to trust that there is an organizing intelligence that is conducting a grand symphony of which we are all a part, and if we can quit clinging to certainty and be willing to just let go and flow with the river when it’s in the rapids like it is now – if we can trust that we don’t have to control life, that life is living us – to stop resisting change or uncertainty, there comes a time when uncertainty can even become exciting – because if you don’t know what the future holds, there could be amazing surprise plot twists full of blessings. It’s true that there could also be pain – but unless you’re willing to go for the ride, you’ll never resolve the mystery that is unfolding for us all. The key shift comes when we discover the Mystery can be trusted – and at its heart, this Mystery is benevolent. Call it God, call it the Universe, call if Self or Inner Pilot Light- if you can “let go and let God” – not in a passive way but in a fully surrendered way, if action is needed and you feel certain, you will be guided – and will trust that action. Sending love. I hope that comforted rather than scared you. It was my intention to offer comfort.”

    So . . . let us be humble in our not knowing, for in the space between stories, in this place of uncertainty, when we don’t know what the future holds, anything can happen – even miracles.

  • 1.5m Nigerians suffer from arthritis annually — Association

    1.5m Nigerians suffer from arthritis annually — Association

    Agency Reporter

    The Nigerian Orthopaedic Association on Monday said that more than 1.5 million Nigerians suffered from arthritis annually.

    The President of the association, Dr ‘Kunle Olawepo, disclosed this in a statement in Ilorin in commemoration of the 2020 World Arthritis Day.

    Arthritis is the swelling and tenderness of human joints. The main symptoms are joint pain and stiffness, which typically worsen with age.

    According to him, arthritis is a leading cause of discomfort in the human joints which might result in disability with physical and emotional impacts.

    “No fewer than 350 million people globally suffered from arthritis, while more than 1.5 million people in Nigeria annually receive treatment for this ailment.

    “This observance calls global attention to a complex, multifaceted disease that evidence shows is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with both physical and emotional impacts,” he said.

    Olawepo, an orthopaedic surgeon, described arthritis as a group of disorders affecting the joints, comprising more than 100 clinical conditions arising from degenerative, inflammatory, ineffective, metabolic or autoimmune causes.

    He said that the two most common types of the ailment were Osteoarthritis (degenerative) and Rheumatoid (autoimmune) arthritis.

    According to him, arthritis joint symptoms include swelling, pain, stiffness (especially morning stiffness) and decreased range of motion.

    Olawepo said that the risk factors to developing the ailment were family history and predisposition, age, previous injury to the joint and obesity.

    He noted that complications from arthritis could cause deformities such as Bow and K-legs, shortened limb due to reduced length, bending of the spine and accumulation of fluid in the joint.

    READ ALSO: How diet, exercise can tackle arthritis

    The expert advised the public to embrace lifestyle changes such as weight regulation or initiating weight loss in the overweight or obese, regular exercise for weight therapy and improved motion of the joints.

    Olawepo charged government at all tiers on the provision of relevant and appropriate investigative modalities at an easily accessible location throughout the country.

    “There should be provision of adequate health insurance, to ameliorate the cost of expensive investigations and treatment, including medications and interventions; joint repair, joint fusion and joint replacement surgeries.

    “Arthritis is a global phenomenon with debilitating complications; prevention is the watchword.

    “Lifestyle modification on the part of individuals and government’s support, by providing medical aid toward its treatment, shall go a long way in the proper management of this condition whenever it arises, even as we commemorate the 2020 World Arthritis Day,” he said.

    The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the World Arthritis Day was first declared by the World Health Organisation in 1996, and celebrated annually on Oct. 12.

    (NAN)

  • CACOVID supports PTF on safety of travellers

    CACOVID supports PTF on safety of travellers

    Our Reporter

     

     

    As the airspace opens up gradually for international travels, measures have been put in place to ensure safety of all passengers entering or leaving Nigeria as the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic rages on.

    Such measures include the launch of the Nigerian International Travel Portal(NITP) by the Presidential Task Force on COVID-19 (PTF-COVID-19) with support from the Private Sector Coalition Against COVID-19(CACOVID).

    The portal, which is hosted on the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) website, houses a list of mandatory protocols that travelers must undergo.

    The protocol requires that all persons arriving in Nigeria must have tested negative for COVID-19 having undergone a PCR test in the country of departure pre-boarding.

