Category: Friday

  • How CAN opposed ‘Solution to Terrorism’

    FEMI ABBAS 

     

    The title of today’s article in this column is the title of a lecture that yours sincerely was invited by Nigerian Interreligious Council (NIREC) to deliver as a guest speaker at its two days meeting of February 11 and 12, 2013 in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State.

    It was the tradition of NIREC to organize lectures on a quarterly basis to enhance its members’ understanding of the other religion. Thus, as yours sincerely was invited by the Nigerian Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (NSCIA) to deliver a lecture on ‘Solution to Terrorism’ from Islamic perspective, so was a Professor from the University of Jos invited by the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) to deliver a similar lecture from Christian perspective.

    His Eminence, Dr. Muhammad Sa’ad Abubakar, CFR, mni, the Sultan of Sokoto, was present at that meeting as the President General of the NSCIA and Co Chairman of NIREC while Pastor Ayodele Joseph Oritsegbulemi Oritsejafor was also present as the President of CAN and Co Chairman of NIREC.

    The Governor of Akwa Ibom State at that time was Godswill Akpabio who was also present at the occasion”.

    “But surprisingly, an incident occurred on that occasion, which has since remained an indelible scar on the body of NIREC. Shortly before the commencement of the programme, the CAN leaders suddenly came up with a strange demand.

    They indicated that the delivery of Femi Abbas’ own lecture would not be allowed. And no reason was given. All efforts by the leadership of NSCIA to know the reason why Femi Abbas’ lecture would not be allowed ended in a forlorn as CAN members threatened to walk out of the venue if NSCIA insisted on the presentation of the lecture”.

    Resolution

    After a long time of debate and arguments on that strange demand, the NSCIA decided to rest the matter by allowing CAN to have its way if only to avoid sending a wrong signal with dangerous backlash implications to the nation.

    After all, it would be ridiculous for the NSCIA with its globally acknowledged dignity to joins issues with CAN on a frivolous demand.

    Thus, the Professor from the University of Jos presented his own lecture from Christian perspective while yours sincerely was given the treatment of ‘a chicken in a pond’.

    If that was not terrorism what other name could it be called? Now, ironically, it is the same CAN that is organizing and coordinating a nationwide Christian walk against terrorism. Is that not laughable? But since no one can give what it does not have, it cannot be surprising that nationwide walk is CAN’s own solution to terrorism.

    Backlash

    For five years after that unbridled insult, no NIREC meeting was held until 2018 when another President of CAN emerged in the person of Dr. Supo Ayokunle who has since continued his predecessor’s belligerent propaganda in the name of religion.

    Meanwhile, despite the shoddy treatment given to the Muslim wing of NIREC by CAN, it was the latter that still went public on the matter by accusing the NSCIA of blocking NIREC meetings.

    But for large- heartedness and magnanimity of His Eminence, the Sultan, NIREC would have been permanently forgotten and probably consigned to the refuse bin of Nigerian history.

    Please, read below the contents of the lecture which the CAN, under Pastor Ayo Oritsejafor, prevented yours sincerely from presenting for undisclosed reason:

    The Lecture

    ‘Terrorism: Genesis, Causes, Effect and Solution’.

    “In Yoruba ancient mythology, a dragon fly dancing on the surface of a stream was believed to symbolize a puzzling omen.

    But convinced that killing the fly would not remove the omen, the elders in that vicinity consulted an oracle which disclosed that the dancing dragon fly had its drummer beneath the water.

    Unless that drummer could be identified and stopped from drumming, the dragon fly might continue to frighten the stream water drawers with its puzzling dance ad infinitum”.

    Historical Factors

    “The historical factors that gave rise to terrorism clearly transcend religion. When the first act of terrorism was perpetrated by a Jewish Zealot group, over 2,000 years ago, neither Christianity nor Islam had taken any firm root.

    Although Prophet Isa (Jesus) had come and gone by then, his divine mission had not effectively reached the Gentile. And Prophet Muhammad (SAW) who later brought Islam to mankind had not been born.

    If violence alone is what constitutes terrorism as many people wrongly tend to believe, then, it never emanated from religion though religion has sometimes been used as a cover up and blamed for it. No genuine message from Allah ordains or supports violence of any form among human beings.

    Therefore, the engendered terrorism by the Jewish Zealots in year 06 CE was rather a violent expression of resentment for the domination of the Jews by the Roman Gentile than a fight between two religions (see Luke 6:15, Acts 1: 13 and Mathew 10: 4 for confirmation in the St. James edition of the Bible). By connotation, that resentment was a resistance to exploitative domination of a culture by another culture. Thus, as it was in the beginning, so it is today.

    The Theory of Terrorism

    From the brief historical account just given above, it should be clear that terrorism is neither a phenomenon peculiar to the modern time nor a new innovation rooted in religion. And its causes and effects remain the same today as they were some centuries back.

    What should be understood about terrorists’ method of operation is that any evil doer will simply look for a justifying reason to indulge in. And it does not matter to them whether such reason is tenable or untenable.

    Read Also: Presidency lauds CAN for anti-killing protest march

     

    And, invariably, the reason often given is one that appeals to people of their like minds at least in the immediate vicinity. This is to elicit sympathy and support of feeble-minded elements around with tendency for roguery.

    The common denominator among all terrorists is the theory of “using what you have to get what you want”. This theory has a fundamental meaning to all peaceful or violent agitators in their quest for they often call redress against what they perceive as injustice”.

    Beyond Boko Haram

    “It is not only in Nigeria that some vandals like Boko Haram and Akhwat Akwop are using religion (Islam and Christianity respectively) as cover for terrorism. At least the case of Joseph Kony of Uganda who waged a rebellious war on his country and on Central Africa Republic for decades ‘in the name of Jesus’ can still be vividly remembered.

    For over two decades of his atrocious operations, that former Catholic altar boy from northern Uganda used Biblical Ten Commandments to execute his terrorist activities with which he recruited thousands of kids into his army and killed and maimed hundreds of thousands of innocent people including women and children indiscriminately.

    At least for that calamitous period, Joseph Kony and his over 3,000 heavily armed teenage soldiers that constituted a terror army in the region were a minority group among Ugandan Christians just as the devilish Boko Haram members in Nigeria are a minority group claiming to be Muslims and using Islam as a cover. Yet, Kony’s evil activities did not make him a crusader for God as he claimed neither was Christianity blamed for his satanic activities”.

    “Anybody can give any religious or mundane reason to justify any evil activity, according to his or her interpretation of the religion or ideology he claims to profess in order to get what he/she wants. But that does not make such an evil agent a true adherent or representative of his claimed religion or ideology”.

    “The concern here is much more about national security, through safety of lives and property than flagrant apportionment of blames through sheer religious sentiment”.

    Origin of Atomic Bomb

    “In modern time, the origin of using bomb either as a weapon for war or as an instrument for terrorism can be traced back to 1939.

    In August that year, a German American physicist, Albert Einstein, sent a letter to the then U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to hint him of the possibility of discovering a powerful explosive device through the fission of uranium and warned Roosevelt of the danger in allowing other nations to develop it before the US.

    In response, the U.S. government established the top secret Manhattan Project in 1942 to develop an atomic device.

    The leader of that Project was a U.S. Army Brigadier General Leslie R. Groves whose team worked in several locations but largely at Los Alamos, New Mexico, under the direction of American physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer.

    The team designed and built the first atomic bomb which was test-exploded at Alamogordo, New Mexico on July 16, 1945. And that was the weapon used by the US to destroy Japan’s two cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during the World War II an incident that brought that war to an abrupt end”.

    Non-Proliferation Treaty

    “Following the above episode, the fear of proliferation of nuclear arsenal compelled the so-called super powers to initiate the idea of Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty which was signed in 1968. By that initiative, virtually all countries of the world besides the known nine nuclear nations formally pledged not to manufacture those weapons.

    The pledge was made under the 1968 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, which came into force in 1970. The treaty was later ratified by 187 non-nuclear weapon states. Yet, secret proliferation of those weapons remains one of the major causes of terrorism in the world today”.

    Global Concern

    “The problem concerning terrorism here is not about the signing or breaching of treaty per se. Neither is it about armament reduction. It is rather about some nations’ determination to balance power with rivals.

    This was the factor that led to the invention of atomic bomb by the US in the first instance. And this factor has now advanced to the stage of balance of terror not only among nations but even more between those perceived as oppressors and certain groups who feel oppressed.

    Thus, the more the knowledge of developing weapons of mass destruction keeps spreading, and the more the strategy for policing proliferation of nuclear weapons becomes intensified, the more the world is finding it difficult to ventilate a peaceful atmosphere for any confident existence of mankind”.

    The Super Power Syndrome

    “The lopsidedness created by the super power syndrome has turned the whole world into one massive animal farm in which all animals are supposed to be equal but some are claiming to be more equal than others.

    This was the kind of situation which forced the former colonies to rebel against their colonizers in various ways in order to become independent.

    One can imagine what could have happened if other super powers like Russia and China were to be as aggressively bellicose as the US, Britain and France. Arrogance of power is a major propelling force  that often instigates terrorism in various parts of the world, which must be shed if terrorism will be sincerely repelled.

    Today, terrorism has so much become an implacable monster that no single country or clique of power mongers can confront without the cooperation of all other countries. And such cooperation must be on the terms of majority of those other countries and not on master/servant terms”.

     

    Internal Terrorism

    “As for internal terrorism which is far more dangerous than the external one, only good governance can curb it and ventilate the atmosphere for peace”.

    “No government has ever been able to defeat terrorism by the use of force. Nigeria cannot be an exception. Wherever terrorism is seen to have simmered, diplomacy and dialogue, rather than force, must have played a vital role in its dysfunction.

    This fact must be considered very seriously. And in finding solution, three major hitherto unfocused areas must now be handled without levity. One is checkmating sources of weapons used by the terrorists. Another is a device for mass employments of the youths.

    And the third is official regulation of religious propagation in the country to check possible excesses that often breed fanaticism as well as the danger in commercialization of religion. Managing these three areas will definitely make tremendous difference in curbing the spate of violence in the land”.

    Conclusion

    “Despite our diversity in tongues and faiths in Nigeria, we have managed to come this far to live together in harmony as a people. What remains is the maintenance of that togetherness based on tolerance and compromise. We must not allow religious or tribal sentiments to destroy the house which the Almighty Allah has guided us to jointly build. God bless Nigeria!

  • Makinde vs. Malami

    Segun Gbadegesin

     

    IS it a case of executive lawlessness? Or is it another case of ministerial overreach? Or is it an inevitable product of a constitutional quandary?

    Attorney-General of the Federation (AGF) and Minister of Justice Abubakar Malami is just recovering from a close shave with the menacing claws of the mean-spirited leopards of the West. But, it appears that he’s not one to be cowered by such an experience in the hands of any big cat. So, this time he got himself into another squabble, with Engineer Seyi Makinde, the PDP governor of the Pacesetter state. Trouble seems to come with the territory the AGF occupies. For him, it appears unavoidable.

    Let us, however, be clear that the AGF’s trouble with Oyo State is not of his own making. It is the lacuna created by the 1999 Constitution on the matter of local government autonomy vis-à-vis the states’ claim of supervisory authority over the third tier of our federal system of government.

    Section 7 (1) of the 1999 Constitution declares that “the system of local government by democratically elected local government councils is under this Constitution guaranteed; and accordingly, the Government of every State shall, subject to section 8 of this Constitution, ensure their existence under a Law which provides for the establishment, structure, composition, finance and functions of such councils”. (my emphasis)

    The key declaration here is the constitutional guarantee of “democratically elected local government councils” with the burden placed on every State to “ensure their existence” by legislation. The constitutional mandate appears clear enough. States are to create enabling legislations to establish democratically elected local government councils for each local government area. However, since 1999, states have done anything but respect this constitutional provision. At best, they have mostly ignored it, or at worst, they have been openly contemptuous of it. Why?

    To the question “Why?” there are charitable and uncharitable answers. The uncharitable answer depicts human nature is egoistic and state governors are just being human. This requires mind-reading for which I am not well-equipped. Therefore, I will not go there.

