Category: Health

  • COVID-19: FETHI produces hand sanitisers, face masks for community

    COVID-19: FETHI produces hand sanitisers, face masks for community

    The Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti has produced hand sanitisers and face masks as part of measures  to prevent members of hospital communities from falling victim of the dreaded COVID-19.

    The high quality preventive products,  produced in the hospital  according to the FETHI Infection Control Unit, are for the use of the hospital staff, patients and relatives. “We do not produce for sale”.

    Adejoke Awotona of the unit, who spoke at Ido-Ekiti while showcasing the products, said: “Wards/clinics are supplied daily for use by staff, patients and relatives use. The sanitisers are also at strategic locations for anybody coming to the hospital.

    “Our products are for FETHI community consumption, right from the gates, the security men are there administering to everyone coming in to the hospital, so also censors (sanitiser dispensers) are placed at strategic positions in the hospital which are constantly refilled.

    “We considered producing our own in as much as we have the technical knowledge and there is scarcity resulting from high demand of the commodities which can result into production of substandard products. The management felt that it is best we prepare our own based on World Health Organisation standard.

    “Then COVID-19 is considered to be droplets/airborne and we want to make sure that anybody in the FETHI community does not fall victim,” she said.

    Awotona said:“As at April 15, 2020, we have produced approximately 460 litres of hand sanitisers and about 650 face masks. The production is by Infection Prevention and Control Committee of the hospital”.

  • Coronavirus: Zimbabwe goes herbal…Yoruba go for ewe akoko, agiri, awopa…

    Coronavirus: Zimbabwe goes herbal…Yoruba go for ewe akoko, agiri, awopa…

    FEMI KUSA

     

    It is stale news  that Chinese doctors are  in Nigeria. What may be breaking news is if they came along with the African Black Ant (ABA), a nutritious and immune powerhouse, which some Nigerian men have been taking for erectile dysfunction.

    The ABA may be in the medicine chest of Zimbabwe whose president has asked orthodox doctors to allow herbalists treat Coronavirus disease side by side with them.

    Two weeks ago, this column suggested that, while doctors may be panicking and combing the ends of the Earth for pharmaceutical drugs to fight the viral pandemic, the solution may very well be on their lap, shrouded from their view by intellectual sophistry and arrogance.

    That may be what is playing out now in some countries. In the United Kingdom, Nigerian celebrity Sumbo Wright could not go to hospital because facilities were congested and would be patients were asked to stay at home.

    She called a pastor in Canada who gave a prescription of natural medicines which took her off the danger corridor. Back home in Nigeria, the ooni of Ife, Oba Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi, has told the nation ewe akoko, the Yoruba name for new boulda laevis, can kill the virus.

    The Igbos call it (ogirisi), the hausas (Aduruku) and the efiks (oniok). Before the Ooni spoke,  many people in Southwestern Nigeria protected themselves the way their forebears battled epidemics such as small pox, chicken pox and measles.

    Besides using garlic, thyme , bitter kola, lime and lemon, Tagiri (Christmas melon) is now a common feature in many Yoruba homes.

    Some people who were lucky to find any to buy in the herbs market have planted the seeds at home. It is common to find this melon in sitting rooms, bedrooms, kitchens and even in the premises. Traditionally, Yoruba believe that epidemics are spread by demons and that Tagiri keeps them away.

     

     African black ant

     

    If I invite you to dinner and you have a beautiful dinner and evening and, afterwards, I inform you the soup you licked was spiced with African Black Ant powder, how would you feel? In China, edible black ant (polyrhachis vicina Roger) is widely used in tonics and medicines.

    The first time I encountered it, the black ant was presented for erectile dysfunction and some prostate challenges. Later, it surfaced in a Nigerian network health product for immune boosting. The qualifications of Aba as I call it, for immune function are the results of a series of experiments to access its suitability for this job.

    Some were caged in a mound of refined sugar with nothing else to eat. This was to find out if Aba would become diabetic. Aba consumed the sugar, grew bigger and reproduced and was not diabetic. Next, Aba was thrown into a den of bacteria and, later, viruses.

    On each ocassion, it came out unscathed. That led researchers to examine its chemical composition and this was what one of the nutritional studies on this ant said it was all about. According to www.researchgate.net:

    “This study determined the nutritional composition of the black ant, which included minerals, Amino acids, superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin E and total acid. Results showed that the ant powder contained 77,000 I U/100g volatile oil, 6.0g/100g moisture, 1.6g/100g total acid and 6.3g/100g Ash.

    There are 18 Amino acids, of which, glutamic acid, glycine, aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, proline and tyrosine were predominant. Among the 16 minerals, k, ca, p, mg, Fe, Mn, and zn were predominant. More than 20 organic components were identified, the main ones were 19-octadecenoic acid.

    Six of the compounds found, i.e hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, linoleic acid, ethyl oleate, oleic acid and cholesta-3, 5-diene, have not been reported previously. The results indicate that p.vicina Roger is rich in nutrients and is a potential ingredient for health food”.

     

    The website goes on:

     

    “Vicinia Roger had been used as a nutritional ingredient and processed into tonics or health foods in China. What comes out clearly from the analysis of body parts is that the whole insect is rich in essential nutrients. Since the insect is well endowed with essential zinc, it has several-fold eight health benefits to human body.

    Zinc is important in regulating immune system, relaxing fatigue and anti aging as allowed to by when et Al (2006) and Tang et Al (1995). The American zinc association reports that high concentration of zinc is in the prostate gland and semen.

    The association also asserts that zinc is effective in managing the immune system. Of course, there is evidence that insects’ chittin can significantly reduce serum cholesterol levels and can provide anti bacterial and anti viral effect. The availability of the key food nutrients in the insect justifies the folk tales in high demand for endangered insects’.”

    Www.amazon.com presents the black ant as an energy provider. It says: “The benefits of black ant extract are increased feeling of energy, stamina and mental clarity…black ant extract is also packed full of nutrient containing vitamins B1, B2, B12, D and E plus calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, selenium and zinc. Infact, ants contain the highest amounts of zinc in all known organisms”.

    Beyond the Aba, no fewer than 80 major clinical trials are going on in China to fish out which protocols are best fighters against Coronavirus. The World Health Organisation (WHO) is reported to not yet be satisfied with the methodologies as many of them have no controls, and as WHO would like the procedures simultaneously examined by researchers globally.

