Tag: violence

  • EU mission in Burundi reduces staff amid violence

    The EU mission in Burundi said it was temporarily reducing staff and pulling out foreign family members in the country due to rising risk of violence.

    EU Ambassador, Patrick Spirlet, who disclosed this on Friday in Nairobi, however, told newsmen that “the delegation will continue functioning normally.”

    He did not say how long the mission would operate with reduced staff.

    Similarly, The US embassy sent non-essential staff and staff family members away in May, but on Nov. 3, said they were returning.

    The embassy also warned U.S citizens against non-essential travel to Burundi.

    Burundi, which emerged from an ethnically-charged civil war in 2005, had been mired in a political crisis that sparked a failed coup, assassinations and other violence since April when President Pierre Nkurunziza said he would seek a third term.

    Nkurunziza was re-elected in July for another five years, a move the opposition described as violating the constitution and a peace deal that ended the nation’s 12-year civil war.

    It would be recalled that Burundi’s civil war that left 300,000 dead pitted rebel groups of the Hutu majority against the army which was at the time led by minority Tutsis.

  • CYNTHIA MORGAN- ‘My tattoo represents violence in music’

    CYNTHIA MORGAN- ‘My tattoo represents violence in music’

    You have been tagged sexy. What does this mean to you? I think sexy is that aura that you carry around you before people say it. It is what people see. First of all, you must be sexy inside before people recognise it. Though sexy is not my priority now, I try to be real as possible.

    Musically, how has it been for you?

    It has been great. I have been like six years in the game now and it has been work, work and work all through. We are getting there, despite that it is not easy for female artistes. But when people respect your talent and your style is different with faith in God, one will go places.   Professionally, I started when I was seventeen. I did my first collaboration with General Pype when I was seventeen years. I also featured alongside Jhybo when I was nineteen in 2009/2010. I am 22 now.

    So, what will you now say is your strong point?

    My strength lies in my sound and talent. You can’t have a brand and not have a sound and, either way, I think the two work hand in hand. My strength also lies in God because you could create something outstanding and people may not notice it without the favour of God. So, my strength lies in God, talent and brand.

    You sing dancehall. What inspires your kind of music?

    People say I do dancehall. I will say I listen to R&B, Pop, Jazz, Rap while growing up. My mum is a gospel artiste and growing up I was able to pick from different genres of music I listened to. I basically do everything but people notice that I do a lot of dancehall. So you can’t really box me into any particular genre of music. I personally created my genre of music. Every new material from me is a different kind of Cynthia Morgan and people have come to appreciate that. I always want to wow my fans because there is more to Cynthia Morgan.

    Who would you say influenced you early in life?

    My grandparents, my mum and my uncles. I grew up with my grandparents being an only child and I don’t have a father figure. I can say I inspire myself to an extent because I wanted to be different; a figure that people would say she is able to do this for herself despite that she didn’t have this or that. Life is what made me who I am today. My mum is also a strong figure in my life and my story of being raised by a single parent transcends to who I am today.

    Take music away, who is Cynthia Morgan?

    A young lady that is quiet and homely. Personally, I love to be with my family and care for people. I dream for a living. Fame has not changed anything in me.  I try to be humble, I still call my friends. I have been able to manage the two and not get caught into doing what I am not supposed to do. I believe in God and love to make people happy. I believe whatever you can dream, you can get.

    What inspired your songs Don’t break my heart and I’m taken?

    As a creative artiste, I get inspired with what is happening around me. When I am writing my songs, I concentrate on myself and my fans. Don’t break my heart is about me, to an extent. It’s a song that people do love because it connects with everybody. If you are in a relationship, the first thing that comes to your head is that ‘I don’t want this person to mess up’. ‘I don’t want to put my heart into it. I don’t want to do this, I don’t want to do that.’ It’s a common thing. But the depth in the song brought the whole message out. It’s about an African woman who is happily in love and who doesn’t want to be heart-broken. And with I’m taken, people think I am talking about relationship. I am saying I have been taken my fans. When you listen to the lyrics you will understand. I’m saying I’m in demand and I’m taken by my fans. It is good that people can relate it to other things.

    What inspired your recent raunchy photo shoots?