    The test, however, must be done within 96 hours before departure and preferably 72 hours pre-boarding. Additionally, passengers will be required to pay for the repeat COVID-19 PCR test on arrival in Nigeria.

    The repeat test will take place seven days after arrival within which strict adherence to self-isolation rules must be observed. Also, travelers are compelled to fill in the online Health Declaration/Self-Reporting form and submit online or print out for presentation on arrival. The payments and the registration will be done via the Nigerian International Travel Portal.

    Read Also: No facemask, no voting in Ondo – PTF

    “Before boarding, passengers must upload their COVID-19 PCR negative results on to the national payment portal and bring along an electronic or hard copy of the result for presentation at the airport, while at the time of boarding, all travelers will undergo thermal screening for fever and questioned for symptoms of COVID-19,” the protocol said.

    On arrival in Nigeria, travelers will go through the routine Port Health screening and present electronic or print-out Access Report sent to their emails for verification and approval by the Port Health Officials. Any traveler who develops symptoms during this exercise will immediately be placed in institutional quarantine where appropriate care will be administered. If any of the passengers that are deported tests positive for COVID-19, all his close primary contacts will be required to undergo enhanced screening and a follow-up PCR test if necessary.

    The protocol warns that passengers who fail to show up for a repeat test after 7 days may attract sanctions such as suspension of passports or inclusion on a travel no-fly list for 6 months, and denied foreign travel for the same period. It also revealed that airlines would be fined $3,500 per passenger for failure to comply with the pre-boarding requirements.

     

  • ‘17 things we don’t know – and shouldn’t pretend to know about COVID-19’ (I)

    ‘17 things we don’t know – and shouldn’t pretend to know about COVID-19’ (I)

    By Femi Kusa

    The philosophers tell us that the more we know about anything, the more we learn that we didn’t know much or anything about it. That is what we are now being told by an American specialist doctor, a woman, who has been looking her professional colleagues straight in the eye and telling them and the public that they lied to the World about COVID-19 to fatten their pockets against public health and interest, and that they are a huge disappointment to humanity. In particular, Dr. Lissa Rankin, 52, who has 24 years’practice as an obstetrician and gynaecologist behind her, castigated President Donald Trump, accusing him of collaboration with the huge  pharmaceutical companies to defraud the world and cause the death of many Americans when simple natural medicines are available worldwide to cure this disease.

    Dr. Rankin should know what she is saying. Besides obstetrics and gynaecology, she is a Family Medicine and Integrative Medicine doctor rolled together. This 1996 graduate of the University of Miami Medical School is the founder of Whole Health Medicine Institute.

    When I read her criticism of the way doctors worldwide presented COVID-19 to their fellow country men and women, my thoughts went to Prof.Olatunji Dare, Editorial Page editor and chairman of The Guardian Editorial Board in that newspaper’s hey days, and what human or event he would present to his readers as 2020 MAN OF THE YEAR. What else could it be if not COVID-19, which has literally shut down our civilisation? I am not taking the wind out of Prof. Dare’s sail by presenting the other side of the coin of COVID-19. Really, will 2020 MAN OF THE YEAR be COVID-19 or, as Dr. Rankin says, THE BIGGEST FRAUD OF THE CENTURY?

    Dr. Rankin’s presentation of her case against the profession of orthodox medicine agrees with the position of this column in a series of articles on CORONAVIRUS posted on www.olufemikusa.com. Her struggle to expose what she calls public deceit and fraud will be serialised in this column, under her original title: ‘17 things we don’t know and shouldn’t pretend to know about COVID-19.