    The charitable answer focuses on the constitutional quandary on the nature of local governments. States governments do not see the local government as an autonomous tier of government. However, such states are being too clever by half. Afterall, the 1976 Local Government Reform was very clear in its intent of making the local government an autonomous tier of government just like the states.

    Furthermore, however, the governors have also been helped by the ambiguity of the constitutional provisions. First, there is the provision cited above, which mandates democratically elected local government councils. Second, however, there is also the provision of Section 162 which requires a State Local Government Joint Account to be supervised by the State Government. So, we have a case of political autonomy without financial autonomy. But we know that without the latter, the former is dead. Governors know this and have exploited the constitutional quagmire.

    Two efforts have been made in recent times to correct this anomaly. First, though, the National Assembly came late to this recognition, it eventually passed the Local Government Autonomy (Amendment) Bill in 2018. The amendment gives teeth to Section 7 (1) with a provision that withholds legal recognition from local government councils that are not democratically elected: “A local government council not democratically elected shall not be recognized by all authorities and persons and shall not be entitled to any revenue allocation from the Federation Account or the state government”. Further, “It shall not also exercise any function exercisable by a local government council under this Constitution or any law for the time being in force.”

    Though the 8th National Assembly had passed this Bill, for the same reason alluded to above on the attitude of state governments to local government, it did not secure the necessary two-third concurrence of the State Houses of Assembly.

    The second effort was the recent guideline from the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) which sought to boost the financial autonomy of local government councils by releasing them from the suffocating grip of state governments. As to be expected, the governors, through its corporate entity, Nigerian Governors’ Forum (NGF) kicked against the guidelines. It accused NFIU of dabbling into a matter that is beyond its mandate and it insists on the letters of the 1999 Constitution which provides for State, Local Government Joint Account.

    Recently, the 9th National Assembly has waded into the controversy with a bill to amend the 1999 Constitution by abrogating the State, Local Government Joint Account and making provision for each local government to create and maintain its own special account to be identified as Local Government Allocation Account. Federal allocations as well as allocations from Internally Generated Revenue of the state shall be deposited directly into this account.

    Going by the failed experience of the 8th National Assembly to secure the concurrence of two thirds of State Assemblies for its local government autonomy bill, we cannot be optimistic about the success of this new initiative. But we are also not unmindful of the unreliability of inductive reasoning.

    The foregoing takes a cue from the constitutional muddle that provides for democratically elected local government councils but also makes provision for those councils to be tied to the financial apron string of state governments which effectively denies them autonomy. For state governments, this is the way it should be because they don’t see local governments as an independent tier of government. Therefore, dissolving elected local government councils, or refusing to conduct democratic elections, and creating ad-hoc caretaker committees to which they appoint their loyalists, are all in tandem with this belief in the dependency of local governments on state governments.

    As it should be, the initiatives and counter initiatives have been largely limited to the National Assembly, State Assemblies and State Governors. The Federal Executive has not had much to do with the back and forth beside waiting to assent to or withhold assent from a bill that is passed to the President. Until now, with the AGF’s letter to Oyo State Governor Makinde. But that letter was not just out of the blues. It was pursuant to the decision of the third branch, which has the constitutional mandate to clear constitutional fogs.

    On Friday, December 9, 2016, a Supreme Court panel of five justices issued a decision on an appeal filed by the Governor of Ekiti State and Others against the judgment of an Appeal Court over the power of the governor to dissolve democratically elected government councils. In that unanimous judgment, the Court decided against the state government, nullifying Section 23B of the State Law on Local Government Councils which provides that the State Government could dissolve a democratically elected local government council and replace it with a Caretaker Committee, because that section is inconsistent with Section 7 (1) of the 1999 Constitution.

    Since this is the verdict of the highest court of the land, it is expected to be valid for all state governments in their interaction with their local government councils. Yet, according to recent media reports, at least 13 states, including Oyo State, have either dissolved their democratically elected local government councils or have neglected to conduct democratic elections since the ruling.

    With a subsisting Supreme Court decision in place, instead of sacking the democratically elected chairmen and councilors, the Oyo State Governor should have approached the Court to challenge the legality of their election. Now, he has belatedly and curiously gone to the High Court of Oyo State to have his dissolution of the local government councils protected from the Supreme Court decision.

    As Chief Law Officer, Malami feels an obligation to correct this anomaly which amounts to a mockery of our system of law. There is just one problem. Despite his official status, the AGF is seen as a political appointee with partisan interests. But the Supreme Court itself must certainly have an abiding interest in the enforcement of its judicial decisions. Therefore, the victims of executive judicial coup and the AGF need to exercise their right and responsibility to seek the Supreme Court’s intervention in the impasse.

     

     

  • CAN’s salvo against CAN

     Femi Abbas

     

    “Right-wing propagandists like Limbaugh and Coulter are essentially entertainers, entertainers who stimulate prejudice, selfishness and meanness the way a comedian works for laughs or a tragedian plays for tears. Theirs is a new art form, exclusive to America and bewilderingly successful. In place of traditional conservative ideology, they offer their audience partisan belligerence and a complete package of mail-order hatreds, designed for the conceptually and ethically impaired”.    By Hal Crowther

     

    Peoples’ public utterances or conducts, in any decent society or civilized culture, are a vivid reflection of the houses in which those people live. A discernible person does not necessarily need to visit such houses before knowing whether they are built of glass or of mud.

    Perhaps, that is why a common African adage which says that “an empty vessel makes the loudest noise”, is always handy and potent across nations and cultures in this tropic continent when it comes to lousiness in utterances.

    Whenever some concerned  Muslims become restless and agitated about the constant foraging belligerence with which some unguarded mouths whose monotonous hobby is to disparage Islam and Muslims that adage is the reference with which they are calmed.

    After all, it is better for any bottle that is overfilled with a bobbling liquid to experience a revolt from within its hollow self than from outside its clime. That is a matter of diabolical insurrection. It was this undisputable   fact that motivated the title of today’s article in this column.

     

    The First Salvo

    The first salvo against the unbridled allegations of Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) was fired last week, by an unassuming   Nigerian member of that Association who is known for thoroughness and frankness on conviction.

    His name is Philip Agbese, a Christian theology teacher from Benue State. His salvo this time was aimed at curbing certain frivolously reckless statements often made bellicosely by certain unguarded clerics in the name of CAN.

    But despite the frankness with which he sent his message, Philip Agbese, as usual, ensured that his message was a clear admonition meant to save today’s Nigerian Christian flock from derailing spiritually. Below is his message:

    “Let me begin with self-introduction. I am a Christian and a communicant of the Roman Catholic sect. In life, change is inevitable. So, at some point in my undergraduate days, my faith dragged me to the Pentecostal ministry on campus.

    I rose to the rank of an Assistant Pastor with a campus Pentecostal ministry. I have served in similar capacities at home and abroad.

    I played strong and influencing roles at the University of Ilorin Christian Fellowship Association (UCFA). It was at a time most of the leaders of the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) now were still in Theological Seminaries for vocational training in order to become pastors”.

     

    Testimony

    “By my religious practice, I have tested the fruits and experienced the teachings/doctrines of both orthodox and Pentecostal Christian sects. My faith has remained strong and unwavering in the worship of God through the Christian religion.

    My romance with multiple Christian organizations is enduring. I am versed in the doctrines of the church and the modus operandi of Christian associations, like adherents of Aristotle and Socrates.

    In the past few days, the leadership of the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN), its sub- associations and the Presidency have been embroiled in very bile public altercations.

    The recent war of words is spurred by the unfortunate abduction and eventual death of Pastor Lawan Andimi, the CAN Chairman, Michika LGA, Adamawa state and others by Boko Haram/ISWAP terrorists in Nigeria.

    It’s a doleful moment for the Christian community in Nigeria. I empathize with all the brethren and the government of Nigeria over these tragic incidents.

    Like English poet and cleric in the Church of England, John Donne said in a verse, “Oh death, thou are wicked.” May we be consoled, as we pray for God’s intervention to halt the evil and beastliness which have engulfed our land”.

     

    Unwarranted Brawls

    The brawls between CAN leaderships at different levels and the Presidency as symbolized by Special Adviser to the President on Media and Publicity, Mr. Femi Adesina have degenerated into plain invectives and resort to uncouth language by CAN, which smolders with hate passions.

    I have keenly monitored these exchanges. What I discerned clearly is its slide into who is right or wrong between CAN and Adesina. And by my treasured experience, vintage position and knowledge of the issues, I should be able to tell between CAN and Adesina who is wrong.

    Abroad for further studies, I remained an elder in the Student Campus Fellowship of Salem Church, United Kingdom (UK).

    I have busied myself with the gospel for many years in foreign lands. And I still render my assistance even whilst on leave from the pulpit. All these qualify me both as a believer and a Christian elder to interrogate the position of these two believers- that is, CAN and Adesina”.

     

    Disappointing response

    The recent response of a Christian sub-group by the identity of Nigeria Christian Graduate Fellowship (NCGF) to Adesina titled “No, Adesina, You Are Wrong,” was most disappointing. It was signed by Prof. Charles Adisa and Mr Onyenachi Nwaegeruo, National President and General Secretary of the association respectively.

    In the public statement, in reaction to the Presidential media aide’s earlier position at the doorstep of CAN’s national leadership, I was stunned at the sheer display of unjustified anger, umbrage and a vacuous appeal to Adesina to repress the truth because it concerns Christians.

    We must know and uphold the religious sanctity that truth should not only be domiciled in our churches, but also in our hearts as Christians.

    We cannot seek to replace mendacity with falsehood because of the desperation to erect a bulwark around Christianity. I find the outbursts of CAN and NCGF very abhorring; profanely ungodly!

    I perused repeatedly to find where Adesina’s reply to CAN denigrated church leadership, disappointed Christian or where he reneged from supporting the church when it mattered most as generously pontificated by NCGF. But there was no such clue either overt or concealed”.

     

    Partisan “Messengers

    Some of us have come to understand that national leadership of CAN and affiliate associations have become misguided and partisan messengers of God on the pulpit.

    They have no regard for either the teachings of Christ or the religious doctrines they publicly profess. They have de-robed themselves of truth for partisan convenience!

    For a first, it is now common knowledge that CAN has over polluted itself and can no longer speak for the body of Christ.

    Yes, I say this with a religious conviction because in our clime, religion and politics are distinct. Any attempt to lump the two as presently promoted by CAN disrupts religious and political harmony.

    So, CAN or NCGF’s statement in countering Adesina were more political and betrayed the body of Christ in Nigeria.

    I agree with Adesina that CAN cannot mix sympathy and bias wrapped in one. CAN cannot erect a multiple tripod. It should confine itself to issues of religion. It has no business dictating to President Muhammadu Buhari how to administer Nigeria or when to sack his Service and Security Chiefs”.

     

    Functions of Opposition

    CAN cannot overtly perform the functions of opposition parties. And that’s where Adesina is right! It was enough to mourn the death of Pastor Andimi and others murdered by terrorists.

    It touches my heart deeply. It was alright to persuade the Presidency to ensure the release of our little sister, Leah Sharibu still in captivity of Boko Haram.

    But I was amazed when CAN began to raise issues of the President’s bias, nepotism or lopsided appointments and determining who should be sacked, retained or appointed by Mr. President. It is stretching their freedom of expression and religious liberty beyond the limits of church righteousness”.

     

    Discord and concord

    “Adesina could not have been wrong to draw attention to their reckless comments. Like Adesina said, “You can’t sow discord, and expect concord.” I don’t know which clause in Nigeria’s laws recognizes CAN under the Federal Character principle for it to morph into a partisan or ethnic pressure group against the federal government. The response of NCGF was most unchristian.

    They bandied falsehood, as facts and inflated figures of terrorism/ herdsmen killings in Nigeria under the Buhari Presidency. And NCGF embellished hate preachments coated in their known partisan biases.

    I was pissed off completely, when NCGF said, “Finally, on the general security situation in the country, does it not occur to Adesina that he is deluded to believe that their government is winning the war against insurgency? He is not seeing that whatever seem to be the magic and gains of 2015 has been reversed in 2019.