    China is adjusting to WHO’s master plan, and have tried stem cell from menstrual blood without significant impact as yet.

    They have tried as well two HIV medicines from the Western world which prevent viruses from replicating. In Alternative medicine, selenium does this. This mineral is a component of superoxide Dismutase (SOD), one of the body’s three basic antioxidants, which is plentiful in Aba

     

    Zimbabwe

    As mankind labours for a conquering vaccine, Zimbabwe has  decided to not keep its eggs in one basket. The government has legally empowered herbalists to treat coronavirus infections. Orthodox doctors say the government should stick to World Health Organisation (WHO) standards below which they believe herbalists are operating.

    The WHO appears caught in the middle because it defines Traditional  Medicine as…”The Healing Art of a people, explicable or inexplicable”. The health ministry delivered a letter from the president to the COVID 19 treatment centre in the capital, Harare.

    The centre was to work with a herbalist who claimed he had a cure for coronavirus infections. Tribert Chrishanyu, leader of Zimbabwe’s herbalists, thanked President Emerson Mnangagwa, saying that herbalists have been treating symptoms of disease similar to COVID 19.

    In any case, he said, they were able to consult with spirit mediums who could give them a clue. But the head of Zimbabwe’s public health physicians, Dr Nyika Manachi, said his side could not take chances with unproven traditional medicine. He believed that “something went wrong somewhere” and the ministry ought to address whatever it was.

    Zimbabwe’s traditional medicine appears better developed than Nigeria’s. In one project to source herbs for new drugs, no fewer than 45 species from 25 plant families have been assembled as samples from different parts of the country through the help of traditional healers. These plants have been identified at the Harare botanical gardens and approved for export after screening for their bio activities.

     

    Ewe akoko

     

    This is a herb placed on the head of royals in Yoruba land at their coronation as a symbolic sign of authority. The Igbos call it Ogirisi, Hausas Aduruku and the efiks, Oniok. In South Western Nigeria where the Yorubas live, many pristine proverbs remind them to either set traps for danger that is afar or confront it there rather than let it come home to roost.

    So, they are arming themselves with all sorts of traditional medicines they believe can prevent coronavirus infection or improve their immunity against it.

    It was in this light that Ooni of Ife , Oba Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi, monarch of Yoruba ancestral town of Ile Ife dropped the hint last week the Ewe Akoko (Akoko Leaves) was a possible cure for coronavirus infection.

    The plant, known as New Bouldla Laevis, has been well known for helping to resolve female fertility questions. The Urhobos call it ogiriki, the Edos (ikimi), the TIV (Kontor), and the ibibio (itomo).

    The leaves  and the bark are useful in many therapies which range from headaches, vision challenges, heartburn, chest pains, diarrhoea, uterine contractions, painful menstruation, inflammation and arthritis to skin problems, cough, toothache, malaria fever, constipation, dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation, epilepsy and cancer, among other conditions.

    COVID 19 is a new disease infection. The Ooni must have his reasons for suggesting to his people that they can fortify themselves against it with Ewe Akoko

     

    Tagiri

    Here comes yet another herb for keeping infections away. By last week, it was almost impossible to find it in any market.  I must confess that I do not know how it works. My testimonial, therefore is…”The healing art of a people, explicable or inexplicable”.

    Until last week, when I knew Tagiri or Christmas melon by yet another name, countelope melon, I would have taken a fat bet that it was inedible, because I hadn’t seen anyone eat it.

    This melon has a high water content which makes it good for rehydration, especially in hot weather. It is blessed, also, with such antioxidants as selenium, beta carotene, vitamin c, Lutein and Zeazanthin, choline.

    Tagiri or cantelope melon, may not be eaten by many people in this part of the world because it is used more for psychic defence in epidemics. But it has its well known uses in poultry to fight bacterial and viral diseases. One of these diseases is Newcastle disease which attacks chickens of all ages .

    Vertinary doctors say it controls or prevents this disease. For this purpose, poultry farmers clean up and cut tagiri into pieces, and then ferment the pieces in water for about seven days.

    Thereafter, the liquid is filtered from the chaff and added to drinking water of the birds. This way, many farmers have saved money on drugs and made their birds organic, reduced mortality and improved poultry health.

     

     Awopa

    Here comes another great herb popular in Yoruba land. Its active ingredient(s) gave rise to Quinine, an anti-malarial pharmaceutical drug which was popular in Nigeria till about the 1960s when the malaria parasite, falciparum, developed immunity against it.

    Seye Kehinde of City People Magazine brought Awopa to international limelight when he interviewed Mrs Sumbo Wright, a London church minister, who developed Coronavirus infection, was told there was no bed for her in hospitals and, then, resorted to self-medication on herbal therapies…and became cured.

    She told Seye Kehinde: ” I had flu like symptoms that were deteriorating by the day. I had used all sort of remedies to boost my immune system and also treat the supposed flu all to no avail.

    I was getting worried and, sensing that time was not on my side, rang the dedicated NHS line 111 but couldn’t get through as they are inundated with calls. So, I braced it and called the GP surgery to speak to my personal doctor who was not around on the day.

    I was quite desperate as I had lost my sense of taste and smell. So, I was desperate to speak to any doctor. The receptionist took my details and, within minutes, a doctor called me back to do a telephone assessment. She confirmed my worst fear which a naturopath had also confirmed the day before.

    I broke down. I suffered most of the symptoms…we had already been told not to come to the hospital. Even the doctor said there was nothing they could do because it was not already in my lungs…and they didn’t really have any remedy or a vaccine.

    The day before I spoke with a doctor, my spiritual daughter in Nigeria sent me a message to find out how I was doing and, told her my symptoms and that I suspected I might have contracted the virus. She immediately put me in contact to a pastor cum naturopath by the name Deji Alabi who resides in Canada.

    I immediately started self isolation. Panic induces stress, and stress affects your immunity. Nature has blessed us in our part of the world with some natural herbs such as Cinchona which is Quinine in its original form. Our leaders need to collaborate with naturopathic practitioners to aid research because I believe creation and medication go hand in hand and neither can exist without the other.