    Personally for an artiste, besides music, you have to be creative when it comes to your branding, your pictures, your performances and stage craft. Pictures are part of the things that brand an artiste. A lot of people say different kind of stuffs, but when you start something in Nigeria or in Africa, people start talking. We are in the 21st century and Nigeria is not like America. When I create a song, I can actually create the video in my head. So, it’s all about the craft and the branding. I wasn’t actually nude, I was wearing a tattoo and a pair of snickers. It’s just about being different and people are definitely going to talk. It’s part of the whole business. If they don’t talk, you don’t make money. So they just have to keep talking.

    You have a gun tattoo on your body, what does it mean to you?

    I am a fan of art and I am an artiste. It is all about creativity. I have a gun tattoo and I know that girls normally wear roses and heart tattoos, but I am a different kind of person because I am Cynthia Morgan which stands for being distinct. My tattoo represents violence in music; it’s just a symbol that confirms the image of a bad girl.

    Criticisms have trailed your skin bleaching. How do you feel?

    People who complain about my skin tone are clearly those who do not know me very well. I did not bleach my skin. One thing people fail to understand is that you cannot remain the same forever. The only constant thing is change.  I have grown into a beautiful woman.

    How will you describe your style?

    In as much as I try to be in vogue. I like to wear what I am comfortable in. My style is colourful and young.

    What fashion item is hot for you now?

    That will be shoes.

  • For the love of Jos violence victims

    For the love of Jos violence victims

    Lacking materials and cash, Jos University Teaching Hospital and Plateau State Specialists Hospital often struggle to cater for victims of violence. Now, N30m relief has come, reports YUSUFU AMINU IDEGU

     

     

    They are not just another pair of hospitals. Owned by the state government, their doors are always open to patients including victims of violence. Immediately, their staff get to work, trying their best to dull patients’ pain, stop bleeding and revive those fighting for their lives. But the hospitals often run into all sorts of problems, including lack of cash and life-saving materials.

    That is the lot of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and Plateau State Specialists Hospital.

    Help has come. A non-governmental organisation, Victim Support Fund or VSF has provided N30m to be split between them, N20 for teaching hospital, N10m for the specialist facility.

    The two major hospitals in Jos, the state capital, have been bearing the burden of providing medical care to victims of attacks.

    VSF noticed their efforts and challenges. Each time there were such attacks as car or suicide bombings, the hospitals quickly ran out of drugs and other consumables because of the huge number of casualties they treated. The hospital management often appealed to governments and private organisations to assist with necessary health facilities for saving life.

    It was on that note that the NGO sourced funds to assist the hospitals for the sake of victims of attacks. At the end of their search for funds, they came up with a whooping sum of thirty million naira to be donated to the hospitals. Hence,  the NGO came up to formally present the fund in aid of victims.

    But before the NGO made their presentations to the benefiting hospitals, the NGO had to sign a memorandum of understanding with managements of the hospitals so as not to divert the funds for other purposes other than purchasing medical facilities like drugs to be used on victims of insurgency.

    The Executive Director of the NGO, Prof. Sunday Ochoche made the donation to management of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and Plateau State Specialist Hospital. Of the N30 million, the NGO gave N20m to JUTH and gave N10m to Plateau Specialists Hospital.

    Mr. Ochoche said, “The donation is to compliment the efforts being made by hospitals which bear the most burden of caring for victims of insurgency and other related crisis in the country.

    He said, “Victims Support Fund is private sector-led, in conjunction with and support from government and other well meaning individuals. We have been to different hospitals providing care for crisis and insurgency victims in North East and other areas, the problems and challenges are enormous, we come in to show solidarity and to support in our own little way”

    “The organisation was set up when former president Goodluck Jonathan invited private sector to compliment government efforts following the intensity of attacks in 2014, so as to help alleviate the sufferings of victims, thus the Victims Support Fund Committee was formed under the chairmanship of T.Y. Danjuma who has been the largest individual contributor, haven donated 10 million dollars to VSF at its inception.