    Yes, there are no incessant bomb explosions, but number of Nigerians killed by Boko Haram and Fulani herdsmen between 2018-2019 are far higher than 2009-2014. Can Adesina check available records both within and outside the country?”

    Haba! Why would leaders of the church publicly lie so freely? I don’t know which authority they gleaned to arrive at such humongous figures”.

    Read Also: CAN disowns ‘pastor’ who faked own kidnap

     

    Report of Amnesty

    I advise CAN to visit the 2019 report of Amnesty International (AI), Nigeria’s covert enemies; Human Rights Watch (HRW) and any other such organization which document Boko Haram/herdsmen killings in Nigeria within the period they cited. Its only at this point, CAN would realize that they lied to themselves and the Christian community while standing on the sacred pulpit.

    Let me juxtapose this single incident of terrorism. On January 3-7, 2015, serial raids of Baga town, in Northern Borno state by Boko Haram, left nearly 2,000 persons dead.

    When CAN takes time to consult AI, HRW and similar other organizations’ latest reports on documented history of Boko Haram/herdsmen killings, it will dawn on these leaders how they lied to service their ego. I don’t expect barefaced lies from my Christian brethren intent of discrediting the Buhari Presidency.

    And as far back as 2013, former President Goodluck Jonathan told the UNGA in New York that Boko Haram has killed over 13, 000 Nigerians from 2009 to 2013.

    These are figures in public domain. CAN cannot mix hatred for Buhari with hypocritic posturing for Nigeria’s Christian community.

    Buhari is antichristian, insisted NCGF! That has been the narrative concocted against President Buhari for ages. But in the general Christian community in Nigeria, we have come to know it only exists in the imagination of leaders of CAN.

    Adesina cannot be wrong by asserting that such malicious persecution of Buhari has outlived its usefulness. It’s extremely stale! Facts on the ground heatedly contradicts the position of these CAN leaders”.

     

    Candid Advice

    “I advise CAN and other Nigerians not to look far, but revisit even results of the 2019 presidential elections in Nigeria. Buhari was not only overwhelmingly reelected with majority votes.

    Interestingly however, bulk of these votes for President Buhari came from Christians and Christian states.

    What other affirmation does CAN requires to know President Buhari has no religious bias or is an Islamic extremist? Much as I can understand, CAN leaders spoke in favour of personalized convictions, which have nothing to do with Nigeria’s Christian community or the Church of God.

    I dare say, whilst Adesina is doing his job as Presidential spokesman and can easily be forgiven, the leadership of CAN is indebted to Nigerians. CAN owes the entire body of Christ in Nigeria an apology for polluting the organization with lies and profane thoughts.

    It must apologize for its other scandalous acts. This CAN is evil in itself and the crux of the multi-layered problems besieging and compounding Nigeria’s progressive development”.

     

    Boko Haram and CAN

    “May I boldly state that CAN is older than Boko Haram in evil and wickedness. It is better for unbelievers to pledge allegiance to the god of Mammon, but worse for believers. The Bible says such a person will roast in hell.

    This is the same body that went to town to celebrate one of its own after a sister accused him of rape. It took the intervention of some “ungodly believers” Christians’ like us for the voice of the sister to be heard, even if for the sake of fairness.

    It is the same CAN that defended Apostle Johnson Suleiman of Omega Fire Ministries (OFM) who stood on the sacred altar and incited his congregants to kill every Fulani man at sight, much against Biblical injunctions and religious/church teachings.

    I have known CAN for many years as a disgrace to the body of Christ. In 2005, one of the wings of CAN was enmeshed in the Benny Hinn crusade scandal in Nigeria for doing everything wrong.

    That wing of CAN later took over the leadership of CAN. It has left us with this odious stench that each time we tell people that we are Christians, we must hide our faces in shame”.

     

    Conclusion

    CAN, you are so wrong on the Buhari Presidency! I pray that CAN should rediscover itself. Almighty God, we seek your intervention!”

     

    Second Salvo

    In another development, one other Christian group named United Christian Forum of Nigeria (UCFN) made a press on Tuesday, January 28, 2020. In which it differred with CAN on Religious Persecution” and caution the latter against inflaming the country with religious brigandage.

    The group disagreed with the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) over the latter’s allegation that the Boko Haram unrest was targeted at persecution of Christians. The Secretary-General of UCFN, Rev. Oyekanmi Rafael who presented the statement advised the leadership of CAN and opposition politicians against helping insurgents to cause unrest in the country.

    Addressing a world press conference in Lagos, the forum expressed worry over what it called, “wording and choice of language” used by CAN and opposition leaders in response to recent killings in the North-East. Rev. Rafael stressed that playing the religious card could sow the seed of “discord, disunity and inflame passions of hate and violence in Nigeria.”

    He decried the recent killings and attacks carried out by the Boko Haram and Islamic State of West African Province (ISWAP), as well as the high rate of kidnapping, abductions, armed robbery, herders/farmers clashes and other communal activities.

    The UCFN scribe specifically condemned the killing of CAN chairman of Michika LGA in Adamawa State, Pastor Lawan Andimi by the Boko Haram and other clergymen murdered by the insurgents while commiserating with their families.

    The group however differed with the CAN leadership, saying it was “astounded” by their reaction which gave religious colouration to the heightened insurgents’ attacks. “But as much as these incidents are painful and near inconsolable especially to the families of the victims, there is cause for us as leaders at whatever level or as individuals to observe restraint in the sentimental interpretations we give to the unfortunate incidents”.

     

    Comment

    Given the delicate national situation of this period in Nigeria, it is assumed that the two statements above will not be tagged a ploy to ‘islamize’ Nigeria as the usual? Those two statements were brought up in this column not only to show that some people are reasoning, but also to congratulate Muslim leaders in the country for not joining provocative words with war mongers.

  • Nigeria’s killer squads 2

    By Femi Abbas

     

    Another week of tears and sorrow began in Nigeria last Monday with throbs of agonizing   breaking news from the media waves revealing an episode of gruesome murder of two prominent Nigerians in two different parts of the country.

    One of those said to have been murdered was Reverend Lawan Andimi, the Chairman of the Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN) in Michika Local Government area of Adamawa State. The other, was Idnatius Adunukwe, a Lagos-based billionaire business mogul from Ebugu State.

    The one was reportedly killed in Michika, Adamawa State of Northern Nigeria by members of the satanic group of brigands called Boko Haram. The other was allegedly killed by certain dare devil agents of the Lucifer in Ajah, Lekki area of Lagos State.

     

    The Puzzling Aspect

    The puzzling aspect of the agonizing incidents is the coincidence in time and manner of the murder of both men almost one thousand kilometers apart. Yet, there is no evidence of any linkage in the evil operations of those criminal groups.

    This is a confirmation that money-induced crimes have become a coded conundrum which all Nigerians must jointly stand up with determination to decode in unison irrespective of ethnic or religious background.

    To engage in stratification of such crimes by narrowing them down to religion, as some people are now doing, is to trivialize human life and thereby strengthen the criminals who often take joy in societal division over their criminal activities.

     

    Equal Mourning

    Incidentally, the two personalities murdered for ransom this time are Christians whose deaths deserve equal condemnation and mourning.

    And it is evident that over 95% of those who have been killed in the Northeast region since the emergence of Boko Haram in 2009 were Muslims. Also, more than 90% of those displaced from their homes and are still aimlessly marauding are Muslims.

    If the human vampires called Boko Haram members are hiding under religion to commit death-terminating crime, does that make them religious? And in another skirmish in the same Northeast region about three days ago, seven Nigerian soldiers were killed by Boko Haram devil in an ambush were several others were terribly wounded.

    And nobody asked whether those killed soldiers were Muslims or Christians. All we know is that they were human beings and Nigerians who ordinarily deserved to live and live well.

    If the devil reincarnate group in Lagos and other parts of the country are taking business as the cloak under which they are operating, does that make them business people? From the names and origin of those arrested for killing billionaire Anukwu, it is clear that they are all Christians? In such a situation what moral right will anybody claim to term the killing of that man a religious persecution?

     

    In the Melee

    Unfortunately, in the melee of all these crimes the only available weapon for most Nigerians (Muslims or Christians) to counter the seemingly implacable menace in the country is verbal condemnation which is grossly ineffective. If there is any time to admit the truth and face the reality that crime has neither religion nor ethnicity, it is now.

     

    A Criminal Conundrum

    Before the two men named above were gruesomely   murdered, they had been separately kidnapped for ransom and their killers did not ask about their ethnicity or religion.

    What mattered to those devil reincarnates was money and nothing more than the satanic money which they wanted by all means.

    By the way, even after the devils that killed CAN Chairman were offered N50 million, according to reports, did they not go ahead to kill him? And that was not the first time they did that. The case of a Muslim traditional ruler who was killed in a similar circumstance remains fresh in the memory of his family and relatives.

     

    What Matters

    On the other hand, what now matters to the families, relatives and associates of these two latest victims as well as all other Nigerians who value sanctity of human life is the fact that the two murdered personalities were not just human beings but also Nigerians with right to live.

    They had spouses, children and dependents. Thus, they were not the only victims of such fortuitous death in the hands of those devils. Their dependents too have been subjected to partial death.

    Although the criminals in the case of Adunukwe have been arrested, according to the Nigerian Police, and they have reportedly made confessional and other useful statements, many questions are still waiting for answers.

    For instance what becomes of those criminals after arrest and trial? And how can such evil occurrences be   prevented permanently in Nigeria? Meanwhile, there has been no clue to how the kidnappers and killers of the murdered CAN Chairman can be tracked down and arrested. Rather, we are all busy lamenting as if lamentation is the solution to these heinous crimes.

     

    Incompatible Law

    Now, if we truly want to face the reality of this time in Nigeria without self-deception, we should reintroduce death sentence as punishment for murder and even other major crimes including corruption.

    To continue with a law system that is incompatible with our culture and tradition as Nigerians is to set a guillotine for ouselves in a deceptive circumstance.

    Besides, should the loud echoes of ‘human rights’ for criminals who sentence innocent Nigerians to death without any regard for law be further encouraged? Is human rights advocacy for criminals not tantamount to encouragement for crimes? We need to ponder on these facts and call on our legislators to act accordingly.

    We are able to lament on the death of those who were gruesomely killed because we are alive, we do not know whose turn is next under the criminals’ guillotine.

     

    Nigeria as a Drama Theatre

    Writing a drama is like conceiving a pregnancy in the womb of a woman. Can any responsible impregnator claim to be confortable until the conceived child is delivered? For a drama to be practically actable the writer must take into consideration not only the theme, the setting, the characters and the complications that may build up spirally to the climax in such a drama. He must also think of the anti-climax of the drama as well as its possible denouement.

     

    A Playwright’s Ingenuity

    Nothing shows the ingenuity of a playwright as vividly as the crew of actors who put into action the script that gives brings the drama alive on stage in the first place.

    Such is like delivering a pregnant woman of her pregnancy successfully. If the delivery process is not carefully handled, the deliverer may end up becoming an undertaker.

    And that is when a drama is said to be tragic. The similitude of a playwright in today’s Nigeria is like that of the rule of law.

    In any democratic country, operating laws are based on the constitution. But where the constitution of country is borrowed from another country without any regard for the cultural tradition of the borrower, any misdemeanour of such a country must not be seen as strange.

     

    The World as a Paradox

    The entire world today is a paradoxical theatre in which about eight billion human beings including Nigerians are watching a drama. Whether for ecstasy or dismay, the viewers of the drama may randomly roar into controversies as the drama progresses. But the main concern of each viewer in the theatre is what may become of his favourite character.

    Read Also: NGF condemns killing of CAN chairman by Boko Haram

     

    In the current global drama against which we had been admonished in the Qur’an as quoted above, the concern of this columnist is the ‘colony’ called Nigeria.

    This is not just because the colony is my immediate constituency it is also because Nigeria is the heart of Africa and the headquarters of the black race. If anything negative happens to her the whole of Africa and even the entire black race may cease to be at rest.