    Ladies and gentlemen, Dr. Rankin has the floor…

    A few days ago on Facebook, I made a casual comment questioning part of the dominant narrative (that the anti-viral remdesivir is indeed worthy of Dr. Fauci’s optimism and a lightning speed rush to FDA approval.) A physician and medical director challenged me, saying he was concerned I was dismissive of science and worried I might influence people in ways that would make them turn away from science. I welcomed his challenge and asked for his email so I could get him to peer review something I was writing about Remdesivir. He peer reviewed what I wrote and wrote a cogent response, which he also ran by some of his trusted medical sources. I was grateful for his scientific engagement and for the opportunity to have a respectful discussion. However, I noticed as I read his response to what I had written that his response was based on assumptions I was questioning (assuming that COVId-19 tests or COVID-19 death rates are accurate, for example). I realised that if any of those assumptions turned out to be false, our seemingly logical discussion could be at risk of cognitive error. This respectful scientific discourse with a professional colleague inspired me to make a list of all of the other assumptions I was questioning, which inspired me to crowdsource this list on Facebook), asking for help from my community to make a comprehensive list of assumptions we’re making in public health policy-making and clinical decision-making. It’s clear that there are many things we don’t yet know about COVID-19 and the SARS CoV-2 virus, but I have yet to see any “expert” clearly admit what we don’t know, so I thought I’d take a stab at it. Unless we’re willing to be transparent about where we’re uncertain, attempts at false certainty will only mislead the public and potentially interfere with personal and collective wise decision-making. After writing a first draft of this list, I also asked for peer review from ten medical doctors and researchers who I know well and trust that they have no hidden agenda or financial conflicts of interest. I then shared it with hundreds more doctors asking for feedback, including Gabor Mate, MD, author of When The Body Says No.

    Gabor asked me a great question – “What is your intention for writing this essay? What do you hope to achieve by questioning these assumptions?” I told him that my intention is not to scare people or overwhelm anyone with all this uncertainty, but to be willing to question the dominant narrative respectfully and with scientific rigour, since good science is based on good questions, with a willingness to question every assumption. I told him I was also motivated to gather this list because I see people either rigidly complying with the rules of our leaders – and shaming everyone who doesn’t. I see others blindly rebelling against the rules with no apparent concern for public safety. Both are the result of trauma and conditioning early in childhood. I was conditioned to blindly comply with authority, so I have a tendency to just do as I’m told. Other people I know were conditioned to blindly rebel against authority, automatically resisting if anyone tells them what to do. Blind compliance is how Nazi Germany happened. Outright rebellion by not abiding by quarantine guidelines can compromise what’s good for the collective. “Now is the time,” I told Gabor, “for us to neither blindly comply nor automatically rebel. Now is the time to self-lead our parts, letting what I call your “Inner Pilot Light”) take the lead in your decision-making.” Self-leadership is not selfish; it doesn’t just consider what’s good for you. Because the divine essence of you is also connected to the divine essence of all beings, this center of your being can make wise decisions that expand to include all other beings. Compliant parts can put us at risk of becoming blind sheep in the midst of corrupt leaders that could silence us when we need to be speaking out. Rebellious parts can behave like tantruming toddlers who feel entitled to freedoms they’re not entitled to when public health is at risk. We need the inner children in us to calm down so the wise adults can lead our behavior. We also need to question the dominant narrative until we have better science- and better morals – informing those in positions of leadership.

    So that is at the root of what motivated me to write this list of 17 assumptions I think are worth questioning. If we’re basing global behavior on assumptions that turn out to be untrue, all of our epidemiological models about what the future holds become little more than guesswork in a situation where we keep making best guesses that turn out to be wrong. Of course, in an emergency, we need to be willing to do our best and then admit when we make mistakes. We try something, we observe what happens, we modify our behavior based on what we’re learning – in other words, we use science to help us assess whether our hypotheses were correct – and we admit when we’re wrong.

    For example, many of the doctors I know who are on the front lines initially thought ventilators were the solution. Then the numbers started rolling in, and it became more clear that (1) a huge proportion of people who got put on ventilators never got off them (2) ventilators may have worsened already-existing lung damage, which may turn out to cause permanent lung disability even if people do get off the ventilator (3) early intervention with oxygen – and not ventilators – may turn around this disease without causing the harm ventilators cause. So we try ventilators – and when we discover they may have unnecessarily killed people, we modify our behavior.

    What other assumptions are we making that might be wrong? Everyone is saying “trust the experts,” but as a critical thinker and physician who is not an infectious disease expert, an epidemiologist, or someone trained in public health, it seems to me that many of the assumptions our “experts” seem to be relying on seem erroneous at best and flagrantly misrepresentative of the truth at worst. It’s crucial that we admit what we know and what we don’t know – and remain transparent around our assumptions, not misrepresenting them as proven facts.

