Tag: violence

  • Fashola: timely dispensation of justice’ll end violence

    Fashola: timely dispensation of justice’ll end violence •Governor inaugurates Justice Samuel Ilori court house

    Lagos State Governor Babatunde Fashola has said timely and accurate dispensation of justice can help prevent violence and societal unrest.

    He spoke yesterday at the inauguration of a magistrate’s court complex in Ogba.

    The 22-courtroom complex is named after a former Chief Judge, Justice Samuel Ilori.

    Fashola said the court would also provide the judiciary staff with a conducive work environment.

    Fashola explained that the location of such facilities has a key role to play in maintaining law and order.

    “A society that is able to dispense justice will achieve so many things because in doing so we would be ordering the society and controlling how the society develops.

    “We would be punishing, whenever it is necessary to do so, those who threaten our society, those who threaten our children, our wives and our mothers and in that way, we would be strengthening our democracy.

    “No matter how beautiful the road we build, if we choose to ignore law and order, ultimately, our society cannot progress. So, it is important to pay attention to those charged with the responsibility to enforce laws and administer laws.”

    On why the complex was named after Justice Ilori, the governor said: “The labour of yesterday has made endeavours of today possible.”

    The Chief Judge, Justice Olufunmilayo Atilade, said the judiciary will be grateful to the governor for the beautiful edifice.

    She said: “Today’s inauguration and handover attest yet again to the unshakeable commitment of the Lagos State government to sustain infrastructure development in the state judiciary and to the improvement of justice delivery and justice administration.”

    Justice Ilori thanked the governor for the honour. He said: “At the time you decided to name this court after me, I am sure you were not aware of my historical connection to this land. The small seed I sowed then has come back as this court house, and I thank you for naming it after me.”

    At the ceremony were Deputy Governor Adejoke Orelope-Adefulire, Attorney General and Commissioner for Justice Ade Ipaye, Solicitor-General and Permanent Secretary Lawal Pedro and others.

  • Language and violence among children

    Hello Harriet, I will like to share this experience. My five-year old daughter and I were sitting amidst a crowd of other children and their parents at a  birthday party. It is one of those big ones. We are coaxed through a collection of entertaining outdoor games often involving both the children and us parents.

    One of such game has just ended and it’s time for a well-deserved break. Signally a time out, the funny looking Dj begin to blast out a catchy R&B tune from his music corner, many children ran to the open space and eagerly they started displaying their dancing skills as the sang a long, most of us parents were equally enjoying the music. As the artiste rap about their exploits, I noticed the lyrics are peppered with swear words and heavily salted with obscenities. Immediately i asked myself if other parents were hearing what I heard. Been the kind of person that I am, I walked straight to the Dj to change the music because it is not appropriate for the occasion (1st year birthday) did the Dj listen? Instead he reluctantly said to me that he simply provides the genre of music that is usually requested for, at this point Harriet, is when I promise myself to find a way to put this happenings in writing so that you can at least advice parents about the prevalent negative media exposure we allow our young children. It appears that I have finally gotten my chance. Thanks. Mrs. Juliet O. Lagos

     

    Thanks for sharing your experience with us. First of all you can agree with us that in recent times, particular in the past decades, there has been a sharp rise in the amount of negative media that is available to our children in this country. Like our western counterparts, we have also begun to pay the social price of technological development. Increased access to the internet and digital satellite television has provided us with not only a broader information and educational material base, but unfortunately also, explicit and often violence lyrics have in recent years been able to crossover into mainstream pop music, such that they rule the radio waves and are even given much more airtime than they would have been a decade or two ago. However, there are two ways parents paid little or no attention, they are as follows; it appears that many of us are reluctant or could it be we can’t be bothered to exercise our natural right and duty as parents to censor what our kids watch and listen to, in order to protect them. Often times, we turn a blind eye and let them watch or listen whatever tickles their fancy.

    Parental guidance regarding television viewing is probably where we score the lowest. For one thing, we frequently do not take coginsance of age restrictions on TV programs and movies, often allowing our 6/7 years old and even younger to watch PG 13,16, even 18-rated programs , lazily wanting to believe that their contents will be “fine” and not too adult to cause concern, when this is often far from the truth. More so, we mostly make erroneous conclusion that once there are no sexually explicit scenes the program me is safe for viewing by children.

    We conveniently forget that there are at least two other important factors that inform age restrictions and ratings, namely violence and language.

    Should we wonder then why our little boys often embarrass us with extraordinarily violent outbursts and our little girls sometimes suffer split personalities. At home they are daddy’s little girl but out there with their peers they are different. Whilst we certainly do not wish to over simplify the issue of bad behaviour in our children which no doubt has varying causes, it would be equally naïve to suggest that what we allow them to watch or listen to has absolutely no bearing on their behaviour. Children are they consummate imitators of what they see and hear around them. Part of the solution is clearly for us parents to step to the plate and put in much more effort than we are doing recently, to actively censor our children exposure to negative media, the good news is that most of the providers do have parental control services, kindly check with them on how to activate it. In addition, TV is not the only concern; radio and internet are also potentially rife mediums through which our children gain access to pornography and bad language.