    Mr. Ochoche also said,“We have not supported private hospitals because the emphasis is to help build capacity and provide resources for these public institutions to be able to provide free medical care for victims, and we are providing support to help build capacity that will be available for public use. With the limited resources we have, we thought it will be more cost effective to put it in public institutions. Apart from Plateau State, we have provided support for other government hospitals in Borno, Adamawa, Gombe, Yobe and Abuja respectively.

    The fund was presented in cheque to management of the benefitting hospitals. The Chief medical directors of Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) Dr Edward Banwat received the cheque on behalf of the hospital while Dr. Joseph Golwa, Chief Medical Director of Plateau Hospital recited a cheque of N10,000 on behalf of the hospital. Both of the expressed appreciation for the support by VSF and promised that the funds will be used for what is it meant for and that, that will be judiciously utilised as agreed.

     

  • Agency seeks end to sexual violence

    Agency seeks end to sexual violence

    Activities to mark the International Domestic Violence Awareness Month kicked off last Thursday in Lagos State, with a call by Hon. Adedamola Kasunmu of the Lagos State House of Assembly, for increased effort to combat sexual and domestic violence in the state.

    Kasunmu, a member representing Ikeja II Constituency, made the call during a Domestic Walk and Street Campaign organised by the Lagos State Domestic and Sexual Violence Response Team (DSVRT) in partnership with the Lagos State House of Assembly and Ikeja Local Government, to commemorate the month.

    He told The Nation that the Lagos State House of Assembly and Ikeja Local Government are interested in the Domestic Walk and Street Campaign because “it’s a campaign against violence, against rape and all forms of sexual abuse, and it affects everyone; women, men, and children.”

    Kasunmu, who studied law at the University of Wolverhampton in the United Kingdom (UK), added: “Personally, I also feel that the protection of life is the constitutional duty of a legislator, as well as a public office holder, and, as stipulated in the 1999 constitution as amended, we must make sure that the rights of the Nigerian person are protected.”

    The commemoration was flagged off by street campaigns on Thursday morning that took place simultaneously in Ikeja, Lagos Island, Mushin and Alimosho. It featured participants from the Lagos State Ministry of Justice, Nigerian Union of Teachers, Civil Society Groups, and members of the public.

    The lawmaker also commended the office of the Lagos State Attorney-General on the issue of domestic violence.

    He said: “Since September 2014, we acknowledge that through this prestigious ministry, the facilitation of the ratifying of the executive order that established the sex offenders’ register and mandated reports policy came into existence.

    “Furthermore, over 2000 school students have been trained on rape prevention, self-defense and preserving evidence attached to this issue. Also trained are mandated reporters ranging from health officials to teachers, school administrators and social counselors dealing with child abuse and violence complaints.”

    Other events for the commemoration include training of Divisional Police Officers (DPO), which will hold on Friday, and will be facilitated by experts on the field on how to make use of the relevant laws and assist in improving capacity, as well as a visit to Shelter and Transit homes to interact with survivors.

    The training of the DPOs will be focused on increasing the level of awareness among users of the Prevention Against Domestic Violence Law, 2007, the Administration of Criminal Justice Law (ACJL), as well as the Criminal Law of Lagos State, 2011.

    It will also seek to prepare users of the relevant laws for the full implementation of the Laws by the Lagos State Judiciary and Ministry of Justice, while assistance will also be provided in improving the capacity of users of the Laws to implement the Law.

    Resource persons at the workshop are Mr. Akingbolahan Adeniran, Senior Special Assistant to the Vice President on Rule of Law, Professor Ayo Atsenuwa, Professor of Law, University of Lagos and Dr. Princess Oluyede.

    They will focus on topics such as, Process of obtaining Protection Orders under the Prevention Against Domestic Violence Law and Corroboration and Best practices for investigating Sexual and Gender Based Violence Cases.

    The commemoration of the International Domestic Violence Awareness Month will be rounded off with a Dinner/Endorsement to be hosted by Governor Akinwunmi Ambode of Lagos State, with members of the DSVRT and relevant stakeholders including traditional rulers, Judges of the Family Court, the Police, the media and market women in attendance.

    Stakeholders that have distinguished themselves in the fight against Domestic Violence will also be recognised.