    For the record, inquiring about our assumptions in no way says I’m taking a position on whether lockdown is good or bad, whether I believe any conspiracy theories, whether I agree with masks and social distancing, whether I think this whole pandemic is intended to serve some globalist agenda, or any other assumption you might make about someone who asks good questions. I’m not taking a position here-and I don’t intend to take a position until we have more certainty. I’ve been 100% compliant with all of Governor Newsom’s recommendations and have hardly left my house in eight weeks except for my daily walk with my dog. I am merely noticing that there is tendency for people to attack, demonise, and censor anyone who questions the dominant narrative, and that is not good science. Rigorous science requires us to be curious and ask good questions! To put blind faith in the advice of “experts” is fundamentalism, not science. I realised in eight years of researching my book Sacred Medicine that sometimes it’s less about knowing the answers with certainty and more about asking the right questions with humility and a willingness to say “We don’t know.”

    So, with all those disclaimers, based on my copious research on this matter, some assumptions I question and think need elucidation include:

    1) That a COVID-19 PCR test is accurate. From what I can tell, that is very much in question.

    2) That this is a primary respiratory disease. From what the doctors inside are telling me, the illness goes through phases, sometimes behaving like a respiratory disease, but sometimes more like a hematologic disease. If we treat hematologic hypoxia like a lung problem, we may do more damage than good.

    3) That COVID-19 death counts are accurate. Some doctors I’ve spoken to who are on the frontlines tell me they are being pressured by hospital administrators to label anything suspicious of COVID-19 as a COVID death – without testing (yet even testing might be inaccurate). This is unprecedented. Why would we label someone who dies of end-stage lung cancer who has a positive COVID test as a COVID death? If someone dies of influenza, we have never labeled influenza as the primary cause of death. We would label it respiratory failure or whatever actually killed the person. In all seriousness, if we don’t have accurate death counts, how can we possibly test scientifically whether lockdown is helping or reopening is worsening the numbers?

    4) That a vaccine is likely to help and therefore complete economic collapse and the poverty, starvation, and mental illness likely to ensue is worth waiting until we might have an effective vaccine. This is potentially a grave error in judgment, given that many viruses never get an efficacious and safe vaccine. I get why we needed to buy time so we could get adequate PPE and make sure hospitals don’t get overwhelmed – and it seems that places that locked down early – like California – have achieved that. It’s also true that in many other areas that locked down, hospitals are now way under normal capacity, with doctors and nurses getting laid off in many parts of the world. Most vaccines take years to develop, and to ensure that they’re safe can take even longer. We need to have realistic expectations and ensure that if a safe, efficacious vaccine is developed, the medical ethics principle of informed consent is primary. Nobody should be forced to have any medical intervention without their consent. I am not an anti-vaxxer. I vaccinated my child because I trust my intuition and my intuition and intellect guided the choice her father and I made together. I’m only saying that in no way will any forced medical intervention uphold the principles of medical ethics, so we must be vigilant and ethical in our attempts to manage this public health threat.

    5) That once you have a positive COVID test, you will be immune and contribute to herd immunity. We do not have any idea whether having had COVID-19 once confers future immunity. So why are the “experts” and the mainstream media floating the story that mass testing (with inaccurate tests) will allow those who are positive to safely come out of lockdown?

    6) That overall mortality is up in 2020 because of the coronavirus. There’s definitely a novel illness killing lots of people, and places like Italy and New York have been hit really hard. But what does it mean when The New York Times reported that we’re missing 46,000 deaths. If causes of death are not being accurately reported, how can we know whether someone actually died from cancer, heart failure, or another preexisting condition – and just happened to have a positive test. How can we know if more people are dying because they’re having heart attacks at home instead of coming to the ER for early intervention because they’re scared of getting infected? How can we know whether these deaths are side effects of lockdown and not the virus – from suicides, starvation, overdoses, etc? Again, I’m not disputing that there is a novel human illness, something my friend on the frontlines in emergency rooms have never seen before. But is this novel illness increasing overall mortality? We can’t be clear if we don’t have accurate death certificates.

    7) That masks, lockdown, and social distancing definitively work to reduce the spread of this illness. For an infectious disease communicable through social contact, this certainly makes common sense. But is it scientific? It certainly appears that early intervention like we did here in California seems to result in a flatter curve and has successfully bought us time, but will it definitely result in fewer overall deaths because we delayed when we all get exposed? Has it worked before? If Woodstock happened in the middle of a pandemic, why did we lockdown now and not back then? Did we gather more science to prove this strategy would work and be worth the economic collapse and all its resultant side effects?

