Tag: scientists

  • Scientists working hard to find HIV cure – Don

    Prof. Ravindra Gupta, Professor of Clinical Microbiology, University College, London, yesterday said there was hope for HIV cure in the near future.

    Gupta, who said this in an interview with News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Abuja, noted that scientists all over the world were working hard to find a cure for HIV.

    The professor, who boldly spoke on the remission discovery of HIV through stem cell transplant, stressed that though it was a very challenging procedure, it was successful.

    “We were able to demonstrate remission on the second case till date through a similar approach to the Berlin patient, but there were some important differences.

    “We had a HIV positive individual who also had cancer and would require a transplant because the chemotherapy for this cancer was not successful, so the last option for this patient was to have a stem cell transplant.

    “Fortunately in Europe we were able to find a donor who matched this patient, we were also able to find the patient a donor who had a deletion in the CCR5 protein. Cysteine-Cysteine Chemokine Receptor 5, a protein on the surface of certain immune system cells.

    “This was again similar to what had been achieved on the Berlin patient and of course the CCR5 protein is critical for virus entry so that the virus cannot survive without it,” he said.

    Gupta further explained that there was another case of kidney transplant between HIV to HIV positive persons which was also successful.

    “They were both HIV infected, the problem has been HIV positive people cannot donate organs; but this is an example where somebody with HIV could donate an organ because they have a tissue match and are compatible.

    “It was a nice success story, that HIV was not a barrier to donating organs.

    “The procedure was very technical and it was very aggressive. It was complicated but it looks to be successful so far.

    “This case has given a lot of encouragement to researchers in different areas, in different countries to really go for it now.

    “Because they have seen that it has been done twice, there is a lot of momentum. We can see public support behind it. The science is going to be pushed quite forward,” he added.

    Gupta, however, noted that when a person was in remission for HIV, the person was free and did not require HIV drugs.

  • New findings rubbishes ‘No sex better athlete’ Claims

     

    Avoiding sex does not improve athletic performance, scientists have claimed, insisting that the routine popular among some sporting greats has no scientific basis.

    Muhammad Ali used to abstain from sex before his fights and players on England’s 2010 World Cup side were banned from sleeping with their wives.

    But these rituals may have no scientific basis, according to a small study comparing men’s fitness after sex or no sex. While orgasms were found to reduce blood pressure this did not affect athleticism

    Researchers led by Georgia State University tested the physical performance of eight people, one of them a woman, to work out whether sex affected them.

    During the tests they had to work out to get their heart rate up to 170 beats per minute, do as many push-ups as they could, do a vertical jump and a grip strength test, and test their reaction times.

    They were examined after they had an orgasm during sex the night before, had no sex the night before, or did yoga the night before.

    ‘Our findings show no significant changes in various measures of physical exercise performance following sexual intercourse 7.6 hours before physical exercise,’ the scientists said.

    Muhammad Ali, one of the greatest boxers in history, was said to avoid sex for six weeks before a big fight.

    Other fighters including Lennox Lewis, Mike Tyson and Manny Pacquiao are also believed to have endured dry spells before stepping into the ring.

    And in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, England manager Fabio Capello famously told his team they must resist their wives and girlfriends and save their energy for the pitch.

    Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola, however, has the opposite philosophy and encourages his players to be active between the sheets.

    He said: ‘It’s impossible to play good football if you don’t [have] sex with your partner,’ The Telegraph reported in 2016.’I would never ban that. If you are doing it… better players.’

    The scientific study said athletes may avoid sex in the hope of saving their strength and energy, and to help them keep a ‘game face’.

    But the results, published in the journal Sexual Medicine, showed performance didn’t improve after abstinence.

     

     

     

  • ‘Nigerian scientists confirm power of Jobelyn’

    The Chief Executive Officer of Health Forever Product Limited, Ikeja, Lagos, producer of the natural dietary supplement, Jobelyn, Otunba Olajuwon Okubena answers the question.