    Furthermore, some parents lack enough commitment to the need of imbibing personal code of morality and adequate strength of character to be able to say” No” to their peers when the need arises. The truth of the matter is while some are good in censorship; they flunk terribly in the aspect of communication which takes us to our second point. Indeed, there is little point in being able to proudly say, my child is never allowed to watch those violent movies at home, and when anytime he/she is out of your reach he is doing every conceivable thing he can to grab a good bite of the ‘forbidden fruit’. The fact is that expect we are supernaturally able to follow all our children simultaneously everywhere they go from dawn till dusk, our children will spend many of their waking hours away from us. How effective have we prepared them to withstand negative influences on their own? I believe it is counterproductive to outlaw all manner of sins to a young, curious mind, without having the time to sit down and rationalize your thoughts to the child in a way that he/she can relate to and hopefully understand. We must help them realize that they are special individuals whose worth is not dependent on conforming to what their peers expect of them. Parents must help their children develop self- confident. The only way to achieve this is to keep the communication lines open.

     

    Harriet ogbobine is a counselor and a motivational speaker. Send your questions and suggestions to her on bineharriet@gmail.com or txt message only 08023058805. You can also follow her on twitter: @bineharrietj

  • U.S. to deny violence-promoting politicians visas

    U.S. to deny violence-promoting politicians visas

    The United States will sanction Nigerian politicians who attempted or instigated violence during the elections, the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs, Ms Linda Thomas-Greenfield, has said.

    She said the U.S. will impose visa restrictions on any Nigerian found to have incited violence or interfered with the electoral process.

    Ms Linda Thomas-Greenfield  in an article wrote: “anyone found to have incited violence or interfered with electoral processes will be unwelcome in the United States and subject to visa sanctions”.

    She did not give names of those considered for sanctions.

    Ms. Thomas-Greenfield said, while the elections were generally without a significant scale of violence and irregularities in some parts of Nigeria, some people were resolved to undermine the will of Nigerians and interfere with electoral processes, resorting to violence and voter intimidation.

    She said the U.S. regretted any loss of life and property during the process, adding that violence and rigging are unacceptable in a democratic electoral process.

    She praised the Independent National Electoral Commission and its chair, Prof. Attahiru Jega.

    She said: “Despite some technical hitches, it is clear that technology and use of social media-INEC’s online posting of results for each polling unit, live tweeting of results, the use of biometric permanent voter cards and electronic card readers- improved efficiency and limited fraud.”

    Ms. Thomas-Greenfield said, “Now more than ever, it is up to all Nigerians to stay united so that Nigeria can move forward with a clear set of priorities for the future.

    ”This next phase is critical as the world continues its hopeful watch for what happens in Nigeria.”

    ”Nigerian democracy will be a beacon across the continent and beyond,” the assistant secretary, who was in Nigeria during the elections, said.

    Ms. Thomas-Greenfield said the US looked forward to the inauguration of the president-elect, Muhammadu Buhari, on May 29 and the beginning of a new chapter of the relationship between the two countries.

     

  • 50 Nigerians affected by South African violence

    50 Nigerians affected by South African violence

    No fewer than 50 Nigerians have been affected by the xenophobic violence in South Africa, the President of the Nigerian Union in that country said yesterday.

    Mr. Ikechukwu Anyene said efforts were being made by the association to resettle those affected.

    He told the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) by phone from Pretoria, South Africa, that the Nigerians were displaced at Jeppes Town, near Johannesburg.

    “We met about 300 Nigerians in Jeppes town, near Johannesburg, who fled for their safety and about 50 of them do not have any place to stay,” he said.

    “We are making arrangements with the Nigerian mission in South Africa to get them a place to stay for their safety.

    “The Nigerian union has also presented relief materials to those affected by the attacks and we are in touch with various branch chapters of the union in the provinces on their safety and security,’’ he said.

    According to him, Nigerian shops and businesses in Durban and Johannesburg have been looted and some burnt.

    He said that two shops belonging to Nigerians in Durban were looted and goods worth 400,000 Rand lost.

    “In Jeppes Town, near Johannesburg, five shops were looted and one burnt while the estimated loss is put at One million Rand.

    “The incidents have been reported to the police and we are still taking stock of attacks on Nigerians,’’ he said.

    Mr. Anyene reiterated the union’s call to the Federal Government to put more pressure on the South African government to halt the attacks.

    The Nigerian foreign minister had however claimed on Thursday that Nigerians had so far not been attacked, saying it would only evacuate Nigerians only if the situation gets worse.

    “With the discussions I have been having with Nigeria’s Head of Mission in Pretoria, no Nigerian     has so far been affected,” the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Aminu Wali said Thursday in Abuja.

    “They informed me that they have called the Nigerian community and addressed them and told them to close their shops, stay home and keep out of trouble and obey the laws of South Africa.

    “They have also confirmed that the South African authority has moved in to take actions that would forestall any further disturbance in South Africa,” Mr. Wali said.

    “If it gets worse it is the duty of our country to make sure our people are brought back, and we are taking that duty serious.

    “We are not prepared to allow any of our nationals to be subjected to such inhuman treatment.

    “We are monitoring the situation and will now take action according to the situation that develops,” he said.