    8) That this novel human illness we’re calling COVID-19 is 100 per cent for certain viral in origin. It looks like a virus. It acts like a virus. I believe it probably IS a virus. There’s definitely a real, novel human illness and it’s behaving like it’s viral. But are we 100 per cent certain that it’s not the result of some other cause, like an environmental insult that could look like contagion because people in the same environment may have the same toxic exposure? Given how this virus was purified and isolated, some scientists are questioning whether our COVID-19 tests are actually testing for the presence of naturally occurring exosomes, which can look remarkably similar to a coronavirus under an electron microscope. Because exosomes can be found in any human body exposed to physical or emotional stress, is it possible we’re actually testing for emotional stress and not the presence of the virus? Could this explain so many “asymptomatic” positive tests, since we’re all under a great deal of emotional stress right now, but maybe some of us are handling it emotionally and physiologically better than others? As one person who helped me peer review this article wrote, “Exosomes can be ‘contagious’ as well, blurring the distinction between exosomes and viruses. In many situations it is good that they are contagious: basically, what is happening is that one cell or organism is ‘teaching’ others how exactly to meet the environmental challenge. Because, exosomes are not generic. A specific configuration is necessary for each type of challenge. So, the genetic information spreads from organism to organism. For some, it is “too much information,” and the infected person gets sick and dies. Bad news for them, but on the population level, that is what has to happen for the new information encoded in the exosomes to spread. One of the hardest things for our polarised political culture to understand is that things are not usually black and white. When one learns that naive virus theory cannot explain COVID-19, there is a temptation to jump to a polar alternative and say there isn’t a virus or even that no diseases are caused by viruses. That will make you sound silly to anyone who has studied virology. Viruses were discovered at the end of the 19th century because of infection. The Tobacco Mosaic Virus was the first discovered, when they took sap from infected plants and injected tiny amounts of it into healthy plants. The healthy plants got sick, and there were no bacteria present. It was originally called a ‘non-filterable virus.’ So, I would challenge those who are promoting exosome theory to be less dogmatic, and look at the possibility that viruses and exosomes are on a continuum; that each offers a lens. In some cases the virus lens is more useful. In the case of COVID-19, I actually think the exosome lens is more useful. It would invite us to ask what is making our environment so toxic. It would invite different social responses. It would shift focus onto boosting overall health and immunity. And it would undermine the rampant fear of the world and other people that the virus lens plays into.”

     

    e-mail:johnolufemikusa@yahoo.com or johnolufemikusa@gmail.com   Tel: 08116759749, 08034004247,WHATSAPP 08094226112

     

  • Polio eradication: Workers honour Ehanire, Shuaib, others

    Polio eradication: Workers honour Ehanire, Shuaib, others

    Moses Emorinken, Abuja

     

    THE Medical and WorkHealth ers Union of Nigeria (MHWUN) has honoured individuals who have contributed to Nigeria’s feat in eradicating the Wild Poliovirus.

    Among the 56 awardees were the Minister of Health, Dr. Osagie Ehanire; Chairman, National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA), Alhaji Salihu Aliero; Executive Director/CEO of NPHCDA, Dr. Faisal Shuaib; Senator Chukwuka Utazi, Senator Ibrahim Oloriegbe, Hon. Tanko Sununu, and Dr. Ayuba Wabba.

    Posthumous awards were also received by families of six individuals, whose contributions pushed Nigeria to an historical breakthrough. In his solidarity message during the event to celebrate Nigeria’s polio eradication certification, the Chairman of MHWUN, FCT chapter, Comrade Abubakar Shanabo, lauded Nigeria’s achievement of the WPV-free status and urged stakeholders to strengthen surveillance and immunisation programmes to sustain the success achieved so far.

    In an interview, Ehanire, said: “The challenge is to rebuild the health sector and the occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic presents a situation that draws attention to these needs. Most countries of the world have seen defects in their own health systems; same with Nigeria.

    “There is going to be reforms in management, and of course, funding is important. But we also have to learn to make better use of the funds that we get and be able to achieve targets that show that we are spending money properly for Nigerians and getting the results that we are expecting and getting the position that Nigeria should be in in global affairs, with regards to health.”

    Read Also: COVID-19: SGF, Ehanire, Aregbesola, Lai Mohammed, Sadiyya, Adamu,Ramatu test negative

    Shuaib said the lessons learnt from polio eradication would help in solving problems in several areas in the sector.