     

    Hidden Agenda

    A clandestine script was unveiled in respect of Nigeria in 1995. Its contents revealed that this heart of Africa called Nigeria was heading for a break up by year 2015.

    The designers of that devilish agenda had set a timeframe of 20 years for its execution without suggesting any solution. And, to portray their dream as a realizable one, they kept hammering the probability of the success of that obnoxious project using some hazardous occurrences in the land as evidence.

    For students of International Relations, such a prediction could not have been strange. It was part of the strategies often used by the imperialists either to re-colonize some old colonies psychologically or to scoop on and dominate their economies in a typical imperial capitalist manner.

    They had done it successfully in some other countries none of which is now firmly on her feet. Vietnam, Korea, Yemen, Syria, Iraq, Pakistan, former Yugoslavia, Somalia, Sudan, Palestine and lately the entire Arab nations all of which have had their bitter testes of the pillage can testify to this assertion.

    It is a modern day equivalence of the 1884 partition of Africa carried out in Berlin, Germany, by the European imperialists, which led to the colonization of African tribes. If any of the above countries had resisted the evil project and stood their ground at the time of execution of that evil project, perhaps the world would have been spared of the throat-cutting threat posed today by the United States and her allies against what they perceive as lesser nations.

     

    The Cult of Capitalism

    Incidentally, the US which now champions the imperialists’ cult had also been a victim of this same imperialists’ guillotine especially in the hands of Britain.

    Yet, the cult of capitalism which has become their common bound would not allow the duo of US and Britain, which had been mutually antagonistic, to dwell differently today because it is only in such connivance that the fruits of their common interest can be harvested.

    Unfortunately, Nigeria doesn’t seem to have learned any lesson from countries that had toed the imperialists’ path.

    Rather than looking inwards for solution to our domestic problems as the US did before the two World Wars, our governments (Federal and State) do not only look up to ‘Uncle Sam’ for solution even to a minor problem but also cry out to the President of America for help to overcome minor hitches.

    It is just like the situation of a baby who has so much adapted to being spoon-fed that he would want the ladle to remain in his mouth even while asleep.

     

    Today’s Nigerians

    Today, Nigerians can hardly think on anything without reference to America or Europe. Whereas some progressive countries like Japan, China, India, Brazil and even the United States in their days of search for growth and development shut their doors to the world and made do with whatever they could produce internally which was why their sudden zoom into the limelight came to the world as a surprise.

    This has never taught Nigeria any lesson. Rather, all that matters here is empty and monotonous noise about becoming one of the biggest economies in a particular year even when there is no concrete plan for such.

    No truly progressive country has ever indulged in such a senseless propaganda with success. What would have ordinarily justified such   propaganda is to surprisingly zoom into the global economic stage as the above listed countries had done. But Nigeria’s endemic corruption that has become a culture would not allow such a progressive leap.

     

    Security Architecture

    The security of any serious country is like the heart in human body. Handing it over to someone else is like paving way for one’s own death. No serious government will ever trivialize the existence of its nation to that extent.

    We all know that whoever pays the piper must surely dictate the tune. And in diplomacy, there is neither permanent friend nor permanent enemy.

    A government is said to be of essence and in control of affairs only if it is believed to be capable of protecting its citizenry and defending the territorial integrity of its nation.

    Any government that is incapable of doing this and would rather decide to throw the gates of its nation open to foreigners for whatever reason is unfit to be called a government.

    That was the prevailing situation for many years before the current government came on board. But despite well intentioned efforts of the current regime to rectify the situation, the forces of evil are bent on the continuity of their evil machinations as facilitated by indemnified corruption. Where are going from here?

     

    Nigeria’s Vintage Position

    The real problem that Nigeria constitutes in Africa today is that of serving as a regional incubator for corruption and yet continues to depend on the engineers of Africa’s problems for unrealizable solution. In a logical poetic stanza many centuries ago, an Arab poet once opined thus:

    “We all blame our time for our misdemeanour; when the misdemeanour blamed on our time is actually in us; We smear time with all types of iniquities and yet expect time to cleanse us of any blame; Were time endowed with mouth to comment on us, it would have blamed us for generating all crimes; Certainly no hyena eats a fellow hyena; as some of us, humans, openly eat the flesh of our fellow human beings”.

     

    The Truth of the Matter

    The truth of the matter is that the roots of the multi-dimensional problems staring Nigeria on the face today are traceable mostly to the corridors of our governments.

    Of all the vices that constitute seemingly insuperable problems for Nigeria today particularly corruption, none originated from a source other than that of the governments. Even where such corruption happens in the private sector, it will be discovered to be a derivative of the public sector either through obnoxious policies or deliberate nepotism or religious irredentism.

    How, on earth, can we classify the case of a notorious, so-called frontline cleric, who was given contract by the government in 2014 to smuggle arms and ammunition into our country from South Africa with his own private jet in the name of political patronage in a multi ethnic and multi religious society like Nigeria? Yet, the same government wanted Nigerians to accept that fraudulent act as a normal government business.

     

    We are our own Problem

    We are our own problem. We know the sources of what we call problems. And we know how to proffer solution to them.

    But we inadvertently incubate such problems to enable us find our own selfish way without minding where that way may lead us. And, like ‘lotus eaters’ in ‘Odipuxs Rex’, we are so much drunk with the lotion of corruption that it has become difficult if not impossible for us to part way with it.

    Thus, like the pot that calls the kettle black we continue to deceive ourselves by mischievously passing the bulk anytime the die is cast.

     

    Admonition

    Allah’s words will never look for relevance. They are forever the reference points for those who are rightly guided. Through such words, Allah warns in Qur’an 13:11 thus: “Surely, Allah does not change the situation of a nation or community until they themselves have resolved to change it through their attitude”.

    Acting the imperialists’ evil script as often done will do no one any good in this country. Nigeria must be herself without blindly imitating any other country. The beginning may be tough. The road may be rough. The journey may be long. But the destination is reachable. GOD SAVE NIGERIA!

  • Is there not a cause?

    By Segun Gbadegesin

     

    In the wisdom of the elders, “ejo la a ko, a kii ko ija” (It is better to learn how to state your case well than to learn how to fight an opponent). For, if you are able to state your case well to prospective adjudicators, thus helping them to understand the justice of your cause, fighting may be unnecessary.

    Thus, it was in the days that King Saul was bombarded by the Philistines, and he felt overwhelmed despite his fame as a superior warrior, that David, a young herdsman from the house of Jesse offered to help. It was an unusual offer. He wasn’t visibly prepared for war. He was in his shepherd’s robe. He was sent to the camp with supplies to his older brothers who did not take kindly to his poking his nose into an affair that was none of his business. David’s response was direct and on point: Is there not a cause?

    Israel was under siege. The army of the “uncircumcised” was defying the army of the God of Israel. For David, that was the cause. And it called for an effect, namely, those who could must show up with help. And as Malcolm Gladwell brilliantly explains in his book, David and Goliath, though we are used to the popular fiction of David just having a sling and a few stones, the depth of his expertise in the field of battle, including his specialization in the use of sling was beyond reproach. And as the story ended, Goliath underestimated it to his peril. Lesson: Do not underestimate the strength that your adversaries with a life and death choice facing them bring to the battle that you initiate.

    Twelve years ago, Mallam Umaru Musa Yar’Adua was the President. During his short presidency, the country did not experience the long stretch of insecurity that has become its lot since 2013. Boko Haram was just beginning to emerge but not in its current demonic and deadly form. The Southwest was relatively peaceful, and PDP was in control of five states excluding Lagos. Though a majority of the zone’s politically active residents clamored for true federalism and state police, no action was taken beyond usual releases and rallies. Beyond the strength of the belief that true federalism is the most effective system to advance the development of the country and its people, there was no life and death choice in the matter at that time. There was not a cause.

    Fast forward to mid-2019, and the visually blind could sense the trouble the Southwest was in, if nothing was done. Kidnappers were on the loose. Armed robbery was on the rise. Cultists were kings of the night and day. There was hardly a day that news of gory killings on the highways did not send chilling alerts to residents with worries about who may be next? Many abandoned traveling on the highways. It was in the midst of these that Afenifere Leader, Pa Fosoranti’s daughter, Mrs. Funke Olakunrin, was brutally killed in broad daylight along Benin-Ore road. Naturally, Yorubaland was in a rude shock. And justifiably, the demand for government action to protect the people grew louder. After all, security is the foremost responsibility of government. And since the closest authority to the people are the state governors of the zone, they were the focus of their demand. Is there not a cause?

    On this page on June 28, 2019, I observed that security must be a coordinated effort on the part of the governors and the people, that the various cases of violent crime had shown us that criminals do not respect state borders and that crime is easily transportable. Therefore, we expected our state governors to act in concert. They did! Is there not a cause? So what’s the fuss?

    The 1999 Constitution, imposed by an unelected military regime, vested security of the entire country in the federal government’s police and the military forces. Yet, the same Constitution designates the state governors as Chief Security Officers (CSO) of their states and allocates security funds for this purpose. In their judgement as CSO, each came to the conclusion that the unacceptable wave of violent crime in the Southwest can only be effectively tackled by a coordinated effort on the part of all the governors. Thus, Operation Amotekun (Western Nigeria Security Network) was born to complement the efforts of the federal security infrastructure by providing needed intelligence, which can only be effectively sourced by locals. Is there not a cause?

    But an officious Attorney-General of the Federation (AGF) can only see illegality in the efforts of a people to secure themselves and their land. Something must be terribly wrong here. Five of the governors that facilitated the birth of Amotekun are APC stalwarts and presumably presidential loyalists. Can they possibly reconcile themselves to their government’s criminalization of their efforts? The discussions prior to the launching of the security outfit included the Office of the Inspector General. The governors were insistent from the beginning that they were only complementing the federal security operations in the zone. Pray, what is illegal here?

    Predictably, Amotekun is already having some consequences, some of them likely unintended. The Southwest has always been a political cesspool of colliding ambitions standing in the way of much needed unity. Suddenly, Amotekun has appeared as a unifier. First, there is an unusual bipartisan effort on the part of governors; and second, there is a buy-in by stakeholders including traditional rulers and religious leaders, many of whom have not always seen eye to eye. This unity of purpose is a testament to the heightened sense of insecurity generated mid-year 2019, and a readiness to embrace any promising agenda to stop it.

    “But an officious Attorney-General of the Federation (AGF) can only see illegality in the efforts of a people to secure themselves and their land. Something must be terribly wrong here”

    It is also true, however, that the intervention of the AGF has led to another unintended consequence, certainly on his part. For many years or decades, the Southwest has championed the cause of re-federalization in reaction to continued unitarization. This effort has been met by strong resistance on the part of unitarists. Amotekun was not in any way another effort in that direction. It was simply a desperately needed measure to secure a people traumatized on their highways and inside their domains by kidnappers, armed robbers and cultists as central government security forces proved ineffective.

    To their surprise, however, an overbearing Leviathan at the center, through its Chief Law Officer decided to throw a spanner in the wheel of progressive security vehicle launched by the zone. Predictably, there was a unified defiant reaction to AGF’s sophomoric legal challenge. Why was this predictable even as political unity had been unpredictable for ages? Simply, it strikes at the core of the people’s humanity. Insecurity is a nonpartisan evil. To feel unsafe in one’s house has no party logo. Chiefs and commoners were kidnapped or killed in the height of the tension. The people saw the AGF’s intervention as an insensitive insult because it didn’t take their wellbeing into consideration, or worse, it could care less about it.

    It is usual for the type of response from the federal government through the AGF to lead to an unintended consequence with a more far reaching outcome for the collective. Thus, there are now calls for an all-out struggle for the re-federalization of the nation. The rationale is simple. Citizens feel that they have been suffering and smiling for quite a long time even prior to 2015 when the present administration was inaugurated. The counterproductive goal of uniformity has been substituted for the noble task of unity. In the process, the diversity that was initially acknowledged to be our strength has been jettisoned on the altar of homogeneity. If a reasonable effort to secure the people in a zone which has been most accommodative of all comers would be declared illegal contrary to the spirit of the constitution which recognizes governors as the Chief Security Officers of their states, then, we might as well go the whole stretch for true federalism. This is where the defiance of an inconsiderate and unguarded pronouncement by the AGF is leading the country.