    The following herbal remedies helped me combat the deadly virus.( They were) prescribed by a doctor certified and gifted in naturopathy…Cincinoma (QUININE) otherwise known as Awopa in Yoruba(half a teaspoon to be taken orally every six hours. Tonic water with Quinine to be sipped regularly; 3,000mg of vitamin c every six hours or intravenously by a qualified medical specialist.

    Lots of hot fluid nebulised two to three times daily and inhaled steam through the mouth…Garcinia kola (bitter kola otherwise known as orogbo in (Yoruba) just one to be chewed daily because of high caffeine content and to prevent blood clot as advised by Dr Deji.

    Also, for the cough, chop garlic and ginger with honey to be taken on empty stomach orally…Boil turmeric, ginger, lemon and honey. The lemon and the honey to be added in the cup when you want to drink it”.

    The lesson from the prophetess and Nigerian London celebrity is that herbs can help us get out of trouble. As of the time of her infection, she had some underlying health challenges which may have weakened her immunity and prolonged the time for immune boosting.

    While we should listen to our doctors, we should not feel helpless and hopeless. First and foremost, your health is your personal responsibility, not the government’s or your doctor’s. In this regard, everyone has a direct link with his or her creator who had prepared the table for the nurture of the human body and its maintainance with the right kinds of foods and drinks in health or sickness…long, long before mankind set foot on this earth.

     

    Black seed  oil

    This is one of the oils in the survivor herbal medicine chest of Oyo State Governor Seyi Makinde. The governor was honest, humble and blunt last week when he said his coronavirus infection was cured by some herbal mixed grill which his doctor gave to him.

    We do not know if the herbal prescriptions were primary medications or adjuncts to pharmaceutical drugs. Whatever they were, the governor’s message on his discharge from isolation suggested that some of our doctors were broad minded and becoming holistic in their practice.

    Governor Makinde’s prescriptions were carrots, black seed oil, vitamin c and honey. I would like to suggest that only carrots from organic farms be used. Many doctors and healers have used organic carrots successfully in organic carrot juice facts.

    One of them was the well respected Benard Jensen. Dr  George Malkmus, author of Halleluyah Diet, also cured his stomach cancer on organic carrot juice fasts. Carrots provide the body with large amounts of beta carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.

    That means the body converts beta carotene to vitamin A as needed by the immune system, the eyes, the skin and the mucus lining of the body, including those of the nasal cavaties, the sinuses, the throat, the wind pipes and the lungs. But the body cannot store too much of it at a time without harm to the liver.

    The health industry has got round this problem with water soluble vitamin A or solubilised vitamin A which one may take in much larger quantum than the fat soluble variant without trouble. This is a good idea because some people, especially hypothyrodics, do not easily convert beta carotene to vitamin A as needed.

    Otherwise, one may take huge amounts of beta carotene without worry. An only case where this has been contraindicated was in a study of smokers. The more beta carotene they took, the worse their lung troubles got. Even then, this study was faulted on a number of grounds.

    Smokers may, therefore, wish to seek the advice of their doctors before they embark on huge beta carotene dosages. In high dosages of beta carotene therapy, it is advisable that other carotenoids be added to the therapy. These are available as “mixed carotenoids” pills.

     

    Black seed Oil

     

    This oil gained currency in Nigeria about 10 years ago  when Muslims learned Prophet Mohammed (May the Peace of Allah be upon him) took the seeds regularly. So, it became a regular feature among Islamic products, including rosaries, sold after  Jumat services.

    Black seed oil has many health benefits which include anti-inflammatory properties. This makes it good for asthma, bronchitis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory stomach conditions. In coronavirus infection, inflammation occurs in diverse tissue along the respiratory tract.

    The oil may be combined with CBD oil, Curcumin 2000x, a proprietary formula in which curcumin, an extract from tumeric, has been modulated with cayenne, another anti-inflammatory, to be, as the literature says, 2000 times more potent as an anti inflammatory than a natural curcumin.

    Black seed oil addresses as well, high blood cholesterol and elevated blood pressure which may be underlying health challenges in persons who easily succumb to Corona virus infection.

    How the Chinese used vitamin c to defeat Corona virus infection in their country is already addressed in the  Coronavirus posts in www.olufemikusa.com.

     

  • Colon cleansing crucial to health, wellness – Medical expert

    Colon cleansing crucial to health, wellness – Medical expert

    Dr Lois Obiekezie, the Medical Director of Divine Release Hospital and Maternity in Ojo, Lagos, on Wednesday harped on the importance of keeping a clean colon in a bid to wade off all forms of illnesses.

    Obiekezie spoke with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) on the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle in order to promote fitness and wellness especially in this trying time.

    NAN reports that the colon is a tube-like organ which removes water from digested food; the remaining solid waste called stool, moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus.

    It is also known as large bowel and large intestine.

    According to Obiekezie, just as individuals clean their teeth and body to remove dirt and bad odour, so also it is important to rid the colon of toxic waste to maintain general well-being of the body.

    “A greater majority of illnesses experienced begins from the stomach, due to congested colon.

    “To maintain a healthy colon, we must first learn to know the right things to eat and then how to eat them right.

    “At night, avoid heavy meals with high carbs and calories, because the body retires from the day’s activities at this point.

    READ ALSO: ‘You can benefit from colon irrigation’

    “Therefore, eating heavy meals at night can only increase your chances of accumulating calories which cannot be shed off when you sleep.

    “Vegetables and fruits rich in fibre are good detoxifiers and should be consumed at night,’’ she said.

    According to her, it is important to eat fruits after food, so that the bowels can easily be emptied in the morning.

    Obiekezie said that most people adopt local ways of cleaning the colon by cooking scent leaf locally referred to as “nchanwu”, saying that scent leaf also served as good detoxifiers.

    “Most sicknesses begin from the stomach since what we eat can be re-absorbed into the system. Therefore, once your colon is clean, the tendency is minimal.

    “An illness like typhoid fever flourishes so well in a dirty colon. Conversely, if the colon is sanitised and free, the chance of developing most illnesses is limited,” she said.

    Obiekezie stressed the importance of consuming more of vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins, saying that these also served as good immune boosters.

    “It is worrisome that most people depend on over-processed foods, fried foods and junks.

    “More seriously, it is instructive to shun sedatory lifestyles; and develop the habit of working out,” she said.

    On the COVID-19 pandemic, Obiekezie urged Nigerians to imbibe the habit of frequent hand washing, sanitising and water consumption to prevent dehydration.

