Category: Insight

  • Governorship Polls: How states will vote

    Come Saturday, March 9, the last phase of the 2019 general elections would be concluded with the conduct of 29 governorship and State House of Assembly elections. About 14,000 candidates will vie for 991 State House of Assembly seats. In the just concluded presidential election the All Progressives Congress (APC) and its candidate, Muhammadu Buhari, won in 19 states, while Atiku Abubakar of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) triumphed in 17 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). However, this result may not necessarily determine the outcome of the governorship contest as local issues come into play. Also, in the week following the February 23 poll, there have been intriguing realignments in some states where the presidential contest was very close. That raises the stakes in a couple of states, with the prospect of surprises and upsets likely to unfold. In this piece, Yusuf Alli, Managing Editor, Northern Operation, Sam Egburonu, Associate Editor, Dare Odufowokan, Assistant Editor and Fanen Ihyongo examine the scenarios in the states that would be electing governors and project likely outcomes.

    NORTH EAST ZONE

     

    ADAMAWA STATE

    No state gives the APC leadership more headaches than Adamawa where it lost two senatorial seats contrary to the pre-election permutations. From the results of the presidential and National Assembly elections, it was obvious that the state identified with its son, Alhaji Atiku Abubakar who was the presidential candidate of the PDP.

    The colour of the governorship race in the state reflects its assets and challenges including religion, ethnicity, security challenges, the political elites, money, gang-up by looters of public treasury in the past and good governance.

    More than any state in the federation, the 28 governorship candidates are drawn from different religious groups and about four women are in the race too.

    The list includes the incumbent, Governor Jibrilla Bindow; ex-Acting Governor Umaru Fintiri; a serial contender, Marcus Gundiri of SDP; Abdul-Azeez Nyako of African Democratic Congress (ADC), an Islamic cleric, Bappare Umaru of KOWA Party, who doubles as the Imam of Jamaatul Nasril Islam (JNI) Friday Mosque in Jimeta area of Yola town; a Christian cleric, Rev. Eric Theman, of Movement for the Restoration and Defence of Democracy (MRDD) among others.

    The women aiming to lead Adamawa as governor are: Lami Musa of People’s Party of Nigeria (PPN); Na’ama Bulama of Progressive People Alliance (PPA); Rukayya Audu of Action People’s Party (APP) and Elizabeth Isa of Change Advocacy Party (CAP).

    Going by performance, Governor Bindow’s achievements will make it an easy ride for APC. Unfortunately, some political leaders are angry with the governor, who is a minority, for not looting and sharing the state resources. But Bindow has upped the ante in Adamawa and his performance benchmark will create a hurdle for his successor.

    The major parties competing for space in the state are APC, PDP and SDP. The gruesome killing of a former Chief of Defence Staff, Air Chief Marshal Alex Badeh (rtd), has affected the fortunes of SDP because he was alleged to be a major sponsor of the party’s candidate.

    For Atiku, who has just lost the presidential race, he is also part of the governorship race in order to consolidate his base. His anointed candidate lost to Bindow at the APC primaries in 2015 and it took him fortunes to win Bindow to his side.

    He was instrumental to the emergence of Boni Haruna as the governor from 1999-2007 but after a cold war with ex-President Olusegun Obasanjo, he lost the initiative to the ex-president who wielded incumbency influence to anoint Vice Admiral Murtala Nyako who was unceremoniously impeached due to his spat over the Boko Haram insurgency with the administration of ex-President Goodluck Jonathan.

    With a slim win of 410, 266 votes by PDP over APC’s 378, 078, the governorship contest is still open in Adamawa. President Buhari needs to pacify a former Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Babachir Lawal and the younger brother of the First Lady, Dr. Modi who are leading the assault against the return of Bindow.

    Verdict: Battleground

     

    BAUCHI STATE

    The state boasts of 20 governorship candidates. But the strong contenders are the APC candidate Governor Mohammed Abubakar; the PDP flagbearer, Senator Bala Mohammed, who was a former Minister of the Federal Capital Territory;  a former Minister of Health, Professor Mohammed Ali Pate and Ambassador Shu’aibu Ahmed Adamu of the NNPP.

    Although all the candidates signed a peace accord on December 21, 2018, the political atmosphere in the state is tense because its gubernatorial outlook is always unpredictable despite the fact that APC won last Saturday’s presidential and National Assembly elections. Some members of the class which brought Governor Abubakar to power in 2015 have fallen out with him.  Pate of PRP is expected to spring a surprise if the results of the Presidential and National Assembly elections have not dampened the momentum he had gained in the past few months.

    The intervention of President Buhari, especially his reconciliatory agenda among the stakeholders has, however, stabilized APC in the state. The fortification of the party through the defections of ex-Governor Isa Yuguda; a former National Chairman of PDP, Adamu Mu’azu, the immediate past Deputy National Chairman (North) of PDP, Senator Garba Babayo Gamawa and a Board of Trustees member, Alhaji Kaulaha Aliyu has created barriers for PDP.  This is the first time Yuguda and Mu’azu will find a common political ground and pursue the same goal.

    Being a traditional stronghold of Buhari, the governor may benefit from his political goodwill. On the whole, the odds favour APC.

    Verdict: APC

     

    TARABA STATE

    Some heavyweights are back to the governorship trenches against the incumbent state governor, Darius Ishaku (PDP). They include a former Acting governor of the state, Sani Danladi (APC), a former Minister of Women Affairs and Social Development, Aisha Alhassan of the United Democratic Party (UDP), Babangida Umar of the SDP, Adamu Danbako of APGA and Danjuma Umaru – National Rescue Movement (NRM), among others.

    But it is a three-horse race between Governor Ishaku, Danladi, and Alhassan with religious, ethnic and insecurity as top considerations. The results of the presidential poll confirmed PDP as still the first choice with the opposition garnering 374, 743 as against APC’s 324, 906.

    A former Minister of Defence, Gen. Theophilus  Danjuma, will be a big influence because he has largely determined (or handpicked)  the governor of the state since 1999. Notwithstanding his cosmopolitan outlook, Danjuma does not joke with his ethnic and religious indulgences.

    PDP may still have an edge because the APC candidate (Danladi) and Hajiya Alhassan of UDP might split Muslim votes.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    BORNO STATE

    Despite the insurgency, Borno has about 41 governorship candidates, most of whom are paperweight politicians. The key actors in the battle for Government House in Maiduguri are a former Commissioner for Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Resettlement, Prof. Babagana Zulum (the APC governorship candidate) and a former state chairman of the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), Alhaji Mohammed Alkali Imam.

    The PDP appears virtually dead in the state and it lost its soul when a revered ex-Governor of old Borno State, Alhaji Mohammed Goni (1979-1983) defected to APC. Also, PDP’s abysmal performance at the Presidential and National Assembly elections has underlined its weakness.

    Other factors that have secured the state firmly for APC are the performance of the outgoing governor Kashim Shettima; the decision of APC stakeholders to sink their differences over gubernatorial primaries;  the defection of  a former national chairman of PDP, Senator Ali Modu Sheriff to APC and the appreciation of the people of the state of Buhari  administration’s commitment to the war against the Boko Haram insurgency .

    With the paltry 71, 7888 votes earned by PDP at the presidential election, only a miracle can make it win the governorship poll. The existence of two factions in the party, led by Alhaji Usman Baderi and Alhaji Zanna Gadama respectively, has cleared the coast for an easy APC victory.

    Verdict: APC

     

    YOBE STATE

    Yobe not only has cultural affinity with Borno State, the pattern of politics in the two states is often similar. The political leaders share the same views and their voting trend has been alike in the First, Second, Third and Fourth Republics. The March 9 poll is thus likely to be a mere coronation of the APC candidate, Mai Mala Buni, who is the outgoing National Secretary of the party.

    In spite of a change of PDP candidate, the emergence of Ambassador Umar Iliya Damagum as the new standard bearer of the opposition has not improved the fortunes of the party. The most vocal PDP member in the state, Buba Galadima, could not even deliver his polling unit during the presidential and National Assembly elections. APC received 750 votes to PDP’s two votes there. It is certainly a one-horse race in Yobe State.

    Verdict: APC

     

    GOMBE STATE

    The clean sweep of the presidential and National Assembly elections by the APC showed that ex-Governor Danjuma Goje has bounced back as the godfather of politics in the state.

    The defeat of incumbent Governor Ibrahim Dankwambo in the senatorial election will weigh heavily on the fortunes of the PDP. Saidu Ahmed Alkali of the ruling APC polled 152,551 votes against Dankwambo’s 88,016 votes to win the Gombe North District seat.

    But the governorship poll will determine whether or not Dankwambo has finally lost relevance in the state. The governor had seized power in 2011 and virtually overshadowed Goje. The two leaders have a date with history on March 9.

    While Goje is sticking to Inuwa Yahaya (an Hausa from Gombe Central) as APC governorship candidate, PDP and Dankwambo have opted for ex-Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives, Senator Bayero Nafada, who is a Fulani from Gombe North.

    In 2015, Goje fielded the same Yahaya (his honest ex-Commissioner for Finance) as the governorship candidate of APC but he lost the battle because of intra-party crisis in which Nafada was the arrowhead of the revolt.

    For the governorship race, ethnic colouration and the need for power shift might determine which of the APC or PDP will win the race to the Government House. In the past 16 years, Goje (from Gombe Central District) and Dankwambo (from Gombe North Senatorial District) have ruled the state and there is agitation to allow power to shift to another zone.

    The PDP has a trust hurdle to cross following the breaking of a pledge by Dankwambo to concede the governorship ticket to Gombe South. The PDP on October 3, 2018 lost Sardauna Gombe, Alhaji Jamilu Isiyaku Gwamna who defected from PDP to APC. Gwamna’s parting of ways with PDP has tightened the noose on PDP.

    Verdict: APC

     

    NORTH CENTRAL ZONE

     

    BENUE STATE

    Contrary to predictions, the race appears tighter in Benue State going by the tally of the presidential poll in which PDP garnered 356, 817 votes as against the APC’s  347, 668. With a difference of about 9, 149 votes the two leading governorship candidates, Governor Samuel Ortom (PDP) and Emmanuel Jime (APC) will have to work extra hard to win the March 9 poll.

    Although the farmers-herders clashes of 2018 will influence the poll in Benue, the debate is also shifting to issues like performance, outstanding salary arrears and allowances, the management of bailout funds and London-Paris Club refunds, recent sack of some local government chairmen, among others.

    For Ortom, who boasted that he has retired ex-Governor George Akume, he has a two-in-one governorship battle to wage. He is confronting Jime and Akume at the same time. If Ortom gets re-election ticket, he will go down in history as a pacesetter and a giant killer. Otherwise, if he goes to sleep with the slim margin of 9, 149 votes, it may prove fatal especially if Chief Barnabas Gemade (Benue North-East) and ex-Deputy Governor, Stephen Lawani, Mike Onoja, Usman Abubakar, and other Idoma leaders pull resources together.

    The results of the senatorial election in Benue South showed that there could be an upset during the governorship poll if there is a realignment of forces. The results were Abba Moro of the PDP (85,162 votes);   Lawani of the APC (47,972 votes); Mike Onoja of SDP (29,901 votes) and Usman Abubakar of APDA (5,504 votes).

    Since Ortom and Jime are Tiv, the vote deciders might be the Idoma. This is why Ortom is over relying on a former President of the Senate, David Mark, ex-Minister of Interior, Senator-elect Abba Moro and other Idoma leaders.

    Buhari is not a candidate in this election, so attention will be firmly focused on local issues like the backlog of salaries owed by the state governorship. There are also questions as to the commitment of former governor Gabriel Suswam to the cause of re-electing Ortom. Given the complex interplay of local factors enumerated above, the race for the governor’s seat in Benue remains too close to call.

    Verdict: Battleground

     

    KWARA STATE

    The emergence of the “O To Ge” (Enough is Enough in Yoruba) revolution in Kwara State which led to the fall of Senate President, Bukola Saraki, the PDP and all its candidates during the presidential and National Assembly elections, has dimmed the hope of the party currently ruling in Kwara State.

    The new protest vote culture in the state was actually targeted at a change of power at the state level. The March 9 poll is expected to complete the revolution when Abdulrahman Abdulrazaq (APC) and Abdulrazaq Atunwa of the PDP face the electorate. The state is in the mood to complete the coronation of the APC candidate.

    What will compound the PDP’s woes is the decision of some loyalists of Saraki to vote against his candidate (Atunwa) because of the reckless manner in which he was imposed on them. There were better candidates than Atunwa but the Senate President insisted on having his way.

    The factors that will interplay include the poor/ woeful performance of PDP and its governor;  dilapidated infrastructure in the state; non-payment of outstanding salaries of local government workers, lecturers of state-owned tertiary institutions and  street sweepers; the defection of bigwigs and members of Saraki dynasty from PDP to APC;  reneging on commitment to power shift to Kwara North; the neglect of Kwara South;  the division in Ilorin Emirate occasioned by the APC governorship candidature of Abdulrahman Abdulrazaq and the challenge which the choice of PDP governorship candidate Atunwa has provoked.

    Verdict: APC

     

    NIGER STATE

    Ahead voting in less than a week, no governor is more upbeat than Abubakar Sani Bello of Niger State, who is a son-in-law to a former Head of State, General Abdulsalami Abubakar. He has been over the moon because APC won the presidential and National Assembly polls in the state where President Buhari has large cult following.

    Bello is about 90 percent sure of returning because he enjoys the confidence of the political kingmakers in the state. Apart from being from a wealthy family (which owns a minority stake in MTN and Amni International Petroleum Development Co., an oil exploration company with a 50% interest in the Okoro Setu oil field), the father of the governor, Col. Sani Bello (retired) is a member of the military elite dictating the pace in Niger State.

    The governor will benefit from the goodwill of his father, the benevolence of his in-laws and adherence to the power rotation formula in the state, irrespective of whether a governor has performed or not

    Coming as he does from Zone C, there is an unwritten agreement that any zone in power must complete its two terms in office.

    Notwithstanding, the governor’s main challenger is Umar Nasko of the PDP, whom he defeated in 2015. The PDP candidate is also a son to Major General Muhammad Gado Nasko, who was the military governor of Sokoto State between 1978 and 1979.

    Unlike in 2015, Nasko, who was a former Chief of Staff to ex-Governor Babangida Aliyu, does not have the war chest to confront the incumbent governor.

    Barring seismic political changes, APC is likely to retain the state.

    Verdict: APC

     

    NASARAWA STATE

    For the first time since 1999, gubernatorial power has been mutually ceded to Nasarawa South Senatorial District in the state by most of the political parties at the prompting of Governor Umar Tanko Al-Makura who made the concession to beat the opposition to its game.

    The governorship slot had rotated between Nasarawa West and Nasarawa South and any slip will be too costly for APC. Though Al-Makura has anointed Abdullahi Sule ( ex-Group Managing Director of  Dangote Sugar Refinery) as APC governorship candidate, the option is left for the people of Nasarawa North to accept him or go for either the PDP candidate, David Ombugadu or APGA candidate, ex-Minister Labaran Maku, who is fast becoming a serial governorship contestant.

    Unless it is well managed, the voting pattern in the state may slide into the religious divide because the Muslims are queuing behind the APC candidate and the Christians are split over Ombugadu (PDP) and Maku (APGA). The religious tone might compound the ethnic cleavages in the state.

    The private sector credentials of Sule give APC a comfortable edge. And with the victory of the APC during the National Assembly elections, things are adding up for

    Verdict: APC

     

    PLATEAU STATE

    The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) has already cleared 21 governorship candidates in Plateau State and 279 candidates for the 24 seats in the State House of Assembly. Some of the candidates are Governor Simon Lalong (APC); Lt.-Gen. Jeremiah Useni (PDP); Mr. Godfrey Miri (SDP); Gen. John Temlong (ADP); Dr. Haruna Dabin, a former PDP chairman in the state, but now the candidate of PPC; Mr Timothy Parlong (APGA); Mr. Bitrus Musa (ADC); Alex Ladan (ANN) and Mr. John Bigwan (GPN) among others.

    The political climate in Plateau is similar to its twin sister, Benue State but Lalong’s leadership qualities have reunited and restored peace to the state. The main issue for the February poll is how to curtail the security challenge in the state. The PDP’s antidote is the choice of the 75-year old Lt. Gen. Useni, who was a former Minister of FCT under the late military Head of State, Gen. Sani Abacha.

    For Lalong, age is on his side and his generation will be more preferable than the septuagenarian Useni.

    Another issue is religion which ex-Governor Jonah Jang has exploited in the past to sustain PDP. But the leading candidates Lalong and Useni are Christians – which takes the sting out of this factor.

    The absence of imprisoned ex-Governor Joshua Dariye has created a setback for APC, but the governor has been able to accommodate his structure in the scheme of things. It would be a straight fight between Lalong and Useni, irrespective of what transpired in the state during the February 23 polls.

    Verdict: Battleground

     

    NORTH WEST ZONE

     

    KANO STATE

    Ordinarily with the allegation of millions of dollars bribery against Governor Abdullahi Ganduje of the APC, the contest ought to be over integrity between him and his PDP rival Alhaji Abba Kabiru Yusuf.

    But the hostility of Senator Rabiu Kwankwaso against President Buhari and his defection from APC to PDP have changed the political narrative in the state to the border line between loyalty and treachery. This is the second time Kano State will go through such experience.

    During the 1983 general elections, the PRP picked the late Aliyu Sabo Bakin Zuwo, who had no formal education as its governorship candidate against the late Governor Abubakar Rimi of the Nigerian Peoples Party (NPP) who ran an “all graduate” State Executive Council. But Zuwo, rated as a semi-literate despite sponsoring more bills in the Senate in the Second Republic, defeated Rimi because of his undiluted loyalty to the leader of PRP, the late Mallam Aminu Kano.

    Prior to the February 23 poll, the PDP was actually bubbling with much hope that it would win Kano State or give APC a good fight. The defeat of the party at the presidential and National Assembly elections has dimmed the chances of the opposition on March 9.

    The demoralizing outcome of the first stage of the elections has left the party to scavenge to pick up the pieces. If PDP has any problem in the state, it has to do with the way it conducted its governorship primaries that led to the anointing of Yusuf by Kwankwaso. The imposition weakened and depleted the party.