    Surely, there is a cause.

     

     

     

     

  • The ethos of public service

    Segun Gbadegesin

     

    I BEGIN this piece with a proposition that I intend to defend and canvass: Public service is for the promotion, furtherance, and achievement of the public good, and this is the only justification for any person going into public service. Therefore, promotion of private gain must not be the focus of the thought or conduct of a public servant. In this era of justified cynicism and skepticism about public servants and private gain, this view of public service may be considered too unrealistic to be true. I know, and it is sad.

    To underscore my understanding of that cynical mindset, I confess that this piece is triggered by media reports on some lawmakers’ complaint about the “insulting” N2 million Christmas allowance they received when they were expecting multiples of tens of millions. That is just one instance, and the latest, of many examples of the excesses of our lawmakers. How can a focus on private gains by a category of public servants in the nation be reconciled with the view that public service is for public good and that the only justification for going into it is to promote the good of the public?

    Before I answer this important question, a word on my view of public service and public servants. For both terms, there is a narrow definition and a broad definition. For the narrow definition, public service is synonymous with Civil Service, the bureaucratic wing of governments which provides various services for local, state, and national governments. Such services include fire service, postal service, health care, public works, education, criminal justice, etc. These are public because they serve the public. By the same token, public servants are civil servants appointed or elected to carry out these various tasks.

    For the broad definition, I follow the insight of Leon Duguit who, almost a century ago, understood public service as “every activity of general interest which is of such an importance to the entire collectivity that those in authority are under a duty to insure its accomplishment in an absolutely continuous manner, even by the use of force.” (The Concept of Public Service, Yale Law Journal, 1923).

    The foregoing broad definition offered by Duguit captures the essence of public service by identifying it with the justification of the state itself. We come together as individuals to create the state upon which we confer a sovereign status. But the justification for the sovereignty is not an inherent right of the collective. Rather it is the duty of the collective entity to carry out certain tasks which are central to the continuity of the entity. These include health, education, defence against external attack, internal security, justice, social services, including welfare of the vulnerable, etc. But for all these to operate, there must be enabling laws and regulations. Hence the need for a special class of public servants, namely law makers, law executors, and law adjudicators.

    For this reason, Duguit substitutes the concept of the state as “a sovereign power which commands” for that of the state as “a cooperation of public service, constituted, regulated, directed, and controlled by those in authority, who in doing so, fulfill the obligation imposed upon them by the rule of law based upon the social solidarity.” The importance of this emphasis on public service as the defining character of the state cannot be overemphasized despite the temptation of realpolitik. Sure, the state exercises power, including the monopoly of force. But the justification for that power is the service of public good. Otherwise it is not different from the brute power exercised by an armed robber.

    And what is even more significant for the concept of public service understood as the underlying justification for the state is that obedience is conditioned upon the relevance of the command to a public service. From which it also follows that “in all well-organized countries there should exist a right of recourse against all acts whatever of those in authority which exceed the aim of public service, be it through an act of legislation, or through an individual act.” More than 10 years ago, (September 2009) on this page, I made a similar argument in support of the right of citizens against a dysfunctional government in a democratic republic. If subjects of a king have that right (cf. 1789 France), citizens of a democracy have a greater claim to it.

    The answer to the question posed above is obvious in the light of the foregoing clarification of concepts. A focus on or pursuit of private gain by an individual or a group of elected or appointed public servants is a clear abrogation of the duty of public service because it confounds the interest of the individual or group with that of the public. Hence, the coinage “conflict of interests” which describes the corrupt mindset of such officials and indicts them morally and legally.

    Yet, to the cynic’s point, that mindset has become the norm rather than the exception in public life, from the lowliest cadre to the highest of our civil service. It is prevalent in the corridors of learning from primary to college levels. Our healthcare institutions are not isolated zones of integrity, and our officers of the law from the police to judges aren’t above board.

    Yes, there are islands of probity with laser beam focus on public good even at the expense of private interest. But these are almost always flooded out in an ocean of greed and avarice that typifies public service in our clime.  What is more, the guardians of public good, that is, elected public officials at all levels have almost always elevated their individual and group interests above public interest. If this is the prevailing mindset, the cynic argues, what is the point of defining public service by a norm of public good that does not motivate public servants in reality?

    There is a simple answer to this last question. Generally, society comes up with norms of behavior which it enforces not because those norms mirror reality. Rather norms are enunciated and embraced because society cannot endure the excesses of reality, including the reality of human selfishness and greed.

    Societies which function effectively have successfully grappled with this reality by creating strong institutions that prove capable of dealing with it, with enforceable norms of behavior and sanctions against misbehavior. Dysfunctional societies, on the other hand, hopelessly struggle to create strong institutions because they have inexplicably elevated strong men and women above the laws that protect public good, which the latter take to be at their service.

    This is unfortunately where we are as a society. Lawmakers would rather have N37 billion for the renovation of the National Assembly complex in a country where citizens are dying unnecessarily because basic healthcare is in shambles. Our lawmakers would rather have N50 million as Christmas allowance while state and local government workers are owed multiple monthly salaries and therefore cannot hope for a merry Christmas. To justify their demands, they argue that they have dependent constituents who need their constant help. And to a large extent, they are right. Some weeks ago, in “Citizen Corruption”, I argued that much of official corruption by public servants can be traced to demands by ordinary citizens.

    But citizen moral infraction pales in significance considering the moral insensitivity of public servants because they ought to know better. And they are well-placed to educate citizens about the purpose of public service and their duty to promote the public good.  As citizens who voluntarily opt for public service, they have the moral and legal duty to ensure that the activities and services under their watch are discharged effectively without promoting their private interests at the expense of the public interest.

    Occupying this position of authority does not grant them the right to corner the resources of the public for private use since doing so shortchanges the public. And, for the sake of the public, in case anyone is so tempted, there must be institutional sanctions against such conduct. Public service is, morally and legally, service for the public good. It must not be exploited for private good.

     

     

  • Bishop Kukah’s Consistent Inconsistency

    By Femi Abbas

     

    Preamble

    Truth is like gold which, in its raw form, may look like any ordinary mineral. It however stands out of the pack particularly after it might have been duly ornamented. Taking gold through the goldsmith’s fire does not, in anyway, diminish its value. It rather enhances it.

    That is a fundamental fact of life upon which Allah’s Arch-Messenger to mankind, Muhammad (SAW) the son of Abdullah and Aminah, based an axiomatic Hadith which he expressed over 1440 years ago. The Hadith goes thus:

    “There are three signs by which a hypocrite can be known: when he talks, he lies; when he promises he reneges and when he is trusted, he betrays”. Can anybody fault the axiom in that definition of hypocrisy?

    Ironically, truth, in today’s Nigeria, has become like an unsheathed sword. Whoever holds its handle is amusedly perceived as an unquestionable entity with unquestionable authority especially if he/she has the backing of Nigeria’s mischievous media propaganda.

    Whereas, such a perception becomes satanic when a meaningful    religious adage like ‘the hood does not make the monk’ is disregarded, the media propaganda it entails is ignorantly believed to be the evidence of its authenticity. That is Nigeria for you, a country that thrives in falsehood without minding its consequences.

     

    Two other Phenomena of Life

    Besides truth, two other major phenomena of life are generally taken for granted by most human beings around the world. One is privacy which is natural and of necessity in human life. The other is secrecy which is artificial and devilish in theory and practice.

    Although the Prophet did not mention secrecy in the above quoted Hadith, discernible persons can easily deduct from it that secrecy is an attribute of hypocrisy.

    It is a matter of fact that well trained Professional journalists often report matters bordering on privacy with caution, they, on the other hand, report hypocrisy-related matters with passionate disdain. Thus, while privacy enjoys the protection of the law, secrecy often incurs the wrath of the law.

    In a nutshell, any attempt to pry into other people’s privacy is often described as an invasion of privacy that may be liable to punishment under law while any secret activity may tend to be a can of worms that is ardently guarded by its custodians against any exposure to the public.

    As a matter of fact, when the real connotation of privacy is sense of responsibility that of secrecy is nothing but satanic enclave in which no cleric of worth should be found.

     

    A Poet’s Maxim

    Many centuries ago, an Arab poet wisely compared and contrasted those two phenomena (privacy and secrecy) and turned his conclusion into a poem which has since remained a maxim. The poem goes thus:

    “This is the time that we had been warned against in the admonitions of Ubayyi Bn Ka’b and that of Abdullah Bn Mas’ud; this is the foretold period in which the real truth would be rejected in its totality while falsehood and evil machinations would be  glorified and held aloft with pride; should this precarious time be allowed to linger beyond now without a meaningful check; there may no longer be any mourning on the fresh death of a beloved person or rejoice over the birth of a new baby”.

     

    Times of Tribulation

    “In the life of every nation, like that of every individual human being, there must be a time of tribulation. Such a time comes with a test of faith and that of steadfastness.

    For an individual, passing or failing such a test may depend very much on the strength of the bearer’s faith and, for a nation, it may depend on the resoluteness or otherwise of the leadership at the helm of affairs.

    In other words, neither can Nigerians, as a people, be an exception nor can Nigeria as a country, be an expostulation. in this case.

     

    In Retrospect

    For the past twelve years or thereabout, Nigerians have been forced to grapple with the intensity of an unprecedented carnage of various forms including kidnapping, banditry, rape, abominable ritual killings and piracy.

    In addition to all these, one overwhelmingly unbearable menace that came to perch on Nigeria in 2009 is Boko Haram.

    This terrifying   menace has become like a sphinx in the Greek mythology of yore that compelled the inhabitants of the city of   ‘Thebes’ to be on the run while it gave them a fierce chase of their lives.

     

    Observation

    From whichever angle it may be viewed, Boko Haram has been a huge balloon of suffocating smoke oozing out of a protruding chimney and destructively polluting the air which many people in the country have been forced to inhale directly or indirectly.

    But unfortunately, rather than finding out the fireplace, beneath the mysterious chimney that gives vent to that oozing smoke, the immediate past government under Goodluck Jonathan insisted on merely dispelling the polluting smoke even as the fire kept burning and spreading. The result is today’s situation in the country.

    However, some presumably serious-minded and concerned individuals embarked on finding solution to that carnage if only for peace to reign and for posterity to set a firm footing.

    One of such individuals was one Jean Herskovits, a French female Professor of History at the State University of New York, USA. She had been writing on Nigerian politics since 1970. Another is Reverend Father Mathew Hassan Kukah, a well-known Nigerian Christian cleric who is now the Catholic Bishop of Sokoto Diocese.

    The duo had been giving public lectures at different places, on different occasions in Nigeria, to educate the citizens on how to overcome the carnage of that monster. And   their messages were not quite dissimilar in contents and in facts.

    If there was any difference at all, it was in the fact that while Jean Herskovits remains consistent and has never betrayed herself by eating up the facts in her lectures, the Nigerian media revered   Bishop Kukah, on the other hand, has severally eaten up his own words on the concerned subject by speaking randomly from both sides of his mouth to contradict his earlier statements thereby reaffirming that the above quoted Prophetic Hadith is a pointer to the   features of his spiritual nature. You may call that a Nigerian factor.

     

    In Retrospect

    At a time in 2011, when the Boko Haram carnage was most intense, Bishop Kukah delivered a public lecture that portrayed him as a truthful warrior against falsehood. But with time, the reality on ground severally proved otherwise.

    Below is the verbatim text of one of the public lectures he gave on Boko Haram in 2012 based on his claimed research.

    That lecture which was entitled ‘AN APPEAL TO NIGERIANS’ and published in The Guardian of January 17, 2012 goes thus:

     

    Reflections

    “On the occasion of the Carol of Nine Lessons organized by NTA and Radio Nigeria on December 10th last year (2013), I was invited to deliver the message.