    (NAN)

  • Coronavirus and the burden of child delivery

    Coronavirus and the burden of child delivery

    By Oyebola owolabi

     

    Uncertainties about delivery, breastfeeding and other maternal/child issues have become sources of worry for many expectant mothers. Some are too scared to even attend ante-natal clinics, let alone having their babies delivered in the hospital.

    The global lockdown is also not helping matters as many of them are worried about commuting to get their routine drugs and other basic needs.

    What fate lies for them seeing that hospitals are overwhelmed amid the global lockdown?

    A March 18, 2020 publication by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) revealed that two cases of ‘possible vertical transmission (transmission from mother to baby antenatal or intra-partum)’ had been reported. “In both cases, it remains unclear whether transmission was prior to or soon after birth. Expert opinion is that the foetus is unlikely to be exposed during pregnancy,” the report said.

    Women with symptoms of the Coronavirus in China had their babies delivered prematurely, and it is unclear whether the virus caused this or the doctors made the decision for the baby to be born early because the woman was unwell.

    Dr. Wei Zhang, an Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, also co-authored a study, which looked at nine expectant mothers in China diagnosed with Covid-19 and who gave birth via C-section.

    The research team tested amniotic fluid, cord blood, baby’s throat swab, and breast milk, and didn’t find any evidence that the virus could pass from mother to child in the womb or through a C-section.

    The report said: “The new born who recently tested positive in England doesn’t disprove these findings – there’s no information about what kind of preventive measures were taken during delivery or what specimens were tested by the family’s medical teams. It’s unclear how the baby contracted the virus.

    “Though the virus doesn’t seem to be vertically transmitted, an analysis on 10 new-born babies from mothers with COVID-19 found that the infection does seem to have an adverse effect on new-borns – including respiratory distress, thrombocytopenia (a low blood platelet count), and abnormal liver function. Because of this, health experts agree we need more data to fully assess new-borns’ risk of contracting the virus.”

    These reports have, however, not allayed the fears of many, especially considering the present circumstances which have necessitated a global lockdown.

    Some said they would prefer to have a home birth if it was an option. But how realistic is a home birth or other delivery options in Nigeria, especially at a time like this?

    Barbara Nkwocha (pseudonym) is too afraid to even attend ante-natal clinic. She is skeptical about having her baby in the hospital as the health facility which should be a safe place might no longer be so.

    “I am scared because I am due anytime soon. I don’t even know the gender of my baby because the baby won’t open its legs. I have only bought a few things and now that there is a lockdown what will I do? I haven’t made any changes to my delivery plans yet because I am scared. In fact, I didn’t attend ante-natal this week because I was afraid of going out. We don’t know who is infected and who is not.

    “I have also not spoken to my doctor since the lockdown because of fear. I have just been taking my routine drugs and eating well. I would definitely prefer a home birth if such option presents itself because the hospitals are a no-go area for now. I am so scared but I am trusting God in all,” she said.

    Twitter is bombarded with couples expressing their fears and only hoping that things will get better before delivery. @Dspiritual is keeping hope alive for his expectant wife.

    He said: “Just keeping hope alive on behalf of my wife. Calling my family doctor is even scarier. I don’t know the level of safety to categorise his visit to my house. I wish I am a doctor at this time. We have few weeks to go and believing God for a miracle.”

    Abdul Malik @abdulma64658190 said: “My wife’s Expected Date of Delivery (EDD) is next month. She went to the hospital for ante-natal but the officials told everyone to stay at home. They also said WHO said everyone should stay at home. I’ve never seen health workers from hell like those ones.”

    Mrs. Yinka Oluborode is also afraid due to the situation. She has not made changes to her delivery plans and attending ante-natal clinic has not been the same since the outbreak of Coronavirus.

    “I have not really made any change in my plans and ante-natal clinic has not been the same since Coronavirus broke out. The last clinic I attended was not it at all; the doctors were afraid of contracting Coronavirus to the extent that we were not allowed to sit and interact with them. I would also like a home birth if it was an option, considering the situation of things,” she added.

    While Barbara and Yinka are very scared, Mrs. Deborah Aiyo is rather calm. She understands the palpable fear in many, but is sure the doctors are professionals in their field and know what to do.

    She said: “One cannot rule out the fear factor because even doctors and nurses are being careful. They won’t touch you unless they have their long gloves that reach the elbow on. There are no changes to my delivery plans, at least for now. I follow instructions on proper hygiene, especially when I attend ante-natal. I maintain social distancing, regular hand washing and I sanitise my hands before entering and after leaving the hospital. I have also been told to distance my baby from people after delivery.”

    Mrs. Ndidi Igwe (pseudonym) is also confident that Coronavirus will not disrupt her delivery arrangements.

    She said: “There are no changes to my delivery plans. I know my due date and the delivery method I will undergo. I have been attending ante-natal, with precautions though; no going out unnecessarily; taking my sanitiser with me and getting checked immediately I get to the hospital. I also wash my hands before and after I am attended to.

    “My doctor is a professional and hasn’t taken any chances with me. He checks on me daily through calls to monitor my movement and ensure I am safe. There is no cause for alarm.”

    Mrs. Yinka Famugbode is not pregnant but she is sympathetic to expectant mothers, especially those whose due dates fall within the next two weeks.

    “Well, I am sure they can’t attend any ante-natal at the moment considering the tension in the air. If I was in their position, I will just sit at home and use my prenatal vitamins judiciously. It’s not easy being pregnant in this dire circumstances and I pity them. But I believe God will help them and their doctors are professionals who know their jobs and will perform well.”

    Dr. Segun Adeniji also assured the women that pregnancy does not make them more susceptible to contracting Coronavirus. According to him, expectant mothers only need to take all necessary precautions like every other person.

  • How hand-washing kills viruses, other infectious organisms

    How hand-washing kills viruses, other infectious organisms

    From Iorhen Ephraim Akase

     

    ONE hundred and seventy-four years ago in the city of Vienna, a young Hungarian doctor named Ignaz Semmelweis stumbled across a link between pathogens on the hand and the spread of communicable diseases.

    His solution – a mix of hand washing and instrument sterilisation between seeing patients – cut his hospital’s childbed fever rate to below one per cent and would someday become the basis of a fight against a deadly viral pandemic ravaging the world.