     

  • Abuja blasts:  Buhari vows to end violent extremism

    Abuja blasts: Buhari vows to end violent extremism

    President Muhammadu Buhari on Saturday reiterated the determination of his administration to rid the country of  extremism and  eradicating violence.

    He made the remark while speaking in Abuja after receiving briefing from a fact-finding team he sent to the parts of the Federal Capital territory which came under terrorist bombings on Friday evening.

    According to him, for terrorism to be uprooted from the country, the society must be rid of violent extremism.

    “The defeat of Boko Haram insurgency is in sight but to remove violence and make the country safe, we must tackle the prevalence of violent extremism. In doing this, we will learn from the experience of the international community,” President Buhari assured.

    A statement issued by the Senior Special Assistant, Media and Publicity, Garba Shehu, quoted the President as directing the security services to raise their surveillance activities to meet the challenges of a retreating, desperate terrorist army and for the general public to remain acutely aware of security in and around them.

    He sympathized with  the families of the victims of the incidents as well as the families of the more than a hundred others who were killed in similar incidents a few days ago in Borno State.

    The fact-finding team visited the Kuje and Nyanya bombing sites and greeted victims of the incidents at the National Hospital and the Maitama General Hospital.

    They inspected the wards and mortuaries and consoled grieving family members on behalf of the President.

    The fact-finding team was made up of the Secretary to the Government of the Federation,Engr. Babachir David Lawal, the Chief of Staff, Malam Abba Kyari, the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Health and that of the Federal Capital Territory as well as the police commissioner in charge of the  FCT.

  • Two senior police officers deny violence in Rivers election

    Two senior policemen, an Area Commander (AC) and Divisional Police Officer (DPO), yesterday told the Rivers State governorship election tribunal that no incident of violence or malpractices were recorded during the Aprill 11 election in the state.

    Kenneth Akuke (an Assistant Commissioner of Police and the Area Commander, Bonny Area Command, Rivers State) and Uche Mike Chukwuma ( a Chief Superintendent of Police and DPO Borokiri Division, Ahoada East Local Government, Rivers State) testified before the tribunal yesterday in Abuja at the instance of the state governor, Nyesom Wike.

    The witnesses, who told the tribunal they played major roles during the election, said the exercise went well and peacefully because they provided maximum security and patrolled the areas their operations covered.

    The two witnesses brought to 13 the number of witnesses so far called by Wike in three out of the six days allocated to him by the tribunal.

    Some police officials earlier invited by the petitioners – the All Progressives Congress (APC) and its candidate in the election, Dakuku Peterside, had told the tribunal that the election was marred by violence and election materials theft.

    Although Akuke and Chukwuma claimed to have witnesses a peaceful election, devoid of any form of violence, they refused to read all the report by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) on the election, which contradicted the witnesses’ claim.

    When confronted with INEC’s report on the election in the areas the witnesses claimed to have witnessed peaceful election, they refused to read the reports on the ground that they did not author them.

    Akuke, who was Wike’s first witness yesterday, said his tour of duty on April 11 was in two phases.

    “I was charged with ensuring that adequate security was provided within my Area Command and to ensure the election was conducted freely, and that the DPOs under me should report incidents as they occurred, to me to beef up security in any Local Government where distress call came from.

    “I was also charged with going round and physically ensuring that security was in place throughout the duration of the election.

    “At about 7.30 am, I commenced my patrol with a visit to Khana LG, and proceeded to Gokana LG, and moved to Tai LG, before moving to Ogu/Bolo, Okrika and Eleme Local Government Areas, during the first phase of my patrol. That was between 7.30 and 11 am

    “I commenced my second phase of patrol at about 1.30 pm and I visited all the places I earlier visited. I was also in constant touch with my DPOs in Bonny, Finima and Andoni and Ogu/Bolo LGs

    “I was concerned with security. As I went round, at any polling unit I stopped, I called the most senior police officer and asked him what was the security situation, and they always say the area was calm and there was no threat to security.

    “During my second phase at around 1.30 to 2.00 pm, my officers on ground still reported that area was calm and that there was no threat, and I saw electorates, who were casting their votes, the area was calm.

    “Throughout my second phase of patrol, I did not witness any violence, area was calm,” Akuke, who was led in evidence by Wike’s lawyer, Emmanuel Ukala (SAN), said.