    I chose to speak on the theme, ‘Do Not Be Afraid’ as a means of encouraging our people against the backdrop of fear and frustration that was mounting at the time. Since then, it would seem that things have gotten progressively worse in our country.

    In the course of my reflections, I sought to encourage my fellow citizens not to be frightened by the events of the time. I insisted that despite these tragic and sad events and the situation of our country, we needed to conquer fear.

    I argued that the message of Christmas was a message about the good news of the birth of the Prince of Peace, Emmanuel, (God with us) and the Saviour of the world”. It was in that lecture that Bishop Kukah portended Boko Haram as a conundrum which put the entire citizenry in perennial puzzle. He went further:

     

    Backdrop

    “Against the backdrop of other developments in the country at that time, I concluded by calling on the Federal Government not to carry through its plans for the removal of fuel subsidy.

    Since then, things have gradually snowballed well beyond what one had either feared or hoped. On Christmas day, a bomb exploded at St. Theresa’s Catholic Church, Madalla, in Niger State, killing over thirty people and wounding a significant number of other innocent citizens who had come to worship their God as the first part of their Christmas celebrations.

    Barely two days later, we heard of the tragic and mindless killings within a community in Ebonyi State in which over sixty people lost their lives with properties worth millions of naira destroyed and hundreds of families displaced. In the midst of all this, on New Year’s Day, President Goodluck Jonathan announced the withdrawal of fuel subsidy and threw an already angry and frustrated nation into convulsion.

    Right now, I feel that perhaps like the friends of Job (Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar), who came to visit their sick friend and found the burden beyond comprehension, we find ourselves in the same situation.

    For, as we know, when they came and found Job in his condition, they spent seven days and seven nights, and uttered not a word (Job 2:13).

    Right now, no one can claim a full understanding of the state we are in. However, even if we cannot understand the issues of the moment, our faith compels us to understand that God’s hand is in all this. The challenge is for us to have the patience to let His will be done”.

     

    The Madalla Tragedy

    “The tragedy in Madalla was seen as a direct attack on Christians. When Boko Haram claimed responsibility, this line of argument seemed persuasive to those who believed that these merchants of death could be linked to the religion of Islam.

    Happily, prominent Muslims rose in unison to condemn this evil act and denounced both the perpetrators and their acts as being un-Islamic.

    All of this should cause us to pause and ponder about the nature of the force of evil that is in our midst and to appreciate the fact that contrary to popular thinking, we are not faced with a crisis or conflict between Christians and Muslims. Rather, like the friends of Job, we need to humbly appreciate the limits of our human understanding.

    In the last few years, with the deepening crises in parts of Bauchi, Borno, Kaduna, and Plateau states, thanks to the international and national media, it has become fanciful to argue that we have crises between Christians and Muslims.

    Sadly, the kneejerk reaction of some very uninformed religious leaders has lent credence to this false belief. To complicate matters, some of these religious leaders have continued to rally their members to defend themselves in a religious war.

    This has fed the propaganda of the notorious Boko Haram and hides (sic) the fact that this evil has crossed religious barriers. Let us take a few examples which, though still under investigation across the country, should call for restraint on our part”.

     

    Complicity

    “Some time last year, a Christian woman went to her own parish Church in Bauchi and tried to set it ablaze. Again, recently, a man alleged to be a Christian, dressed as a Muslim, went to burn down a Church in Bayelsa. In Plateau State, a man purported to be a Christian was arrested while trying to bomb a Church.

    Armed men gunned down a group of Christians meeting in a Church and now it turned out that those who have been arrested and are under interrogation are in fact not Muslims and that the story is more of an internal crisis. In Zamfara State, 19 Muslims were killed.

    After investigation it was discovered that those who killed them were not Christians. Other similar incidents have occurred across the country.

    Clearly, these are very troubled times for our country. But they are also very promising times. I say so because amidst this confusing debris of hate, anger and frustration, we have had some very interesting dimensions.

    Nigeria is changing because Nigerians are taking back their country from the grip of marauders. These stories, few as they may be, are the beginning of our song of freedom.

    Christians are now publicly crossing the artificial lines created by falsehood and bigotry. Let us take a few examples of events in the last week alone:

    In Kano, amidst fears and threats of further attacks on Christians, a group of Muslims gathered round to protect Christians as they worshipped. In Minna and recently, in Lagos, the same thing repeated itself as Christians joined hands to protect Muslims as they prayed.

    In the last week (sic), Christians and Muslims together in solidarity are (sic) protesting against bad governance and corruption beyond the falsehood of religion.

    Once freed from the grip of these dark forces, religion will be able to play its role as a force for harmony, truth and the common good.

    Clearly, drawing from our experiences as Christians, we must note that God has a message for us in all this. To elicit what I consider to be the message, I will make reference to three lessons and I know there are far more”.

     

    Prayer and Solidarity

    These times call for prayer. At the height of our confusion during the Abacha years, the Catholic Bishops Conference of Nigeria composed two sets of prayers; one, Against Bribery and Corruption and second, for Nigeria in Distress.

    Read Also: Work for religious harmony, FG fires back at Bishop Kukah

     

    Millions of Catholics have continued to recite these prayers and we must remain relentless in the belief that God hears our prayers and that God’s ways are not our ways. We know that our Muslim brethren and millions of other non-Christians feel the same and are also praying in a similar way for our country.

    These times call for solidarity of all people of faith. We are a nation of very strong believers and despite what anyone else may say, millions of our Christians and Muslims do take their religion very seriously.

    However, you might ask, if that is true, why do we have so many killings in the name of God and of religion? My answer is that we have such killings because we live in an environment of a severely weak architecture of state which allows evil to triumph. It is this poverty that produces jealousy and hatred which leads to violence.

    We live in a state of ineffective law enforcement and tragic social conditions. Corruption has destroyed the fabric of our society. Its corrosive effect can be seen in the ruination of our lives and the decay in our society.

    The inability of the state to punish criminals as criminals has created the illusion that there is a conflict between Christians and Muslims.

    In fact, it would seem that many elements today are going to great extremes to pitch Christians against Muslims, and vice versa, so that our attention is taken away from the true source of our woes: corruption. As Nigerians, Christians and Muslims, we must stand together to ensure that our resources are well utilised for the common good.

    This is why, despite the hardships we must endure as a result of the strike, the Fuel Subsidy debate must be seen as the real dividend of democracy”.

     

    Role of Religious Leaders

    Religious leaders across the faiths must indeed stand up together and face the challenge of the times by offering a leadership that focuses on our common humanity and common good rather than the insignificant issues that divide us.

    We therefore condemn in very strong terms the tendency by some religious leaders to play politics with the issues of our collective survival. Rather than rallying our people, some of our religious leaders have resorted to divisive utterances, wild allegations and insinuations against adherents of other religions.

    In the last five or so days, text messages have been circulating across the country appealing to some of our worst demons. We are told that many senior clerics either believed or encouraged the circulation of these divisive and false text messages.

    We must condemn this for what it is; a grand design by enemies within our folds who are determined to destroy our country. Whatever they may call themselves, they are neither true Christians nor Muslims.

    For those Christians who have reacted in fear, they require conversion. If we wait for these evil men or women to decide when we shall stand for Christ, then we have surrendered our soul to the devil.

    If we fear to stand up for Christ now, let us remember that He has already said: Whoever acknowledges me before others, I will acknowledge before my father in Heaven, Whoever denies me before others, I will deny him before my father in Heaven(Mt 10: 32).

    Again, Jesus warns that rather than fear at times of uncertainty, adversity or upheavals, we should be confident. He said: When these things begin to take place, stand erect; hold your heads high, because your liberation is near at hand (Lk. 21: 28).

    Furthermore, St Paul has assured us that; If we die with Him, we shall live with Him. If we endure with Him, we shall reign with him (2 Tim 2: 11-12). Surely, those who are asking us to go under our beds, to flee in the face of persecution must be reading a different Bible.

    Difficult Times

    These are difficult times but they are also times of promise. Our country has turned its back on all forms of dictatorships. Our hands are on the plough and we are resolutely committed to democracy.

    Like a Catholic marriage, we may not be happy but we cannot contemplate a divorce. God does not make mistakes.

    Although the freedom and growth promised by democracy are not here yet, we must remind ourselves that a better tomorrow is possible, a more united and peaceful Nigeria is possible.

    The challenges of the last few days have shown the resilience of our people and their commitment to democracy and a better life. We believe this is possible. The government must strive to earn the trust of our people.

    All sides must take lessons from the demonstrations and resolve to build a better and stronger nation. Let us hold on to the words of the Holy Father, Pope Benedict XVI, when he told the President, religious, traditional rulers and people of the Republic of Benin in the Presidential Palace on the 19th of November: Do not cut off your peoples from their future by mutilating their present….

    There are too many scandals and injustices, too much corruption and greed, too many errors and lies, too much violence. All peoples desire to understand the political and economic choices which are made in their name; they wish to participate in good governance. No economic regime is ideal and no economic choice is neutral. But these must always serve the common good”.

    Is it imaginable that the same Reverend Father Mathew Kukah who delivered the above lecture and some others of the like in similar vein in the past is the one alleging religious persecution in Nigeria today? Where is clerical consistency in that?

     

     

  • Trump’s tangle with Iran

    By Femi Abbas

     

    “Whoever deviates from My guidance will surely live a hanging life and he will be resurrected a blind person in the Hereafter…” Q.4:115

     

    Monologue

    This article is an update of an earlier one published in this column on the same subject matter some time ago. The need for this update is warranted by the seeming diehard nature of the subject in question. And the current rapid frightening developments engendered in the Middle East by President Donald Trump of the United States are a confirmed justification for this update.

     

    Today, ‘The Message’ column decides to migrate from the chronic insanity of Nigeria’s political/religious tempest, being elicited by some Nigerian satanic agents, to an implacable global imbroglio being bellicosely engineered by a disastrous American ‘Trump’ who is vigorously fanning the ember of an impending disastrous American war furnace with which to roast the world flesh and soul.

    Perhaps through such a migration, a way of inhaling a breeze of peaceful atmosphere in Nigeria may be paved even if temporarily.

     

    Trump’s Predating Venture

    At the instance of an accidental American ‘demonic Fuhrer’ called Donald Trump, whose ancestral origin is Germany where a devilish Adolf Hitler ignited the World War II in 1939, another global war may soon be fortuitously inflamed, the consequences of which no mortal being may be able to predict with precision.

    As a matter of fact, the agenda for this impending global war had been   clandestinely kept in the front burner of Trump’s administration since his assumption of office as American President in January 2016. And the agenda has been gathering such a demonic momentum that is capable of causing a global cataclysmic shudder signalling a dangerously swinging pendulum of unwarranted war.

     

    Memory Lane

    It will be recalled that since Trump manoeuvred his way surreptitiously to presidential power despite losing the US presidential election to Hilary Clinton by over three million votes in 2015, he has been restively engaged in multifarious tacit wars of attrition with virtually all continents of the world, including Europe, Asia, Africa and even South America directly or indirectly.

    At least, the memory of his confrontation with the North Korean leader, Kim Jong-Un and his frequent vociferous altercations with the Chinese President, Xi Jinping as well as his diplomatic row with the French President, Emmanuel Macron and the Mexican President, Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador are too many to forget so soon.

    Also, the case of his unilateral declaration of Jerusalem as the capital city of Israel against the United Nation’s authentic resolution to the contrary remains fresh in the memory of the world.

    his obnoxious position over the callous murder in cold blood of the Saudi Arabian born American journalist, Jamal Khashoggi, are citable in the catalogue of his crimes against humanity.

     

    A Bull in the China Shop

    Besides the above, it is historically unforgettable that in almost two and a half centuries of America’s post- independence existence, no President of that country has ever sacked and replaced as many of the Principal staff in the White House as Trump has done in less than three years.

    Even his official declaration of the entire American media as an open enemy of his regime is enough attestation to this man’s draconian hallucination. All these have turned the US’ White House into a china shop occupied by a wild bull.