  • •••30 detained as xenophobic violence spreads

    •••30 detained as xenophobic violence spreads

    •Zuma cancels state trip
    • Buhari backs FG on safety of Nigerians

    South African police detained more than 30 people overnight as xenophobic violence simmered around the economic hub Johannesburg, officials said yesterday.

    Anti-foreigner violence that erupted in the country’s eastern port city of Durban several weeks ago has so far left at least six people dead, spreading to Johannesburg, displacing thousands and sparking alarm at the United Nations and in neighbouring countries.

    South African President Jacob Zuma cancelled a state visit to Indonesia with officials scrambling to respond to the deadly violence.

    President-elect Muhammadu Buhari expressed support for federal government’s move to ensure the safety of Nigerians in that country while President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe denounced the attacks as shocking and disgusting.

    Overnight, small groups attacked shops in several areas around Johannesburg, police said.

    “More than 30 people were arrested last night. At this stage the situation is calm but we plan to increase our deployment,” police spokesman Lungelo Dlamini told AFP.

    “They are going to be charged for public violence, malicious damage to property, house breaking and theft,” he said.

    Police had to use rubber bullets to disperse the looters in Alexandra, an impoverished township north of the city, he said.

    Several thousand foreigners have fled their homes to shelter in makeshift camps amid the violence, and neighbouring Zimbabwe, Malawi and Mozambique announced plans to evacuate their citizens.

    The latest burst of anti-foreigner violence in the country has been largely blamed on a speech last month by King Goodwill Zwelithini, traditional leader of the Zulus, in which he blamed foreigners for South Africa’s high crime rate and said they must “take their bags and go”.

    The king has since said his words were misinterpreted, but for some, Zwelithini simply articulated what many were feeling.

    This is not the first wave of anti-foreigner violence in South Africa. In January, foreign shopkeepers in and around the vast township of Soweto, south of Johannesburg, were forced to flee and six were killed as looters rampaged through the area.

    And in 2008, 62 people were killed in xenophobic violence across the city’s townships.

    President Jacob Zuma cancelled a state visit to Indonesia yesterday,saying  “there can be no justification for the attacks on foreign nationals. These attacks go against everything we believe in.”

    He added:”The majority of South Africans love peace and good relations with their brothers and sisters in the continent. We will engage stakeholders next week as we need all leaders to work together to bring the situation to normality. Working together we will be able to overcome this challenge.”

    Neighbouring Zimbabwe, Malawi and Mozambique have announced plans to evacuate their citizens.

    Reflecting international concern, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees noted most victims targeted “are refugees and asylum seekers who were forced to leave their countries due to war and persecution.”

    Yesterday’s  violence was focused in Alexandra, an impoverished township north of Johannesburg, where police fired rubber bullets to disperse the looters.

    In the Zimbabwean capital Harare, demonstrators marched to the South African embassy to condemn what they called the “senseless and gruesome slaughter” of fellow Africans — a protest Zimbabwe’s President Robert Mugabe echoed yesterday.

    “We are glad President Zuma has assured us that this is not the South African way,” Mugabe said during the country’s 35th independence anniversary, when he also noted his “shock and disgust as we abhor the incident that happened in Durban where some five or six people were burnt to death deliberately by some members of the South African Zulu community.”

    President-elect, Muhammadu Buhari, said yesterday that he was  in full support of the steps taken so far by the federal  government to protect Nigerians in South Africa  from the wave of xenophobic attacks.

    Nigeria’s Head of Mission in Pretoria,according to Buhari, took the right steps by advising the Nigerian community in South Africa to close their shops, stay home and keep out of trouble, while ensuring that they obey the laws of their host country.

    “We equally understand that the South African government is making efforts to bring an end to this unfortunate situation,” General Buhari said,adding: “In the meantime, Nigerians in South Africa should abide by the words of caution extended them by their government representative in Pretoria.”

    He was happy that government  “is very well aware of its responsibilities to its citizens in South Africa,” General Buhari said.

    This is not the first wave of anti-foreigner violence in South Africa. In January, foreign shopkeepers in and around the vast township of Soweto, south of Johannesburg, were forced to flee and six were killed as looters rampaged through the area.

    And in 2008, 62 people — including about 20 South Africans — were killed in clashes across the city’s townships.

  • Fresh Escravos violence tests Itsekiri/Ijaw relationship in Delta

    Fresh Escravos violence tests Itsekiri/Ijaw relationship in Delta

    Will there ever be a time that the Ijaw and Itsekiri in Delta State will live in unity? Events of the last decades suggest it will never happen. S’South Regional Editor Shola O’Neil reports on the fresh violence between the two groups in Escravos

    The early Tuesday morning fracas between the Ijaw and Itsekiri in Escravos area of Warri South West Local Government Area of Delta State once again highlighted how delicate the relationship between the two ethnic groups has remained, over 10 years after the end of the fratricidal war between them from 1997 to 2014.

    That war, which was the predecessor of the Niger Delta crisis, led to thousands of death, particularly on the side of the Itsekiris, whose communities were plundered and sacked from Warri South, South West and North LGAs.

    Trouble again broke out in the wee hours of that Tuesday after three irate Itsekiri boys attacked and brutally wounded an Ijaw security guard working at the site of a deep sea project in the area. The dastardly attack drew a very tough and brutal response from Ijaw militias.