    The mass movement of ex-Governor Ibrahim Shekarau and his supporters from PDP to APC was the last straw that broke the camel’s back. Others who have deserted PDP are Prof. Hafiz Abubakar, a former deputy governor to Governor Abdullahi Ganduje, a former Managing Director of the Nigerian Ports Authority,  Aminu Dabo; the immediate past  National Treasurer of PDP, Bala Mohammed Gwagwarwa; Security Adviser to Kwankwaso, Gen. Danjuma Dambazzau (rtd); Senator Isa Zarewa; and Mu’azu Magaji Dan Sarauniya, who was a former Senior Special Assistant to ex-President Goodluck Jonathan on SURE-P.

    APC may retain the state because of the Buhari factor: since 2003 he has never lost an electoral contest in the state. There is also the influx of new influential defectors, and the incumbency factor of Governor Ganduje who is more popular among the masses and Islamic clerics in Kano.

    Verdict: APC

     

    ZAMFARA STATE

    With the court clearance, the scramble for governorship in Zamfara State is by the PDP candidate, Alhaji Bello Mohammed Matawale, the candidate of the All Progressive Grand Alliance (APGA), Abdullahi Sani Shinkafi and the APC candidate who the court will have to determine. There are two candidates in APC namely, the popular Dauda Lawal (a former Executive Director of First Bank) and Alhaji Mukhtar Shehu Idris.

    It is hoped that the reconciliatory process initiated by Vice President Yemi Osinbajo will assist Zamfara APC to get its act together. Whatever it is, APC will surely win Zamfara governorship poll because PDP has a very weak candidate.

    Verdict: APC

     

    KATSINA STATE

    For the return of Governor Aminu Bello Masari, Katsina State can be taken for granted by the APC because he will benefit from the tremendous goodwill of President Buhari.

    The PDP is bound to be affected by the bandwagon effect of February 23, 2019 presidential and National Assembly elections in which it lost with a difference of  924, 077 votes. The APC political hurricane is ravaging Katsina.

    Although ex-Governor Ibrahim Shema and the PDP governorship candidate, Garba Yakubu Lado, are trying to shake the APC, they cannot go far.

    Verdict: APC

     

    SOKOTO STATE

    Governor Aminu Waziri Tambuwal is the last of the political titans, who defected from PDP to APC, whose fate is yet to be determined. Ex-VP Abubakar lost the presidency; Senate President, Bukola Saraki has fallen by the wayside, Rabiu Kwankwaso has lost the grip on Kano and Yakubu Dogara is no longer returning as the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

    The Sokoto State governor has a date with history on March 9 because the gubernatorial race will define his political future especially whether or not he will keep afloat or slide into oblivion. He has lost two battles before the governorship contest including the loss of the PDP presidential ticket and the victory of the APC at the presidential poll and the clearing of three senatorial seats in the state by the APC

    His main challenger is actually not his erstwhile deputy, Alhaji Ahmad Aliyu, but his estranged godfather, ex-Governor Aliyu Wammako. From the pulse during the campaign, Wammako’s political treasure is his closeness to the masses.

    Beside his solid structure, some of those with Wammako are ex-ministers, lawmakers and APC leaders like Umar Nagwari Tambuwal, Muhammed Maigari Dingyadi, Yusuf Suleiman, Abubakar Shehu Wurno, Jibril Gada, among others. His main asset, however, is his closeness to the grassroots.

    Tambuwal has the backing of some forces in the Caliphate, ex-Governor Attahiru Bafarawa, Mukhtar Shagari and a few other political leaders.

    So far, the calculations are not looking rosy for Tambuwal whose performance had been very poor. He is a laggard compared to the records of Wammako and ex-Governor Attahiru Bafarawa.

    Verdict: APC

     

    KEBBI STATE

    The sterling performance of Governor Abubakar Atiku Bagudu of Kebbi State in the last three and a half years and his ability to keep APC united, have made Kebbi a no-go area for PDP. He has brought his experience in the private sector to bear in managing the economy of the state. His focus on agriculture has led to massive employment and rice boom. With the backing of the respected ex-Governor of the state, Senator Adamu Aliero and Bagudu’s ability to win more souls into APC, especially ex-Governor Saidu Dakingari and his deputy, Ibrahim Aliyu, PDP is already stripped naked in Kebbi State.

    Verdict: APC

     

    KADUNA STATE

    Despite the fact that the outcome of the presidential and National Assembly elections in Kaduna State was in favour of the APC in Kaduna State, it might be an uphill task for Governor Nasir el-Rufai who is seeking a second term ticket. He has a serious match in the candidate of the PDP, Mallam Isa Ashiru Kudan. Already, two candidates, Polycarp Gankon of the All Progressive Grand Alliance (APGA) and Ezekiel Habila of the Liberation Movement (LM), have withdrawn for Ashiru.

    The colour of politics in the state will be determined by security challenge, performance, the prolonged Hausa-Fulani/Southern Kaduna cat and mouse relationship, religious factor (especially mutual suspicion by Muslims and Christians), the rising Shiite clan and its attendant grave security implications and distrust among political elite.

    In the midst of these daunting factors, el-Rufai became audaciously adventurous by picking Hadiza Balarabe ( a fellow Muslim) as his running mate. Justifying the choice of Hadiza, the governor said: “Muslim-Muslim ticket is not a religious ticket but a competent and performance ticket.” He had also argued the even if he picked the Pope as his running mate, the people of Southern Kaduna, would not vote for him. It is a slippery decision which may redefine politics in the state.

    But before the March 9 poll, el-Rufai has lost a leg of the tripod which can earn him votes. For wielding ethno-religious cards, APC could lose Kaduna South Senatorial District as it did on February 23 during the presidential and National Assembly polls.

    A political experimenter, el-Rufai’s greatest asset is the enthronement of new governance modules which have reduced wastes in government. Apart from pruning the size of his cabinet, he has cut frivolous expenses and his performance is appreciable. But his garrulous, uncompromising and dictatorial leadership style at a point alienated him from the masses.

    El-Rufai’s other battle is his fight with political elite in the state. He is a victim of his own attempt to uproot the status quo. There are no old politicians in Kaduna State who are with him.  Members of the old brigade who were with him in 2015 like Suleiman Hunkuyi, Isa Ashiru,  Yaro Makama, and Ambassador Sule Buba are now in PDP. These old hands have teamed up with ex-Vice President Namadi Sambo, a former National Chairman of PDP, Senator Ahmed Makarfi, and ex-Governor Ramalan Yero.

    The governor has, however, bred a new generation of young politicians who are managing to warm their hearts into the people of the state. If he succeeds in displacing the old brigade from power next month, he would have created a political record in the state.

    But for the Buhari factor, el-Rufai may fail in his second term bid. It is also important to note that the president is not on the ballot on March 9 and local issues would determine the outcome. The state is a flashpoint to watch.

    Verdict: Battleground

     

    JIGAWA STATE

    About 19 candidates are jostling for the governorship seat in Jigawa State. Among them are the incumbent Governor Abubakar Badaru, recurring candidate of PDP, Aminu Ringim, Bashir Adamu (SDP), Sanusi Gumel (Peoples Democratic Movement), Abbas Mujaddad of ANN and others.

    What is at stake in Jigawa State is a struggle for the soul of the state by ex- Governor Sule Lamido and Governor Badaru whose rice production revolution has empowered many citizens of the state. His problems arise from his alienation of the political elite and some royal fathers who are not enjoying as much largesse as they used to do in the past.

    For Lamido, the loss of PDP to APC in 2015 was a disaster and he is determined to regain the control of the state. His Achilles Heel, however, is the imposition of Ringim as the party’s governorship candidate – a development which angered some PDP stalwarts.

    The success of the APC at the National Assembly polls has deflated PDP in Jigawa such that the opposition is already threatening to boycott the governorship and State House of Assembly elections unless the State Commissioner of Police, Bala Senchi, is redeployed.

    Verdict: APC

     

    SOUTHEAST ZONE

     

    ENUGU STATE

    In Enugu State, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) candidate, Governor Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi, is best positioned to win in this week’s governorship election. A PDP stronghold, the party won last week’s Presidential and all the National Assembly elections in the state.

    Independent National Electoral Commission State Collation Officer, Prof. Joseph Ahaneku, who is the Vice Chancellor, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, announced that the party won in the 17 local government areas of the state.

    Out of the 421,014 valid votes in the state, PDP scored 355,553 votes against 54,423 votes polled by the All Progressives Congress in the state. 30,049 votes were declared invalid.

    The party’s performance in the elections confirmed prediction that except something extra ordinary happens between now and Saturday, Governor Ugwuanyi will most likely to record a landslide victory in the governorship election. Besides flying the flag of the party that has remained most acceptable in the state, the governor’s performance in the last four years, which his admirers described as superlative, plus his friendly disposition with all, including politicians in the opposition, will boost his chances.

    Since the return of democracy in 1999, Enugu has remained a PDP state. In 2015, for example, PDP garnered 553,003 out of the total 573,173 viable votes cast in that year’s presidential election, leaving the other 13 political parties that contested that election to share the remaining 20,170 votes.

    Although APC in the state now boasts of having top political leaders like former Governor Sullivan Chime, former Senate President Ken Nnamani and an influential governorship candidate, in the person of Senator Ayogu Eze, it seems only practical to predict that the party, if it works even harder, may win some state constituencies in this Saturday’s state elections, unlike what happened last weekend when it lost all the elections in the Presidential and National Assembly Elections to PDP. If the party wins some State House of Assembly Elections, it will, in a way help to boost the strength of the party in Enugu State’s local politics in the next four years.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    ABIA STATE

    Abia State has been another PDP stronghold since 1999. But as we reported earlier, under-performance or lack of quality dividends of democracy in the state has resulted to outcry from across the state for far reaching changes.

    Although Alhaji Atiku Abubakar, the candidate of PDP in last week’s presidential election, won the state, scoring 219,698 as against APC’s 85,058, it is predicted that in the governorship election, this feeling of poor performance will ultimately affect the way the people will vote in the forthcoming Governorship and State House of Assembly Election.

    As we hinted in our earlier reports, most stakeholders in the state are furious to note that Abia, though an oil-producing state, is today one of the least developed in the country, physical infrastructure wise, a development that has resulted in aggressive agitation for change of leadership.

    The feeling that the state needed socio-political change preceded 2015 elections. Then, majority of voters simply stayed away during Election Day. The records showed that the state recorded high level political apathy that year. Our investigation shows that this attitude has changed tremendously. In all the 17 local government areas of the state, campaigns have been comparatively more passionate and determined. It is being alleged that the renewed interest is a result of well-coordinated schemes to put Abia on a new path.

    The result of this new disposition has started to manifest, at least considering the outcome of last week’s Presidential and National Assembly Elections. It could be said today that in addition to PDP, the support base of two other political parties; the All Progressives Congress (APC), led by former Governor Orji Uzor Kalu, now Senator-elect and the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA), led by Dr. Alex Otti, its governorship candidate, have become very significant.

    As the state prepares for the governorship and State Assembly elections, even the ruling PDP cannot deny the evident pressure occasioned by the emerging strength of the opposition. The question in most observers’ lips is will PDP’s candidate, Governor Okezie Ikpeazu enjoy the same ease his PDP predecessors enjoyed in previous elections?

    Before now, PDP flagbearers always took it for granted that they would be given the mandate. It seems so much has changed in Abia. Take what happened in Abia North Senatorial Zone for example in last weekend’s elections, where APC candidate defeated the incumbent PDP Senator with ease. If such a development is repeated during the governorship election, the incumbent governor, who is the PDP governorship candidate, may need to work harder to be reelected.

    Our investigation shows that unlike presidential election, where the obvious popularity of Peter Obi in particular and the relative acceptability of Atiku in the state, favoured PDP, the governorship may be a direct assessment between the popularity and acceptability of the incumbent governor Ikpeazu and the leading figures in APGA and APC..

    We gathered that APGA’s candidate, Dr. Alex Otti, enjoys high popularity in the state, same as APC’s governorship candidate, Uche Ogah. During the 2015 governorship election, both Otti and Ogah played very important roles. It would be recalled that Ogah and Governor Ikpeazu contested PDP primaries. The contest dragged to the post elect judicial battle, where, at a stage, the court ruled that Ogah was the rightful candidate of PDP who was actually given the mandate to govern. It took an appeal to overrule that judgment and allow Ikpeazu to assume the mandate. The mass jubilation amongst the youths across the state when Ogah was temporarily named the governor-elect four years ago gives credence to his popularity. As for Otti, who also flew the ticket of APGA, his wide acceptability in Abia is well known both by his supporters and his opponents.

    These confirm the view that the forthcoming governorship election will be a hot contest. Insiders said Otti’s grassroots campaign ahead of this contest is even more effective than what he did in 2015. Yet, in 2015, majority of the insider observers still argue that he actually won the election, alleging that his victory was robbed by the PDP government. Sources said Otti and his party, APGA is even more positioned now to win the governorship in Abia.

    Also, it is believed that APC can no longer be taken for granted in Abia today. It would be recalled that even in 2015, when the party did not have some political heavyweights it parades today, it came second in the state during the presidential election when it got 13,394 valid votes. So, the permutation today is that the governorship race will be a three-horse race. This is because aside the power of incumbency which Ikpeazu’s PDP will obviously enjoy, the governor would be contesting against APGA’s Otti and APC’s Ogah, two influential politicians whose parties have also improved significantly in Abia.

    The issue therefore is to see how far Ikpeazu would be able to utilize his power of incumbency given that, unlike what has been happening in Abia, his party, the PDP, may not get any undue support from the Federal Government agencies to win the election. However, against great odds, we report that, PDP is likely to win the governorship election primarily because of the incumbency factor otherwise, APGA’s Otti stands a better chance, going by the level of love and support he enjoys across the length and breadth of the state.

    Also, considering the victory it recorded in Orji Uzor Kalu’s Abia North Senatorial District, APC seems set to with many House of Assembly seats from the district and from Ohuhu area of Abia Central and some Abia South Senatorial area, Governor Okezie Ikpeazu area. This shows that even if PDP succeeds in winning the governorship, the next Abia State House of Assembly will no longer be an all PDP affair.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    IMO STATE

    This week’s suspension of Governor Rochas Okorocha from the ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) and the results of the Presidential and National Assembly Elections in Imo State, have further shown that the power game between Okorocha and his estranged former political associates in APC in Imo is poised to shape how the people will vote in the state.

    As the only Southeast state currently under the leadership of an All Progressives Congress-led government, one would have expected the ruling party, to win the governorship election with ease. But following the intricate power struggle amongst its leaders, there is the fear that except the current leaders of the party works harder, APC may even lose this governorship race.

    Sources blamed this possibility on the sustained criticism of the leadership style of Governor Rochas Okorocha, a development that was worsened by the fallout of the governorship primaries’ disagreements which led to a major division between Okorocha and the leadership of the ruling party, APC, over the choice of the governorship candidate. While Okorocha had pushed for Uche Nwosu as the party’s candidate, the party finally chose Senator Hope Uzodinma with the Deputy Governor, Prince Eze Madumere, as his running mate.

    For APC, the implication of this development is that going into the governorship race as a divided political family, may prove to be a major disadvantage. Until this week’s suspension of Okorocha, the outgoing governor has remained a member of the party, flying one of its three senatorial flags, notwithstanding the fact that he was already working against the governorship candidate of the party. Many observers, including APC’s governorship candidate, Senator Hope Uzodinma, had cried out that this awkward situation may affect the party negatively. Ironically, the party did not do anything to the development until this week when it suspended the governor less than two weeks to the crucial election.

    Besides the fact that Okorocha, as the incumbent governor, will now most likely give all his support to Uche Nwosu of Action Alliance (AA), it remains to be seen how APC leadership in the state would be able to manage this delicate situation before this week’s Saturday in order to retain the state without Okorocha.

    Incidentally, the uncertainty is not limited to APC. The other leading party, the PDP, can no longer be described as being very strong in Imo as it was in 2015. However, PDP’s governorship candidate, former Deputy Speaker of House of Representatives, Hon. Emeka Ihedioha, seems to enjoy the highest popularity ratio than any of the other candidates. For him, therefore, he stands a good chance of reaping from the APC power crisis, all things being equal.

    More than what happened during the Presidential and NASS Elections, APC and PDP would have to fight hard to win the governorship election.

    Notwithstanding the sentiment that Uche Nwosu, the candidate of Action Alliance, was foisted on the people by outgoing governor Okorocha, the youthful candidate is another important candidate to watch in this election. But insiders said many voters, meaning to get at Okorocha are likely to vote against him in the election. It remains however to see how far this likely reaction will affect his performance in the election. His campaign was probably the most financed and therefore very deep into the grassroots.

    Verdict: Battleground

     

    EBONYI STATE

    Ebonyi State has remained a PDP state since 1999 and there is no definitive factor that suggests there would be a change in this year’s governorship election. During last week’s Presidential and NASS elections, the party won easily in the state as PDP garnered 258,573 votes while APC’s candidate got only 90,726 votes.

    Before the presidential election, there were speculations that Governor Dave Umahi, who has some personal family relationship with APC’s President Muhammadu Buhari, may work against his party’s candidate, Atiku, in favour of Buhari. That did not happen, a confirmation that PDP in Ebonyi State remains united and strong.

    It would be recalled that out of the 363,888 valid votes cast in the state in 2015, PDP, in collaboration with APGA, harvested a whopping 323,653 votes, leaving only 19,518 for APC, which came second.

    Following the clarification mid last year that the argument over positions between old members and new members did not succeed in dividing the party in the state, it seems Governor Dave Umahi, will be contesting on a united platform with added advantage of incumbency factor.

    Besides, investigation confirms that most of the people in Ebonyi are happy with the performance of Umahi, who one of them, Nkama Oka, described as “a true engineer, opening up the hinterlands.”

    This apart, there is the feeling that PDP stands a great chance because APC in the state may not have improved so much as to expect any tangible difference in its 2015 performance. It would be recalled that although it came second in 2015, the party, led in the state by Dr. Ogbonnaya Onu, the Minister of Science and Technology, got only19, 518 votes.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    SOUTH-SOUTH ZONE

     

    RIVERS STATE

    Next Saturday’s governorship and State Assembly election in Rivers State is a walk in the park for the PDP as it will be contesting in a one sided election that will not be featuring its main rival, the APC. The opposition party has been kept out of the race by a Supreme Court judgement that confirmed INEC’s position that it failed to conduct acceptable primary election within the stipulated time.