    Beyond the medical profession, this newfound consciousness about the link between hand hygiene and communicable diseases also fuelled the development and widespread use of antibacterial and antiseptic prod-ucts, such as Dettol.

    Hand-washing, a relatively low-tech medical solution, has saved lives over the past two centuries. Now in the era of the SARS COV-2 novel coronavirus (COVID-19), its importance is even more pronounced.

    To understand the true significance of what hand-washing does in the context of the ongoing fight against COVID-19, it is important to note that our hands serve as a very effective medium for the transport and transfer of microbes from one person to another.

    The average human skin/hand contains about 1500 germs/each square centimeter of our hands, with the total microbial load in the hands alone estimated to be about 10 million in some people! These germs are divided into resident/ non-harmful germs and transient/ harmful germs.

    The resident germs are often difficult to wash off, and help the body with many helpful activities and also help to fight off the harmful germs. On the other hand, the transient (non-resident) germs, which may survive on the hands for between  one and two hours, can easily be transferred from one person to another through contact.

    Hand-washing with soap movement physically evicts pathogens from the skin surfaces on your hands, which prevents you from transferring them elsewhere. Needless to say, our hands are the parts of our bodies that most come into contact with foreign surfaces and skins.

    This makes the physical removal of microbes from them, particularly important since the COVID-19 virus is said to remain active on surfaces for up to 28 days.

    Read Also: Oyo extends curfew over COVID-19

     

    According to Dr. Sallie Permar, an infectious disease researcher at Duke University, “soap can also physically disarm the COVID-19 virus by attacking the ‘envelope’ – a layer surrounding the virus that helps them bind on to and invade new cells.

    Both the virus envelope and the soap molecules have fatty substances that interact with each other and disrupt the envelope, effectively immobilising the virus and making it unable to infect human cells.”

    It is important to note that while ethyl alcohol-based hand sanitisers have a similar effect on pathogens like COVID-19, they are not to be considered as a substitute for hand-washing.

    Speaking to the Smithsonian Magazine recently, Chidiebere Akusobi, a Nigerian-born infectious disease researcher at Harvard’s School of Public Health, explained that while hand sanitisers do kill microbes, they do not physically evict them from skin surfaces; unlike soap which is specifically designed to lift oily dirt off surfaces.

    “Soap emulsifies things like dirt well. When you have a dirty plate, you don’t want to use alcohol—that would help sterilise it, but not clean it,” he said.

    According to a 2008 American study, the simple act of washing hands after coming into contact with other people and unsterilised surfaces can reduce the risk of contracting a respiratory infection like the coronavirus by up to 21 per cent.

    Statistically, washing our hands with soap and obeying physical distancing guidelines will do more to slow the spread of the virus than any other solution apart from a vaccine. The COVID-19 pathogen reportedly has the ability to stay alive on surfaces for up to 28 days.

    This means that objects and surfaces that several people touch regularly, such as work, surfaces, door handles and hands can become excellent vectors for delivering the virus to new hosts.

    This is a particularly great risk because patients are known to be infectious even when the disease is still in its pre-symptomatic stage which lasts up to 14 days in most cases.

    Washing hands, as seen above, will destroy and evict the pathogens from the skin’s surface. More importantly, washing hands regularly will reduce the risk of transmission by getting rid of the virus soon after an individual touches a surface where it is present.

    Without this measure, the virus would spread very easily, especially among people in close physical contact, such as families. It is fair to say that regular hand washing is the single biggest weapon we have against the coronavirus in the absence of a vaccine, which is still at least a year away.

    In the meantime, the simple act of washing hands and implementing social distancing recommendations may be all it takes to keep our families safe from COVID-19.

  • Ogun deploys mobile app for residents’ self-assessment

    Ogun deploys mobile app for residents’ self-assessment

     

    The Ogun State Government has rolled out a mobile application for the public to self-assess themselves on individually for the dreaded coronavirus.

    The state had last month launched a real-time concurrently updated mobile application for health workers, which has been deployed to  government and private health facilities across the 20 local government areas to aid information sharing.

    In a statement by the Commissioner for Health, Dr. Tomi Coker, the new application, christened, “Ogun COVID-19 Assessment,” is not for diagnostic purpose; it is meant to determine the risk of resident’s exposure to the disease.

    Coker noted that the application is downloadable on Google play store and can also be assessed on https://covid19.ogunhip.com/ and https://covid19.ogunstate.gov.ng/

    Read Also: BREAKING: Nigeria records 14 new cases of COVID-19, total 288

     

    She said responses are monitored on a dashboard at the state ministry of health, which will flag high risk individuals as red and promptly followed up by the state epidemiologist.

    “This mobile application is an assessment tool for the individual members of the public on the basic symptoms of coronavirus. It can be downloaded on google play store. The app is not for diagnostic purpose. Responses are monitored on a dashboard at the ministry of health which will flag high risk individuals as red who are promptly followed up by the State Epidemiologist,” Coker said.

    Urging the public to take advantage of the mobile application, the Commissioner assured that Governor Dapo Abiodun is putting measures in place to contain the disease.

  • BoI boosts relief fund with N700 million

    BoI boosts relief fund with N700 million

     

     

    THE Bank of Industry (BoI) has joined other corporate organisations and philanthropists in supporting the fight against the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic by donating N700million to the relief fund.

    The bank announced that it has contributed N500million of its relief funding to the private sector Coalition Against COVID-19 (CACOVID).

    This donation will go towards a fund that has been created to provide more testing, isolation and treatment centres across all geo-political zones.

    In addition, BoI is providing financial support of N100million to the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Ministerial Committee on COVID-19. The bank is also supporting the Lagos State Government with a donation of N100million.

    Read Also: COVID-19: Rep calls on FG to include constituents in relief package

     

    This level of contribution will advance regional efforts to combat the spread of the pandemic through the supply of critical care equipment, facilities and essential relief aid.

    “At this pivotal moment in the history of our great nation, we stand with the Federal Government and our colleagues across various industries. We are optimistic that if we all play our part, we will beat COVID-19 and we will see Nigeria recover and thrive,” said Olukayode Pitan, Bank of Industry MD/CEO.

