Sir: The Senior Secondary School Certificate exam, conducted by the West African Examinations Council (WAEC), is held in Ghana, Sierra Leone, Liberia, The Gambia, and Nigeria. WAEC announced plans to shift from traditional paper-and-pencil tests to Computer-Based Testing (CBT) for Nigeria’s 2026 West African Senior School Certificate Examination (WASSCE), affecting about two million students across 23,554 schools.
The rollout begins with this year’s edition, tentatively scheduled from April 24 to June 20, with the aim of improving integrity, reducing malpractice and ensure results are released 45 days after the exam, with digital certificates available within 90 days.
WAEC’s Head in Nigeria, Amos Dangut, revealed that 1,973,253 students (979,228 males and 994,025 females) will participate, covering 74 subjects and 196 papers. According to him, the digital exams will feature unique question papers for each of the 1,973,253 as part of efforts to uphold academic integrity.
To support students, the examination body says it has introduced digital learning tools like the WAEC E-Study Portal, E-Learning Portal, and WAEC Konnect. These platforms offer past questions, marking schemes, and performance analysis.
While the shift toward digitalisation is a progressive move intended to curb examination malpractice and speed up the release of results, the infrastructure on the ground tells a different story. In many suburban and rural schools, the “digital revolution” feels like an ancient myth. It was only last year Nigeria crossed the 50% broadband penetration mark, according to data from the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) under the National Broadband Plan (NBP) 2020–2025.
We can also recall how, in May 2025, some students in Asaba, Delta State, took some of their exams with the aid of torchlights. The Minister of Education promised to “investigate” the situation, and Nigerians are still waiting for the outcome. But the substance of the matter is whether schools that lack the ability to purchase electric bulbs to lighten classrooms build rooms and stock them with computers before this year’s test commences.
Students in urban centres may not be affected; both at home and in school, they’re exposed to computers and the internet. But introducing a computer-based exam to a student who has never held a mouse or sat before a steady power source creates an unfair playing field.
The transition to digital examinations cannot be successful through pronouncements alone, but if the examination body insists, then there must be clear communication to students through their schools and other stakeholders on a step-by-step strategy for this rollout, because students have registered and the examinations are underway.
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Issues like the model of delivery must be addressed. Will the exam be fully digital for all subjects, or will it follow a hybrid model where practical and essay-based subjects remain on paper for now? Is it going to be JAMB-style? If essays don’t remain, this noble intention may end up being a disaster for all parties involved.
What is the plan to equip public schools at 2km intervals with functional computer laboratories and consistent power solutions, such as solar energy? This must be considered carefully because our reality tells us that there are students across Nigeria who study on bare floors and in other dilapidated conditions.
There must be a nationwide programme for “Mock CBT” exams to familiarise students in underserved areas with the software interface before the actual harvest of grades begins. In this case, even teachers in such areas must be trained to ensure adequate supervision.
In today’s world of artificial intelligence, big data, and other emerging technologies, digitalisation is inevitable, but it must be inclusive. If the goal is to improve the integrity of education, then no student should be penalised because of their geographical location or economic status.
One may not be able to speak for The Gambia, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Ghana, but here in Nigeria, WAEC and the federal government must speak clearly on how they want this to happen, because if the questions raised above cannot be answered with clarity, we should as well heed the advice of the lawmakers in the green chamber to halt the process.