    Arthritis is a group of conditions involving damage to the joints of the body. Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in people older than fifty-five years.

    There are different forms of arthritis; each having different causes. The most common form of arthritis, osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) is a result of trauma to the joint, infection of the joint, or age. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormal anatomy might contribute to the early development of osteoarthritis.  Other arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, autoimmune diseases in which the body attacks itself.

    Medical doctors believe there is no cure for arthritis, and so they prescribe treatments that will lessen the pains and discomfort arising from it. Tylenol, aspirin, and ibuprofen are but a few of the non-prescription drugs that the doctor may recommend. Others may include cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, steroids, and anti-biologics. Surgery is an option is some instances. But what physicians recommend most are effective pain-lessening treatments for arthritis.

    Scientists from Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, led by Dr Solomon Mukoro in a recent animal model in vivo study, postulated that Jobelyn has the potential to treat Rheumatoid Arthritis in human.

    In a recent article published in the journal “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy”  (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.098),  it was reported that Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the physical and psycho-social well being of the patients and a major cause of work disability. Current drugs for its treatment only provide palliative effect, as cure for the disease still remains elusive. Jobelyn, a potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplement obtained from Sorghum bicolor, has been claimed to relieve arthritic pain.

    Thus, this study was designed to evaluate its effect on inflammatory and biochemical changes as well as neurobehavioural deficits associated with complete Freund-adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in mice. The effect of Jobelyn on inflammatory oedema, neuro-behavioural deficits, levels of bio-markers of oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6) was evaluated in male Swiss mice.

    Oral administration of Jobelyn reduced inflammatory paw volume and reversed sensori motor deficits induced by CFA. Jobelyn also reduced pain episodes, anxiety and depressive-like symptoms in CFA-mice. The increased level of oxidative stress in the joint and brain tissues of CFA mice was reduced by Jobelyn. It also decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels induced by CFA in the joint tissue of mice.

    According to the scientists these findings suggest that Jobelyn attenuates inflammatory responses induced by CFA in mice via inhibition of oxidative stress and release of inflammatory cytokines. The ability of Jobelyn to attenuate CFA-induced nociception, sensori motor deficits and depressive-like symptom suggests it might improve the quality of life of patients with arthritic conditions.

    The full research paper could be accessed at:https://www.afritrado medic.com/pdf/Jobelyn% C2%AE%20attenuates%20 inflammatory%20 responses%20Freund-adjuvant-induced%20 arthritis%20 in%20mice.pdf

    In an earlier study published in https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.098 (De Gruyter), the authors in article titled Jobelyn exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and membrane-stabilizing activities in experimental models, the authors stated that Jobelyn is an African sorghum-based food supplement claimed to be efficacious for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

    Although in vitro studies confirmed its anti-inflammatory property, no study had shown the effect of Jobelyn using in vivo animal models of inflammation. Thus, its effects on acute and chronic inflammation in rats were evaluated in this study. Its effect on rat red blood cell (RBC) lysis was also assessed.

    The results of the experiment confirmed that given orally, Jobelyn produced a significant inhibition of acute inflammation induced by carrageenan in rats. It reduced the volume and number of leukocytes in inflammatory fluid in the granuloma air pouch model of chronic inflammation. It further decreased the levels of MDA in the fluid suggesting antioxidant property. Jobelyn elevated the concentrations of GSH in inflammatory exudates, indicating free radical scavenging activity. It also significantly inhibited RBC lysis caused by hypotonic medium, suggesting membrane-stabilizing property.

    The authors concluded that Jobelyn has in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, which may be related to its antioxidant and membrane stabilising properties, supporting its use for the treatment of arthritic disorder.

    The full length paper could be accessed at:

    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277409295_ Jobelyn_exhibited_anti-inflammatory_ antioxidant_and_membrane-stabilizing_ activities_in_experi-mental_ models.

    Having now proven the potential of Jobelyn to cure rheumatoid arthritis in animal model, the scientists have offered the product for human clinical trials, which when successfully done would place the product on the world map as the first of its kind in the natural product category to provide the much needed medication to help the millions of sufferers from this disease. Human and animal trials published in reputable journals have confirmed the safety of the product.