  • NAPPSA warns against misinformation, fake drugs

    NAPPSA warns against misinformation, fake drugs

    By Adekunle Yusuf

     

    The Nigerian Association of Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Scientists in the Americas (NAPPSA) Inc has expressed concerns over the amount of misinformation about the coronavirus disease, and the activities of some unscrupulous companies/people who are taking advantage of the pandemic to market and sell unproven and illegal coronavirus (COVID-19) prevention and treatment options.

    NAPPSA, therefore, warned that the dire consequences of the pandemic in Nigeria may take a more frightening turn if the country does not join the global effort to curb the trend.

    These fears were articulated in a recent statement by NAPPSA entitled: “Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Update,” signed by the association’s President, Dr Anthony Ikeme, and the Secretary, Dr Aloysius Ibe.

    NAPPSA, which was founded about 14 years ago, represents over 7,000 pharmacists, pharmaceutical scientists, pharmaceutical educators of Nigerian origin living in the United States and Canada.

    “It is extremely important for everyone to know that some people and companies are trying to profit from this pandemic by selling unproven and illegally marketed products that make false claims, such as being effective against the coronavirus.

    Fraudulent COVID-19 products can come in many varieties, including dietary supplements and other foods, as well as products claiming to be tests, drugs, medical devices, or vaccines,” NAPPSA stated.

    The association said these are trying times when people and nations are searching for solutions against a strange disease, which makes it easy for unconscionable characters to take advantage of people’s fears.

    NAPPSA thus urged the government and regulatory agencies, such as the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), to monitor the market to ensure people’s miseries are not further compounded through exposure to dangerous substances marketed as palliatives.

    They also urged them to ramp up public education campaigns to counter the misinformation about coronavirus that undermines the effort to contain the pandemic.

    NAPPSA said this warning becomes necessary considering  that some of these fraudulent COVID-19 products and misinformation are promoted by healthcare professionals.

    Read Also: Coronavirus is not a scam, says Fed Govt

     

    The association explained that so far, there is no approved product to either prevent or treat COVID-19, but rather that there have been promising off-label uses of drugs, including chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine  that still require further investigations and clinical trials to determine their efficacy.

    “Clinical studies are underway all over the world to determine the efficacy in using hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine to treat COVID-19.

    The FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) is working closely with innovators to expedite these efforts, including leveraging scientific information about the virus and ongoing clinical trials in the US and other countries such as China, Japan, South Korea and Italy,” the association said. NAFDAC recently revealed that it would soon commence clinical trial of chloroquine.

    The Director-General of NAFDAC, Prof Mojisola Adeyeye, said in a report that the trial “will be soon but I don’t know how soon”.

    According to NAPPSA, there is a need for “responsible dissemination of information” about the global collaborative effort to contain COVID-19.

    As such, the association promised it would continue to give regular updates on these efforts as well as collaborate with healthcare professionals in Nigeria, and regulators, such as NAFDAC, to fight the scourge and ensure it does not overwhelm the healthcare services as witnessed in Italy, Spain, United States, and other countries.

    Beyond the pandemic, NAPPSA is looking forward to work with the Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria (PSN) and the National Association of Industrial Pharmacists (NAIP) to build indigenous capacity for pharmaceutical manufacturing to ensure that Nigeria is better prepared to produce her medicines rather than rely on China, India and other countries. So far, according to the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Nigeria has more than 238 cases of COVID-19.

  • Coronavirus: Potential of solarised (sun-charged) water

    Coronavirus: Potential of solarised (sun-charged) water

    By Femi Kusa

    I retreated last week to an “Old Generation”. Our generation is very sick and appears  unable to heal itself that it reminds me of the days of The Black Plague in Europe when about 20 million Europeans were wiped off the face of this earth. In the old world of my grandparents, there was a health remedy I have dusted up, just in case it may serve the needs of this time.

    Since last week, I have been stocking water in a clear white glass bottle which I keep in the sun from sunrise to sunset and drink all evening and night. I plan to also keep bath water outdoor in the evening, let the moon and the stars shine upon it, and bathe with it in the morning. I am told this was a common health building practice of a few Nigerian generations past. In the internet, you would read of the health secrets of The Four Thieves, who survived the great European plague which killed more than 20 million people. This medicinal secret may protect and save lives in this generation of Coronavirus disease.

    When I thought about changing my table water to water sun heated in a clear, glass bottle, I had a hunch that the long lived and pandemic free by gone generations of Africans couldn’t be wrong. Even the “black plague”, one of the worst pandemics in human history, contaminated only fringe regions of Egypt, not the rest of Africa. Those generations conducted themselves in the knowledge that earthly existence was not independent existence, that the stars, the sun and the moon influenced earthly life in various ways and that, beyond the stars, there existed another world which could not be seen with the eyes, but, nevertheless was subject to experience by something within their bodies that was not these bodies…they themselves.

    I was glad this week when I learned from Hari H.P Cohly, Asit Panja, and M Rajeswara Rao in www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov that sun -heated water could really be a good health protector and builder. They carried out an experiment which showed than sunlight transformed the chemical and physical properties of water and modulated its biological functions.

    Everything is radiation

    The column of last week titled: ‘’Coronavirus: Neither drugs nor injections, but the right kinds of foods and drinks bring lasting health”, now available in www.olufemikusa.com, was all about the likelihood that right applications of the knowledge of radiations in the war on Corona virus may bring victory to mankind.

    Sun heated table water

    Many beliefs underline this knowledge of medicine.