    Over 30 youths armed with sophisticated weapon, took off from one of their communities, thought to be Oporoza, and stormed Madangho, an Itsekiri community located opposite the Escravos Tank Farm and Gas to Liquid complex of Chevron Nigeria Limited, in the dead of the night.

    For several hours they rained bullets on the town from the seashore. People, including the elderly women, youths and children who were rudely woken up from sleep, scampered for safety in the dead of the night. Several persons were wounded in their desperate bids to get out of harm’s away. The fleeing persons crawled out of the ‘war front’ on their belly, ostensibly to avoid stopping flying bullets. One source said flying bullets wheezed passed his head severally.

    “It was almost a return to the Warri crisis; fathers forgot their children and ran for dear lives. Men, women and everybody took off and ran into the bushes, some jumped into the river and swam away to safe shores. It was the same madness all over again,” a menial laborer in the town who simply identified as Friday told our reporter.

    When the staccato of gunfire died, some of the marauders disembarked from their boats, doused houses with petrol and set them afire. They left a trail of destruction on other parts of the town. Hours later, an eerie silence fell over the darkness, reaching as far as Ode-Ugborodo, Ajuadaibo, Ogidigben and Arunto, the other Itsekiri settlements that make up Ugborodo, and even Warri and beyond.

    Panicky inhabitants were already packing their bags and girding their loins, ready to beat a hasty exit should the gunfire come nearer their in habitation. Painful memories of deaths, blazing guns and burning houses came back for those who witnessed the seven-year pogrom. However thry were relieved when the gunfire died and reports came that the siege was over.

    But the interregnum of silence didn’t last long; the marauders returned again with more weapons and ammunition and the orgy of shooting and violence returned with them. But this time the sporadic gunfire attracted the attention of a military post in the area.

    A source said: “The soldiers came and they faced-off for a while, after which the marauders felt they had had enough. They pulled out and left, but kept on shooting until their boats were safely in the centre of the river and zoomed off.”

    Tension had gripped the areas since early January when ex-militants threatened to unleash mayhem if President Jonathan did not win the election. The tension became even more palpable when the APC candidate won the March 28 election.

    “That night we monitored the results until the winner was announced. We had people watching the waterways for any sign of impending invasion because we know that they (ex-militants) cannot go and fight the Hausa/Fulani in the north, we would be their targets,” one Ugborodo youth said.

    Although the intervention of the military men brought the Tuesday morning party to an abrupt close, it was clear that the intention of the attackers was not to kill their victims. “It was more a show of might more than anything. They wanted to show their counterparts that they could still hit them hard if they want to,” a security source in the area told our reporter.

    Frantic telephone calls between some notable elements on both sides pulled the attackers out of the brink. One of the Itsekiri youths, who called our reporter when the second shooting started at about 3:45am, later said: “We learnt that the council chairman, Chief George Ekpemupolo (sibling of Government Ekpemupolo (Tompolo), David Tonwe and Tompolo were in constant touch that night and made frenetic efforts to reach out to their people to ensure that the matter didn’t escalate. They have been working together for peace and they were able to calm the situation and ensure that it didn’t get out of hand.”

    The Commanding Officer, 3 Battalion of the Nigerian Army, Lt Col. Ekong Bassey, confirmed that the leaders from both sides waded into p the matter and we’re working hard to ensure that the situation did not escalate further. He urged both parties to continue to be law abiding and not take action that could torpedo the existing peace in the area.

    Still, inspire of the security presence, the aggrieved Ijaw youths mounted blockades on the waterways and prevented boats carrying Itsekiri people or persons from the Itsekiri communities from going to Warri and other destinations. Transport boats taking passengers and commodities to the area from upland towns were also turned back.

    Chief Ayirimi Emami denounced the invasion and subsequent burning of houses in Madangho. He traced the initial action of the Itsekiri youths to the disagreement over the project land and the clearing of same site without consultation with the committee set up by the state government.

    “Besides, whatever happened at the project site was not enough for some people to roll out guns and visit mayhem on defenseless community people. It is a clear act of banditry and totally uncalled for and must be condemned. There are fights everyday in other communities, people don’t unleash heavy weapons and brute force on their neighbours. This has shown that there is more to it,” Emami told our reporter in a telephone chat on Wednesday.

    His claim confirmed persistence of mutual distrust between the two sides over the years, in spite of several attempts at peace building. Our reporter noted that minor disagreements between them are almost always followed by threats of war and reenactment of the seven years of bloodletting and bestiary killings.

    Our investigation revealed that the Tuesday skirmish was a carryover of the Ijaw/Itsekiri crisis. Ikpokpo (or Kpokpo), depends on which side is staking the claim, was said to be one of the communities seized by the Ijaws after sacking dozens of communities from their weaker neighbours in the 1990s crisis.

    The community, which borders Ugborodo and Gbaramatu, Ijaw and Itsekiri clans, had remained almost fallow since the end of the war. It became attractive following the siting of the $16billion Delta Gas City project in the area by the outgoing President Goodluck Jonathan administration.