    To further smoothen the journey to re-election for Governor Nyesom Wike and his party, a Federal High Court sitting in Port Harcourt and presided over by Justice E.A. Obile, has sacked the governorship candidate for Accord Party, Chief Dumo Lulu-Briggs. Briggs, observers say, has been seen as the only candidate remaining in the race that can put up some challenge, albeit minute, to the PDP.

    He was sacked on the grounds that he was not the authentic candidate for the party. Dumo Lulu-Briggs was therefore replaced with Mr. Precious Baridoo, who was said to have won the governorship ticket of the party at the party’s primary elections. Justice Obile in his judgement said that as at the time of the party’s primaries, Lulu- Briggs was still a chieftain of the APC.

    Rivers State, which started out in 1999 as a PDP state became a major APC state under the then governor Rotimi Amaechi who governed it for eight years. However, Amaechi’s erstwhile political godson, Nyesom Wike’s emergence as the state governor, on the ticket of PDP, not only returned the state to PDP but marked the beginning of an intriguing political rivalry that has held the breathe of Nigerians.

    Largely because Amaechi, the current Minister of Transportation is also the Director-General of Muhammadu Buhari’s Presidential re-election campaign, the expectation, until the court nailed APC in the state, was high that he ought to ensure APC’s victory during the general election. Both because of the high offices he currently occupies and the fact that it has become a personal battle between him and his former ally, Wike.

    Ironically, the same pressure was on Wike to deliver Rivers to PDP. It would be recalled that Wike enjoyed unalloyed support of the former first family, the Jonathans, when he contested for the office of the governor of the state against the endorsement of Amaechi. The 2019 elections would have been an opportunity for Wike and Amaechi to test their political strength again, but the Supreme Court foiled that. As it stands, PDP is set to claim the state once again.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    DELTA STATE

    True to many predictions, Delta State voted for the PDP and its candidates during the Presidential and National Assembly elections. But for Senator Omo-Agege and a handful of House of Representatives candidates who won for the APC, it would have been an all PDP affair. The state has remained a PDP state since 1999. Given that the party has continued to grow under the leadership of Governor Arthur Ifeanyi Okowa, there is likelihood that it would still win this year’s governorship election.

    It would be recalled that out of the 1,267,773 valid votes cast in the state during the 2015 presidential election, PDP got 1,211,405 votes, while APC got 48,910 votes. Looking at this figure, one would ordinarily write off any party contesting with the ruling party, PDP, in Delta. And last week, the party won in 23 local government areas out of 25 in the state in the presidential race.

    Overall, the PDP polled 594,068 votes across the 25 local government, while All Progressives Congress scored 221,292 votes. PDP won the election in Aniocha South, Aniocha North, Oshimili South, Oshimili North, Ika South, Ika North-East, Burutu, Sapele, Ughelli South, Okpe, Warri South, Warri South West, Warri North and Udu. The other areas where the PDP also won are Ethiope West, Bomadi, Uvwie, Isoko North, Isoko South, Ndokwa East, Ndokwa West, Burutu and Patani.

    The APC, he said, won in Ethiope East and Ughelli North. Before now, so much happened in the politics of the state, especially within the opposition APC, that made observers believe the APC may spring surprises. But not even the defection of the former governor of the state, Dr. Emmanuel Uduaghan, to APC last year, then considered a major plus for the party, could wrought much magic. Uduaghan lost his senatorial bid.

    Also, the disagreement in the APC during the run-up to the primaries may still affect the performance of the party in the forthcoming election. It would be recalled that the faction led by Prophet Jones Erue and loyal to Senator Ovie Omo-Agege and Chief Great Ogboru had openly opposed direct primaries while the other APC faction in the state loyal to Olorogun Otega Emerhor and Chief Hyacinth Enuha threw its weight behind the state and presidential direct primaries in the state.

    It is also clear that apart from influential politicians like Okowa, Uduaghan, Great Ogboru, Omo-Agege and Otega Emerhor, the other top politicians that will influence the result of the election in the state include traditional political leaders in the state like former governor James Ibori and many big-wigs within his political family. Many of these, observers say, are sympathetic to the ruling PDP.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    CROSS RIVER STATE

    In Cross River State, the PDP looks good to repeat its 2015 landslide victory in the state in spite of some improvement in the visibility of the opposition APC after the last general election. This, pundits said, is due to two major reasons. First, the APC is currently divided into two factions that even produced two governorship aspirants, namely Usani Usani Uguru (a serving Minister) and John Enoh.

    The two factions have failed to reach a peaceful accord in spite of several efforts by party leaders like ex-Governor Clement Ebri and Chief Edem Duke, as well as the national leadership of the party. Instead, the party remained fictionalised and analysts insist this is hurting its chances at the ongoing general elections. This was obvious with the result of the Presidential and National Assembly polls. No doubt, the forthcoming election will be affected by this too.

    Secondly, Governor Ben Ayade and his predecessor, Liyel Imoke, appear to still have their firm grips on the politics of the state. The harmonious relationship between the duo, in spite of insinuations that they have fallen apart, helped the ruling PDP to wax stronger after the last election. Across the state, the governor is also adjudged as having done well. So, PDP looks good to get the votes.

    Had the crisis within the APC been resolved long enough before the guber polls, the party may have fared better than it will do now that it still remains divided. But even at that, it is doubtful if that would have helped it to upstage the ruling PDP. At best, the APC may again come a distant second in the state in the next election.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    AKWA IBOM STATE

    The outcome of the contest between Buhari and Atiku has changed the permutations of many observers of the politics of the state. Not a few had thought the APC will put up a strong fight for votes in Akwa Ibom state largely on the strength of the defection of former Governor Godswill Akpabio from the PDP to the APC. But the result of the presidential election proved otherwise. To further prove many pundits wrong, Akpabio lost his re-election bid in the senatorial race.

    Thus, the political narrative in the state has been changed as we go into the next election which is more local in context. The APC will be going into the election as the underdog while the PDP, having confirmed its strong hold on the politics of the state, will be enjoying rave review from observers. No doubt, Akpabio’s loss will also have a devastating effect on the morale of APC’s foot-soldiers across the state and this can affect the party’s performance at the polls.

    The PDP looks good to claim this state in the governorship and State Assembly Elections, but it is still possible for the APC to put up a good fight in some parts of the state. The political division between Akpabio and Governor Udom Gabriel Emmanuel will still play out in Saturday’s elections. It is very likely that APC will clinch some seats, especially in Akpabio’s senatorial district of Akwa-Ibom Northwest.

    Not minding Akpabio’s unexpected defeat, the APC will be relying on the former governor’s political machinery across the state, aided by the political influence of other APC chieftains like Umanah Umanah, Nsima Ekere (a former deputy governor), John Akpan Udoedehe, Don Etiebet, Ime Umana, Group Capt. Sam Ewang (Rtd), among others, to remedy its previous unpleasant outing.

    According to very reliable political permutations, the APC will still contest for the votes of the people of Akwa-Ibom South Senatorial District pretty well. Both Governor Udom Emmanuel and Nsima Ekere, the APC candidate, hail from there. The people will obviously be divided in their choice.  Although Akon Eyakenyi of PDP polled 122,412 votes, to defeat Senator Nelson Effiong of APC who polled 44,053 votes in the senatorial race, pundits say the opposition party can still pull strings on Saturday.

    It was also gathered that the desire of the people to take advantage of an opportunity for their zone to enjoy the governorship slot much longer, provided by the candidacy of Ekere, may somehow work in favour of the APC. “There are talks that voting Ekere may give Eket the chance to spend 12 years instead of eight years in office as governor. If this informs the people’s voting behavior on Election Day, PDP may be in trouble in Governor Emmanuel’s own backyard,” an analyst said.

    For Governor Emmanuel and the PDP, pundits say their major strength lies in the power of incumbency and the ability to showcase the achievements of the current administration to the people of the state. Not a few have claimed the victory of the PDP in the state during the Presidential and National Assembly polls is informed by the people’s satisfaction with the current administration. This will surely work in favour of the party again next weekend.

    Governor Emmanuel and his party say they have met the yearnings of the people. But the APC in the state insists that with N6.85 billion annual Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) and N143. 6 billion from the Federation Account, not forgetting extra-statutory intervention funds like Ecological funds, Paris Club Loan refunds, etc., the current administration in the state has not done much to better the lot of the people.

    Akwa Ibom has 31 local government areas. While Eket, where both Emmanuel and Ekere hail from, has 12 local government areas, Akpabio’s Ikot Ekpene boasts of 10 council areas. The remaining nine are found in Uyo District where former Governor Victor Attah and Umanah hail from. At the last count, there are 1,837, 767 registered voters in the three senatorial districts of the state.

    The Northeastern Senatorial District is one place where both APC and PDP should slug it out. With Umanah supporting Ekere, and Uyo being the seat of government and Emmanuel having many of his people resident there. While Umanah’s popularity in Uyo will aid APC, PDP should benefit from the votes of government functionaries and their people.

    Obong Bassey Albert Akpan of the PDP has emerged the winner of the 2019 Senatorial race with 147,731 votes to beat his opponent Bassey Etim of the APC, who scored 60,930.

    All in all, the PDP appears the most favored to win the governorship seat and majority of the state assembly seats in the state on Saturday, while the APC may have to make do with a few assembly seats.

    Verdict: PDP

     

    SOUTHWEST ZONE

     

    OGUN STATE

    Though the APC won the presidential election in Ogun State with 281, 762 votes to PDP’s 194, 655 and also pocketed the three senatorial seats in the state, pundits insist it is not comfortable to say the ruling party will retain the governorship seat of the state easily.

    Largely responsible for this is the internal crisis within the party that has seen Governor Ibikunle Amosun throwing his weight behind Adekunle Akinlade of the Allied Peoples Movement (APM) as his preferred governorship candidate.

    Aside the above, the contest on Saturday will certainly not be a straight forward one. Unlike in the past when the state’s unwritten political zoning agreement played a role in determining the emergence of the candidates of the leading parties, powerful political gladiators from all the four zones of the state are now locking horns in the contest that will determine who succeeds outgoing governor Amosun.

    On the candidates’ list released by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), oil magnate, Dapo Abiodun from Iperu in the Remo axis of Ogun East, is the candidate of the All Progressives Congress (APC) while Senator Buruji Kashamu, representing Ogun East Senatorial District in the National Assembly is the flag-bearer of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).

    Also on the list of candidates released by INEC are, Egba-born former Speaker of House of Representatives, Dimeji Bankole as flag bearer of the Action Democratic Party (ADP) and a two-time governorship candidate, Gboyega Nasiru Isiaka, who now flies the ticket of the African Democratic Congress (ADC). Isiaka, who is from Yewa in Ogun West, was the candidate of the PDP in 2015. Adekunle Akinlade of the Allied Peoples Movement (APM) is also in the race from Yewaland.

    With the above scenario, the 2019 governorship in Ogun State is playing out as a war zone, as all the four zones in the state are now having at least one major candidate in the race. This is contrary to the desire of Governor Amosun and other notable political leaders in the state, including former President Olusegun Obasanjo, to restrict the race to a contest between candidates from the Yewa axis of the state.

    The Ogun West Senatorial District is yet to produce a governor since 1976 when the state was created, and Amosun was determined to break the jinx. He campaigned vigorously for the ticket of the APC to be zoned to the area and he almost achieved that before the party’s NWC overruled his consensus arrangement and ordered a direct primary election which Dapo Abiodun, from Remoland, a zone in Ogun East Senatorial District, won.

    The PDP from day one never zoned the governorship ticket to Ogun West. Both factions of the party in the state seem to have their eyes on producing a candidate from Ogun East too, as no serious contender emerged from Ogun West and Central all through the process leading to the primary elections of the Adebutu and Kashamu factions of the PDP.

    Like Abiodun, Kashamu is from Ogun East and currently represents the district at the National Assembly. But he is from Ijebuland, another zone in the area which has also been clamoring to be given a chance to produce the governor of the state, 36 years after the late Bisi Onabanjo, its only son to have been governor of the state, left office. His supporters say Abiodun from Remo cannot be governor just eight years after Gbenga Daniel, another Remo man, left office.

    From Ogun Central, made up of the Egbas, former Speaker Dimeji Bankole is in the race. He is unperturbed by the fact that outgoing governor Amosun is from the same zone as himself. He says zoning should not rob the state of the best hands for the job. The congress that produced him took place in all the 20 Local Government Areas and 236 wards in the state, according to the Returning Officer for the primary election, Mr. Chamberlain Amadu.

    Not to be left out, the Yewas of Ogun West, preferred by Amosun and other opinion leaders to have the seat, have Isiaka in the race, but on the platform of little known ADC, having failed to bag the ticket of any of the two leading political parties. Akinlade, the preferred candidate of Governor Amosun, had defected from the ruling APC to the APM, to keep the Yewa agenda alive.

    Examining the voting populations of the various zones, analysts say if the people of the four autonomous clans decide to vote along tribal lines, the contest may not be decided on the first ballot. “And it is most likely the electorates will put tribal consideration on the front burner on Election Day, given the acrimonious and sectional campaign currently going on,” Joju Daini of Voters Right Agenda (VRA), told The Nation.

    “Ogun East with nine local government areas lost the chance of having an edge over the other two zones following the emergence of candidates from the two zones in the area. So, its majority population will be shared by its two sons, Abiodun and Kashamu of APC and PDP respectively. They are however helped by the fact that they are candidates of the two leading political parties.

    “Ogun Central with five local governments has only Dimeji Bankole in the race. But he will be contending with the popularity of both APC and PDP in his zone. While he is expected to enjoy the solidarity of his people, the unpopular nature of his party, the ADP in the state, will rob him of a landslide win in the Egbaland. No doubt, he will share the lot with the candidates of widely known APC and PDP.

    “The same will be the fate of Isiaka in Ogun West. He will benefit immensely from the clamor of his people for the governorship but ADC as a party is the major challenge to his victory in the race. Chieftains of the ruling APC, which is quite strong in the area, has refused to endorse his candidacy contrary to expectations in the zone. Instead, Akinlade, Amosun’s preferred candidate, has joined the APM as its governorship candidate,” Daini analyzed.

    But some pundits say this is convenient to say though the contest will be keen, the APC will win the election at the end of the day. They based their position on the weakened position of the PDP, the main opposition party and the inability of Governor Amosun and his political camp to openly canvass votes for Akinlade of the APM. “To add to this is the Osinbajo factor. Although based in Lagos, the Vice President hails from Ikenne-Remo in the Eastern Senatorial District of the state. It is expected that his kinsmen from Remoland and other parts of the state will because of him, support and vote for the APC candidates in the general election.

    Fresh developments during the week also weakened the ADC and strengthened the APC ahead of weekend’s elections. A senatorial candidate of the ADC in the State, Deji Ashiru, and his supporters reportedly dumped the party to support the governorship candidate of the APC, Dapo Abiodun. Reports also indicated that the ADC Ogun Central Senatorial candidate, Titi Oseni Gomez, has moved into the Dapo Abiodun camp.

    Reliable ADC sources told The Nation that the two senatorial candidates, who were defeated in the senatorial election by the APC, planned to work for Abiodun, as political parties and candidates forge alliances ahead of the March 9 governorship election. They probably believe Abiodun has a brighter chance to win the elections. While Ashiru had confirmed his defection, Gomez was yet to respond to enquiries sent to her as at press time.

    Also, in spite of the unusual political ripples, APC evidently enjoys appreciable support across the state. The Federal Government’s attention to major roads in the state, including the Sagamu-Ikorodu road and Lagos-Ibadan Expressway is also swaying support for the party across the state. Also, Buhari’s decision to immortalise the late Chief MKO Abiola, an indigene of Ogun, by declaring June 12 as the nation’s Democracy Day, remains a political move well aimed.

    It has endeared the party to the elites in the state and it is expected to help garner some votes across the state for APC. Similarly, numerous artisans and traders across the state who benefitted from the Tradermoni scheme are supporting the candidates of the ruling party just as many youths now enjoying under the N-Power employment scheme in the state, are poised to reward the APC. It is for these reasons that analysts concluded that though the election will be dramatic, the APC may still win.

    Verdict: Battleground

     

    LAGOS STATE

    Although the APC in Lagos State retained its political hold on the state by winning all the three senate seats and garnering almost all the House of Representatives seats in the state, pundits say the party must be wary as the governorship election approach if it intends to stop the desire of the opposition PDP to invade the state politically. The result of the presidential contest in the state, to many, is a further confirmation that the PDP is waxing stronger in the state.

    The APC got 580, 825 votes while the PDP garnered 448, 015 votes in the presidential contest and pundits say the PDP has greatly reduced the margin when compared to 2015 when it similarly trailed the ruling party in the presidential contest. Also, the obvious reduction in the number of votes recorded by APC in Lagos, from 792, 460 in 2015 to a 580, 825 last Saturday is a source of worry to supporters of the party in the state.

    And considering the threat to “take over Lagos” by the opposition PDP, it is no longer very convenient to predict that APC will easily win the governorship election. Pundits are even of the opinion that unless the ruling party up its game before the next election in the state, the opposition PDP will perform better than it did in 2015 when it gave the ruling APC a good fight in all the elections. APC scored 811,994 to defeat the PDP which had 659,788 in the governorship race back then.

    “APC must wake up and shake off this complacency with which they seem to be approaching this year’s general election. The PDP has again put up a good fight like it did in 2015. The APC must go all out to reconnect with the people of Lagos. APC is still the party to beat in Lagos but the party must take drastic political steps to ward off the threat constantly being posed by the opposition party,” an analyst warned.

    Although the PDP and its candidates, encouraged by the outcome of the presidential election, are working hard to garner votes for the party, the personality of Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, National Leader of the APC, still looms large across the state. He is one of the factors expected to work in favour of the APC next Saturday. Party sources said Tinubu has instructed that chieftains and members of the party in the state must go all out to win more votes for the APC.

    Analysts have also warned that it will be foolhardy for the PDP to conclude that the people of the state will vote in the governorship and State Assembly elections the same way they voted in the presidential election. “All politics are local. Many Lagosians voted against Buhari and not the APC. Many of them will be voting for Jide Sanwoolu, the APC guber candidate. So the two contests should be approached differently,” an observer said.