    • Everything which exists is energy, and energy radiates. Radiation moves in waves at varying speeds which depend on the specie of radiating energy. The speed of radiation produces specific colours. Thus, it can be said that different colours represent differences in energy specie and the speed of the radiation of each specie. Thus, also, while some waves may only be heard as sounds and some can be seen in colour forms, others, such as infrared radiations cannot be observed by the naked eye.
    • The stars, the sun and the moon are not mere decorations in the sky; they are radiating downwards on the earth.
    • There are seven wavelengths, radiations or colours in the radiations of sunlight, namely
    1. a) RED b) orange. c) Yellow. d) Green. e) Blue f) indigo and violet. Each colour is believed to have a specific effect on the health of the body. A clear (white) bottle in the sun attracts all the Ethers (components) of the seven colours of sunlight. When water is kept in a blue bottle, however, it is only the blue ethers which are attracted into the water. Ancient teachings suggest that various organs in the body are composed of or exhibit all the Ethers in such various proportions or ratios which differentiate one organ from the other. This may not be evident to lay eyes. Clairvoyants can distinctly see the radiations of every organ and the colour it exhibits as lay eyes can tell green from red. Thus, a clairvoyant doctor, as we are told care givers of the future would be, need no diagnostic tools or support to know which organ of the body is sick, or in what degrees. If the organ is meant to be dense yellow but is pale yellow, the clairvoyant doctor would know that is where the health problem is, and advise the patient about which foods and drinks would recharge that organ to health. Thus, in the case of a yellow organ not “booting” well, the clairvoyant doctor may suggest water sun heated in a yellow glass bottle or a clear (white) bottle wrapped around with a yellow sun filter. This would attract all the yellow ethers, and the sick yellow organ would “drink” a surfeit of the yellow ethers. But where the sun heated water is in a clear bottle, all ethers are present in the water. Healthy organs top up their ethers and sick organs fill up.

    There is another angle to this idea, which modern education has confined to the realm of fringe science. This knowledge belongs to the reality that the Worlds not the earth. The earth cannot, therefore be interchanged with the World. The “world” is Creation. The “earth” is a tiny outpost smaller than a grain of sand in the scheme of things. The crown of creation is paradise of man. Beyond or above paradise is the world of angels and archangels. This column today is not concerned here with what, to me, are misdefinitions of the simple geography of this gigantic work which is believed to house seven Universes one of which is ours, Ephesus. Angelologists get wool up the geography when they grope from below upwards. The right knowledge of this geography can only come from revealed knowledge or knowledge revealed by someone from the summit of creation. In clearer geography, however, we recall the starting point of the world which science has tried to capture and define as the Big Bang. The pressure and white heat of Pure Light ignites motion in an environment and impels fire, dust, gas and nebulae across the boundary between life and void into the void. Over billions of years, these materials settled into their present forms which are connected by common forces and influences, since they have a common orign. Thus, if the human body originates as one of the last precipitations of these influences and is thereby connected to them, they should influence it in a myriad of ways.

    Three influences

    I would like to mention today only three of the influences taught by ancient peoples. The Chinese, for example, still keep records of a Circadian Rhythm in which certain organs of the body are said to be inclined to certain planets or stars during sleep for their maintainance. These organs may contain enough of the dominant materials in these extraterrestrial bodies to make the connections by radiation possible. This is giving me the picture of these heavenly bodies as transmitting stations and the organs as receiving devices.

    If we skip this hour for the link up of an organ, that organ misses its etheric nurture for that night, it is said. Thus, an accumulation of misses may portend wasting, disease, premature aging or organ failure.

    Thankfully, plants, fruits and herbs store radiations from all heavenly bodies in special batteries from which the human bodies extract these radiations. Modern agricultural practices are defeating this purpose, however. Genetic modifications change the atomic structure, and, since structure is function, modified structure cannot provide natural or nature-intended function. This, in no small measure, depletes immune function, which may be why human immunity at this time appears powerless against Corona virus disease. For immunity is all about the capacity of the organism to withstand and defeat external forces which invade its operations and threaten them. The World Health Organisation (WHO) is emphasising the need to strengthen human immune system against the virus. About three decades ago, it asked all nations to make laws for the reduction of the sugar, fat and sodium content in all processed foods, saying three ingredients had been implicated in many degenerative diseases. But many nations turned deaf ears to this call.

    Finally, we have in sun heated bottle water one of the cheapest medicines on earth…water. The same goes for the radiations of the moon and the stars on bath water.

    I used to be cynical about the claims of natural care givers that the bark of a tree boiled in water and used as bath water could cure internal and external health challenges specific to them. But some experiences encouraged me to keep an open mind. One was the contraceptive finger ring an orthodox doctor in Lagos from Calabar gave to his female patients with one year guarantee. He soaked them in a herbal preparation, the formula of which he inherited from his father, a herbalist. Another was the powder form of a plant which a vendor sold to haemorrhoids sufferers. One of the drivers of Mr Hyacinth Uzor, a former sales manager, of Nigerian Brewries, was a beneficiary. The powder herb was not taken internally or applied to the haemorrhoids. It was applied, instead, on the sufferer’s faces…and that was the end of the haemorrhoids. It then dawned on me that this was healing at the level of radiations. Whatever comes out of us, such as urine or feaces, bears our radiations for a while. The same goes for our clothes, shoes or hats. The radiations of these objects connect with our radiations wherever we may be, and may impact on us whatever radiation is loaded on them, just as electromagnetic waves bring voice or picture signals to our radio and television sets, or just as our cell phones receive data messages from other cell phones.

    Radiation and immunity

    Even human immunity is a process of radiation war on invading radiation. The bigger swallows the smaller and weaker. We humans are as though suspended in a sea of radiations from the cosmos, land, and the earth and well-fortified to withstand them by consuming plants, fruits and herbs of the seasons and of drinking sun-bathed water (“…right kinds of foods and drinks”…). But modern civilisation has altered our natural radiation environment, making the cells of our bodies subject to ionisation or dismantling, damage, disease and death.

    Coronavirus hypothesis

    Of all the suggestions made for the cause(s) of the present pandemic, four are worthy of consideration. These are:

    • Sin and punishment
    • Accident in virus production factory
    • 5G radio wave technology, and
    • Rare stellar constellation.

    Sin and punishment

    Although plausible in the light of an approaching judgement of the earth, many people have roundly dismissed it. All things being equal, China has fully recovered, losing not more than 4,000 people. We may say Europe and America are paying the wages of the gay and other lifestyles illegal in nature. But total global death figures have not equalled an average of 25,000 malaria-related deaths in Nigeria every month.

    Factory accident

    This is yet to be dismissed or settled.

    5G technology

    The credibility is still running high. It falls with an electropollution bracket of several decades. In past decades, it was suggested that the electrical fields of many electrical appliances were interfering with the electrical fields of human cells and may be ionising them. To ionise is to dismantle. That shouldn’t be much problem as upbuilding (anabolism) and catabolism (breakdowns) are a normal cycle in nature, provided upbuilding surpasses breakdowns. Upbuilding is supported with the consumption   of minerals and vitamin dense foods. The trouble is that, even before the Advent of the more ionising cell phone, human nutrition in the face of ionising adversity had degenerated to levels unsupportive of health. Thus, 5G technology penetrating power would appear to be driving the nails into the coffins.