    “We are going to use the same strategy and resources that have made it possible for us to eradicate the wild poliovirus. We have learnt so much from the almost three decades of trying to eradicate wild poliovirus disease,” he said.

    “The great thing is that the National Assembly, working with the Executive, has made the basic healthcare provision a reality and just a few days ago, the Minister of Health approved the disbursement of funds all the way to the states and primary health care sectors.”

     

  • Emergency care service gets boost

    Emergency care service gets boost

    Adekunle Yusuf

     

    TO boost trauma care and emergency response services, the Loveworld Medical Missions Services has unveiled a multi-specialty hospital at Aseese, along the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway.

    According to the promoters of the new hospital, its unique location along Nigeria’s busiest expressway would make it the go-to facility for people in need of trauma care and emergency response services in the country, as it will be a well-equipped hospital that is staffed with highly skilled medical personnel who are ready and passionately committed to saving lives.

    At the groundbreaking to mark the commencement of the hospital, Reverend Tom Amenkhienan, member of the Central Executive Council, Loveworld Incorporated, said the medical center is specially designed to save lives. He added that the hospital has the mission to provide opportunities for people in need of emergency medical care, especially victims of road crashes and emergency response services.

    “Injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing and developed countries. About 5.8 million people die each year as a result of injuries; overall, injuries are estimated to be the third most common cause of death globally.  Today road traffic injuries are a leading cause of premature death and disability worldwide and in Nigeria, resulting in enormous physical, social, emotional, and economic implications on society.

    “Road traffic crashes involving motorcycles and commercial buses are among the leading causes of injuries. Victims of such crashes form a quota of the patients that will be managed in this hospital. We are poised to change the narrative on trauma management in Nigeria through this great initiative,” he said.

    Read Also: UK regulator sanctions Oyakhilome for ‘airing harmful statements’

    He also appealed to the rich and well-meaning members of the public to support the project. He said: “We are poised to change the narrative on trauma management in Nigeria through this great initiative and it is on this basis that we are inviting you to support this project and to work with the Loveworld Medical Missions to make the dream of this hospital a reality.”

    The Chairperson Trauma Care International Foundation,Dr. Deola Phillips, said the world-class multi-disciplinary health care facility marks another significant contribution from the Loveworld to improving health care services, emergency and trauma response.

    Phillips said the project came alive because of the need for integrated and targeted interventions to reduce poor management of traumatic injuries and medical complications.

    “We have taken a step further through this project, the Loveworld Medical Centre to provide a Christ-centered medical complex that will meet the needs of critically ill or injured patients, by providing them with access to resuscitation, emergency surgical procedures, specialised medical and diagnostic facilities, intensive and high dependency care wards, blood banking, and other allied services; all of which will be delivered by our highly trained team of specialists.

    “We know that we can count on your support and commitment to the swift completion of this project, to the glory of God and to the benefit of humanity,” Philip added.

  • Group launches hospital bed initiative for poor patients

    Group launches hospital bed initiative for poor patients

    Our Reporter 

    A Non-Governmental Organisation, Health Aid Development Initiative (HADI Nigeria), has launched the “Operation Make The Bed Available”, an initiative aimed at providing bed space in hospitals for the underprivileged.

    The initiative was launched at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH) on Thursday.

    Coordinator of HADI Nigeria Joshua Ajiboye said the NGO was established to focus and help Nigerians, particularly those who cannot afford basic health services.

    He explained HADI Nigeria is a crowdfunding NGO and will collaborate to build and get the trust of Nigerians to contribute towards noble causes.

    “We have set up an NGO, which is duly registered. It is a crowdfunding NGO which we have started by ourselves and then Nigerians can come and join us.

    “We intend to run the NGO in a way that we make it look simple for Nigerians to help people.

    “For example, we say people that can give N200 monthly to help others. It is possible for us to get 200,000 Nigerians to donate N200 monthly.

    Read Also: CBN introduces healthcare intervention scheme

    “But it can only be done if we that are running the NGO are sincere and transparent with what we are doing,” Ajiboye said.

    He said the NGO started with provision of bed space initiative because of its scarcity in hospitals, especially for emergency patients.

    “Our starting point is making the bed available because we have discovered that people come into the hospital under emergency and need to be admitted but beds are occupied, no bed space. That is the reason we started with operation make the bed available,” Ajiboye said.