     

    Assassination of Iranian General     

    Last Friday, the cable network globally throbbed with breaking news revealing the assassination of an Iranian Army General, Qosem Soleimani, by the American forces at Baghdad airport in Iraq on the instruction of Donald Trump.

    That heinous act has attracted a reprisal from Iran which commenced last Wednesday after the heroic burial of the late General. Such reprisal was the first by Iran against the Us since the faceoff between the countries began in 1979. It was a direct way of saying enough is enough.

     

    A President’s Brigandage

    A couple of years ago, Al-Jazeera Television reported the news of an American military drone that was fortuitously shot down by the Iranian National Guards on Iranian territory. That was the second time a dangerous accident of that nature occurred on Iranian territory within a decade.

    It is on record that some years back, an American war plane strayed into the airspace of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the troops of the latter nation promptly shot it down. The incident occurred when Dr. Barak Obama was the President of the US.

    And that incident looked like the climax of an American allegation that Iran was stockpiling weapons of mass destruction, especially, nuclear armaments. That disturbing development which dragged Iran to the United Nation’s Security Council for explanation further heightened the already existing tension between the US and Iran which had been on for decades.

     

    Genesis of Faceoff

    The genesis of the faceoff between the West and Iran actually took roots in the latter’s unexpected revolution of 1979 which caused a diplomatic row between the two geographical blocks. That row actually started in February 1979, when Iran jumped democratically onto the world stage with a fortuitous revolution that held the monarchs of the Arab States of the Gulf region spellbound.

    The revolution was the climax of the struggle, in Iran, which began in 1963 between the oppressed people who were seeking emancipation from the shackles of proxy American imperialism and the implacable internal oppressors who wanted to keep that country’s innocent peasants in perpetual subservience to enable the country maintain the ugly status quo of the time.

    It was the miraculous success of that revolution that altered the grand design of the Western powers for the Muslim world.

     

     Imam Khomeini’s Emergence as Iranian Leader

    Following the relentless situation in Iran, which prompted   people’s liberation struggle that commenced in 1963 and culminated in a successful revolution in February 1979, the late Imam Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini emerged as the leader of the new Islamic Republic of Iran.

    Unlike Mustafa Kemal Ataturk of Turkey, who subjected his country’s culture to that of the West at the expense of Islam in the 1920s, however, Imam Khomeini knew that the greatest virtue that could be lost in the life of man was culture. He knew that without a clear-cut culture a man couldn’t be better than a beast.

    He knew that such values as law, education and religion, which guide man in his peregrinations on earth, are the attributes of culture. He knew that a nation, which subjects her culture to that of another nation has enslaved herself permanently to the caprices of the imitated nation.

    Thus, Khomeini saw Islam, (the culture of over one billion Muslims in the world at that time), as the main target of the Western imperialists and decided to defend and protect it against the   grand design of the West.

     

    The US Rescue Strategy

    In the Iranian revolution melee, some Iranian students besieged the American Embassy in Tehran and held the staff therein hostage on allegation of destructive espionage. However, in a desperate move to rescue those staff, the Us deployed some war planes with the instruction to invade the new Islamic Republic and terminate the revolution if possible.

    Thus, while some US F15 bomber jets deployed for that assignment were approaching Iran, the then American President Jimmy Carter engaged his country’s top pressmen in a media chat without giving any hint of the impending military operation in Iran.

    The tactics was to divert the attention of the press and that of the public from the illegal Pentagon’s military expedition. But no sane person can ever fault the contents of the Qur’an. About 1400 years before that incident, a verse of the Qur’an had been revealed to Prophet Muhammad (SAW) thus: “They (the unbelievers) schemed, and Allah schemed. Allah is the supreme schemer”. Q. 3:54.

     

    Outcome

    Jimmy Carter’s thought was that by the time he would have finished addressing the pressmen the news would have reached him that America had successfully invaded Iran to restore imperialism by reinstating the Shah Pahlavi.

    He had therefore intended to announce the news of his ‘great’ successful scheme to the press as the epilogue of his address briefing. And that would have served as his impetus for wining that year’s election for a second term in office. But, as Allah would have it, instead of the expected news, what he got was a shocker of his life.

     

    How the Strategy Failed

    Two of the F15 fighters deployed for the operation miraculously collided in the air just at the point of entering Iran and crashed with their contents, thereby consuming the lives of the 16 top Air Force officers on board while the other fighter jets had to turn back haven run into confusion.

    When that devastating news reached Carter, it was too much for him to hide and it quickly became a public knowledge.

    Thus, the mighty America failed woefully, with her technology, in circumstances she has never been able to analyse and explain convincingly. With that scheme, it became obvious that Jimmy Carter of the Democrat Party had dug his own political grave.

    Of course, he lost the election to the cowboy turned Politician, (Ronald Reagan) of the Republican Party who succeeded him in office. For about 444 days (well over a year), 52 American diplomats held hostage in the American Embassy remained under the siege of the Iranian students. It took high-level diplomacy, through third party countries, to get them released much later.

     

    Freezing of Iran’s Foreign Reserve

    Despite getting her staff released through diplomacy, America still felt she was not yet done. She went ahead to freeze Iran’s foreign reserve of about $80 billion in addition to imposition of economic sanctions on that country with the intention of running that country’s economy aground.

    The only Iran’s offence in that episode was to have been audacious enough to want to chart an independent political course that could liberate her citizens from the manacles of the Western imperialism championed by the US. Ever since, the relationship between America and Iran has remained icy.

     

    The West’s Grand Design

    The West’s grand design for the Muslim world through the Middle East was first expressed in 1902 by a British Prime Minister, Sir H. Campbell-Bannerman when he observed as follows:

    “There are people who control spacious territories teeming with manifest and hidden resources.  They dominate the intersections of world routes. Their lands were the cradles of human civilizations and religions.

    These people have one faith, one language and the same aspiration. No natural barriers can isolate them from one another….If, per chance, these people were to be unified into one state it would then take the fate of the world into its hands and separate Europe from the rest of the world.

    Taking these considerations seriously, a foreign body should be planted in the heart of this nation to prevent the convergence of its wings in such a way that it could exhaust its powers in never- ending wars. It could also serve as a spring board for the West to gain its coveted objects”.

     

    Emergence of Zionism

    Sir Bannerman’s observation was in further pursuit of an earlier demand by an Austrian Jewish lawyer and Journalist, Theodor Herzl, the initiator and leader of the Zionist movement founded in 1879. In the euphoria of a chauvinist’s ambition, shortly after the establishment of the Zionist movement, Theodor Herzl, made a demand thus:

    “Let sovereignty be granted us (the Jews) over a portion of the globe large enough to satisfy the rightful requirements of a nation. The rest, we shall manage by ourselves…”

     

    Read Also: United States, Iran and the rest of the world

     

    The Balfour Declaration

    In response to the West’s clandestine agenda many decades after Herzl’s demand, another British Prime Minister, James Arthur Balfour, issued a devastatingly insensitive declaration that now bears his name in history. That seemingly conspiratorial declaration, which forcefully conceded a major chunk of Palestinian land to the Zionists as a home, became a thorny point in the serenity of the world.

    Since then, the infamous Balfour declaration has put the Middle East in an incessant turmoil to the discomfort of the world’s peace and harmony. The declaration read partly as follows:

    “His majesty’s Government views with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people and will use its best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this objective…. The rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country shall not be prejudiced by the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people”

     

    Implementation

    To facilitate the implementation of that agenda effectively, some other Middle East countries had to be decapitated economically and politically by excision from them, some juicy chunks of their lands. Thus, Lebanon was excised from Syria and Kuwait from Iraq.

    The strategy was to cause a dissention among the citizens of those countries with the intention of breaking the yoke of the Muslim unity which Bannerman had targeted in his infamous observation quoted above.

     

    Escalation of Faceoff

    Meanwhile, in reaction to the recent fortuitous encounter between Iran and the US as caused by the latter’s intrusion into Iran’s territory which led to Iran’s prompt military reaction, the US authorities said that the destination of the shot American military aircraft was Afghanistan and not Iran. They explained that the pilot of the   plane only accidentally lost control and strayed into Iranian territory.

     

    Siege on British Embassy

    Shortly before the above narrated incident, Some Iranian students had laid siege on the British Embassy, in Tehran, in protest against what they called an intolerable meddling by the then British Prime Minister, David Cameron’s government, into the internal affairs of Iran.

    And in reaction to that siege, Britain quickly evacuated her diplomats in Tehran and sent the Iranian diplomats in London packing despite Iran’s official regret and apology over those students’ unauthorized action.

     

    Complication

    To further complicate the tension over that incident, the French government issued a 48 hour ultimatum to Iranian diplomats to quit France. That was done in solidarity with the British government in the spirit of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as well as European Union (EU).

    From thence, things started to move so fast that it became difficult to predict what would happen next. Most diplomatic observers saw a similarity between those developments and the unexpected occurrences of the early 20th century that precipitated both World War I and World War II.

     

    Reoccurrence

    In reaction to the reoccurrence of the above incident a couple of years ago, the American ‘Fuhrer’, Donald Trump, said “Iran had made a big mistake for which she would pay heavily”. But when the world media pressed him to further explain what he meant by that statement, he simply asked them to wait and see what would happen next.

    His argument was that Iran had no right to shoot down the American drone because that drone was operating at the international and not Iranian territory. However, a detailed show of the encounter by Al-Jazeera confirmed that the drone actually intruded into Iranian territory without the permission of the Iranian authorities.

     

    Iran’ Nuclear Project

    However, the relationship between America and Iran further deteriorated recently when the latter started a nuclear project with which to prop up her economy. America responded with a threat saying the United States would not tolerate any nuclear project in Iran because the latter could not be trusted with such a project.

     

    The World’s Bull Dog

    Only a fool will not know that the United Nations (UN), as presently constituted, is the bull dog of the US through which the latter barks randomly at the rest of the world.

    But for the recent Iraqi episode that became regrettable for the self-appointed policeman of the world, and of course, the North Korean case, which has become a cancerous sore on the head of the US, another Gulf war would have either ensued or become imminent before now.

     

    Secret of American Military Successes

    The secret of America’s military successes in various parts of the world is neither in technological advancement as generally believed, nor military superiority per se. The failed rescue mission in Iran shortly after that country’s revolution has confirmed that.

    It is a historical fact that the secret of America’s military successes in various wars around the world are rather due to her ability to cause dissension among some other nations and races.

    Before now, Iran was never a prey to America’s direct military aggression, even when the Shah Pahlavi was in power, because that Gulf country has never played a fool dancing to the sour music of the predatory country called America in a seeming military market.

     

    Sanction as a Weapon

    Now, with a recent threat of invasion of Iran by Israel on the one hand and economic and political sanctions against that country by the US on the other, will history repeat itself? One fact has become clear about the US political trend since her withdrawal from her self-isolationism in 1945: The success of her internal politics has been invariably determined by her aggressive foreign policy.

    Thus, many American Presidents have won or lost elections at home due to the foreign policy of the concerned President. And that is why most of America’s foreign aggressive postures are belligerently displayed in election years.

    For instance the current audacious military bravado being displayed against Iran in Iraq by Trump is either to get public sympathy against an impending impeachment which he now faces or to get re-elected as the US President.

    But with the current prevailing delicate situation at hand will this same US political tradition repeat itself? The days ahead ll answer this fundamental question as events continue to unfold.

    But with the stern objection by Russia and tacit indifference by China to the use of suffocating economic sanctions against the people of Iran, the US may have to watch her steps very carefully especially when most European countries that are members of NATO remain aloof.

    Iran is neither Iraq nor Afghanistan. The world cannot afford another global war now. And an American Trump should not attempt to plunge it into one by taking that Iran’s military capability for granted. A word is enough for the wise.

     

  • The logic of democratic succession

    By Segun Gbadegesin

    Barely a year into the second term of President Muhammadu Buhari’s administration, the matter of succession has already come to the fore, courtesy of prospective candidates, the most recent of whom is popular cleric, Pastor Tunde Bakare, founder of Latter Rain Assembly. Of particular note is that Pastor Bakare has been the only one to have openly declared his interest in succeeding President Buhari come 2023. And his distinctive approach to the matter has raised anew the perennial question of the logic of democratic succession.