    An old adage says that prevention is better than cure. Medical doctors believe there is no cure for arthritis, and so they prescribe treatments that will lessen the pain and discomfort of arthritis.

    Natural medicine practitioners believe there is no disease without cure, arthritis not exempted. There abound several testimonies of patients, who have used methods other than the strict orthodox to cure themselves of arthritis. A woman cured herself of arthritis following the following steps:

    “I got rid of my arthritis by radically changing my diet. I tell people with arthritis that if you want to get rid of it, you have to give up everything enjoyable except sex. I spent three weeks on the diet. I bought an electric juice extractor and for the first three days the only food I consumed was freshly extracted fruit juice and vegetable juice. I drank the juice five or six times a day, a couple of glasses at a time, or whatever I felt comfortable with. I also drank peppermint tea and rain water.

    “You must drink the juice as soon as you extract it – don’t keep it in the fridge for later, and don’t use juice bought from a supermarket. After three days you continue with the juice every day, but additionally you start eating raw fruit, raw vegetables and raw nuts in quantities you’re comfortable with – graze throughout the day rather than sit down to three meals.

    “Herb tea and rain water are the only drinks allowed – I drank Peppermint tea and still do. The emphasis is on fresh raw food and juices – nothing is to be cooked. You can’t add anything to the food either, such as salt, sugar, sauce, but you can use herbs to flavour the raw vegetables. Alcohol and caffeine are strictly forbidden. In fact, everything is strictly forbidden except fresh fruit juice and vegetable juice, whole fresh raw fruit and vegetable, raw nuts, herb tea and rain water. The distilled water you can buy in supermarkets would probably be okay too, but town water that’s chlorinated is definitely out,”she said.

    “The purpose of this diet is to flush the toxins out of your body, particularly uric acid. Uric acid, as doctors know, is a bad inflammatory agent that deposits itself as crystals in the joints and in places of injury in the body. It helps to cause the pain, inflammation and swelling associated with arthritis.

    Doctors prescribe drugs to combat the effects of uric acid, but a far more effective way is to flush it out of your system so that it can’t cause problems. Uric acid is one of the many toxic by-products produced from food during the digestive process. On the typical western diet there is such an over-abundance of these toxins produced within the body that the organs can’t cope with the excessive workload, and the toxins build up to the point where they can start causing problems.

    The idea is to change over to an easily digestible diet that produces a minimum amount of toxic by-products. The eliminative organs of the body can easily cope with the greatly reduced workload, and also clear out the backlog of accumulated toxins.

    “As the toxins were cleared from my body my pain and swelling reduced progressively until after about two weeks I was about 80 per cent clear of pain and I stopped the anti-inflammatory drugs.

    “After three weeks I was totally clear of all symptoms of arthritis – no pain, no swelling – nothing. As a long term maintenance programme you can go on to a 75/25 diet, i.e. each meal must contain at least, 75 per cent good foods and no more than 25 per cent bad foods. Good foods are all those included in the three week diet. Bad foods are all other foods.

    “If you really want to maintain optimal health, eat raw fruit, raw vegetables, and raw nuts as your only food for the rest of your life. If you are to prevent arthritis from destroying your life you must refrain from processed foods and other acid forming foods. Normally, a healthy diet should be 70 per cent alkaline and 30 per cent  acidic.  Alkaline foods are typically foods which are still in their natural state (raw and fresh). And acidic foods are typically foods which have been altered through processing, frying, and high-fat cooking.

    “Therefore, instead of eating acidic foods (cooked and processed), you should be eating mostly raw, fresh vegetables and fruits. They are rich in antioxidants which neutralize free radicals that are responsible for inflammation, arthritis and pains. Also, reducing the consumption of meat can also be helpful against arthritis. By eating less meat and more fresh fruits and vegetables, one would be allowing your body to receive more nutrients and keep your acidic levels low. The  result of your new diet could change the pain and inflammation affecting your arthritic joints.