    To the party’s advantage is the fact that chieftains like Chief Mrs. Remi Adiukwu, Senator Musiliu Obanikoro, and its then state chairman, Moshood Salvador, are now in the APC. Many PDP bigwigs, including Chief Bode George, though still in the opposition party, are on a self-imposed political holidays, leaving the party without a known leader in the state.

    The PDP has also lost many of the areas it garnered votes to the APC following the defection of almost all the state and federal lawmakers that won on its platform into the APC. Thus, erstwhile strongholds of the PDP like Oshodi-Isolo, Ajeromi-Ifelodun, Ojo, Badagry and Amuwo-Odofin are now brimming with APC chieftains ready to get the votes for the ruling party.

    Also, the APC ticket will benefit from the acceptance being enjoyed in the state by Vice President Yemi Osinbajo. The choice of Osinbajo has been a hit across the Southwest and this is expected to translate into votes on Election Day for the APC. In spite of the criticisms trailing some of Governor Akinwunmi Ambode’s policies and projects, observers say the APC government in the state has performed enough to keep the voters trusting its candidates.

    However, as usual, the PDP is putting up a good fight in the state largely by targeting the votes of non-indigenes across the state. Jimi Agbaje, the party’s governorship flag-bearer, has also been promising non-indigenes better deals under a PDP administration in the state. During the week, the two parties intensified their mobilisation efforts across the state.

    But the ruling APC still look good to sweep victory as usual. Analysts say the reality on ground does not support PDP’s quest for political control of the Southwest state in spite of its unexpected performance last week. All things being equal, the APC should get majority of the total votes cast in the governorship election and also win most of the assembly seats in the state.

    Verdict: APC

     

    OYO STATE

    APC won the Presidential election in Oyo during the last presidential election when President Buhari squared up against former President Jonathan. APC scored 528, 620 while PDP got 303, 376. The state used to be the stronghold of the opposition PDP until recently. But before last weekend’s presidential election, majority of those chieftains who made the PDP thick in the state have jumped ship or gone into political oblivion, leaving the party in assumed limbo.

    The likes of former governors Rashidi Ladoja and Adebayo Alao-Akala are no longer with the party. While Ladoja now leads the Zenith Labour Party (ZLP) in the state, Alao-Akala is the gubernatorial candidate of the Action Democratic Party (ADP). Both leaders have also lost some of their chieftains to the ruling APC in recent times, especially Alao-Akala, who joined the APC briefly after dumping the PDP.

    Other erstwhile PDP top guns like former Senate Leader, Senator Teslim Folarin and former Secretary to the State Government, Chief Ayodele Adigun are now in the APC working for the success of its candidates. Observers of the politics of the state had said PDP in Oyo state was a ghost of its glorious past and cannot put up any serious challenge to the victory of the ruling APC in the general election.

    After a serious threat to its peace by a disagreement between Governor Abiola Ajimobi and Communications Minister, Barrister Adebayo Shitu, the APC in Oyo appeared to had repositioned itself to rout the opposition in all the elections. Buhari was expected to win the highest number of votes in the presidential election in Oyo state on the strength of the popularity of his party in the state.

    But all the above permutations were put to nought by the shocking outcome of the presidential and national assembly elections in the state. The APC lost the state gallantly to the PDP in what many observers are still calling a surprise performance by the underrated opposition PDP. Even Governor Ajimobi, who had boasted that his party will trounced the opposition across the state, lost his senatorial bid.

    Former Vice President of Nigeria and candidate of the PDP, Alhaji Atiku Abubakar, won the Presidential election held across the 33 Local Government areas in Oyo state. The PDP candidate won in 18 Local Government areas while Buhari of the APC won in 15. The final result showed that Atiku Abubakar scored 366,640 to defeat Buhari who scored 365,229 votes.

    While many are putting the shocking defeat at the feet of the intra party crises that saw the likes of Alao-Akala moving out after the primary election, others are quick to blame Governor Ajimobi for the defeat. They argued that by taking on powerful individuals and groups like the Olubadan of Ibadan and other elites within the capital city, the governor costed APC its expected support from the Ibadans, who are in the majority across the state.

    To further add to APC’s problems, major opposition parties in the state are now holding alliance talks ahead of Saturday’s governorship election. Gubernatorial candidate of the PDP in the state, Seyi Makinde, disclosed that opposition parties in the state are currently meeting and have agreed to make their ambitions secondary. He assured that the alliance will bring something good for the people of the state.

    The PDP candidate, while confirming that opposition parties were ready to dislodge the APC, maintained that all the opposition parties have to come together for them to achieve the aim of unsitting the ruling party. He said, “We are working really hard to ensure that a workable coalition is able to come forward to challenge the APC in Oyo. “And I believe for the forthcoming election, we’re going to see a grand alliance in Oyo State,” he assured.

    It was also confirmed that the ruling party too, recovering from its shocking defeat by the PDP in the presidential and national assembly races, is now seeking alliance with some other parties. The Nation learnt that a serious discussion is currently ongoing between Alao-Akala’s ADP and the APC in the state. This, however, is as the ADP is also in talks with PDP and other parties.

    It was also gathered that the offer of alliances to ADP from the two leading parties, APC and PDP, became a source of disagreement among Alao-Akala’s supporters as the party sought to take a decision ahead of the governorship polls. Some of the allies of the former governor were of the opinion that any alignment with the APC amount to Alao Akala going back to his own vomit. They saw an alliance with the PDP as the best for ADP to teach Ajimobi and the APC a big lesson.

    But many others felt the politically upright thing to do is to support an alignment with the APC. Those in this school of thought held that Alao-Akala and his supporters would benefit a lot more from joining the ruling party instead of the PDP because the APC is the party at the centre. Meanwhile, there are those who wanted Alao-Akala to shun all talks of alliance and go all the way to contest the governorship election because they felt he looked good to win the contest ahead of both APC and PDP.

    However, with the Ogbomosho axis of the state firmly in the grip of Alao-Akala and his men, his latest decision to work with the APC during the gubernatorial and state assembly elections will have a major impact on the eventual outcome of the election. He gave indications that he may be returning to APC after meeting with the national leader of the party, Asiwaju Bola Tinubu.

    The ADP governorship candidate visited Tinubu in the company of his wife, Oluwakemi Alao-Akala; his son, Olamiju and the Director General of his campaign, Wale Ohu, at Bourdillon on Thursday. The former governor had asked to be given time to make a formal statement on the meeting with the APC national leader. “It is true. Both of us have been meeting and we will continue to meet. I will call you in 24 hours to let you know the state of things,” he said.

    On Friday, in a statement by the Director General, Akala Campaign Organization, Chief Wale Ohu, Alao-Akala said going by the results of the February 23 presidential and National Assembly election, not much can be achieved in isolation. “We have felt the pulse of the people whose support has brought us this far: it is important that we dance when they play the tunes.To this effect, the Oyo state ADP and the Akala Campaign Organisation hereby call on all our members, teeming supporters and well-wishers across the state to come on board in this move towards positioning our state for better national interest,” he said.

    Coming on day when the former governor shunned the ongoing alliance meeting of opposition parties in the state on Friday, many observers have concluded that Alao-Akala’s new port of call is the APC, his former party. While governorship candidates of other parties attended the meeting at Sen. Rashidi Ladoja’s Bodija, Ibadan home, Akala, who was the brain behind the alliance, was absent. Similarly, a chieftain of the ADC in the state, Chief Michael Koleosho, has reportedly joined the APC team. Koleosho’s coming is expected to boost APC’s chances in his native Saki and other Oke-Ogun towns.

    Meanwhile, The Nation gathered that alliance talks and meetings among the political parties are still ongoing across the state even as the national leaderships of both the APC and the PDP may have intervened into efforts to get other parties into their kitty. With all the going-on in the politics of the state ahead of next Saturday’s gubernatorial elections, the eventual outcome of the election in Oyo state still remains too close to call.

    Verdict: Battleground

  • Open Hands : A tool to unlock human empathy

    The essence of a good life is to live a life of impact. If there is anything most philanthropist and inventors from the inception of time have in common, it is the urge to not only make the world a better place but also leave an indelible mark in the footprints of time.
    So many humans have come and gone with their activities affecting generations and even shaping generations to come. Some are lucky enough to witness the impact of their activity in their lifetime, while others after crossing to the great beyond have to watch from the stars to see how their efforts at developing the society pans out. There is a saying “You can not help everyone every time, but everyone can help someone at a time”.
    The significance of this statement is that irrespective of how caring and empathizing a person is, he can only do so much. However, where such an individual’s effort is synergized with that of another person who shares his/her beliefs, their efforts might eventually make the world a better place for all.
    It is this shared belief that led to the creation of Open Hands (a Tech nonprofit) organization. The belief shared by two individuals was built around the necessity of providing succor to those who need the most with emphasis on the exact time they need it. The founders Joshua Omisore (a Tech entrepreneur with perfect S.A.T scores) and Noel Berry decided to create an organization hinged on the superior power of the technological age to create an avenue where demands for succor was met with speed and efficiency. This is what gave birth to Open Hands Tech. Almost all beings (Humans) on Earth at one time or the other seek to do good, affect the lives of others (especially those in need) and put a smile on someone’s face.
    However, one problem facing the actualization of this craving is the inability to effectively set the needy apart. This trend of disadvantaging others by posing as a person in need has created a dearth in efforts aimed at providing help to those who truly need it. Notwithstanding, the emergence of Open Hands initiative will put an end to the scourge of posers and create better chances at ameliorating pain and need amongst those who truly need it.
    By utilizing recent advancements in technology (i.e. Artificial Intelligence), Open Hands has created an application on cellphones whereby persons in need and facing whatsoever form of life-threatening challenge can send texts, and get an instant interactive reply of where such a person could find temporary housing, food, affordable health care, and drug treatment nearby from organizations and individuals ready to help. With this approach to tackling socio-developmental challenges, Open Hands seeks to provide an avenue where people in need can get help by real time interaction with aid and relief workers within their vicinity.
    With this tool at the disposal of persons in need, gone are the days when resources are underutilized and abused, as the tool created by Open Hands Tech helps relief organizations to streamline aid activities to areas where they are more needed. Furthermore, with the coming of this organization, accountability will be entrenched in the world of providing relief as efforts aimed at providing reliefs can be easily tracked and appraised in order to determine how effective it was, delineate what was done and also evaluate how best to tackle future situations of emergencies. With the emergence of Open Hands tech, humans can fully exhibit the empathetic side of them without restraint.
    The success of this organization within the short space of time it was founded transcends the very fabric of human empathy as more individuals and organizations are coming onboard, seeking to lend a hand where needed in order to make life better for other individuals.
    A project of this size with an effect of this magnitude definitely needs a lot of resources so as to efficiently run its program. Its however worthy of note that the organization is self-funded. But like the saying, failure is an orphan and success a child to many parents, the efforts and aim of Open Hands hasn’t gone unnoticed as reputable organizations have pledged their support to it at different times since its inception. Some of them are; Goldman Sachs, Rakuten (the sponsor of Barcelona FC where Messi plies his trade), and also a Billion-dollar automobile dealership company in America amongst a host of others have over time identified with this beautiful initiative.
    For an initiative like this to achieve its full potential, partnerships with other organizations have been embarked upon with over 100 organizations in the bag. Although, all these things point to an already successful initiative, there is still more work to be done. Therefore, Open Hands is open to as many more organizations that provide services that benefit the less privileged and individuals that would like to be a part of something revolutionary.
    The journey of a thousand miles starts with a step in that direction and with the Open Hands platform, the journey of providing help to those in need just got easier and faster. With the full support of everyone, persons dying and suffering from socio-developmental catastrophes would not only be evaded, it would be eradicated shelving them in the library of the past. The reach of this platform transcends the fabric of statehood and renders the world of aid providing accessible to all leveling the field of play and making it a place where all and sundry can participate.
  • Agonies of Nigerian women trafficked to Saudi Arabia

    Precious Igbonwelundu recently met with girls who were lured abroad with promises of El Dorado, now back with hopes shattered, they tell their harrowing stories.

    When Peace Chima, 25, was shipped to Saudi Arabia in March, she never knew the life that awaited her. She was told by a supposed agent, Deborah Adejumo, that she would have a better life in the Arab country, where she’s supposed to work as house maid for about five hours daily and then have the rest of the day to herself.

    It was until she arrived in Saudi Arabia that it dawned on her she was trafficked to become a domestic slave for her Arabian masters, who, she later understood, footed her travel expenses by paying $5,000 to the agent.

    With that amount paid the trafficker and the monthly salaries she receives from her masters, Chima has been reduced to a slave to the point that she was beaten with wire connected to electric vibrator for quarrelling with her boss’ 20-year-old daughter who allegedly stole her money.

    Hell has no other name

    Like Chima, Onyinye U, Favour T, Mercy A, Ruth D, Chinonso A, Serena J, Tracy Morgan, Lydia I, Blessing John, Peace C, Motunrayo A and Monsurat O are currently experiencing ‘hell’ in the hands of their various masters, with a lot of them subjected to sexual abuse.

    Several complaints to Madam Adejumo who took them to that country had been met with threats of arrest, harassments with their international passports seized.

    Already, Tracy Morgan is said to have gone missing after allegedly being sexually abused by her masters. Another victim Motunrayo, it was gathered, was sent to another family three weeks into her serving her master because she complained of sexual harassment.

    The women, who are crying out to the federal government to bring them back home, said they have been subjected to various dehumanising treatments and worst still, the agents were ripping them off their wages.

    In a chat with The Nation, Chima said all complaints to the agent fell on deaf ears, adding that their passports were seized at the point of entry into the country.

    When she couldn’t take the suffering anymore she told her master she was quitting but she was threatened with arrest and accused of theft, an offence that could attract death sentence for her.

    She said: “What we are going through here is unbelievable. We are referred to as Kadama, that’s slaves. I have complained to the agent several times but she does not care. She is only interested in the money she makes off us.

    “Some of us are facing sexual harassment with their madam’s son and husband. Some are missing now. I also have some friends who are working here but with different company and facing the same thing.

    “Some have fled the homes they were posted to and are on the streets trying to survive without their passports. That is dangerous but they do not have another option.

    “Right now, Tracy is missing and her sister, who is also in Saudi Arabia, has not been able to locate her. She reported to the agent in Nigeria and nothing has been done about it. We cannot say if she’s alive or not.”

    The victim, who is currently having a running battle with her trafficker for refusing to pay her $750 each month for eight months, said she paid the first four months until she realised that their masters had paid $5,000 before they were brought in.

    “My employer paid her $5,000 for our documents and flight but she told us back in Nigeria that she was footing the bills and that we will pay her our salaries for eight months to cover the expenses.

    “I used to pay her the money until one day I got tired and said I wanted to go but was told by my master that they paid the agent $5,000 to bring me. Can you imagine that kind of wickedness? The money was collected upfront and she was still collecting our monthly salaries not minding the demeaning treatments were are subjected to here.

    “Since I knew about it, I have refused to give her any kobo. Let her do her worst. I am just tired of all the suffering. Imagine that my boss’ daughter stole my money and I caught her. We started arguing over it and her mother put electric on my body for quarrelling with her daughter. Yes, they plugged me to electric and I was shaking. They flogged me too.

    “They use us like animals here. That wicked woman told me in Nigeria that I was coming to do housemaid job and that we will be three to five maids in a house, with each doing specific jobs. She said once I was done with my work, I can go and do other things with my time but all those turned out to be false.

    “I work round the clock. There are days I do not sleep and I do not have right to complain when I am tired. I have been working with a family of 16. They have 20 rooms en-suite. The visitor’s room is like three rooms in one and the parlour like five.

    “Sometimes I cook more than six times a day and most times I do not share of the meal; I clean all these rooms and toilets daily, wash clothes. I go to bed by 3am and wake up by 5am. These people do not care whether I am well or not. They do not care if I eat or not. All they want is to get their job done.

    “The agent told me that once we arrived Saudi Arabia, our employer will provide everything we need like clothes, food, cream, soap, shoes, room, medicine and freedom.

    “I have being the one buying my personal needs including the slave uniform which we wear here as maids. Most times, I am not allowed to eat food despite the fact that I cook between three to six times a day. I work from morning till the next morning without food. When I am sick and tell them, they say it is none of their business because they have paid for me,” she said.

    Explaining her face-off with Adejumo, Chima said some of the trafficked women even paid the agent over N500,000 back in Nigeria, adding that she was still taxing those ones.

    “Myself and my friends have resolved to pay her no kobo even if we are killed. What kind of exploitation is this? Every month the woman ships people to Saudi Arabia and makes money from their masters. Yet, she still collects eight months of their salaries, despite all these suffering we go through? She should do her worst.”

    Ibukun James (not her real names) also told The Nation how she was made to mix cement with her bare hands in order to repair a broken oven.

    While her master and his wife respect her dignity as a human being, John said their adult children were basically slave drivers. Aside being over laboured with domestic chores, John said they usually make her climb ladder and wash the outside of the house as well as the walls.

    Asked what her employers did after seeing what the cement did to her hands, James said “nothing. They just told me to apply Vaseline on it.”

    Another woman Chidinma, who was trafficked to the country last December, claimed some of the women in her batch were asked to burn themselves for refusing to work.

    They were also made to drink water from toilet by an Egyptian member of staff of the company that trafficked her because they refused his inordinate sexual advances, she said.

    “Our agents don’t care about what people go through here. All they care about is their payments. When you complain to them, they either block you or ask you to keep enduring.

    “I volunteered to speak out to Nigerian authorities so they can look into this issue because our women are suffering. We were sold into slavery without our knowledge, or consent.

    “Many face hard labour, sexual harassment. Many have been killed, starved and even stopped from communicating with their families back home.

    “They seize our phones and passports to cut us off from the rest of the world and ensure we cannot runaway. There’s so much maltreatment here. Many of us work 19 hours daily without food and with beatings.

    “God! Some will be raped and when their madams catch their husbands in such act, they cover up for them and punish the maids without mercy. When you tell them you want to go back to your country, your passport will be seized. We are dying in this country. We are crying out to our government to safe us. These pains and sufferings are unbearable. They call us slaves and that is how we are treated.

    “Even the companies that take us there do not treat us well. They are majorly the cause of this problem. When an Arab family pays over N2million for a housemaid and keeps paying the company monthly salary, what do you expect? They will overwork the maid. In some homes when you finish your job, they will take you to a neighbour’s or a sister’s house to still work. If you refuse to do so, you are punished.