    When asked whether he saw soldiers during his patrol, Akuke said: “Yes I saw soldiers on patrol during my patrol. I saw soldiers in clusters, positioned at Local Government border areas. I never saw any Army patrol team.”

    Akuke, who was accused by a police officer, ASP Yusuf Bula (who had testified as Petitioners’ Witness number 50) of aiding hoodlums to rig election for Wike and his party, the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), denied such allegation.

    Under cross examination, petitioners’ lawyer, Akin Olujinmi confronted Akuke with several documents already in evidence before the tribunal, which contained showed that incidents of violence were recorded on the day of election.

    Akuke, who was portrayed by the petitioners’ lawyer as being more a politician than a policeman, said although he was was present at an APC rally in Okirika on February 17, 2015 which later turned violent, he said he was not part of the violence.

    “The Police officer shot dead during the Okirika rally was deployed from the police formation sponsored and financed by the state government. Code named – C4I – he was not from my command,” he said.

    Akuke also said he did not know why nobody has been arrested and prosecuted in relation to the killing.

    Chukwuma said he led the security team that provided security in Ahoada East Local Government during the election. He said the election was peaceful and that no incident of violence was brought to his knowledge.

    Under cross-examination, Chukwuma also declined to read reports of independent bodies, admitted in evidence by the tribunal, which indicated that violence affected the peaceful conduct of the election.

    Olujinmi also portrayed the witness as being sympathetic to the PDP, noting that he led a team of policemen that disrupted disrupted a planned rally by the APC before the election on January 3 this year.

    “On January 3, I was at the Operation Department, and we were asked to go to the College of Arts and Science, where there was going to be a rally.

    “We were to go and tell them not to hold the rally because it was going to cause breach of the peace. When we got there, the atmosphere, as I was briefed, I met a group of people.

    People were many. They could not hold the rally and I did not stop them. I did not tear gas Senator Magnus Abey that day. Tear gas was fired from inside the crowd,” Chukwuma said.

    When asked by Olujinmi whether he knew Rivers State was volatile, the witness said no. He siad he is an indigene of the state and that every Rivers indigene should be ashamed of accepting the claim that the state is volatile

    Further hearing continues today.

  • Seven killed in Rivers local govt’s renewed violence

    About seven persons have died in renewed killings in  Omoku and Obrikom communities in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area (ONELGA) of Rivers State.

    It was learnt violence erupted on Sunday, leading to the death of five persons. They were shot dead in Omoku, the headquarters of the local government. Two others were killed on Monday in Obrikom.

    The names of the five, who died in Omoku, could not be ascertained; those shot at Obrikom are Clement Nkweke and Chikaobi Johnson.

    Sources said  the gunmen were on operation “Point and Kill” and Nkweke was their main target.

    “But Johnson was killed in error because he was on the scene of the operation,” The Nation was told.

    The Chairman of ONELGA, Austin Ahiamadu, expressed dismay at the murder of innocent people, describing the renewed killings as “satanic, barbaric and senseless.”

    Ahiamadu, who said “there is no justification for anyone to kill his fellow human, no matter the level of provocation”, advised the perpetrators of the crime to desist from such wicked acts.

    He said the police was investigating. The council chief urged security agents to double their efforts in tackling crimes in the area and assured that his administration was partnering relevant stakeholders to ensure that violent crime was reduced.

    Police spokesman Ahmad Muhammad, a Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP), said: “I have been receiving calls on that, but the DPO has not given me a picture of what happened. So, I cannot comment on it yet.”

  • Year of Action to End Violence Against Children launched

    President Muhammadu Buhari has launched the Year of Action to End Violence Against Children in response to the high rate of violence revealed in the Nigeria Violence Against Children Survey, released last week.

    Millions of children suffer violence every year in Nigeria – approximately 6 out of every 10 children under the age of 18 years experience some form of physical, emotional and sexual violence before the age of 18 years, according to the Nigeria Violence Against Children Survey, carried out by the National Population Commission, with support from UNICEF and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

    Announcing the launch of the year-long campaign to end violence against children, the President said “This is a historic day, a day when Nigeria stands up and says to our children – we commit to protecting you from violence.”