    The HADI Coordinator noted the NGO aims to expand its activities in the future to include providing scholarship for medical students.

    Chief Medical Director of LASUTH, Professor Adetokunbo Fabamwo, who was represented by Akintola Ibhafidon, LASUTH Director of Social Services, thanked HADI Nigeria for starting the initiative at the hospital.

    “It is not easy to give, it is a service to humanity, and when you’re giving, God is watching you and is ready to replenish your pockets,” he said.

    On his part, Kanmi Da Silva, HADI Nigeria Chairman, said: “The intention is to continue this service. It is not a one-off thing. By the time more people get to know about this initiative, it will encourage more people to donate towards good causes in the society.”

    HADI Nigeria presented a cheque of N150,000 to LASUTH to kick start the initiative.

  • 8m annual tobacco deaths threaten global economy- Experts

    8m annual tobacco deaths threaten global economy- Experts

    Nduka Chiejina (Assistant Editor)

    The global economy is at great risk with the potential death of 8 million people annually in the next ten years.

    To mitigate this, experts are calling for a change in the pattern of tobacco usage.

    Dr. Efrain Cambronero Moraga, a leading specialist in medical oncology at the Costa Rica Cancer Center, made this disclosure during a virtual conference on the threat tobacco usage causes and the need to change tobacco consumption behaviour.

    Speaking at the conference which was monitored exclusively by The Nation newspaper, Moraga said: “If the pattern of smoking all over the globe doesn’t change, more than 8 million people a year will die from diseases related to tobacco use by 2030.”

    He explained: “Worldwide, tobacco use causes more than 7 million deaths per year. If the pattern of smoking all over the globe doesn’t change, more than 8 million people a year will die from diseases related to tobacco use by 2030.”

    Moraga gave a breakdown of the geographical distribution of the heaviest users, noting about 80 percent of the 1.3 billion tobacco users worldwide are from low and middle-income countries (LMIC).

    Second-hand smoke, he said, “kills and it is a tremendous economic burden. It is the leading cause of preventable death, illness, and impoverishment and also the leading cause of cancer and cancer death”.

    The death of more than 8 million people annually will amount to “a monumental public health problem to any country”.

    Moraga noted: “Cigarette smoking is diminishing in many countries but non-combustible tobacco products use has increased”.

    Nicotine, he said, “is responsible for keeping smokers from quitting. Nicotine is a non-carcinogenic drug but it is extremely addictive”.

    The desire to reduce morbidity and mortality induced by tobacco use around the world he said was what necessitated the global movement by experts and cigarette manufacturers to organize the Tobacco Harm Reduction (THR) initiative.

    The goal is to lower the health risks to individuals and the wider society associated with using tobacco products.

    Asked if the THR strategy can work in Africa, Moraga said: “harm reduction can work anywhere. It can be implemented in any country, but the regulators have to adapt their control programmes because people who don’t want to quit nicotine because they are addicted need highly advanced measures”.

    READ ALSO: 1.9m die yearly from tobacco-induced heart disease, says WHO

    This approach, he said, “might be more helpful in low-income countries where the mortality rate can be reduced. The thing is, the harm reduction method needs a lot of years to work”.

    He lamented: “Tobacco consumption around the world is still prevalent and in certain areas is growing. I can’t foresee that in the near future this is going to change”.

    THR, he said, “can diminish the negative effects for health but it is still a discussion because IQOS or other similar products might help but we need more evidence and time”.

    Head of the Medical Oncology Department at Hospital in Paris, Prof David Khayat, said smoking was the first risk factor for cancer around the world in 1990 and 20 years later still remains the same.

    This habit, he argued, has led “to 100,000 deaths every year that can be attributed to smoking diseases. That is to say that the policies that we have now are failing”.

    Khayat said despite medical advice for all smokers being treated for cancer to cease smoking 64 percent of smokers diagnosed with cancer continue to smoke.

    “Innovation such as heating tobacco and e-cigarettes can lead to a path of new and safer alternatives for the smokers than can’t or don’t want to stop smoking,” he said.

    Head of the Cardiology clinic at National Cardiology Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria, Prof. Borislav Georgiev, who moderated the conference, said: “is an important publication in LANCET that shows that risk is not fully eliminated, it is reduced but not eliminated. The heat not burned devices or e-cigarette we can’t guess by how much will reduce the harm”.