    “There’s an Egyptian guy who works as a supervisor for the company that brought me. This guy will be sleeping with anyone he fancies and you dare not say no when he makes his intentions known to you. If you decline, you will be in that company for months without work, salary nor steady food and water.”

    Victim’s relatives cry out

    Lamenting the inhuman treatment meted the women, a relative to one of the victims, Philip Nwagbo said he had contacted the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) and reported the matter but nothing had been done.

    He said that he also sent a message to Presidential Adviser on Diaspora Affairs, Mrs. Abike Dabiri-Erewa but received no reply.

    According to him, “I called NAPTIP and gave them all available information. I even gave them the telephone numbers and address of the agent who trafficked 12 of these women to Saudi Arabia.

    “I first called them over three weeks ago and since then; I have called not less than three times. Even yesterday (Thursday), I called again but the guy who picked the phone said they were busy and will call me when it is my turn.

    “I do not know what he means by that statement. Is it when the women are killed that it will get to my turn? If they cannot bring them back, they should at least get the agents to produce their passports so that the women who can come back on their own will.”

    Traffickers’ modus operandi and government’s failure

    The change in tactics by human traffickers did not start today. It has been happening unabated for years now. They present themselves as agencies that help unemployed persons secure jobs within and outside the country; invite their victims for interviews.

    Afterwards, they shortlist those they desire and tell them they have jobs for them abroad, with promises of fat salaries and liberties. These women are made to belief they just have to pay back some months of their earnings to the company to defray their travel expenses only to realise they have been sold as slaves on arrival at the designated countries.

    Their passports are collected at the airport and most times, they are moved to a camp on the outskirts of the city. They are subsequently handed over to their masters at whose residence they are branded with the slave’s uniform and identity cards.

    In the course of investigating a similar case in April, The Nation found out there were insiders at the Saudi Embassy in Nigeria that aided this illicit trade, said to be a legal practice in that country.

    The victim, Bello, became unwell and collapsed intermittently without care from her masters and was constantly being threatened by her agent, a certain Olori Omolara, whose details including telephone numbers as well as the contact of her Saudi Arabian accomplice, our Correspondent provided NAPTIP.

    Despite the above, Omolara, who told our Correspondent then that she was not afraid of anyone, was yet to be arrested.

    Although Bello was brought back in July through the personal intervention of the Director-General, NAPTIP, Madam Juli Donli, the nonchalance exhibited by the Nigerian Embassy in Saudi Arabia on that case left much to be desired.

    Contacted on the allegation by Nwagbo, Donli expressed shock over the comment, adding that he should write a detailed letter addressed to the Director-General NAPTIP.

    She said: “I do not know what the persons mean by when they get to his turn. Tell him to write a petition addressed to the Director-General. He should include details, addresses and evidence if he has them.

    “We need evidence to clampdown on those agents, agencies and seal their premises. Without evidence, we cannot do anything. We have been clamping down on some of them. The person who can give you the statistics at the moment is the Director of Investigations.

    “The truth is that it is not so easy to bring back these women, that are why we keep begging them not to fall victims to traffickers. Let the relative send the petition, I will ensure we follow it up.”

    The Director, Investigations, Josiah Emerole, was contacted on the statistics of arrested agents or sealed agencies but he told our Correspondent to call again by noon on Saturday.

  • The real winner of the World Cup

    TAIWO ALIMI takes a financial look at the FIFA World Cup to pronounce the true winner of the megabuck football showpiece.

    The preamble

     

    A classic display of talent, emotion, passion, devotion and memories; The World Cup is second to none. Countries lap up exhilarating feelings, fans cry whichever way the drama on the field goes: victory or vanquish. Host state salivates to welcome thousands of strangers and put up the best World Cup in history. Football Association chiefs pump up for making the finals and get a share of FIFA largesse while the players forever talk about the World Cup glory.

    It is only the FIFA chiefs that wear long faces because they are supposed to be neutral. It is only when the host country is playing and the host president is within air breath away that they are allowed to show their teeth, especially when their hosts found the net’s inside.

    Yet, FIFA is the only winner of the World Cup, so says Brazil legendary football star, Romário de Souza Faria.

    According to him, “The only winner of the World Cup is FIFA itself. They bring the Cup to your country telling you that it would turn around your economy and make the people happy and when they leave, the only place you see economic improvement is their pockets and fat accounts.”

    He blamed FIFA for “robbing the Brazilian people,” after the 2014 Brazil World Cup. “FIFA got what it came for: money. Things like transportation that affects the public after the tournament is over? They don’t care. They don’t care about what is going to be left behind.”

    Interestingly, Romario’s fame was sparked at the World Cup stage. He appeared at two finals, once lifting the trophy and becoming a hero of the game at home and abroad.

    Once a FIFA ambassador, the footballer turned politician, became a villain long before his country hosted the World in 2014. He gathered oppositions against FIFA and Brazil government, delivering lectures and marching into the country side to preach the gospel of ‘FIFA disease.’

    “FIFA will only come here to take away our wealth. They will leave us worse than they met us. They don’t care about our people like they say, they only care about the money they are taking away,” Romario observed.

    The former Barcelona star is not alone. Russia football enthusiast, Nikolai Merkushin was a strong voice against Russia 2018. He was ferocious against hosting the FIFA mega-buck tournament insisting that the otherwise poor economy of Russia cannot be helped by the World Cup.

    Rather, “it would leave our economy worse because whatever they are telling us we shall gain will be short lived. Already we are spending too much and the people of Russia will bear the brunt.” In addition, he said the Russia World Cup was a political manoeuvre by the government, in collaboration, to shore up its dwindling popularity.

    At home, economy watcher, Richard Boyo, shared similar sentiment. “I am going to use economic index to answer this question because we must be factual here. Four years after the World Cup in Brazil, the average Brazilian is worse off. Many lost their homes to new stadia and their jobs too because his country wanted to impress FIFA and the world. Whatever jobs that were created during the one month fiesta fizzled out thereafter, and the economy lost more.”

    So, beyond the World Cup razzmatazz and France that carted home the trophy, who are the true winners and losers of the Mundial?

    Grim figures

    Russia will have spent a total of 883 billion rubles ($14.2 billion) on hosting the just 2018 World Cup, according to Russian media report. This is much more than the official cost of 683 billion rubles ($11 billion) with transport infrastructure ($6.11 billion), stadium construction ($3.45 billion) and accommodation ($680 million) initially put out by government.

    USA Today, an American newspaper, puts the figure for construction and preparation for Russia 2018 at$11.8 billion with more than 70 percent coming from tax payers. According to ESPN, the cost is put at nearly $12 billion.

    By the estimation of CNBC, the cost of hosting the World Cup tournament for the first time by Russia is set at $14 billion.

    Justifying the colossal spending, state officials in Russia claim the World Cup will add $26 billion to $31 billion to the national economy. Arkady Dvorkovich, Russia’s former deputy prime minister, claimed that preparations already added about $14 billion to the country’s GDP — the equivalent of 1 percentage point — as well as about 220,000 jobs.

    Moscow Times, a Russian newspaper, added that the official cost has been jerked up more than 12 times since Russia won the bid to host the WC in 2010, making the $14million mark realistic.

    Experts are, however, downbeat about any long-term benefits. “Russia will only experience a short-lived economic benefit from hosting the 2018 FIFA World Cup tournament,” Moody’s Investor Service said in a report published in May while analysing spending and projected gains from the tournament.

    The report reads in part, “Much of the economic impact has already been felt through infrastructure spending, and even there the impact has been limited. World Cup-related investments in 2013-17 accounted for only 1 percent of total investments.”

    Moody’s analyst, Kristin Lindow explained that the event will last just one month and the associated economic stimulus will pale in comparison to the size of Russia’s $1.3 trillion economy.

    He added that, even the cost of hosting the world was put on the already overtaxed Russians who borne the burden, yet again. 

    “For the Russian regions, new infrastructure meant additional tax revenue and decrease future capital spending.World Cup spending had negatively impacted government finances in other regions, such as the city of St. Petersburg and the region of Samara Oblast,” the analyst pointed out.

    Russian President Vladimir Putin said that infrastructure spending had to pay off. “With regards to the infrastructure, these eleven stadiums, of course, we spent a lot of money on this and it is imperative that all of this infrastructure, I completely agree, it must work and above all work toward the development of sport on a large scale,” Putin said during his annual phone-in with the public shortly before the start of the World Cup.

    Four years ago, the World Cup met with even stiffer opposition than all the finals put together.

    To host, Brazil spent an estimated $15 billion to build stadiums and transportation, among other infrastructure. The most expensive of the stadiums, Mane Garrincha Stadium, cost $550 million and only served a handful of events in the months after the tournament.

    Report says it is no longer in use for football games but, as a parking lot for buses.

    After the tournament won by Germany, Brazil was found to be in a worse state than before prompting Romario to voice out the frustration of his people. “Unfortunately, this sporting event caused damage to the environment, society and did not produce nearly the profit that was initially projected. FIFA President Sepp Blatter pledged to give back some of the 2014 World Cup income to grassroots programmes in the South American country, which spent about $15 billion organizing the World Cup.That money could have been allocated to other departments of the inner communities of this country including health care and education to name a few. But, we did not see anything”

    The World Cup came to Africa via South Africa for the first time in 2010, and the economic impact was nil, according to national team veteran, Quinton Fortune.

    Analysing the impact four years after, Fortune magazine said spending £2.4billion to host the 2010 World Cup was a huge waste to the rainbow country.  

    “Now that South Africans have had the chance to digest the implications of their government spending over £2.4bn on six new world-class stadiums and upgrades to roads and airports, has the outlay been worth it ? Has the game of football grown as it was meant to by hosting the World Cup? Judging by the poor attendances at top-flight games not involving the country’s two most popular clubs, Kaizer Chiefs and Orlando Pirates, who are also by far the most powerful in financial terms, and the poor performances of the national team Bafana Bafana the answer unfortunately has to be a resounding no”.

    Community leader and inhabitant of Matsafeni village outside Nelspruit in South Africa, Imaan Milanzi, said they are still waiting for their World Cup legacy four years after a giant orange stadium appeared on their land.

    He lamented, “They lied to us and betrayed us. Things didn’t go as planned. They first promised to supply water, upgrade houses and roads. But they just built the stadium and disappeared.”

    ‘Mbombela’, as the World Cup stadium is locally called is now a shadow of itself and the locals say they are worse than before the Mundial. 

    In the 2010 FIFA World Cup Country Report, released nearly two and a half years after the event, South Africa’s government said it spent $1.1 billion on building and upgrading stadiums alone.

    Transport was the biggest cost, with $1.3 billion dedicated to improving road, rail and air links and a further $392 million on the country’s main ports of entry.

    The report however failed to give definitive figures on how much South Africa earned in total from being the host.

    Fortune summarized: “It has not profited South Africa to host the World Cup and it will not profit any country.”  

    Meanwhile, the U.S government and independent economic watchers say the 1994 World Cup impacted positively to the economy of the developed country.

    It is estimated that the economic impact of the World Cup to the United States is $4 billion, with Los Angeles getting a huge boost of $623 million.

    More grim figures  

    Likewise, Paul Okoku, a U.S based stockbroker and Nigeria ex-international, believed participating countries and players benefit immensely from attending the World Cups. The benefits, though, are not necessarily financial or economic.

    He said: “When assessing the monetary impact a World Cup has on a host country it is incumbent that you look at the assumed benefits and determine whether they are actually indeed monetary benefits or moral boosters and citizen unifiers. Host countries spend millions to billions constructing state of the art stadiums, facilities, etc. But often times once the World Cup is over, countries are left with these overly expensive facilities no use for it. The amount of money spent on the facilities is more so based on the “wow” factor for the World Cup and less on the long term use.”

    Okoku elucidated: “In spite of the cost, most host countries regard stadiums as investments because they generate profits from game tickets during and after the Cup. While the ticket revenue during the World Cup is quite considerable, the revenue after the Cup is assumed to be even more substantial. After the World Cup, the tentative plan normally entails stadiums to be used by domestic soccer clubs as home stadiums. Since some developed host countries like Germany and France have top soccer leagues that are more attractive than common leagues, fans coming to future games can fill the stadiums almost every following competition. But the reality is for most countries these stadiums/facilities are rendered useless, and unless they demolish them, they will have to spend tens of millions of dollars every year on maintenance.”

    The broker is of the opinion that host countries should look beyond financial gains. “The World Cup is a cultural unifier. It is the one sporting event other than the Olympics that has the entire world captivated. Citizens of their respective countries gather together during this period of time in harmony. Temporarily forgetting their local government’s transgressions and corruption, the moral of the people heightens to an all time high. To be the host of this magnificent event will bring great pride and billions of eager eyes to that country. Those eyes will see the good and the not so good. So all in all, from a sense of pride and exposure, the World Cup will impact a host country positively; however, not so much financially. It is a bad investment if the host is attempting to gain monetary value in the short and long term.”

    Aside from host countries, participating countries also expend huge monetary cost to appear at the World Cup.

    Participating countries

    So how about participating countries since qualifying for the World Cup is assumed to be the biggest thing that could happen to any country?

    Last December, Sports Minister, Solomon Dalung, disclosed that the federal government budgeted N3 billion ($8.3m), for Super Eagles to attend the Russia World Cup.

    Of the sum, he disclosed that FIFA would make N900 million available; N600 million would be gotten from sponsors, while the federal government would provide N2 billion.

    Two months to the Mundial, Nigeria FA president Amaju Pinnick noted that it has secured a $2.8million budget for the Super Eagles’ 2018 World Cup campaign. “This is from an early release of $2m from FIFA with an additional US$800,000 raised by the federation to ensure Nigeria is perfectly on track financially for the tournament in Russia.”

    By June of 2018, the amount had moved up to over N4billion ($11.1million). This, according to Pinnick, was collected from the Nigerian government and FIFA ahead of the World Cup.

    A breakdown of what has been spent on Super Eagles ahead of the World Cup shows that qualification and friendly matches gulped N3 billion, while part payment of allowance took a chunk of N1.08 billion.

    At the World Cup proper, The Super Eagles were paid N1b ($2.8m) bonus for the first round of Russia 2018.

    In total, Nigeria used up in excess of N5billion (13.8million) on Super Eagles to prosecute the World Cup from qualifying stage to the final.

    This, of course, excludes the anonymous enormous government travelling expenses for federal government officials and those of the FA.

    For participating, Nigeria however, raked in $8million (N2.8 billion) from FIFA for crashing out in the Group Stage plus $1.5million (N540million) leaving a negative balance of over N2billion, if the estimated travel expenses of Nigeria officials is added. Therefore, it is safe to sum up that participating at the World Nigeria set Nigeria back by over N2billion. 

    While this story may be same for developing countries and third world countries like Mexico, Argentina, Peru and others, it may be a buoyant story for some European countries like France, Croatia, Belgium and England that made it to the semi-final stage.

    These countries earn as much as $22million for playing up to the last-four stage.  Even, France earned $16million extra for winning while Croatia got $6million extra for finishing as runners up.  

    While Nigeria could only salvage a paltry N600 million ($1.6million) from sponsors, these countries had secured huge endorsements for their teams going to the World Cup. According to Sports Sponsorship Insider, World Cup winner, France receives a whopping $54 million annually from Nike.

    England followed with their $46 million contract, while Brazil got paid $32 million.

    Germany and Spain have the biggest deals with adidas, with both European giants pocketing $30 million.

    One cannot compare these figures to the meager $3.75m that Nigeria FA is getting from Nike. 

    Bottom line is that these FAs do not have to rely on government. They run their bodies independent  

    of government with profit at the back of their minds.

    The real winner

    So who makes all the profit at the World Cup?

    Okoku offered an answer. “So who’s the big winner, one may ask. An event this grand does have a grand beneficiary – that lucky organization is FIFA.”

    Yes FIFA.

    All the monies that go into the pockets of World Cup qualifiers are just a tiny fraction from the bigger pot. They pale into insignificance when compared to the ocean that FIFA is fishing from.

    Forbes, the independent world business tracker, pointed out that out of a FIFA went to Russia with $791million, out of which $400m was allocated based on how teams perform.

    Each of the 16 teams eliminated from the tournament’s group stage received $8million. The 16 teams that progress got $12million each for competing in the next round. Those that reach the quarter-finals earned $16million, while fourth placed got $22million and $24million went to the bronze medalist.  Both finalists will receive $28m, with the winner receiving an extra $10m.

    The remainder of $391million is distributed between the organisations and clubs that players participating belong to. Competing nations receive $1.5million ahead of the tournament just for taking part, at a cost of $48million to FIFA. The vast majority of what remains is distributed between clubs that agree to release players for the tournament. FIFA distributes $209m to players’ clubs. However, with a total of 578 clubs represented in Russia, they will receive approximately $362,000 each, assuming an individual fee hasn’t been agreed with certain clubs.

    The remaining $134m is put aside to fund FIFA’s “Club Protection Programme”, which compensates clubs should their players suffer any injuries while playing in the World Cup.

    It is fine to presume that this money will go back into FIFA’s purse since no serious injury occurred in Russia.

    For an association that is designated nonprofit, according to FIFA statute, it is unimaginable to know the size of the pool that FIFA is fishing from.

    Forbes informed that every four years, FIFA raked in overwhelming profits from the World Cup.

    In 2014, it hauled in $4.8 billion in revenue, turning a $2.6 billion profit for the association. “Broadcast revenue topped $2.43 billion, while sponsorships and ticket sales brought in $1.6 billion and $527 million, respectively.”

    According to FIFA’s 2014 Financial Report, it generated revenues of $5.72billion from when the qualification phase of the 2014 World Cup started in 2011, to when the tournament reached its conclusion. Of this amount, $4.83bn, or 84%, was generated by the World Cup itself.

    In 2010, FIFA reportedly earned income of $3.65 billion from World Cup contracts and it made a $631 million profit from the 2007-10 World Cup cycle.

    FIFA is projected to make $6 billion in revenue from Russia World Cup, up 25 percent from 2014.

    WNBC put the figure at a higher $6.1 billion: “Projected revenue for FIFA for the 2015 to 2018 budget cycle, 10% higher than projections thanks to gains in China. More than $4 billion of the total is racked up during the World Cup year of 2018.

    The end result is that FIFA takes away the meat of World Cup earnings and leave the bones for countries, players and hosts to fight over.