    The survey found that one in two children experience physical violence; one in four girls and one in ten boys experience sexual violence; and one in six girls and one in five boys experience emotional violence. The majority of children do not tell anyone what has happened to them and fewer than five per cent receive the help they need to recover.

    “These findings are an urgent call to action not only for the Government, but also for civil society organisations, religious and traditional groups, the media, the private sector, communities, parents and families to come together to tackle violence against children,” the President added, pledging the full commitment of the Government of Nigeria during the campaign and beyond to tackle violence against children.

    To develop a robust response plan to the findings of the survey, the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development has brought together representatives from key Government Ministries, Departments and Agencies, as well as Civil Society and Faith Based Organisations.

    “The Government of Nigeria and its partners are to be congratulated on their commitment to end violence against children” noted UNICEF Nigeria Representative Jean Gough. “UNICEF will continue to support Nigeria in its efforts to ensure that children are protected from sexual, physical and emotional violence”.

    “We have made progress in this fight but much still remains to be done” added U.S. Embassy Chargé d’Affaires, ad interim, Maria E. Brewer. “All children must be protected from abuse, violence, exploitation and neglect.  Violence against children is never justified.  Violence is preventable.”

  • IGP orders clampdown on persons inciting violence

    IGP orders clampdown on persons inciting violence

    The Inspector General of Police (IGP), Mr Solomon Arase, has ordered an immediate clampdown on persons or group of persons inciting violence and social disorder across the country.

    This is contained in a statement issued by the Force Public Relations Officer, Olabisi Kolawole, acting Assistant Commissioner of Police, in Abuja on Thursday.

    The statement explained that the directive became imperative because of recent activities of members of the Movement for the Actualisation of Sovereign States of Biafra (MASSOB) and the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) in some parts of the country.

    It said that the order empowered the police to arrest anybody fomenting any act of violence or disorder, or any act inimical to the security of the nation.

    The statement said that the following arrests had been made ; Anambra four, Imo six, Delta11, and Abia one.

    It further warned that all persons so arrested for inciting violence, irrespective of their class or status in the society would be charged to court accordingly.

  • Way out of electoral violence

    Way out of electoral violence

    No doubt, election petitions are being attended to by the various Election Petition Tribunals. The impunity that was witnessed during the election has continued as the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is trying desperately to justify the rigging of many governorship and legislative elections. Apart from frustrating the inspection of election materials as ordered by the tribunals, INEC has been filing objections that are designed to frustrate the speedy dispensation of justice. As if that was not enough, INEC has urged the tribunals not to place any probative value on the use of card readers. As  there is no plan to prosecute the people who committed serious electoral offences the  Civil Society Legislative Advocacy Centre (CSLAC) deserves commendation for reminding the Nigerian people of the urgent need to revisit the orgy of violence that was witnessed during the 2015 general elections.

    The CSLAC and other civil society organisations should be more focused and vigilant more than ever before. While the various factions of the ruling class are fighting for a government of national unity that will be peopled by the representatives of all ethnic and religious groups the government should be reminded that the youths, women, workers, people with disability and other vulnerable segments of the society should be represented in the running of the affairs of the country. As corruption fights back the progressive extraction of the civil society should not hesitate to rally round the government in ensuring that the stolen commonwealth is recovered and earmarked for the development of the country.

     

    The penalty for subverting democracy in Africa 

     

    In the 1990s, the results of credible elections were annulled in Algeria, Nigeria and some other African countries by dictatorial regimes. The political violence generated by such  annulment led to the disruption of the democratic process  and the reckless massacre of many people. The perpetrators of such carnage were never brought to justice due to the weak criminal justice system which was put in place by the anti-democratic forces in power. Several complaints were filed by human rights bodies at the African Commission on Human and People Rights in Banjul, Gambia on the mass murder of people. As the findings of the Commission have no binding force  the indictment of the killer regimes was regularly  ignored. However, the victims of the genocidal acts which took place in Chad under Mr. Hasne Habre secured a warrant  for his arrest and trial in Belgium.