    Although the project was initially named after Ogidigben, one of five settlements that make up the Ugborodo community, trouble started when the Gbaramatu demanded their inclusion as stakeholder. Their argument was that Ikpokpo, which is site of the deep sea arm of the mega project, was theirs. Chief Godspower Gbenekama, a prominent Gbaramatu leader, said the land was theirs, warning that they would resist the injustice.

    The contention and subsequent threat of war by the Ijaw infamously led to President Goodluck Jonathan’s postponement of the groundbreaking ceremony at least thrice. He sited security challenges and threat to peace. The Itsekiri, in return, famously tagged him an ethnic President, memo they also accused of pandering to the whims and caprices of his kinsmen.

    Although the ceremony was later performed on the 26 of March, it was alleged that the President motive merely part of his national vote-hunting drive on the eve of the presidential election,which he later lost, than because he felt genuinely committed to the project, as the Itsekiri had threatened to vote massively against him.

    Prior to the March 26 event, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), which oversees the Federal Government’s stake in the project; Delta State Government and other stakeholders from the two ethnic groups met severally to hammer out a mutually satisfactory peace deal. According to the term of the deal, the gas project remain in Ogidigben, while the deep sea port recede into Gbaramatu in order to create a win-win scenario for all parties.

    Despite that deal, some stakeholders, particularly the Itsekiri people remained unperturbed and unimpressed. Notable among the disgruntled member was the effervescent Chief Emami. He insisted that the NNPC had not come out to explain to the Itsekiri if it was acquiring a fresh parcel of land from the Ijaw or it if was the same land that they have earmarked for the project.

    Notable Itsekiri politicians and aspirants kept their part of the deal and worked with Governor Emmanuel Uduaghan to ‘deliver’ the President and other candidates of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) in the general elections. Emami, who was uncomfortable with the deal, left the PDP and pitch his tent with the opposition All Progressive Congress. Emami, He accused some of his kinsmen of selling their tribe for their business and political interests.

    At the time of this report on Wednesday, calm had return to the area; the waterways was opened to nor business and people of the sides have left the trenches. Yet, some persons believe that the existing peace is merely the peace of the graveyard.

    In the words of one of the beleaguered residents, “Nobody knows when another round of shooting will take place. We are not sleeping with our eyes close yet, not today or tomorrow.”

     

  • Violence as threat to democracy-1

    The history of political development in Nigeria has recorded the growth of multi-dimensional forms of violence in the desperate bid of power thirsty individuals and groups to attain and keep state power. In recent times, Human Rights Watch revealed that over 2000 Nigerians lost their lives in post- election violence in the country.

    As the campaigns for the 2015 general elections were rounding off, the governor of the state of Osun, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola had his convoy attacked in Ilase, Obokun Local government of the State. That was on Friday the 13th of March, 2015. Stalwarts of the opposition Peoples Democratic Party allegedly initiated the attack. It left at least one person dead, many injured and properties worth millions of Naira destroyed. This is a sad footnote on our quest for a true democratic process, because it underscores happenings in almost all states of the federation including Rivers, Akwa Ibom, Imo and a host of other states. Updated report has it that 66 violent incidents targeted at polling units were recorded nationwide during the April 11, 2015 governorship and state houses of assembly polls.

    In a remark, the leader of All Progressives Congress, APC, Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu, had this to say, “Throughout the week, before the election, there were lots of( gunshot across the state. That was scaring to the people. That is ( why they didn’t come out. That is a method of rigging. It is(  because you are not popular. If you are popular, you will want the ( crowd to be there and make their choice. The abuse of power in ( this nation must stop. It takes a commonsense revolution to do ( that”.

    I wish to historicize electoral violence and its implications on the survival of democracy in Nigeria with major emphasis on this Fourth Republic (1999-2015). The high incidence of electoral violence (pre and post) in the Fourth Republic in particular is closely associated with neo-patrimonial character of the Nigerian state, the nature and kind of party politics being played, the weak institutionalisation of democratic architectures and inefficient electoral management body among others. These were among the factors that led to the fall or collapse of the First, Second and Third Republics.

    In every stable democratic society, election remains the essential ingredient of transitory process from one civilian administration to another. Elections have become an integral part of representative democracy that by and large prevails across the world. In all, elections constitute a core component of democracy. The electoral process in Africa in general and Nigeria in particular especially since the beginning of the 21st century is characterised by violence.

    Fundamentally, there is no doubt the fact that electoral violence remains a major source of political instability in a democratic society with palpable threats of deconsolidation. Nigeria, having survived decades of military dictatorship that was characterized by despotism, violation of fundamental human rights, financial profligacy among others, eventually returned to democratic rule on May 29, 1999, which culminated in the birth of the Fourth Republic. The republic, which started amidst great hope and expectations, is yet to significantly convince the generality of the Nigerian populace its democratic success especially with respect to the conduct of free, fair and credible elections devoid of election violence (pre and post). The block votes for failed President Jonathan recorded from the south east and south-south in the just concluded 2015 election leaves a sour grape in the mouth regarding incessant geo-ethnic loyalty in voting patterns. This has however put the zones in a disadvantage position in the unfolding power sharing and political relevance. The threat of violence by militant leaders, especially by Asari Dokubo, in the zone is a sad commentary that must not be allowed to endure.