    Out of the projected $6.1 billion income from the just concluded World Cup, FIFA only made available $791million for those who made it happen. Billions go into other businesses while the remains rest in the FIFA cooler.

    However, for Adegboye Onigbinde, former FIFA instructor, it does not matter if FIFA is pocketing all the profit. “We have to remember that at the end of the day FIFA is a company and just like any other company; their goal is to maximize their profit. FIFA benefits greatly from the money that comes from fans all over the world, but the overall positivity that a country can gain from publicity associated with the World Cup is a reward that makes simply being a participant worthwhile. The World Cup doesn’t make a country poorer, and the money nations give to football teams should be allotted because it is being given to people who excel at their craft just like in any other country. At the end of the day, it isn’t about making the country richer, because only the finalists really get a significant differential from the awarded money minus the costs of participating. The World Cup is a way for nations to build themselves up with the outpouring of love and support that they receive from fans worldwide. A competition like this is a unifying event that people from all walks of life can participate in, and I don’t think you can quantify that.”

    An Economist Henry Boyo feels the same way: “FIFA have designed methods of taking their revenue higher in succeeding World Cup. They are making the tournament more interesting, more engaging and more dramatic. Host countries give them tax exemption and when they live they go away with the profits. This is what great corporations do and that is legal.”

    Another U.S finance broker, Godwin Odiye, is of the opinion that Nigeria should take a cue from FIFA. “Countries that develop their football tend to make huge profit too at the World Cup. You don’t have to spend tax-payers money to prosecute the World Cup if you do what you should do right. Countries like U.S, England, and Spain make profit, just like FIFA is doing.”

    Nigeria ex-international, Taju Disu expressed similar sentiment. “The World Cup is FIFA’s money roulette. You cannot blame it for selling its prime product and making profits. If Nigeria football is run the right way, we should be talking about profit too every four years.”

              

  • FACE-TO-FACE WITH DEATH (I11) Ogijo’s deadly foundries (Story of Ogijo, where foundry activities are slowly destroying everything with life)

    Olugbenga Adanikin, concludes his report on the damages foundries in Ogijo community and environs in Ogun State are wreaking on the environment.

    AT AFL, this reporter was denied access beyond the security post. Effort to meet with the management was unsuccessful but a senior staff in the firm, Mr. Kunle Aregbesola, who spoke in confidence, claimed the properties being taken over and demolished, belongs to the foundry company.

    On the pollution, he said “We are doing something great about it. Basically, this is an industrial estate. The people that bought land ought not to build by industrial estate.” He added that the firm has been expanding, so they decided to “pay some people off to move them away from the factory.”

    Efforts to get official reaction from AFL failed. When a contact on AFL official website was reached, he promised to get in touch but never did. A week after, he claimed to be in Dubai and could not respond.

    The Managing Director, Real Infrastructures Limited, Mr. Gupta Subash, reacting to the allegation in his office, agreed his firm was polluting the environment but claimed pollution in such area was inevitable. Subash, who spoke through his Head of Human Resources and Administrative Officer, Mr. Rahmon Olanrewaju, acknowledged that the communities had written to them several times and as a result decided to upgrade their equipment, though not up to satisfaction yet, but promised to keep working on it. He shared how free medical service was offered to the host communities as part of their corporate social responsibilities.

    Regulatory agency blames inefficiency on weak regulations

    At the National Environmental Safety and Regulatory Agency (NESREA) headquarter, it’s Director General, Dr. Lawrence Anukam clearly showed ignorance of the severe environmental situation in Ogijo.

    He quickly put a call through to the South West office requesting status of the pollution in the area. He said the NESREA Act under review will checkmate consistent abuse of the environment, especially by erring industries. Based on provision of the new legislation, judges will be able to sanction defaulters using their discretion and magnitude of the offence committed.

    “Where it is said for example on penalty, if there is a violation by a company, the company is allowed to compensate with certain amount, and this amount is a very paltry sum, so a big company will look at the amount he has to pay, since it is written in the law as maximum and to him it’s nothing, he will decide to pay the penalty than to avoid the pollution.

    “There is an amendment now through the efforts of the national assembly, it has really passed on various readings and we hope in no distant future, the law will be amended. In the new amendment, it becomes stated clearly in the law that the violator be charged a certain minimum, so it becomes the discretion of the judge and the gravity of the offence and who is violating the law.

    “If a very big company is violating the environmental laws thinking that the amount is small and they can always have their way, the judge will look at you, the size of your company, the magnitude of your offence and the violation you are causing and then put appropriate sanction. So it’s not as it was before,” Anukam said.

    Reacting to the abandoned air monitoring equipment, he said “We used it for a while especially the one in Abuja but the issue we are having has to do with calibration.”He said the agency will ensure that subsequent equipment to be purchased have proper provision for calibration. He also said discussions are ongoing regarding fixing it.

    When in order, he said the equipment “is very functional, it will help in our mobile air quality monitoring activities, especially where we recognized hotspots.”

    State government and Environmental Protection Agency confused over pollution management

    In Ogun State Environmental Protection Agency (OGEPA), it was very obvious that the agency seemed to have exhausted every viable option at tackling the menace. The best they could do is to temporarily seal the erring firms, only for them to commence operation after paying small compensation. When this correspondent visited the office, two top directors, who pleaded not to be mentioned, expressed shock over compensations awarded to landlords of the polluted Ogijo community.

    They affirmed to be aware of the pollution in the community but argued that Real Infrastructures Limited, Monarch Iron Steel, High Tec Profile Ltd and few others were closed down at some point. Interestingly, no one claimed responsibility of re-issuing their operational license.

    “Their file is there,” referring to the sanctioned foundries. “It is what we see that we will write. It’s not that we are patching these people. They wrote to get environmental approval but I didn’t give them because they didn’t merit it. The report is there.” He reaffirmed.

    He even offered to show this reporter a file to that effect, but later declined, claiming they were official documents.

    However, the other director argued the sealed industries paid some money as levies and were directed to adopt safer standards.

    They however insist that the agency was doing its best. “It’s not that we closed our eyes and allowed them to do whatever they wanted. I can show you their file, payment and what we asked them to do. In fact, we just told them to do dispatch modeling,” which he described as a new approach to measuring the extent of pollution in the environment and what is expected of the industries.

    He subsequently affirmed there were lots of complaint letters written by various communities but insisted that the reporter and his fixer should write another.

    Responding in a rather lukewarm manner, the second director, who appeared to be very knowledgeable about the incidents told this reporter to work with other members of the community who are yet to be settled before significant action could be taken. He asked the reporter to file a new petition.

    “There is nothing we can do. Let them go and write a letter and complain formally,” he said.

    He went on to say it will be difficult to shut the firms, adding that it is “not possible to revoke their license. In a place where there is proper planning, people must not build near such plants. We as government, we accept our blame, that came from the town planners who gave them the land.”

    According to him, he wrote a submission on behalf of the state government against African foundry in the case filed by the community at Shagamu High Court. But he was quick to note that if the community had maintained their ground, they would have won the case.

    “If they should pursue it, the community will win African foundry. That is why they asked for out-of-court settlement. That is an alternative to crisis resolution and if the people are not satisfied, they can revert to court and say this is what we want.”

    The director, who claimed to have responded on behalf of the management when the petition came, said the submission was made available to the State Ministry of Justice. He noted that the ministry represented OGEPA in court, adding that he refused to write in favour of AFL because it was obvious there were pollutions, vibrations among others. He further emphasised it may be difficult to achieve 100 per cent waste reduction but they should have worked within acceptable standard such as 65 per cent, such could still be considered.

    Tyre recycling firm – the fastest killing machine

    Speaking on Tech High Profile Limited, the source described the firm as a “killing machine”, alleging that employees in Tech High are not “normal people.” He accused the employees of being under drug influence to have worked in the firm. “They are not paid wages but paid on daily basis. They lack stable means of livelihood, so the employers are taking advantage of them.”

    Efforts to speak with the Environment Commissioner, Mr. Bolaji Oyeleye were futile. He was said to be out of the ministry, but its media officer, Mr. Goke Gbadamosi, promised to reach-out to the commissioner but didn’t.

    Subsequent text messages and emails to Oyeleye, never yielded any response until this report was filed for publication.

    Oyeleye, who visited industries in Igbesa and Ota, August last year, had vowed that government will no longer permit industrial wastes from industries, as they pose health hazards to residents. He was represented at the two locations by the Head of Special Task Force on Environment, Mr. Oyesiku Amosun.

    But beyond rhetoric, the state government is presumed by residents to have performed below expectations.

    The Permanent Secretary, Ogun State Ministry of Environment, who is the administrative head of the ministry, Mr. Kunle Osota refused to grant this reporter audience during a visit to his office at Oke Mosan, Governor’s Office, Abeokuta.

    State Government Reacts

    Incidentally, when this correspondent contacted the Commissioner for Information, Mr. Dayo Adeneye, he said he was not aware of the incident but referred the reporter to the same commissioner for environment. “The commissioner for environment will be in the best position to react to that,” Adeneye said.

    Senator Buruji Kashamu, representing Ogun East Senatorial District did not respond to sms sent to his phone in a bid to get his effort over the hazards, so also member from the House of Representative, Hon. Oladipupo Adebutu.

    Findings from Test Tube Analysis

    Both soil and water samples taken from the affected community were subjected to scientific study at the NIPRD, an agency under the Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH), to ascertain the true state of their water and soil. The result analysis with reference no: NIPRD/01/03/CCPF/327 and Certificate no: NIPRD/MCQC/Consult/2018/02 after five weeks revealed the soil is poisoned with lead but the underground water is still of acceptable standard. “The soil is polluted with Lead. The lead ought not to be more than 10, so it’s much in the soil. The soil too is rich in iron and calcium. If they plant anything, it will grow well,” said NIRPD Head of Department, Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, Dr. Mrs. Kudirat Mustapha.

    Already, rural communities in Ogijo, close to the riverside, including white garment churches in the nearby stream had to forgo the water. Bagged ‘blackish’ wastes were dumped indiscriminately across the communities including the river path, thereby polluting the water. Pastoralists who are ignorant of the danger of soot-covered leaves parade their cattle to feast on the artificial blackish plants. Farmers have abandoned their farmlands and hopes of residents have turned slim only if the appropriate authorities could do the needful and protect the ecosystem through strong environmental regulations.

     

    • This project was supported by NED Foundation.
  • FACE-TO-FACE WITH DEATH (I1): Ogijo foundries and failure of a regulatory system

    Story of Ogijo, where foundry activities are slowly destroying everything with life

    Last week, we published the first part of this feature, which exposed the damages foundries in Ogijo community and environs in Ogun State are wrecking on the environment, endangering human lives and forcing many to abandon their homes for safer havens. This week, the writer, Olugbenga Adanikin, harps on the danger to human life and the seeming inability of the authorities to deal with the situation. Experts View

    FORMATION of cancer can be chemically induced and sometimes by micro-organisms or spontaneous genetic mutations. So, exposure of the local communities produces potential carcinogens and this should be discouraged.” So says, Uche Osunkwo, a professor of Toxicology, who shared his views on the implications of human exposure to foundry toxics.

    According to Osunkwo, as much as industrial development is good for the country and should be encouraged, there is need to ensure environmental safety and reorientation from the government on associated vices caused by foundry industries.

    Prof. Usonkwu, who is the National President, Nigerian Society for Toxicological Sciences, affirmed that Ogijo residents are ‘absolutely vulnerable to being infected with cancer,’ thus the need for public awareness to the residents and employees in the firms. “The earth crust where they get the raw materials, when they get into such crust, they are exposed to the high concentration of their raw materials inside the crust of the earth. So these are sources of toxicological substances and the exposure put them at risk of certain diseases.”

    “It could be diseases related to blood, reducing the ability of the blood to carry oxygen, carbon dioxide. The diseases may be related to the respiratory system, beginning from the nostrils, the exchange that takes place between the lungs and the blood and it may spread to other parts of the body.

    “It is not normal for high concentration of lead; I won’t say low level, because no level is acceptable. It is not part of the physiology of the body,” he said, stressing that it could affect the groundwater.

    Worrying Statistics

    Reports from the World Health Organisation (WHO) have shown that pollution is the next fastest killer after HIV/AIDS, culminating in more deaths annually and still increasing. The reports show that all regions of the world are affected but populations in low-income cities are the most impacted.

    A recent research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of science revealed that 5.5 million people worldwide die prematurely annually as a result of air pollution. According to the 2016 WHO Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database report, 98 per cent of cities in low and middle income countries with more than 100, 000 inhabitants do not meet WHO air quality guidelines.

    Key findings from Nigeria’s latest Demographic and Health Survey showed that respiratory problems and rapid breathing contributes more to infant mortality in the country. According to the report, two per cent of under-five children in the country have symptoms of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI), from which only 35 per cent were taken to health facilities.

    Sadly, experts further posit that excessive exposure to carcinogenic materials such as lead and heavy metals from foundry industries could alter human genes made up of DNA sequences. These are considered fragile and as a result, could cause formation of cancerous tissues in human system. “As urban air quality declines, the risk of stroke, heart disease, lung cancer, and chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including asthma, increases for the people who live in them,” says the latest WHO report.

    Kickbacks, weak regulations, rendering supervisory bodies inefficient

    Residents assume that the regulatory authorities, which ought to intervene in the situation, have compromised. They believe government should be concerned enough to provide lasting solutions, especially as it relates to their health. “Perhaps they were coming just for formalities because there are no changes. The companies kept promising that they will improve to control the pollution yet they did nothing,” a resident who pleaded for anonymity stated.

    According to him, publications were made in six national dailies and invited government officials lodged by the community for two days. The officials held a meeting with the community association and subsequently visited the firms to conduct the assessment. The accused firms were sealed but reopened after a week.

    “All those who have been visiting were being bribed by the companies,” he alleged, adding that the fruitless efforts and poor concern from the government led the community to resort to court action.

    During a visit to the tyre company, it was gathered that the tyre recycling firm was shut repeatedly by OGEPA but reopened shortly after; like Real Infrastructure and a few others.

    Investigation revealed that these inefficiencies were as a result of weak regulatory framework to sanction erring industries. There are clear and flagrant daily abuse of the environmental laws across the country but the regulatory agencies appeared toothless. NESREA for instance has about 24 field offices and six zonal offices nationwide. In the South West alone it has offices in Ekiti, Lagos, Ondo, Osun and Oyo states but with all these offices spread across the geo-political zones, no clear achievements have been so far achieved.

    The NESREA 2007 Act which is currently undergoing an amendment in the National Assembly only permits the agency to award a meagre sum as sanctions to defaulters. Despite that the agency is mandated under Section 20 sub section 1 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) of the Act to set specifications and set environmental standards, the regulation itself has failed, not to mention poor enforcement.

    Section 2 of the NESREA Act called for the establishment of monitoring stations to locate sources of air pollution and determine their actual or potential danger, while Section 3 states that, “A person who violates the regulations made pursuant to subsection (1) of this section commits an offence and shall on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding N200,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year or to both such fine and imprisonment and an additional fine of N20,000 for every day the offence subsists.

    “(4) Where an offence under subsection (1) of this section is committed by a body corporate, it shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding N2, 000,000 and an additional fine of N50,000 for every day the offence subsists.”   However, it is sad that these laws have been obsolete and weak, such that erring companies would rather pollute the environment than comply with safe environmental practice. Some of these laws currently under review at the National Assembly are expected to address the loopholes in the existing NESREA Act.

    Moreover, in 2009, the agency as part of environmental compliance measures, bought two mobile air monitoring equipment. One was positioned in Port Harcourt, the other in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) but till date, it is not functioning due to calibration problem. Almost a decade after it was purchased, it is still parked, covered with dusts under a tree in the premises of the regulatory agency.

    Reactions from the accused firms

    At AFL, this reporter was denied access beyond the security post. Effort to meet with the management was unsuccessful but a senior staff in the firm, Mr. Kunle Aregbesola, who spoke in confidence, claimed the properties being taken over and demolished, belongs to the foundry company.

    On the pollution, he said “We are doing something great about it. Basically, this is an industrial estate. The people that bought land ought not to build by industrial estate.” He added that the firm has been expanding, so they decided to “pay some people off to move them away from the factory.”

    Efforts to get official reaction from AFL failed. When a contact on AFL official website was reached, he promised to get in touch but never did. A week after, he claimed to be in Dubai and could not respond.

    The Managing Director, Real Infrastructures Limited, Mr. Gupta Subash, reacting to the allegation in his office, agreed his firm was polluting the environment but claimed pollution in such area was inevitable. Subash, who spoke through his Head of Human Resources and Administrative Officer, Mr. Rahmon Olanrewaju, acknowledged that the communities had written to them several times and as a result decided to upgrade their equipment, though not up to satisfaction yet, but promised to keep working on it. He shared how free medical service was offered to the host communities as part of their corporate social responsibilities.

    Regulatory agency blames inefficiency on weak regulations

    At the National Environmental Safety and Regulatory Agency (NESREA) headquarter, it’s Director General, Dr. Lawrence Anukam clearly showed ignorance of the severe environmental situation in Ogijo.

    He quickly put a call through to the South West office requesting status of the pollution in the area. He said the NESREA Act under review will checkmate consistent abuse of the environment, especially by erring industries. Based on provision of the new legislation, judges will be able to sanction defaulters using their discretion and magnitude of the offence committed.

    “Where it is said for example on penalty, if there is a violation by a company, the company is allowed to compensate with certain amount, and this amount is a very paltry sum, so a big company will look at the amount he has to pay, since it is written in the law as maximum and to him it’s nothing, he will decide to pay the penalty than to avoid the pollution.

    “There is an amendment now through the efforts of the national assembly, it has really passed on various readings and we hope in no distant future, the law will be amended. In the new amendment, it becomes stated clearly in the law that the violator be charged a certain minimum, so it becomes the discretion of the judge and the gravity of the offence and who is violating the law.

    “If a very big company is violating the environmental laws thinking that the amount is small and they can always have their way, the judge will look at you, the size of your company, the magnitude of your offence and the violation you are causing and then put appropriate sanction. So it’s not as it was before,” Anukam said.

    Reacting to the abandoned air monitoring equipment, he said “We used it for a while especially the one in Abuja but the issue we are having has to do with calibration.”He said the agency will ensure that subsequent equipment to be purchased have proper provision for calibration. He also said discussions are ongoing regarding fixing it.