    Some years ago, a middle aged woman was escorted to my office by a friend to seek solution for her arthritis problem. It was a big problem for her to even sit down on the chair. She wasted no time in narrating her story. “My grandmother died of arthritis complications, my mother is on wheel chair at home, and having lost the ability to move about and here I am at the verge of completely breaking down for the same dreadful arthritis. We have exhausted all prescribed medications. Is there any hope?”  I recommended that she should take three capsules of Jobelyn, three times daily and drink lots of water, minimum of 3 to five litres daily. “Is that all?, she said. I had to offer her a refund for the purchase of this product if after one month of treatment; her condition did not improve considerably.  Her return before the end of the month was to give testimony and introduce two other friends going through the pains and agony of arthritis.

    In my excitement, I informed my friend, Dr. David Abia-Okon (a surgeon) of my new discovery for Jobelyn. Though he is a fanatical believer in Jobelyn but he confines his use of Jobelyn to the treatment of Anaemia, Sickle-Cell Anaemia and Stroke, he refused to embrace the idea of Jobelyn being capable of tackling the problem of Arthritis. The only way to convince him was through scientific evidence. In spite of the test-tube experiments

  • College inducts medical lab scientists

    The College of Medicine of the University of Lagos (CMUL), Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) , Idi-Araba on Thursday celebrated its third induction and award ceremony.

    Balogun Kehinde, the best graduating student with a Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) of 4.80 said his success was simply God and hard work.

    The acting registrar, Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria (MLSCN), Mr Tosan Erhabor represented by the Director planning research and statistics MLSCN, Mrs. Stella Udoh told the inductees that the exercise represented a significant milestone as they move to the next phase of their careers.

    He warned them to observe their internship before taking up national service.

    “On no account should any of you attempt to commence the National Youth Service without first completing your internship or attempt to repeat internship because of pecuniary gains.  Let me also add that based on the collaboration between the Council and the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC), you are expected to report to the orientation camp with a Licence to practice as a Medical Laboratory Scientist and not with the Provisional Licence that was issued for your internship programme, otherwise you would not be allowed into the camp,” he said.

    The registrar also urged them to eschew all forms of professional misconduct, to avoid bringing disrepute to the profession their cherished family name, and their alma mater.

    “The next phase would see you being taken more seriously by those you will come across either professionally or in your personal lives. Professionally, you are more likely to be held accountable for the decisions you make in respect of lives entrusted in your care,” he said.

    Prof Afolabi Lesi, provost CMUL, enjoined the graduates to be men and women of integrity committed to their profession and to remember all they have been taught.

    Lesi told them that in order to break new grounds and develop the health care system in Nigeria, they have to work closely with their other colleagues from other disciplines.

    “I urge you to continue seeking for knowledge and work closely with your colleagues from other disciplines, to break new grounds and develop the health care system in Nigeria. No one is an island and no profession can do it alone.

    “You can learn from anybody and you can even learn from inanimate object just as Isaac Newton got the idea and propounded the law of gravity from a falling apple”.

    Head of department MLS, Dr. Kolawole Oyedeji counseled the inductees to keep on learning so as to stay young, quoting Henry Ford “anyone who stops learning is old, whether at 20 or 80, but anyone who

    keep learning stays young”.

    He congratulated parents for their effort and commitment towards their children.

  • Scientists record breakthrough in cancer war

    SCIENTISTS at Stanford University in the United States have raised hopes that the war against all forms of cancer may soon be won, following the result of an amazing experiment using mice. The scientists found that by injecting directly a combination of two immune boosters into solid mouse tumours, all traces of the specifically targeted cancer vanished, according to the research paper published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

    “When we use these two agents together, we see the elimination of tumours all over the body,” Ronald Levy, senior author of the study told the Stanford Medicine News Centre. Levy hailed the result as “amazing.” The researcher believed the local application of very small amounts of the agents could serve as a rapid and relatively inexpensive cancer therapy that is unlikely to cause the adverse side effects often seen with body-wide immune stimulation.