    The decision of the President Abdoullahi Wade  not to extradite Mr. Habre, who is in exile in Senegal, was supported  by other African leaders. Although the said warrant of arrest was issued under the doctrine of universal jurisdiction which operates in some countries European countries, Mr. Habre’s trial for the massacre of over 2000 Chadians has since commenced in Dakar.  However, the ratification of the Rome Statute by several African states  signaled  the end of impunity in  respect to genocidal acts and crimes against humanity. Under the Rome Statute  the trial of President Laurent Gbagbo  for crimes against humanity arising from post election violence in Cote D’ivore is due to commence soon at the International Criminal Court in the Hague.

    In 2008, the failure of the electoral body  to announce the results of the presidential election held in Kenya led to the brutal killing of over a thousand people and the destruction of several properties. Mr. Kofi Anan, a former Secretary-General of the United Nations was invited by the government to conduct an inquiry into the political violence. Based on the  report of the inquiry charges of crimes against humanity were filed against  Messrs  Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto at the International Criminal Court (ICC). Notwithstanding the election of both suspects as President and Vice President of Kenya in the 2013 general election while the case was pending the charges were not discontinued.

    Instead of drawing the necessary lessons from the case, African leaders threatened to withdraw the ratification of the Statute of Rome if the trial of the Kenyan leaders was not terminated by the Special Prosecutor of the ICC. Although the threat was ignored the case has been struck out for want of diligent prosecution. In a bid to stop the trial of African leaders at the Hague  the African Union resolved to expand the mandate of  the African Court on Human Rights sitting in Arusha, Tanzania to  deal with allegations of  genocide and crimes against humanity committed in any African country. In spite of the criminal jurisdiction conferred on the African Court  the forthcoming trial of President Laurent Gbagbo at the ICC  has contributed to peaceful transfer of power in the several African countries including Nigeria.

    Peace Accord and Electoral Violence 

     

    Shortly before the 2015 general elections, Mr. Kofi Anan and  Chief Emeka Anyaoku, a former secretary-general of the Commonwealth,  jointly presided over the signing of a Non-Violence Accord by the presidential candidates of the registered political parties. At the well celebrated ceremony which held in Abuja at the instance of the National Peace Committee the candidates of the two leading political parties embraced each other. While the media and several people were excited with the development I expressed the view that the so called peace accord would not stem the tide of political violence in the country due  to the violent nature of the electoral system coupled with official impunity. As rightly observed by the National Human Rights Commission, “signing a peace pact is easy, the more difficult part is to ensure that the political  office seekers and their supporters work within the rules of engagement.”

    Notwithstanding the peaceful transfer of power from the ruling party to the opposition party the country recorded a reign of terror by armed thugs who engaged in the  bombing and burning of  party secretariats, the  destruction of vehicles belonging to political parties,  the harassment  of political opponents , the extrajudicial killing and brutal attacks of innocent people at party congresses and primary elections, the unprovoked assault on judges etc. Top political leaders  made inciting statements. A governor published  a death wish advert capable of causing ethno-religious riots. Another governor attended a meeting where ex-militants threatened to declare a war on the Republic if the  particular candidate backed by them was not re-elected. In Lagos, scores of well armed operatives of an ethnic militia who were accompanied by the police  staged a street protest. A state governor accused a minister of paying armed thugs to stone President  Jonathan during a political rally  in Bauchi.

    The aforementioned cases of electoral malfeasance were never taken up by the law enforcement agencies. Indeed, the security agencies did not hide their partisan position during the season of anomie. In particular, the former national security adviser and the  service chiefs instigated the INEC to postpone the general elections by six weeks.  Under the pretext of maintaining law and order the state security service  endorsed the wearing of  masks by armed thugs at campaign rallies. Indeed, there were politically motivated killings traceable to security personnel. With such official impunity the leading political parties engaged in the uncontrolled contravention of the electoral law and the penal code. The National Human Rights Commission disclosed that not less than 100 people were killed during the general elections. So far, no suspect has been prosecuted for the reckless murder of the unarmed citizens.