    Simply put, in a democracy, the people are the stakeholders. It is their government. They hold the ace. They choose their leaders. Their leaders work for them. If and when they are not satisfied with their government and leaders, they replace them at will. The logic of democracy is that, ideally, leaders are at the mercy of the people. It is what distinguishes it from dictatorship in which the people are at the mercy of their leaders.

    In a party-based democracy, political parties are the recruiting ground for membership as well as for candidates for political offices. This is the system that we purportedly practice. Normally, potential candidates present themselves to the party members for nomination, seek the endorsement of key stakeholders with credibility within and outside the party hierarchy, but ultimately canvass the support of the rank and file membership of the party. This first step is internal to specific political party nomination procedure. The second step is for the candidates of various parties to slug it out in a general election.

    We have seen both steps play out in the politics of succession with varying degrees of success in the various election cycles since 1999. While state governors have often taken it upon themselves to not only justifiably have a say in their successors but to more impulsively dictate who must succeed them, the presidency has been less predisposed to incumbency arrogance.

    Well, sort of! We have not had many intra-party presidential succession battles since 2007 when President Obasanjo relied on the judgment of a screening committee of PDP to recommend the party’s presidential candidates. From the list of the committee’s potential candidates, President Yar’Adua got the nod. Vice President Jonathan succeeded the deceased Yar’Adua and went on to win the party’s nomination and the general election in 2011. In 2015, Jonathan lost to President Buhari who was just reelected in 2019.

    Can we then confidently suggest that we have followed the logic of democratic succession thus far, at least, as far as the presidency is concerned? On the surface, yes. We have held party presidential primaries, whether direct or indirect. We have had nominations by consensus. We have not had a case of a departing president single-handedly anointing a candidate from his party prior to the conclusion of internal party procedures.

    Going deeper, however, many cynics will undoubtedly identify the undemocratic nature of our system of nomination and election. First, indirect primary is anything but fully democratic, because it relies on the judgment of party officials. Second, the influence of money ensures that not all animals are created equal and, therefore, no matter what skills and talents a potential candidate may have, he or she has no hope for a governorship, not to talk of a presidential ticket. Still, every patriot nurses the hope that, as our democracy endures, it will overcome these teething problems on the road to a level field for every prospective presidential candidate.

    Enter Pastor Bakare’s eureka moment concerning democratic succession: “Therefore, as we build institutions of democratic governance, a key responsibility that history has bestowed on President Muhammadu Buhari at this turning point in our journey to nationhood is to institutionalize systems of accurate succession that will build and sustain the Nigeria we desire. This is a task that must be done.” This was the media report of the Pastor’s live broadcast from his church.

    The transition word, “Therefore….” above suggests that some thoughts have preceded the conclusion that the word introduced. What preceded was a historical support for the Pastor’s position. He referenced “strong leaders like the late Deng Xiaoping of China, the late Nelson Mandela of South Africa and Goh Chok Tong of Singapore.” In his reckoning, they all prioritized political succession which turned out to underscore the success story of their various nations.

    Note that Bakare’s suggestion is not as radical as the media headlines convey it. He has not urged “Buhari to pick successor before 2023.” Of course, he wants to succeed President Buhari; but he has also not asked the president to name him as his successor. Back in 2018, he only declared that God wanted him to run for the president. What the cleric has advised Buhari is to “institutionalize systems of accurate succession…” as Xiaoping, Tong, and Mandela did.

    The problem with this suggestion is that it fails to acknowledge the difference between the structures of the various democracies. Nigeria does not run the same kind of “democratic” institutions as China, Singapore or South Africa. In these democracies, due to the peculiarity of their systems, it is quite feasible for there to be an institutionalized leadership succession. Take South Africa as an example. Since 1994, it has run a parliamentary democratic system which is led by the ANC, a liberation movement turned ruling party. The president, who is the head of government and leader of the ruling party, is elected by the parliament which can also replace him as was the case with Jacob Zuma.

    Singapore is also a parliamentary system but with more of a dictatorial character where dynastic rule appears to be the institution. Lee Kuan Yew ruled as Prime Minister with his People’s Action Party (PAP) for three decades. For a strong leader, that was sufficient time to transform the city state economically and politically. While the former happened, the latter did not. Individual freedom and political development were the price offered for economic development. Lee passed the baton to Chok Tong in 1990 and in 2004 Lee’s son took over. Meanwhile, Lee did not leave the scene, serving as “Senior Minister” during Chok Tong’s premiership and as “Mentor Minister” during his son’s rule. PAP has been the dominant party with a core of party leadership from which parliamentary leadership is selected. In the words of Pastor Bakare, “accurate succession” is guaranteed. But is this what Nigeria needs or wants? Indeed how practicable is it in this country?

    China is perhaps the most regimented of the systems and it is not clear why it should be presented as an exemplar for Nigeria. China does not hide its communist background and orientation. It does not camouflage itself as a representative democracy. Surely, it is a model of communist democracy with “accurate succession” with an economic objective of optimal development. The Communist Party is in charge. It selects political leaders. There is no multiparty competition. So, certainly, there is institutionalization of succession. But that kind of succession is not feasible in our democratic system.

    The bottom line seems to me to be this. Pastor Bakare is not out of line for wishing that Nigeria should have an institutionalized succession for stability and development. However, this wish cannot be realized in the presidential system that we now run based on the 1999 Constitution. At best, we could hope for such a system of stable succession, without the kind of abuse that is detectable in the Singaporean democracy, in a parliamentary system of representative democracy. Even then, there is no guarantee since, without the abuse, a genuine multiparty democracy throws up any number of possibilities in leadership succession.

    The question which is better between a multiparty democracy that enlarges the scope of leadership choices by expanding individual and party competition without an institutionalized succession system, and a regimented system of accurate succession that guarantees the stability and development of the nation is not one that can be posed within democracy itself. It is a question that is logical prior to the choice of a system. For us, we seem to have answered that question with our choice of representative democracy of the presidential type.

     

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  • A new decade

    By Segun Gbadegesin

     

    We just bid goodbye to a decade that was, at inception, full of hope. The decade before the last had witnessed a mix of positive and negative developments. We were six months into our newly minted democracy when that first decade of a new millennium made its debut. Naturally, we were full of expectation, first for the new millennium, and then, as an afterthought, for the decade. It was normal.

    We had experienced numerous decades in our lifetime; but a new millennium is an entirely new thing. What with the panic! As Lily Rothman of Time magazine reported five years ago, “TIME was prepared for the worst.” The January 18, 1999 cover of the magazine which Rothman reproduced was captioned “The End of the World!?! Y2K Insanity! Apocalypse Now!” etc. There were worries that computers may melt down and that the world itself would come to an end.

    The fear of Y2K turned out to be much ado about nothing. As Rothman reminded us, the only significant event on that day 20 years ago was the resignation of Boris Yeltsin as the president of Russia. Well, in view of the fact that Putin was the Yeltsin-anointed replacement, and the developments in geopolitics since then, the West knows now that that event was quite significant. But as significant as it was, Y2K had nothing to do with it.

    Back in our beloved land, we took it in stride. Our democracy was midwifed by dictators, who were its original saboteurs, as they imposed one of their rank. Good luck with that, friends wished us. Those friends were right. Even as they were shamed out of political power, the military ensured that they left an indelible mark in a new constitution which centralised power and made a mockery of our foundational federal system. This singular move ensured that a president with an authoritarian mindset can grab as much power as s/he wants to the detriment of states and other branches of government.

    What does it matter? Many of our compatriots ask this question innocently. What does it matter if we had a benevolent dictator, who focuses on and achieves good governance that benefits the greatest number of citizens? If folk can put food on the table, educate their children, and enjoy the good of life, why bother about constitutional niceties? Indeed, why should we worry that the Federal Government and not the states feed children in primary schools throughout the 774 constitutionally recognised local governments as long as the children are fed? What if the Federal Government provides fire service in cities and towns across the country? What matters is that these services are provided efficiently and effectively. So the argument goes.

    What matters is the fact that we have a federal constitution for a good reason. We have a diversity of “tribe and tongue”, the respect for which ensures an enduring national unity, which is our ultimate goal. Incidentally, however, respect for diversity is also in the interest of citizens both materially and psychologically. Our cultural and linguistic identities are inalienable aspects of our being. Therefore, providing the amenities of life for a population from a far centre without their input is akin to a colonial power’s contempt for “native” cultures and customs. That it is internal does not negate its description as a “benevolent” dictatorship.

    The foregoing is simply an attempt to capture how we lied to ourselves at the beginning of that decade and millennium. Recall that the constitution that the new democratic republic was founded upon was not released until the eve of the new dispensation. And despite the fact that we have all since become aware of many of its defects, our lawmakers have, in various amendment efforts, only attended to the ones that cater to their interests, scornfully ignoring the fundamental issue of the structure of the nation. The reality of our experience in the last decade is a salient reminder of the problem with that approach.

    First, there is no denying the fact of the recklessness of the abuse of federal power since 1999. This observation does not deny that states and local governments also behaved recklessly for the most part. But because much more power was vested in the federal than state governments, the impact of that abuse was much more damaging to the system. We saw this in the prevalence of electoral malpractice. We witnessed it in the depth of corruption and fiscal irresponsibility, with ministers and special advisers accumulating humongous wealth at the expense of the public. We saw it in the diversion of security funds to party members to buy votes and bend the will of the people while criminally abandoning soldiers fighting insurgency to their fate.

    In short, the argument that the Federal Government is best placed to use resources for the good of the people and the nation fell flat in the face of high-scale corruption. In the circumstance, investment in education, health, and critical infrastructure suffered terribly. Worse, people see the careless display of such ill-gotten wealth in high places. And this has a debilitating effect on the populace who are naturally angry with a system that treats them as expendables.

    There are at least two consequences of this high-level corruption. One is various degrees of social crisis from cultism to money ritual and armed robbery. It is a no-brainer. We have a higher rate of reproduction than many other nations, developed or less-developed. Those nations with lower rate of reproduction take seriously the plan for the education and development of the children they produce. We don’t. We just bring them into the world and release them like animals in the wild do. What do we expect?

    The other consequence of high-level corruption is the internal conflict that it generates among various social-cultural groups. We tend to forget these days about the various inter-ethnic crises that the nation went through from 1999 to 2007 with the various ethnic militants vying for attention and supremacy to corner what they considered their own slice of the national cake, especially when they were convinced that the system was rigged against them. All these are the fallout of a corruption-ridden system.

    Second, assume that the central government, with an anti-corruption mandate, declares an open and full commitment to the war against corruption, as the Buhari administration did in 2015. The administration has escalated the fight and has been successful to some extent with announcements of fund recovery from some culprits and conviction of others. You would expect that such a commitment would garner support from the masses and you’d be right. After all, as observed above, the masses bear the brunt of the abuse of governmental power that corruption entails. Yet, we have seen that since 2015, rather than abate, there has been an intensification of sectional and sectarian conflicts, from insurgency in the Northeast to herdsmen-farmer conflicts in the Northcentral, Southwest, and Southeast.

    There are several reasons for this rise in conflicts, three of which are worth our attention for what they demonstrate. One is that based on their past experiences, many citizens do not trust the government as an honest broker in the fight against corruption. Consider the numerous sceptical and cynical comments published in social media. Furthermore, as the government would have us believe, corruption has a way of fighting back and, because of its strength and strategic superiority, is capable of entering into collaboration with likeminds.

    The third reason for the rise in conflicts has little to do with corruption and more to do with our underlying crisis of mistrust. Many who see something commendable in the efforts of the present administration in tackling corruption, investing in infrastructure, agriculture, and diversifying the economy, are nevertheless bothered about alleged lopsidedness of political and bureaucratic appointments and heavy-handedness of the government against critics, both of which are tied directly or indirectly to the structure of governance. For them, a pass on anti-corruption doesn’t justify sectionalism.

    For President Buhari, this is Nigeria’s decade. To make it so, we must build a united nation on a truly federal system of governance.

    Happy New Decade!