    “This approach bypasses the need to identify tumour-specific immune targets and doesn’t require whole sale activation of the immune system or customisation of a patient’s immune cells,” the professor said. The “vaccine” has shown results in mice bearing lymphoma, breast, colon and melanoma tumours. “I don’t think there’s a limit to the type of tumour we could potentially treat, as long as it has been infiltrated by the immune system,” Levy said. Of the two immune agents used in the study, one has already been approved for use in humans, and the second is currently involved in a lymphoma treatment trial.

  • Scientists use microbes to convert human waste into space food

    Scientists use microbes to convert human waste into space food

    Scientists have found a potential food source for astronauts, using microbes to convert human waste into Marmite-like food, local media reported.

    This is contained in their study published in the quarterly scientific journal Life Sciences in Space Research by Professor of Geosciences, Christopher House and Director of the Penn State Astrobiology Research Centre.

    Read Also: Scientists: Puberty age now begins from 10-24

    According to British online newspaper, The Independent, researchers at Pennsylvania State University outlined a method to break down solid and liquid waste for producing protein and fat-rich substance from human waste.

    “We envisioned and tested the concept of simultaneously treating astronauts’ waste with microbes while producing a biomass that is edible either directly or indirectly, depending on safety concerns,” they said.

    “It’s a little strange, but the concept would be a little bit like Marmite or Vegemite, where you’re eating a smear of microbial goo,” the professor added.

    Food supply is a major hurdle when planning lengthy space flights.

    Recycling waste into nutritious food is one solution to this problem.

    According to House and his colleagues, the method involves anaerobic digestion, a process that refers to the breakdown of materials in the absence of oxygen.

    It is considered an efficient way of breaking down biodegradable matter.

    The researcher said while their method is not ready for application yet, it provides a new model for creating food on board spacecraft.

    “Imagine if someone were to fine-tune our system so that you could get 85 per cent of the carbon and nitrogen back from waste into protein without having to use hydroponics or artificial light,” said House.

    Xinhua/NAN

  • Scientists: Puberty age now begins from 10-24

    Scientists: Puberty age now begins from 10-24

    A group of scientists is suggesting a reset for the puberty age or the age of adolescence from 9-14 for girls and 12-16 for boys to 10-24 for all the genders.

    The scientists made the suggestion after studying adolescent health for many years.

    Writing in the Lancet Child and Adolescent Health journal, doctors from the Royal Victoria Hospital in Melbourne, Australia suggested broader adolescent years due to biological and societal changes in youths.

    According to the research, earlier puberty has accelerated the onset of adolescence in nearly all populations.

    For example, in industrialised countries such as Britain, the average age for a girl’s first menstruation has dropped by four years in the past 150 years, according to a BBC news report.

    At the other end of the spectrum, reaching the age of 19, in effect, does not mark the end of one’s adolescent years.

    “Although many adult legal privileges start at age 18 years, the adoption of adult roles and responsibilities generally occurs later,” said the Lancet opinion piece.

    The authors said delayed completion of education, marriage, and parenthood all contribute to shifting popular perception of when adulthood begins.

    Also underpinning the theory are biological reasons: Brain continues to change and mature until a person reaches their mid-20s or even later, according to the article.

    Thus, the research calls for an expanded and more inclusive definition of adolescence, which, according to the authors, is essential for developmentally appropriate framing of laws, social policies, and service systems.

     

  • Material scientists meet in Abuja

    The 2017 special lecture of the Material Science and Technology Society of Nigeria (MSN) will hold next Thursday at RMRDC Auditorium in Maitama, Abuja. The event organised in collaboration with Raw Materials Research and Development Council (RMRDC) and Pan-African Materials Institute (PAMI).

    Six prominent scholars and academics are expected to speak on contemporary research and developments on the field of material science. The facilitators are led by Executive Vice-Chairman of National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI), Prof M.S. Haruna, who is expected to speak on Materials in artificial intelligence development.