    When in order, he said the equipment “is very functional, it will help in our mobile air quality monitoring activities, especially where we recognized hotspots.”

    Ogun State government and Ogun Environmental Protection Agency Confused over Pollution Management

    In Ogun State Environmental Protection Agency (OGEPA), it was very obvious that the agency seemed to have exhausted every viable option at tackling the menace. The best they could do is to temporarily seal the erring firms, only for them to commence operation after paying small compensation. When this correspondent visited the office, two top directors, who pleaded not to be mentioned, expressed shock over compensations awarded to landlords of the polluted Ogijo community.

    They affirmed to be aware of the pollution in the community but argued that Real Infrastructures Limited, Monarch Iron Steel, High Tec Profile Ltd and few others were closed down at some point. Interestingly, no one claimed responsibility of re-issuing their operational license.

    “Their file is there,” referring to the sanctioned foundries. “It is what we see that we will write. It’s not that we are patching these people. They wrote to get environmental approval but I didn’t give them because they didn’t merit it. The report is there.” He reaffirmed.

    He even offered to show this reporter a file to that effect, but later declined, claiming they were official documents.

    However, the other director argued the sealed industries paid some money as levies and were directed to adopt safer standards.

    They however insist that the agency was doing its best. “It’s not that we closed our eyes and allowed them to do whatever they wanted. I can show you their file, payment and what we asked them to do. In fact, we just told them to do dispatch modeling,” which he described as a new approach to measuring the extent of pollution in the environment and what is expected of the industries.

    He subsequently affirmed there were lots of complaint letters written by various communities but insisted that the reporter and his fixer should write another.

    Responding in a rather lukewarm manner, the second director, who appeared to be very knowledgeable about the incidents told this reporter to work with other members of the community who are yet to be settled before significant action could be taken. He asked the reporter to file a new petition.

    “There is nothing we can do. Let them go and write a letter and complain formally,” he said.

    He went on to say it will be difficult to shut the firms, adding that it is “not possible to revoke their license. In a place where there is proper planning, people must not build near such plants. We as government, we accept our blame, that came from the town planners who gave them the land.”

    According to him, he wrote a submission on behalf of the state government against African foundry in the case filed by the community at Shagamu High Court. But he was quick to note that if the community had maintained their ground, they would have won the case.

    “If they should pursue it, the community will win African foundry. That is why they asked for out-of-court settlement. That is an alternative to crisis resolution and if the people are not satisfied, they can revert to court and say this is what we want.”

    The director, who claimed to have responded on behalf of the management when the petition came, said the submission was made available to the State Ministry of Justice. He noted that the ministry represented OGEPA in court, adding that he refused to write in favour of AFL because it was obvious there were pollutions, vibrations among others. He further emphasised it may be difficult to achieve 100 per cent waste reduction but they should have worked within acceptable standard such as 65 per cent, such could still be considered.

    Tyre recycling firm – the fastest killing machine

    Speaking on Tech High Profile Limited, the source described the firm as a “killing machine”, alleging that employees in Tech High are not “normal people.” He accused the employees of being under drug influence to have worked in the firm. “They are not paid wages but paid on daily basis. They lack stable means of livelihood, so the employers are taking advantage of them.”

    Efforts to speak with the Environment Commissioner, Mr. Bolaji Oyeleye were futile. He was said to be out of the ministry, but its media officer, Mr. Goke Gbadamosi, promised to reach-out to the commissioner but didn’t.

    Subsequent text messages and emails to Oyeleye, never yielded any response until this report was filed for publication.

    Oyeleye, who visited industries in Igbesa and Ota, August last year, had vowed that government will no longer permit industrial wastes from industries, as they pose health hazards to residents. He was represented at the two locations by the Head of Special Task Force on Environment, Mr. Oyesiku Amosun.

    But beyond rhetoric, the state government is presumed by residents to have performed below expectations.

    The Permanent Secretary, Ogun State Ministry of Environment, who is the administrative head of the ministry, Mr. Kunle Osota refused to grant this reporter audience during a visit to his office at Oke Mosan, Governor’s Office, Abeokuta.

    State Government Reacts

    Incidentally, when this correspondent contacted the Commissioner for Information, Mr. Dayo Adeneye, he said he was not aware of the incident but referred the reporter to the same commissioner for environment. “The commissioner for environment will be in the best position to react to that,” Adeneye said.

    Senator Buruji Kashamu, representing Ogun East Senatorial District did not respond to sms sent to his phone in a bid to get his effort over the hazards, so also member from the House of Representative, Hon. Oladipupo Adebutu.

    Findings from Test Tube Analysis

    Both soil and water samples taken from the affected community were subjected to scientific study at the NIPRD, an agency under the Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH), to ascertain the true state of their water and soil. The result analysis with reference no: NIPRD/01/03/CCPF/327 and Certificate no: NIPRD/MCQC/Consult/2018/02 after five weeks revealed the soil is poisoned with lead but the underground water is still of acceptable standard. “The soil is polluted with Lead. The lead ought not to be more than 10, so it’s much in the soil. The soil too is rich in iron and calcium. If they plant anything, it will grow well,” said NIRPD Head of Department, Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, Dr. Mrs. Kudirat Mustapha.

    Already, rural communities in Ogijo, close to the riverside, including white garment churches in the nearby stream had to forgo the water. Bagged ‘blackish’ wastes were dumped indiscriminately across the communities including the river path, thereby polluting the water. Pastoralists who are ignorant of the danger of soot-covered leaves parade their cattle to feast on the artificial blackish plants. Farmers have abandoned their farmlands and hopes of residents have turned slim only if the appropriate authorities could do the needful and protect the ecosystem through strong environmental regulations.

  • Niger communities left in the dark lament their situation

    Justina Asishana chronicles the story of Niger State communities left behind in the scheme of civilisation and UNICEF’s hard-to-reach medical outreach team’s effort at alleviating their lack.

    CHILDREN naturally bring joy to everyone but for Mallam Bawa Daudu it is even easier to prove. It’s all in the numbers. Bawa who lives in Kogon Kifi in Genu Ward, Rijau Local Government Area of Niger State has 24 children from his two wives. But he has had cause in recent years to bury four of them –none of which celebrated their 5th birthday. Bawa believes he may have been able to save his children if there was a health facility in his community.

    In Tunga-sabo, a community in Agwara Local Government Area of Niger State, childbirth is not a feat for the faint hearted. Pregnant women usually have to travel 15 kilometers to access the nearest health facility whenever they are in labour. In most cases, it is a race against luck. Garba Garatu knows better. He lost his wife, Wakala a month ago. She died with the baby in her womb on her journey to the hospital. It was to be her first child, but it became her pathway to death.

    However, for Mohammed,  he has had to live with the consequence of not having a health facility in his village, having been crippled at age 12 by polio due to unavailability of polio immunization In his community.

    These tales of woe and more are what the people  in the hard-to-reach communities in Niger State have to tell. There are over 2, 000 hard to reach communities in Niger State that lack basic health facilities and social amenities. These communities are completely cut off from the society and can be said to be ‘living in the dark ages’.

    The communities, which are in 145 wards in 17 local government areas in Niger State have never enjoyed clean, drinkable water, health facilities, schools, electricity, good and plyable roads and even mobile network. They cannot be accessed by vehicles; the closest to a developed town is about 10 km which without the presence of a motorcycle, the people have to walk to the nearest town to access these social amenities. As a result of the distance, the children are not encouraged to go to school.

    The only intervention the people get comes from the UNICEF hard to reach medical outreach personnel, who go to these communities one month in every quarter to immunize the children, treat and administer drugs to both the children and adults.

    According to Alhaji Umaru Sule, the community head in Nasarawa Koro, a community under Rafi ward in Borgu Local Government Area of Niger State, the area is 50 minutes on motorcycle from Borgu town. He said some people are not aware that the community exists because of its long distance from the nearest town called Awuru. He said that the villagers drink from a stream which during the dry season, they have to dig to get water. “We have no hospital, no school, no light, no drinking water, no borehole or well. We all drink from the stream and during periods like this, we dig to find water when the water dries up. ”

    The 43-year-old diabetic leader said the community, which has over a thousand people, only have access to drugs and medical services when the UNICEF Outreach team visit them every quarter. “Our children usually come down with ailments like malaria, hepatitis, measles and chicken pox but we only get medical aid when these people come here. It is not everybody that can afford to walk 15 km to Awuru to the health center there. ”

    As far as people of Kofar Kifi in Genuine ward in Rijau Local Government Area are concerned, they are not even sure if they have a government, stating that if the government was there, they would have addressed their problems. The Community Head, Bawa Daudu who lost four children due to lack of a health facility in the community said, “If there was a health center, I would have gotten treatment for my children but I could not take them to Aringida where the nearest primary healthcare center is, which is about 40 minutes on motorcycle. I could not save my children, if government had provided us with these health centers, my children would still have been with me. I feel pained about their death. ”

    One of the UNICEF Senior Community Health Extension Worker (SCHEW), Aliyu Bawa who was attending to the people during the visit to the community said before the coming of UNICEF, the people were not used to drugs and it took a lot of sensitisation before they accepted the medications given to them by UNICEF. He said although the nearest health center is far, the people still try their best to go there once in a while.

    In Sabon Gari, a community of over 35 years,  the government promises mean nothing to them anymore because they only come to the village during the campaign period to promise heaven and earth only to forget them after the elections.

    Garba Magaji, the village head said they need schools, water, portable water and electricity, “We need to feel government’s presence. These politicians are very cunning, they come here during campaigns, promise us everything but for years now, they have not done an iota of what they have promised. We still live like we are in the dark ages. ”

    He applauded the intervention of UNICEF, saying it has stopped under-five deaths in the community but wanted the services to be more frequent instead of one month in every quarter. “The work of UNICEF is good but we need more. They should build a hospital for us, so that we would continue enjoying these facilities. ”

    12-year-old Mohammed, 10-year-old Hamisu and Fatima expressed their desire to attend school as they said that they have never seen the four walls of a classroom. According to the children, their daily schedule involves going to the farm and returning home. Mohammed is the worst of all, as he is currently crippled and would need some corrective surgery to walk again. He was infected with the deadly polio virus.

    The UNICEF Cluster Coordinator for Mariga, Rafi, Rijau  Mashegu, Magama and Agwara local government areas of Niger state, Musa Umar explained that at the inception for the hard-to-reach medical outreach project, they were not welcome because the villagers taught they were politicians who had come to make promises to them and go away. “With time, we were able to convince them. When we started, the out-flux was low; they were trying to understand our role but with time, especially with the free drugs and testing we give to them, they have come to accept us. Now they are begging us to stay. ”

    UNICEF report states that Niger State has the highest number of hard-to-reach-communities in Nigeria, with each local government area housing about fifty settlement of such communities. The Coordinator of UNICEF in Niger state, Dr. Mohammed Khalid expressed sadness that they have only been able to reach out to 850 out of the 2000 hard-to-reach  communities in the state.

    He said the development was meant to provide free medical services particularly for women and children who constitute the most vulnerable group in the society, but in the end, they had to care for whoever needed their attention. He opined that the programme is solely targeted at eradicating polio in the communities but due to the numerous health challenges, the programme is currently providing additional medical support to communities, to guarantee access to medical services for the people.

    Khalid who lamented the situation of the people said the hard and difficult terrains discourages them from seeking health services, stating that the children in these areas are most vulnerable to diseases, especially as some have become disfigured by these diseases, which were not treated. He added that some are being rejected by members of the communities because of some disease, which could have been cured if there was access to healthcare.

    “So many of these hard-to-reach communities are so far away from civilisation that they do not have electricity or even mobile networks. They have been abandoned, they are socially secluded and do not even know what they are missing because they have been left behind.”

    Khalid said the UNICEF hard-to-reach project seeks to bring the plight of the communities to the attention of the government in order for an increase in health allocation to carter for the health needs of the people living in the areas.

    “Our team usually consists of an experienced nurse midwife, a Child Health Emergency Worker (CHEW), two junior CHEWs and a data assistant. UNICEF hard-to-reach project covers 17 local government councils, 145 wards, 850 settlements and we have 17 teams and 850 voluntary community mobilisers.”

  • Beekeeping: Gateway to wealth creation and good health

    Nigerian honey and its by products are currently in hot demands in Europe signifying that bee farmers in the country need to step up their production to meet up with international and local markets. SINA FADARE, who has been the following the trends reports.

    BEES are wonderful insects created for the use of man. However, its potentials have not been well articulated for many decades by human until in the recent times when scientific research has shown the importance of the ‘golden insect’.

    According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations, bee offers a lot of potentials with minimal investment. Perhaps against this backdrop, the Federal Ministry of Agriculture has mapped out a strategy to encourage bee keepers to diversify into its commercial production in order to create employment opportunities for youths.

    Mr. Bidemi Oyeleye is the Chief Executive, Centre for Bee Research and Development and the President of the Federation of Beekeepers Association of Nigeria (FEBKAN) with about 35 years romance with beekeeping,  he told The Nation that the potentials inherent in beekeeping is so enormous that if government could invest in the sector, it is more lucrative than petroleum.

    His success story in beekeeping with over 4000 hives scattered in various forests in Oke-Ogun area of Oyo State where honey and other by products are produced gave him the conclusion that bee farming could liberate youths from firm grip of poverty

    The inherent potential in beekeeping and the continuous importation of honey for domestic consumption which has been a source of worry   to beekeepers in the country necessitated the recent coming together of all the movers and shakers of beekeeping industry in Nigeria at a conference at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Oyo State.

    The Conference that was organised by the Centre For  Bee Research And Development, (CEBRAD) with the theme ‘Let the honey flow’  gathered all the stakeholders ( Bee farmers, honey packers, researchers, MDAs with beekeeping mandate, policy makers, investors and bee scholars)  within and outside the country to brainstorm on how  the ‘golden juice’ can flow in the country.

    The guest speaker, Mr. Daniel Schulze, Vice President of Hanse Hamburg Naturroh-stoffe; a leading bee products importer in Germany, lamented that many big honey buyers are very reluctant to buy honey from China in the recent times because of fake products which is now a global problem.

    According to him, this has increased the demand for quality honey from Nigeria, which is largely regarded as a trusted source. He added that taking standard and quality into serious consideration, “this is a big opportunity for beekeepers in Nigeria to establish themselves as one of the country’s capable to meet the demand of the world for high quality bee products.”

    Ambassador B. A Nurudeen, Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the ECOWAS Commission noted that, “In recent times apiculture industry has become a profitable agricultural enterprise in all parts of the world including Nigeria. It is an important foreign exchange earner for those that export honey and bees-wax. Regrettably, beekeeping as a commercial venture is still largely unexplored in Nigeria, and the country meets domestic demand for honey mostly by importation from producer countries.”

    Nurudeen explained that, “To effectively maximize the benefits of apiculture and develop beekeeping value chains that will accelerate Medium and Small-Scale Enterprise (MSSE) in Nigeria, stakeholders need to put more emphasis on beekeeping policy at national, regional and continental levels.”

    Art of bee keeping

    According to bee farmers, one third of the world’s food crop is dependent on food `pollination’; therefore bees are important for the survival of many more plants.  Prof. Willie Siyanbola, a researcher at the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, argued that beekeeping requires experience, anticipation and an understanding of various external factors outside one’s control with knowledge of bee science, botany and modern agriculture.

    He explained that adult honeybees eat pollen and nectar adding that they also pick up some of the pollen and transport it to the next plant where they feed.

    To Ismail Abdul Azeez, a bee consultant, beekeeping is an investment for mining wealth. He explained that a prospective entrepreneur needs a small space. “After finding this, the next step is to create hives, as many as 30 hives which can be kept in an area as small as 25 x 50ft. One can start with N150,000 after land acquisition.”

    He explained that “Success in beekeeping requires an intimate knowledge of the biology of honey bee as management practices are based on colony habits and bee behaviour. These skills, he said, could be acquired after two days training. New beekeepers need to make observations of bee activities and examine their colony’s hive frequently.”

    Speaking about his romance with bee, Mr. Ademola Adigun, a bee farmer and a Natural Science Student said bee is a wonderful insect that takes a very unique position in entomology. “They (bees) have their guiding angel. They have their uniqueness in food and medical world. They are intelligent insect, the Queen, the foragers and the soldiers. We have about 28 enzymes. That is why honey is used for a lot of illnesses.”

    Corroborating the potential inherent in beekeeping, Mr. Lawal Abdulraman Adebowale, a bee farmer and a postgraduate student at the University of Abuja noted that his familiarisation with beekeeping since 13 years ago has been fruitful and financially rewarding.

    Adebowale who is the Coordinator of Nigerian Youths in Beekeeping has his farm in Saki area of Oke-Ogun in Oyo State. He explained that been a student does not hinder his business as a bee farmer because he was able to meet his entire financial obligations from his bee farm.

    Why the honey is yet to flow

    Like all agricultural products in the country that is bedeviled with one crisis or the other, apiculture sector is not exceptional. According to Siyanbola, the country is producing an average of 200,000 tonnes of honey annually, while the consumption rate stood at 380,000 tonnes. Therefore the rest 180,000 are imported into the country in order to meet up with the local consumption capacity.

    Given credence to this, the Team Leader, USAID Bee keeping Pollination Project, Mr. David Musa noted that the domestic consumption rate of honey in the country is currently 380,000, with a global price of about $4.5 billion.

    According to him, Nigeria can generate over $10 billion from local and international trade in honey and other hive products, stressing   the need for the country to get honey export certification from the European Union

    Musa pointed out that the country has a lot to offer in terms of producing good and quality honey and other by products to the international market adding that if all potentials in the industry are harnessed “it is a gold mine.”

    However speaking to The Nation on why honey cannot flow as expected in the country, a researcher and expert in honeybee behaviour and health, Dr. Kayode Akinwande said honey can only flow if all the stakeholders put up a policy on bee keeping and follow it to the logical conclusion.

    He explained that “The government must have understanding of what bee keeping is, otherwise all the money they invested in beekeeping will be like putting it in a bottomless pit. We must understand what is in the terrain of beekeeping otherwise we will not get anywhere. One of the fundamental facts which government must know is the fact that the farmers are not the one that are bringing the bees but it will come over to the hives.”