     

    Official impunity and electoral

    offenders

    In 2007,  President Umoru Yaradua admitted that the election which brought him to power was flawed.  In a bid to sanitize the electoral system he set up the Mohammadu Uwais  Electoral Committee . Among other recommendations the Committee called for the establishment of an Electoral Offences Tribunal. The Yaradua Administration rejected  the recommendation without any justification. However, following the political violence which greeted the announcement of the results of the presidential election in some states in the North and Akwa Ibom in April  2011, President Goodluck Jonathan set up the Ahmed Lemu Panel to investigate the crisis. From the detailed report of the Panel, 943 people were killed while 838 others were injured.  While the Federal Government has paid over N10 billion as reparation  to  the victims of the riots,  the 626 suspects who were arrested in connection with arson, culpable homicide and other grave offences perpetrated during the civil disturbances have been left off the hook on account of official impunity that has become the order of the day under the current political dispensation.     Convinced that electoral offenders ought to be prosecuted in order to stop electoral violence  the Panel  equally made a strong case for the setting up of “an autonomous and constitutionally recognized electoral Offences Tribunal, but which may be an ad hoc body as it may not have much to do in between election periods.” In accepting the recommendation of  the  Federal Government undertook to take all necessary actions to establish the Tribunal. Although the recommendation was adopted  in August 2012 , the Tribunal is yet to be set up.  Instead of signing a  non-violence accord  President Goodluck Jonathan  ought to have instituted  the   Electoral Offences Tribunal. That would have  put an end to the official endorsement of politically motivated violence in the country.

    Since ours is  a country which claims to operate under  the Rule of Law  it is inexplicable that the suspects involved in sabotaging  the electoral process   have not been charged to any criminal court. The crisis of impunity in the land has been compounded  by the partisan involvement of the authorities of the police, the armed forces and other security agencies  in the political process. Although there are adequate and elaborate provisions in the Electoral Act, 2010 as amended and the penal statutes to deal with political violence and  electoral malfeasance the managers of the neo-colonial state lack the political will to bring electoral offenders to book.   In a number of decided cases, the courts have held that candidates  sponsored by political parties cannot be held vicariously liable for  politically motivated violence and electoral malpractice carried out on their behalf  unless they can be directly linked with instigating or directing their supporters to engage in such criminality. Indeed, political leaders usually dissociate themselves from acts of violence by condemning the perpetrators. In many cases, attorneys-general are directed to file nolle prosequi to stop the prosecution of suspects who belong to the ruling parties. Hence, the cases of the hundreds of suspects charged to court by the Police for electoral offences committed during the 2003, 2007 and 2011 general elections  were abruptly terminated   in all the states of the federation.

    It is submitted that the withdrawal of cases of electoral violence is illegal as it is subversive of democracy. It ought to be pointed out that even executive immunity does not cover election petitions and electoral offences! In Turaki v. Dalhaltu(2003) 38 WRN 54 at 168 Oguntade JCA (as he then was) held that “If a Governor were to be considered immune from court proceedings, that would create the position where a sitting Governor would be able to flout election laws and regulations to the detriment of other persons contesting with him. This will make a nonsense of the election process and be against the spirit of our national Constitution which in its tenor provides for a free and fair election.”

    As President Buhari has pledged to bring the perpetrators of electoral violence to book the federal government should direct  the National Human Rights Commission and the Nigeria Police Force to collaborate with the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)  to prosecute all electoral offenders. In view of the limited capacity of the INEC to discharge the onerous duty  conferred on it by section 150 of the Electoral Act, the Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) should assist  in the  prosecution of electoral offenders throughout the country. The influential members of the National Peace Committee may wish to join the campaign to end impunity in the country. Unless electoral offenders are punished as envisaged by the Electoral Act  and the Constitution the subversion of the democratic process will continue unabated.

     

     Conclusion

     

    Finally, I wish to call on the federal government to constitute  the INEC without any further delay. The many vacancies in the INEC should be filled with independent minded Nigerians of unimpeachable integrity through a transparent process. Once reconstituted the INEC should proceed to ensure that all citizens of voting age are registered and issued with permanent voters cards on a continuous basis while the use of card readers is perfected for future elections. The National Assembly is called upon to amend the Electoral Act to permit electronic voting and the use of permanent voters cards and card readers. Henceforth, the INEC should bear the legal responsibility of  proving that elections have been  properly conducted in substantial compliance with the Electoral Act.