    International Foundation for Election Systems (2011) defines electoral violence as “any violence (harm) or threat of violence (harm), like that of Asari-Dokubo, that is aimed at any person or property involved in the election process, or at disrupting any part of the electoral or political process during the election period.”

    These above definitions of electoral violence typically captured the deeper nature and stages of electoral violence in Nigeria especially since the birth of the Fourth Republic in 1999. The first and immediate post independence electoral violence in Nigeria occurred during the 1964 general elections, the first election to be conducted after independence. The Northern People’s Congress needed the elections to consolidate its power at the centre. The Action Group (AG) also needed it in order to dislodge Chief S.L Akintola from power in the West. The NCNC on its own also wanted to improve its bargaining strength in the East.

    It became obvious that all the major political parties were anxious to participate in the elections (Falola et al, 1991). By the middle of 1964, two major political alliances had emerged from all the manoeuvres. The NPC and the NNDP founded the Nigerian National Alliance (NNA). The AG and the NCNC constituted themselves into the United Progressive Grand Alliance (UPGA). The 1964 federal election was contested between these major alliances (Ige, 1995). Two main coalitions contested these elections: the Nigerian National Alliance (NNA) made up of the NPC and some other minor parties; the United Progressive Grand Alliance (UPGA) comprising the NCNC, AG, NEPU and UMBC (Falola, et al, 1991).

    The campaigns by these coalitions generated much bitterness, acrimony and violence, especially in the west. The elections which were said to have been massively rigged through different means lead to widespread violence/conflicts in the west following the announcement of results by the Chairman of Federal Electoral Commission in person of Mr. Esua. This argument could be corroborated with the address of president Nnamidi Azikiwe and the then Inspector General Police, Mr. Louis Edet. Azikiwe in his dawn broadcast to the nation. The head of state condemned the way and manner the electioneering was conducted and expressed his disappointment.

    The politicians in power have no right to employ instruments of power in order to perpetuate their stay in office. The president cited instances where Nigerian citizens were deprived their constitutional right to freedom of association. In a similar view, the inspector general of police, Louis Edet made a nation-wide broadcast reporting that incidents involving violence had reached alarming proportions. He appealed to the politicians to protect Nigeria’s enviable reputation as a bastion of democracy in Africa (Anifowose, 1972).

    As it was in the west, so also it went on in the Middle Belt. A good example was the second Tiv riot of 1964 (Anifowose, 1972). The last straw that broke the camel’s back was the elections into regional assembly in the west in October 1965. The announcement of the election results by the Federal Electoral Commission, which led to the purported victory of Chief S.L Akintola of the Nigeria National Democratic Party (NNDP) as against the wishes of many people who expected that Chief Adegbenro of the UPGA led to large-scale widespread violence in the whole of western region on the ground that there were irregularities in the election results. The decision of the federal government to recognize the election thus gave Chief Akintola the power to form a new government. This however made UPGA to embark on a spontaneous and violent demonstration known as “operation wet e” – an operation which required the spraying of houses, cars and persons with petrol and then setting fire to them (Ige, 1995).

    There were series of protests and demonstrations carried out by angry students, market women, farmers and other groups in most towns and villages throughout the western region, and these were accompanied by looting, arson, killing on an unprecedented scale and burning of houses, vehicles and shops. Anti-governmental placards were displayed, party slogan- Awo! Awo! UPGA! UPGA! -as well as war songs were advanced. In some cases, the demonstration ended in clashes with anti-riot police squad, who did not hesitate to shoot. (To be continued.)

    • Akinola wrote in from Lagos
  • Violence: PDP chief declared wanted in Kano

    Violence: PDP chief declared wanted in Kano

    •76 arrested

    EX-Kano State Commissioner for Rural and Community Development in ex-Governor Ibrahim Shekarau’s administration, Alhaji Musa Illyasu Kwankwaso of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), has been declared wanted by the police.

    He is wanted for alleged involvement in the destruction of election materials at Kauran Mata Ward in Madobi Local Government during last Saturday’s elections.

    Briefing reporters yesterday when parading the suspects arrested in connection with electoral violence, Police Commissioner Ibrahim Idris said Alhaji Kwankwaso scaled the fence when detectives from the State Criminal Investigation Department (SCID) stormed his home.

    He said the top politician was implicated by 14 suspected thugs arrested by the police, who confessed that Alhaji Kwankwaso, a leader of a group called the PDP Vanguard, sent them to destroy election materials.

    Idris added: “The suspects also fingered Kwankwaso as their sponsor. Detectives from the SCID stormed his home, but he jumped the fence, abandoned his regalia (jumper) and escaped into the bush. We are looking for him and four other suspects.”

    Narrating the incident, he said: “On April 11, about 7 am when the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) supervisor was sharing materials at Kauran Mata Registration Area Centre (RAC) in Madobi Local Government, before distributing to polling stations, Hussaini Ibrahim of Kauran Mata village, the chairman of the PDP Vanguard in the area, introduced himself to the INEC supervisor and demanded explanation on the sensitive materials.

    “While being attended to, he snatched ballot papers and tore them. He and other 18 accomplices, all of the same address, snatched and set ablaze 4015 ballot papers for the Governorship and House of Assembly elections.