    Stellar constellation

    This comes from a 14-year-old Indian prodigy and his highly plausible. The constellation of stars has effects on the earth. The radiations once poured down by some stars supported the life of dinosaur. And once the dinosaur finished its business on earth, the radiations abated as the stars, too, wound up. People who are knowledgeable about how the single land mass on earth was fractured into the various continents and islands and peninsulas may recall that it took the moon 49 years to accomplish this in the Atlantean civilisation, with warnings every seventh year to the inhabitants of that advanced civilisation which they failed to heed. Nothing in the universe happens suddenly. Notices are given. 14-year-old Indian boy, Abighya Anand, saw the constellation coming up and foretold the disease it would visit the earth with, mankind is guilty of paying no heed to events beyond his earth. The radiations of the constellation, if there was one, may have aggravated effects of 5G technology in countries which have deployed it, notably those worse hit by pandemic.

    Benefits of solarised water

    Stress, toxins and heavy microbial loads weaken immunity. Solarised or sun-charged water may help clear the dross and even help during recovery from even virus infection. Science backs the view that Solarised water irreversibly kills viruses, bacteria etc and alters the chemical, physical and biological nature of water to make it more reactive and healthful. One of the most well documented studies which explains how this happens was carried out by Hari H.P Cohly, Assist Panja and M. Rajeswara Rao. Their goal was to find “Evidence for alteration in chemical and physical properties of water and modulation of its biological functions by sunlight transmitted through colour ranges of the visible spectrum-A novel study”. They used samples of sea water, well water, and distilled water. They divided the samples into control groups and different colour groups. Their findings were exciting. Solarised blue water alone helps mosquito and larvae to hatch.

    Solarised orange water stimulates root growth in seed germination. Their conclusions were:

    “There is an indication that 40-day incubation in sunlight results in storing solar energy as potential energy, which can be utilised as kinetic energy in various biological systems. These results are novelty and open new possibilities for the investigation and understanding of the role of exposed water through different colours of the solar spectrum for plant, insects and human life”.

    Solaried water is worth trying. Some people believe technology caused the global COVID-19 pandemic in countries which have deployed it. Sun-charged water is as old as human civilisation. Knowledge of it keeps popping up and disappearing. It was known in ancient Greece as Chromotherapy. The word came from Chroma (colour) and Therapies (medical treatment). Many authorities agree that solarised red, orange and green are best taken in the first half of the day, as it is energising, while blue, indigo and violet are best in the second half, being calming. Each colour is specific for each part of the body. Violet, for example, relaxes the nervous system. Green kills bacterial and viral infections. Red provides energy and stimulates the blood. Blue reduces stress. Yellow is reported good for weight management, perhaps because it reduces appetite.

    Blue is believed to also boot biological formulations, and is linked to the throat chakra and lymph nodes. This should be of interest to people challenged with lymphatic system health.

    For now, I solarised water in clear glass bottles for an all-colour effect, and sip it throughout the day. This is not a season for one way medicine. The United States, seeking to remain a leader country, is goading the world towards chloroquine, a discarded anti-malarial. China wishes to tell Nigeria how it got over coronavirus, and many Nigerians pandering towards America are defaming this leading business partner of their country. I asked one of them if China would like to destroy or support its biggest market in Africa and he had no answer. Nigeria’s Professor Maurice Iwu says he has a formula and a vaccine. Are we giving him fair hearing? The Ooni of Ife says the Yoruba royalty leaf, ewe akoko(r:m:r:d:r) (new bouldia laevis) is a cure. The Igbo call this leaf Ogilisi.The efik call this leaf Oniok and hausa, call it Aduruku. Opthalmologist Prof. Bukola Adefule Oshitelu, chairperson of Lagos State Traditional Medicine Board, has made suggestions from Mother Nature’s treasure trove which Nigerians in the United States and Britain are following. Governor Seyi Makinde of Oyo State has tested negative and told us he used carrots, black seed oil, vitamin c etc to cure himself. Are we listening to them all or waiting for controversial vaccines from the United States or Germany, or the one Israel is offering? If chloroquine works because it is an anti-malarial, can we not consume anti-malarial herbs with our meals? Would we not have been better for us, if our leaders encouraged us to consume these natural remedies in the hope that it may boost immunity? If they boost immunity and our record is so low that we do not have to keep everyone indoors on empty stomach, will our economy not be the better for it? We are too intellectual and not intuitive in decision making and that is why our lives are always upside down and commotion prone. I eat raw pawpaw leaves in rice and beans when I do not use the powder. I also solarise chanka piedra in water. What of karella, and bitter leaf and lemon grass? We should follow nature in all things. Man did not create anything. Things were created in a process of radiations. Man does not create; he only transforms radiations. Even the alchemists of old transformed sand into gold. When we unite radiations, we obtain new forms. Coronavirus may very well be the outcome of wrong unions unintended for this earth by Mother Nature. Therefore, only radiations of the right kinds can dismantle it effectively. Something good always comes out of the bad in the end.

    For me, I have rediscovered an ancient healing art in the process of finding a natural balm for Coronavirus ailments… Solarised orsun-charged energy water.

  • Measles claims seven children in Adamawa

    Measles claims seven children in Adamawa

    Agency Reporter

     

    The Adamawa Government has confirmed the death of seven children after a measles outbreak in Malabo village in Fufore Local Government Area (LGA) of the state.

    Dr Bwalki Dilli, Director, Public Health, in the state Ministry of Health said this while speaking with News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) on Wednesday in Yola.

    Dilli said that a report from Executive Secretary of the LG Primary Healthcare Authority, revealed that 25 children were infected with the disease.

    “Out of 25 suspected measles cases from Fufore LGA, seven were childen were confirmed dead.

    “Right from February there had been pockets of suspected measles cases across five LGAs in the state including Fufore,” he said.

    Dilli said that following intensive investigation, the areas affected were discovered to have had a history of rejecting routine immunisation.

    He said adequate measures had been put in place to curtail further spread of the disease.

    Measles is a viral infection commonly among children but is easily preventable through administration of doses of vaccine.

    The disease spread through the air by respiratory droplets produced from coughing or sneezing.(NAN)