    According to him “If therefore you give a bee farmer a certain amount of money to go and set up a bee farm and you give same amount to a cassava farmer, the cassava farmer can predict what he may likely have at the end of the year, but the bee keepers cannot predict the harvest. The government must be able to dole out money with little interest, having it in mind that the money may run into bad debts. It will take some years before beekeepers can predict its activities.”

    The University don pointed out that “Beekeeping is a profitable venture, but not like buying and selling business that you invest today and by tomorrow rake in the profit. It has a gestation period; it is not like cassava or yam farming. Therefore if government is interested to encourage beekeeping farmers, it has to factor in that it has a gestation period which is a bit longer before the business can be stabilized.

    “Take  for instance if you put your hives in the forest, the bees might decide not to go there no matter how you attract them, therefore such a farmer may not get the required honey at the end of the day.  It is a business that is very gradual, but when you stabilize in it, the sky is your limit.” he explained

    Wealth creation

    Aside the fact that honey is the least of the products that can generate revenue for the farmers, Pastor Israel, a bee farmer based in Umahia, Abia State, said “Initially people think that it is only honey that bee provided until recent time through research that it was discovered that there are a lot of derivative items that can be sourced from beekeeping. Some of the products extracted from bees are good for human being and animal kingdom. Aside from honey there is bee wax, bee pollen, it is anti-biotic and anti-fungi.  It is good for respiratory cases and scientifically proven to be good for stomach crises.”

    Siyanbola explained that bee business is more than just harvesting honey. “Bee keepers can rent out their bees for pollination services, transporting bee hives across the country to pollinate different crops. For instance the almond farms of California which rely on honey bee pollination will pay around $200 per hive for the service.”

    According to him, the demand for honey is high because of the daily consumption of the product and its preservative nature.

    He noted that “if N10,000 is spent on a colony, a colony can produce about 10 liters  per harvest, adding that if a bee farmer has about 10 colonies, at the end of the day  he will rake in about N50,000 as gross profit and N40,000 as return on investment

    He,  however, lamented that most of the honey produced in the country are not branded, which gave some of the neighbouring African countries to re- blend and export Nigerian honey at premium prices.

    Corroborating Siyanbola’s view, Ojeleye who has about 4,000 hives in his farm explained that he his surviving solely on bee keeping which he said is very lucrative.

    The President of FBAN explained that beekeepers in the country are yet to meet up with the local demands talk less of exploring the international market which he said is anxiously waiting and expecting quality bee products from bee farmers in the country.

    He therefore challenged bee keepers to meticulously operate and package their product in the most hygienic way that can attract high demand both within and outside the country.

    Ojeleye maintained that a lot of by products can be derived from beekeeping which can also create wealth for bee farmers adding that everything produced by bees can be turned into cash. While most farmers harvest honey twice a year, he harvests four times a year, attributing this higher harvests ratio to proper maintenance

    “One can make money from extracting wax which bees create to cover the honey and brood cells. For example, bees wax is used in candle making, shoe polish, vehicle and floor polishes, varnish, gum, carbon paper, electrical appliances, fabric industry, cosmetics, wax crayons, metal casting and food processing and packaging.

    Health benefits

    Exploring the heath benefits of bee products in the recent times has been an area which researchers are beaming their search light on due to the wonders which honey and its ally products are recording. According to FAO, there is a considerable history of bees and bee products having medicinal properties. For instance, honey, pollen, propolis, wax, royal jelly and venom are seen by many to have curative properties even though others suggest the contrary as a result of a lack of critical scientific scrutiny on bee products.

    However, majority of the bee farmers that spoke to The Nation are very authoritative about the medicinal potency of bees and its products.

    Onyema who had been in the business of bee keeping in the last two decades explained that from experience he had cured a lot of diseases with bee products. “We also have bee pollen, it is used as a food for the young bee, and it is a perfect food because it contains all what the body requires. It is also used for fertility in both man and woman. If it is taking for some days, it can also cure prostate cancer in men.”

    The bee bread which the bee itself takes is a good medicinal product. “It is useful because of the enzymes present through the worker bee. Royal jelly is one of the precious gems given to the Queen bee. The Queen bee can live up to six years, but the worker bee, for only a month. By taking royal jelly one will be looking younger than ones actual age. It helps in taking care of women infertility. If a woman can be taking it few days to her ovulation period, it will actually boost it.”

    According to him, “The bee venom is the stings; it serves as its defensive mechanism, it comes out of the bee lancets, it carries a liquid that it injects into the body, it is poured into the body through venom sack. That is why when it stings you, you can quickly remove it to reduce the venom pumped into the body. This bee venom is telepathic.  I used it to treat a diabetic and arthritics patients.”

    Speaking in the same vein, Adegun who had a long romance with bee explained that the healing prowess of the wonderful insect cannot be quantified.  “There are different types of honey. The bitter honey is highly medicinal and there is no disease it cannot treat, blood pressure, diabetes even cancer and skin rashes.

    “With honey it can assist against ageing, it can also   be used for preservatives. That is why the old Egyptians usually used honey to embalm their dead bodies.   It is rich in propolis that is good for preservation. It also contains a royal jelly which can be combined with other things and used for fertility drug and impotence.”

    He explained that “Through articulated and methodological approach to honey product, a lot of sickness can be cured. Honey can cure some diseases that cannot be emphatically or scientifically proved.”

    Given credence to the medicinal efficacy of bee products Prof. Siyanbola said that beeswax is used in food processing industries as an additive and a common ingredient in chewing gum adding that skin care and cosmetic industry are using it in making lips and gloss balm.

    The researcher said bee glue is used as antibiotic and anti -fungal agent in the pharmaceutical industries while in natural medicine it is used to treat inflammations, viral disease, ulcers skin burns and scalds.

    Challenges

    For honey to flow, beekeepers   according to Ojeleye should be able to maintain a high standard and produce in a hygienic environment that will attract good final product.

    Dr Akinwande pointed out that government is only looking at beekeeping in terms of honey production, but not realizing that the disappearance of bees will lead to low production in other crops, adding that bees are the most pollinator of other crops.

    In his own view Siyanbola pointed out that for honey to flow there must be synergy between the beekeepers, government, industry academia and the environment to achieve the best desired end.

    According to him such, constraints like biological and man -made, like increase of flowerless landscapes, use of pesticides, inadequate bees nests, bees aggressiveness, theft by man, bush burning, bee swarming and absconding disease and predators could be collectively tackled by all stakeholders.

    To Ambassador   Nurudeen, poor colony establishment and management, poor harvesting method, hives vandalism, bush burning and  the infestation of hive beetles and wax moth could be tackled through a synergy among MDAs, bee hunters, academia and all the stakeholders.

    Ojeleye capped it all with a call to the government to establish a National Bee Research Institute, a strong and functional cooperative society to enhance community based beekeeping and a need for a good advocacy among agricultural stakeholders on the importance of bees.

  • Regular intake of smoke will lead to chronic lung diseases – medical expert

    Dr Ejike Oji, a medical practitioner and chairman, Association for the Advancement of Family Planning and CSO, Focal Point for Nigeria on Family Planning 2020 Initiative, speaks on the grave health implications of continually inhaling fumes from such dumpsite.

    The fumes at Olusosun Dumpsite have been on for well two weeks now; what is the health implication for people living or working in the area?

    Naturally, dumpsites should be located far away from where people live because of the environmental hazards. First, there are the bio-hazards, which may be a result of improperly disposed hospital materials; but the one that is more worrisome are the dangers of Zoonotic diseases such as Ebola and Lassa fever. However, the spectacle of a burning dumpsite is another level of exposure, as people living or working within the area would be exposed to a lot of what we call occupational health diseases such as chronic bronchitis. And for people who have allergy or are sufferers of asthma could be susceptible to constant attacks. You may well know that asthma within ten minutes can kill a man.

    Also, if people inhale the smoke over a long period of time, it will damage their lungs. They will have pulmonary fibrosis disease, which is a lifelong debilitating disease of the lungs.

    Some of the workers and traders spoken to in the area said all they needed do was get home and take drugs to cleanse their system; some even said they would take lime. Are there really any such drugs?

    Nothing of the sort. The people are joking. They are joking with their lives. The only thing that can help them is to wear the appropriate face mask. And I don’t mean ordinary mask or just any mask; but in the absence of the appropriate mask, an ordinary mask is better than wearing nothing at all. So anyone who has to stay or work there for a long time should wear the proper mask to filter the dirty air.

    Don’t you think the idea of going home to take drugs could be another potential dangerous habit for drug abuse?

    Of course anything that can make you take drugs that are not prescribed is an abuse. Besides, some of those drugs they are taking may be harmful or have sedative effects, and could in the end become addictive. Even if the people eventually move out of the area, or the situation is finally arrested, the addiction may have set in, leading to lifelong health issues.

    Lagos State government last week issued a directive that people working and living around the dumpsite should vacate the place temporarily until the fire and smoke is put out. Does that sound like a solution?

    I don’t think that is the right step to take. If they want to take that kind of decision, assuming it is the only place they can use as dumpsite, they should call a town hall meeting and explain things properly and also offer alternative sites for the people to move to.

    There is this argument that the dumpsite preceded the people to the area, that it was far outside town until people started moving in to build houses and offices.

    If the dumpsite preceded the people and development has now come to the place, it is the responsibility of the government to relocate the dumpsite to a distant place. In a normal clime, where the government is sensitive, once they see that development has come near a dumpsite, they relocate the dumpsite. Besides, is it not the government that gave allocation and approvals for the buildings in the area? Except if they are saying the buildings there are illegal. Also, I think part of the problem is population expansion and this is why the people must avail themselves of adequate Family Planning methods, so that people only get pregnant when they want and cases of bloated population is curtailed. Based on available indices, Nigeria, by 2040 is expected become the third most populated country in the world and that is why we are advocating for increase in access to family planning services for our women. As we speak, the federal government is leading the way, having recently made a commitment at the London Summit that the nation will attain a CPR of 27 percent modern methods. It also made a commitment of $10m towards this target; but the states are not showing the same commitment, which is worrisome. On this, I think I should commend the Lagos State government. They are a listening government and Lagos is one of the few states in the country that have done well in increasing Family Planning Services across board. This is why I believe they will do something about this dumpsite dilemma.

    Lastly, what do you think should be done about schools, I mean high-profile schools, within the vicinity?

    The important question is, were the sites approved for schools? You may be tempted to answer in the positive simply because the schools are high profile schools, but it will surprise you that it is the so-called big people that break the law. Poor people break laws out of ignorance, but big people break the law out of impunity, believing they can get away with it. But aside health, there is the debilitating effect on the pupils’ sense of aesthetics. They may grow up imbibing the culture that it is alright to have such ugly dumpsites near beautiful buildings and schools. To answer your question directly, I think there is only one solution: relocate the school or the dumpsite.

  • OLUSOSUN Lagos in the throes of deadly fumes

    The rains, last week, apparently came at the right time for residents and workers around Olusosun landfill/dumpsite. For weeks, thick dangerous fumes, resulting from a fire on the massive dump had enveloped the atmosphere, causing major health concern and panic in nearby highbrow Magodo Estate, Ikosi and as far as Ketu, Mile-12. Gboyega Alaka reports. 

    Even before the dump at Olusosun in Ojota area of Lagos caught fire a fortnight ago week, the air in and around the area has always been thick, foul and suspect. The only way you could walk or drive past without feeling it was if you had your car glass wound up. The respite was that the air was clear and the people felt they could deal with the smell. However, it has been a different story in the last two weeks plus. A fire that broke out on the dump early last month, causing thick poisonous fumes to rent the air, has simply refused to be put out. Despite days of headlong battle by men of the Lagos State Fire Service, it just seemed to hibernate under the rubbish and re-erupt in thick smoke that has now literally taken over the airspace and held the people captive. Workers and residents in the area testify to the efforts of the fire fighters, but regret that they may have given up, as they have stopped coming, despite the fact that the smoke keep erupting.

    Tales from far-away land

    Suddenly, it just seems like tales of foggy air and smog, which always sounded like tales from far-away lands, have come to dwell with us. Driving through the thick smoky Ojota highway, one may be tempted to think he was driving on a Beijing street, or perhaps in New Delhi, or Moscow; as visibility at a point got as low as 10 percent and vehicles had to slow down considerably. For passengers who didn’t have the luxury of air-conditioned cars or a choice of winding up their vehicle glasses, it was a taste of hell; and worse for those who got caught up in the regular heavy traffic on the axis.

    When this reporter met Lekan, an electrician on CMD Road, right opposite the smoking dump, he was reclining on a wooden bench, his nose and mouth, covered with a face mask. That has always been his work station for years, where potential clients in the neighbourhood contact him for jobs, hence he always has to come out there every day, excluding Sundays. However, since the huge dump opposite caught fire and has been emitting thick, poisonous smoke, he knew he had to do something, if he does not want to die or pick up some deadly health condition.

    “I had to go and get this nose cover, when I realised I could not just continue inhaling the horrible smoke. Please tell the governor that what we are going through here is unbearable. Tell him the fire fighters have stopped coming to fight the fire, even though the smoke is still coming out strong.” He said.

    Lekan may have taken a precaution, at least, within his ability, but Oladokun Mufutau and Adegoke – two National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW), though admitting the horrible air they’ve had to put up with for days, said they do not have money to purchase any face mask. Even though the former was met devouring a robust meal of Eba and egusi soup, garnished with assorted meat, he insisted that it is the responsibility of the state government to supply them with the nose cover, more especially since the problem was caused by negligence from its dump.

    Mufutau lamented that coming to work and even staying out to work has been really hard and horrible. But as much as he fears for his health, he said the alternative for him is to stay away and lose his slot (job) to someone else. “And that,” he says, “is unthinkable.”

    His colleague, Adegoke simply dismissed the situation, saying “When we get home, we take drugs to clear our system.”

    A passenger, who identified himself as Prophet Salawu, and who said he had been sitting in the bus for about fifteen minutes, however said he wasn’t feeling threatened by the smoke. He had been in Lagos for two weeks, but lived in Ibadan. He was actually headed back to Ibadan on this occasion and does not think the little time he was spending at the park could jeopardise his health.

    Good for him, perhaps; but not so for the security men stationed at the numerous banks on CMD Road.  While the bank workers and customers could enjoy the safety of air-conditioned offices, they, pitiably, must remain outside, doing their job – albeit at a dangerous price.

    One of them stationed at the entrance gate of Diamond Bank (CMD Road) rudely asked, “What do you want me to do?” And when asked why he was not wearing a face mask, his reply was “Oga forget that one.”

    However, at the First Bank security post, the men confessed that the management had provided them with face masks, although none was wearing it at the time of this reporter’s visit. They said the ones they had had worn out and needed fresh supplies, which hadn’t come.

    When reminded of the state government’s directive for people working or living within the area to vacate the space for some time, the men simply turned away. Interview ended. Was that a stupid question? Or was it the directive that just didn’t sit well?

    Moving further towards the pedestrian bridge, this reporter came across a section of women fruit sellers. Their location appeared closer to the dump, making them more susceptible to the danger. But while one may be tempted to dismiss them as ignorant, they displayed amazing knowledge of the situation and danger in the air. Iya Sidi (not real name, who sold cherry popularly called agbalumo in Yoruba and udala in Igbo) said she was fully aware of the danger in the air but had no choice.

    Her words: “The smoke is a real danger. It actually worries me a lot and I have recently started having pains in my chest; so what I do now is get home and drink lime to wash my chest and neutralise the effect.”

    To emphasise the danger posed by the smoke, Iya Sidi narrated the story of an asthmatic girl who nearly choked to death on account of the smoke. “Two days ago, a young girl, who was obviously asthmatic, was passing by. Although she covered her nose and was trying to get by as quickly as possible, she suddenly began to choke and ran to me requesting for water. Believe me, it was only God and through the help of passers-by that she survived.”

    Iya Sidi’s story was corroborated by a fellow cherry seller, who said she has started having chest pain, while another, a banana seller, said she had recently developed cough and has had to purchase cough medicine to deal with it.

    When asked why they weren’t wearing the protective mask, the women said they would appreciate it if the government distributes the mask to them. They would however appreciate it more if the government could put out the smoke permanently.

    More people embracing face masks

    Like Lekan, the electrician, more people, though still negligible, seem to be employing the use of the face mask. A security man on the pedestrian bridge, who was sighted wearing one, said he was forced to get it because he had to stay at his post and could not afford to permanently put up with the poisonous smoke.

    Further down and right in front of the dump, two young men, Tunde and Emmanuel were sighted emerging from the thick smoke in the horizon. They are auto mechanics, they said, with workshop located beside the dump, but have been suddenly rendered idle due to the state government’s directive for residents and businesses around the dump to vacate the area temporarily.

    Said Tunde, “The implication of the directive, though in our interest, is that we have been rendered jobless until further notice. Without work, how do we make money to feed?”

    However, a lot of people could still be seen moving about, eating, chatting or simply lounging right outside the dump and the neighbouring LAGBUS compound, as if nothing was amiss. A lady at a mobile accessory store at the nearby 7Up Bus stop would not be drawn into any conversation about the dump. She perfunctorily dismissed this reporter’s questions about the effect of the smoke. She however admitted having the face mask but said: “I don’t feel comfortable wearing it.”

    At the LAGBUS premises, the attitude was the same. Even though the situation here was as bad as sitting right in the dump itself, none of the uniformed security officers on site was wearing a face mask. When asked why they were not taking precautions, a gentleman, said to be the most senior around shocked this reporter by saying the situation wasn’t so bad. He said the fumes had gone down compared to what obtained a few days earlier, basically trying to trivialise the situation.

    When countered that their location was as bad as it could get, he said they all had face masks provided by the government and promptly ordered all staff on ground to get them. Whether there was any truth in his claim or not, this reporter did not wait to confirm. It was not an atmosphere to revel in.

    The effect is strong even in Ketu, Mile 12

    “If the government is ordering people to vacate the affected vicinities, then they must be prepared to resettle people as far as Ketu – Mile 12.” This was the view of Olu, a resident of Mile 12, while reacting to the government’s directive to relocate. Olu, who was sighted at a nearby snacks shop on CMD Road, said the situation, to say the least, is “unpalatable and unhealthy.”

    He wondered why the Lagos State government could be allowing such a situation right in the centre of town. “Something should be done, and urgently too. I stay around Mile 12 area and the smoke is very strong there. As a result, we are forced to close our windows even in broad daylight. At night the smoke gets thicker and visibility gets poorer, probably next to zero.”