    “The police arrived and rescued the INEC officials. They disarmed the thugs and retrieved the Card Readers. The materials were retrieved about 10:30 am. Accreditation and voting were later done.”

    The police boss said the exhibits recovered included two knives, a cutlass and a stick.

    He said the police arrested 76 suspects in connection with electoral offences,  adding that the exhibits recovered included 15 ballot boxes, ballot papers, four INEC bags, eight knives, two sticks, two swords, two cutlasses, three INEC stamps, three markers, two tap gums, two Card Readers, seven INEC reflective jackets, scissors, torn Governorship and House of Assembly result sheets and accreditation register.

    Idris said the police and INEC were working to ensure the suspects’ prosecution.

     

  • Residents advised against post-election violence

    The Guard Nigeria Project (GNP), a non-governmental organisation (NGO), has called on residents of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and other Nigerians to resist the temptation to do anything that may lead to post-election violence.

    The organisation also urged politicians and party supporters to accept the results of the election or channel their grievances through the appropriate quarters.

    GNP Executive Director, Mr. Promise Amahah who gave the advice at a media briefing in Abuja, said there was the need to respond to the growing apathy among residents of the FCT and other parts of the country. He also said there was the need to stir up the love for country and neighbour regardless of social status during and after the election.

    Amahah said it is also imperative to state that one of the core objectives of the Guard Nigeria Project is to restore Nigeria’s system whose absence has been the bane of the nation.

    “We are concerned and optimistic Nigerians. We are made up of several ethnic groups and social strata, united by our common identity and love for our country. As we go about during the general elections, the polity has been greatly heated up and has also led to the recent exodus of Nigerians to their respective places of origin nation-wide.

    “The situation is saddening and calls for prompt intervention on re-orientation and social engineering, which are parts of our key mandate. Some Nigerians are using the current socio-economic imbalance to manipulate Nigerians against Nigeria during this period. We have become enemies to ourselves and to our country.

    “For a paradigm shift to be achieved we must become intolerant of the negative status quo; for whatever you tolerate stays at your address. We are no longer comfortable with the status quo and Nigeria will no longer be the address of all kinds of vice during and after the elections,” he said.

  • Brazen thuggery, violence and rigging everywhere

    Brazen thuggery, violence and rigging everywhere

    Gboyega Alaka highlights some of the incidents of violence that characterised last week’s presidential elections

    It might have been a cartoon, but it tells a whole lot of story about the futility of electoral violence, the wickedness of the perpetrators and the foolishness of those who willingly make themselves tools in the hands of the politicians.

    The cartoon published in The Nation a day after last week’s presidential election shows an agitated aged mother screaming at her bare-chested, machete-wielding, hemp-smoking thug of a son, who obviously is on his way out and ready for the KILL.

    “Son, they nicknamed you ‘Death Warrant’ and you are happy, ehn?… where are your party leaders’ children?”

    Of course. He has no answer, as the mother’s punchy question seems to hit him hard.

    But a rambunctious fowl in the yard provides the thought-provoking answer: “…Safely in Europe and America, of course!”

    Without doubt, the message here should not be lost on all the young men and women, including the irresponsible adults, who turn themselves into political thugs during election seasons and fight, maim, kill and vandalise properties, all in the name of fighting for perpetrating evil for their principals, the politicians. Except if they want to pretend.

    In most cases, children and relatives of these desperate politicians, are in some fancy schools, undergoing the best of training, and preparing for prosperous careers or immediate take-over of political offices and appointments, just in case their parents have decided to step down.

    Even when they are not in schools, the politicians never forget to herd their children safely into exile; just so that whatever violence that might erupt due to their actions and campaigns, never get to them.

    The cartoon thus exposes the folly in all those who make themselves willing tools for violence on behalf of politicians, who are not even ready to have the slightest danger whistle past their own children.

    In the same vein, another gentleman recently made a very instructive call into a television talk-show programme centred on election violence, right on the eve of the election. Paraphrasing him, he said: the politicians and political class are one and the same. Anyone who chooses to lose an arm or leg or die for them dies in vane, for their differences only lies in their immediate interests and nothing deeper. To make his message more profound, he cited the recent cross-carpeting from the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) and the newly formed opposition the All Progressives Congress (APC), which saw a massive movement of some major PDP bigwigs into the APC. More instructive was his question that: Who would have imagined an Olagunsoye Oyinlola and an Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu and a Rafiu Aregbesola in the same party and in warm embraces?

    He also asked, who would have expected that a Segun Oni (former governor of Ekiti State0 and a Kayode Fayemi (who unseated him by court judgment barely four years ago, in the same boat, with both of them paddling towards the same destination, without rancour?

    Today, Segun Oni is even the deputy national chairman of the APC for South-West Nigeria. At the last count, Olagunsoye Oyinlola was also seen

    Despite calls and warnings, by spirited Nigerians and friends from the international community for a peaceful electoral process, desperate politicians, community party leaders and gullible youths still went on rampage, inflicting terror, assaulting, maiming and even killing, all in a bid to disrupt orderly election processes, foster mayhem and manipulate election outcomes.