    Others speakers are Executive Director of Rubber Research Institute in Edo State, Dr A.I. Aigbodion, Prof P.B. Onaji of the Moddibo Adama University of Technology (MAUTECH) in Yola, Adamawa State, Prof B.I. Imasogie of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Mr Isah Onobere of the Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited in Kogi State, and Prof Peter Kanu of the Florida State University in the United States.

    A statement by the MSN’s Public Relations Officer (PRO), Dr Baba Alafara, said tomorrow is the deadline for regular registration, after which participants would be made to pay additional N5,000 for the registration. It said certificates of participation would also be issued to attendees.

  • Fanta, Sprite: Scientists back govt on food preservatives

    Fanta, Sprite: Scientists back govt on food preservatives

    Food scientists and technologists have thrown their weight behind the Federal Government’s endorsement of Fanta and Sprite, two products of the Nigerian Bottling Company (NBC).

    In a statement in Lagos, the Nigerian Institute of Food Science and Technology (NIFST) said there was nothing to fear about the beverages, which a court held about two weeks, contained some chemicals harmful to health.

    The statement signed by NIFST  National President Dr. Dahiru Adamu and Vice President Oluwole Toye noted that the science of benzene formation from interaction between benzoic acid and ascorbic acid is based on the provision of specific conditions, such as presence of ultra violet light and high temperature of about 60 degrees Celsius.

    It said there were no reports that these two conditions were prevalent in the country.

    NIFST aligned with the Federal Ministry of Health which confirmed that benzoic acid is globally certified by the Codex Allimentarius Commission (CODEX) as a safe preservative used  in food and beverage products around the world.

    The statement reads: “NIFST also agrees that the Nigerian Industrial Standards for benzoic preservative for soft drinks is 250mg/kg and well within the international CODEX standard of 600mg/kg. That Nigeria and the United Kingdom (UK), just like every other country, are at liberty to set their national standards referencing the CODEX standard, taking into consideration their peculiar environmental and other realities.

    “That the results of tests carried out on the NBC products in question (Fanta and Sprite) by the UK Custom authorities in 2007 and the National Agency for Foods and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) in December 2016 showed that the products were in compliance with Nigeria’s regulatory standards for benzoic levels and are therefore safe for human consumption.”

    The institute, however, said, the controversy over the beverages provided an opportunity for debate and further exploration of the subject matter.

    It said it would raise a committee of experts to engage stakeholders on food safety in order to avert a recurrence of the controversy, which according to it, does not reflect the sound principles upon which established science is based.

     

     

  • Scientists trick immune system to combat cancer

    A vaccine that trains the body to fight cancers as though they were viruses has passed its first clinical test in three advanced patients.

    Scientists claim that the breakthrough is a strong basis to form a recommendation for a “universal” vaccine that could prime the immune system to eradicate cancer cells.

    The treatment works by persuading immune cells to fight the disease.  Particles of genetic code, in a virus-like structure, are injected into the bloodstream, where they are detected by dendritic blood cells, triggering an assault on tumours.

    A team in Germany, led by Ugur Sahin, tested the method on mice and then gave the vaccine in small but increasing doses to three patients with advanced melanoma. All three began massing T ells, the shock troops of the immune system, within weeks. One patient found that a chest tumour shrank significantly, while another remained stable in spite of eight metastases in the lungs. The third, who had had the metastases removed by surgery before vaccination has been tumour-free for seven months.

    The technique uses a genetic messenger molecule called RNA to hand the immune cells the blueprints for antigens, compounds on the surface of tumours that can mark them out from healthy cells. In theory bio-engineers should be able to load the vaccine with the code for the antigens from any cancer.

    Writing in the journal Nature, the scientists said that this wasthe first time a cancer vaccine based on these tiny particles had achieved its aim. Jolanda de Vries and Carl Figdor, cancer immunologists at Radboud University in the Netherlands, called for a larger, randomised trial to validate the findings.