    Just this Wednesday, as much as four days after the presidential election, a group of thugs in Ekiti, apparently still smarting from the defeat of the PDP went on rampage, attacking the state secretariat and smashing screens of about five vehicles, amongst them a Honda saloon and a Mercedes Benz C240.  The thugs were said to have arrived in three Hilux cars and immediately launched unprovoked attacks, destroying flags and banners of the opposition. One of the smashed cars was also said to belong to the APC Publicity secretary in the state, Taiwo Olatunbosun.

    Thankfully, no death was recorded.

    In Bauchi, a bloodied corpse of a man was caught on camera being stretchered out while a watched in agony. The man was reportedly shot by a soldier Sunday morning at the state INEC Secretariat after he and a group of the locals attempted to fend off soldiers who were trying to gain entry into the INEC office while counting was still going on.

    Another man was said to have been hit by a stray bullet and rushed to a hospital under a very dire condition.

    The residents had kept vigil outside the electoral commission’s office, patiently awaiting the result, when the military showed up and parked the violence.

    Rivers State by far recorded the highest incidences of election malpractice and violence, as scores were said to have been killed. Even before the election proper, the state had always borne the tag of battle-ground, but no one envisaged the level of impunity and violence that finally ensued. It will be recalled that it was in the state that the first semblance of violence in the whole electoral campaign erupted, when some thugs suspected to be of the PDP affiliation shot at APC members on their way to the party’s campaign flag-off venue in the state. This was followed by pockets of other occurrences, until the stalemated APC campaign in Okrika, the home-town of the first lady, where ceaseless sporadic gunshots halted the exercise.

    On Election Day proper, one of the dead, an APC member in Ward 3, Unit 2, Ogale-Eleme, was allegedly killed by a soldier attached to a prominent leader of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) in Eleme, Eleme Local Government Area.

    At Opobo/Nkoro, the Local Government Area of Dr. Dakuku Adol Peterside, the gubernatorial candidate of APC, the house of Opobo/Nkoro Caretaker Committee Chairman, Loveday Jaja, was torched after he escaped to avoid being killed by the PDP hoodlums. Electoral materials meant for the Local Government Area have been diverted to John Africa/Ada Tom Pepple Compound area where they are thumb-printing in favour of PDP. Another person Alafagha Oko-Jaja had his head broken head and he is seriously bleeding. No one is sure if he will survive.

    The police also said two car bombs exploded at polling stations in Enugu, although no one was injured, as the police immediately took charge of the situation. This was aside other incidents of violence, in Anambra state, some of which resulted in death of policemen and civilians. (See box)

    In Ikere Ekiti, an All Progressives Congress (APC) member Jide Owolabi was allegedly shot by security aides attached to the Ekiti State Deputy Governor, Dr. Kolapo Olusola. The incident occurred at Ereja Polling Unit in Odo-Oja quarter of the town when Olusola, who was said to be moving around in a convoy, was stopped by APC members who accused him of violating the electoral law.

    On the eve of the election, a member of the House of Representatives, Oyetunde Ojo, escaped being killed by hooded gunmen who laid siege to his hometown, Erijiyan-Ekiti in Ekiti West Local Government Area.

    The gunmen, according to him, arrived the community at 9.30 pm on Friday and unleashed terror till about 1.00 am on Saturday.

    Ojo, who is son-in-law to the APC National Leader, Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, said the unknown persons pointed to his house after which serious shootings started.

    The federal lawmaker representing Ekiti Central Federal Constituency 2  who is seeking re-election revealed that six houses were attacked in the community while many vehicles were damaged.

    Among the houses destroyed was that of the state APC Chairman, Chief Olajide Awe and that of Ojo’s mother.

    He said the Police came after the assailants had left which necessitated his request for special security cover.

    Speaking on the conduct of the polls, Ojo said the election was peaceful and the reports received from other communities in the constituency showed that the process was hitch-free.

     

    In Gombe, the story was even worse. Suspected Boko Haram fighters attacked would-be voters, killing ten people in the process, one of them, a serving member of the state House of Assembly and a policeman. Even the governor of the state, Danjuma Goje was said to be a target in a plan orchestrated to foment trouble and scuttle the process.

    According to eye-witnesses, the insurgents were overheard shouting “Didn’t we warn you about staying away from the election?” even as they pulled the triggers.

    Although the atmosphere was tense, Lagos however recorded low violence, with one unconfirmed report of death somewhere in Oworonshoki area of the state. The state had however witnessed its fair share violent incidents in days leading to the election, with February being the most bloody. Three people were said to have been killed in separate incidents in Ajegunle and Lagos Island in the first week of February. The Ajegunle incident took place in Amukoko, claiming one life, simply identified as Raimi, while the Lagos Island incident perpetrated by a cult group, Campos Boys claimed the life of Ahmed Igbagbo and an unidentified man, after argument ensued over political issues. An eye witness said 12 other people were also injured in that Lagos Island fracas.

    A week later, another ugly fracas erupted in Jakande area of Lekki, leaving one dead and several others injured, when supporters of the PDP and APC clashed during one of the campaign rallies.

    Pockets of incidents of gunshots, ballot box snatching were also recorded in Ilaje-ese Odo in Ondo, Sagamu in Ogun State and other places.

    Additional report by Odunayo Ogunmola in Ekiti.