The Nation Newspaper

Category: Health

  • Five ways to prevent severe headaches

    Five ways to prevent severe headaches

    Headaches are something everyone deals with from time to time and they can really make it hard to get through the day. Just by making few adjustments to your daily routine, you can help keep headaches a way.

    Here are five ways to prevent headaches:

    Exercise: Regular and adequate exercise increases blood circulation, reduces stress and improves ones mental well-being. Getting enough exercise helps reduce the frequency and severity of headaches. Involving in low-impact aerobic exercise also prevents tension, as it strengthens the muscles and keeps them flexible. An individual should aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week.

    Maintain a regular sleeping schedule: Lack of sleep stresses your body and triggers the release of stress hormones. Research shows, that low sleep quality and insomnia is linked with the increase of headache frequency and severity.

      However, getting too much sleep as also been shown to trigger headaches. It is advised to take 7-8 hours of sleep per night and maintain a consistent sleep routine.

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      Watch your diet: Pay attention to the food and drinks you consume. Certain foods and drinks such as alcohol, caffeine and processed foods can trigger headaches.

        It is advised that you identify and avoid consuming them. Also, ensure to eat food at the right time, avoid delaying or skipping meals.

        Stay hydrated: Dehydration is a very common trigger for headaches and migraine. Dehydration causes the body tissues to shrink, including your brain, which puts pressure on nerves and produces headaches.

          It is essential to drink enough water throughout the day, which helps to prevent headaches.

          Manage stress levels: Stress is a common migraine trigger, which leads to tension headaches. It causes the muscles to tense up and triggers headaches.

          Frequent breaks from stressful activities or situations helps to relief headaches. Ensure to practice relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga or deep breathing to reduce stress levels.

        1. Radiation, clinical oncologists provide free cancer screenings to Oyo police officers

          Radiation, clinical oncologists provide free cancer screenings to Oyo police officers

          No fewer than 100 officers from the Oyo State Police Command underwent screenings for prostate, cervical, and breast cancers at the weekend.

          Additionally, over 150 officers were examined and provided medications for various ailments.

          This initiative was part of a medical outreach organized by the Association of Radiation and Clinical Oncologists of Nigeria (ARCON) during its 7th Annual General Meeting and Scientific Conference, themed “Ibadan 2024,” and hosted by the University College Hospital, Ibadan.

          The outreach took place at the Testing Ground in Agodi, Ibadan, and was attended by police officers from the Oyo State Police Command, Agodi Area Command, and local Divisional Police Offices.

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          Dr. Bolaji Salako, Chairman of the medical outreach committee and a Consultant Radiation and Clinical Oncologist, explained that ARCON’s efforts were intended to provide comprehensive medical services and support to police officers, as part of a broader effort to combat cancer among law enforcement personnel.

          Chairman of the medical outreach committee, Dr. Bolaji Salako, a Consultant Radiation and Clinical Oncologist said members of ARCON during the outreach provided comprehensive medical services for the police officers as a sort of encouragement and support to the fight against cancers among the operatives.

          He said some of the services offered to the officers during the outreach include general and cancer health talks, medical consultations, dental consultations, optical consultations, free medications, breast cancer screenings, cervical cancer screenings, and prostate cancer screenings.

          Chairman of the Local Organizing Committee and Consultant Radiation and Clinical Oncologist at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Dr. Afolabi Oladeji, expressed gratitude to the Oyo State Police leadership for allowing the officers to participate and benefit from the outreach.

          He also thanked all police formations in the Agodi Area Command for their invaluable support in making the program a success.

        2. Mpox: AHF Nigeria calls for global action to address vaccine inequity

          Mpox: AHF Nigeria calls for global action to address vaccine inequity

          Due to the recent Mpox outbreak which has continued to pose a serious health threat in Africa, a global non-profit organization, AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Nigeria has called for an urgent global action to address vaccine inequity. 

          In a statement, the foundation emphasised that it has been at the forefront of advocacy efforts, pushing for a pandemic agreement that ensures fair access to vaccines and treatments for developing nations.

          It said: “As part of the global AHF network, AHF Nigeria has raised concerns that the current response to the Mpox outbreak mirrors the inequalities witnessed during the COVID-19 pandemic.

          “Africa’s severe Mpox outbreak, driven primarily by the new clade Ib variant, is particularly deadly for children and has impacted at least 13 African countries, with more than 22,800 confirmed cases and more than 620 deaths reported this year.

          “The Democratic Republic of the Congo has endured the brunt, accounting for 96% of cases and 97% of deaths. “We started our push for equity during the COVID-19 pandemic, where we saw the devastating impact of vaccine hoarding on African nations. Now, we are seeing similar challenges play out with Mpox,” said Dr. Echey Ijezie, AHF Nigeria, Country Program Director (CPD).

          “The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Mpox a global health emergency on 14th August 2024. However, despite the availability of vaccines, Africa continues to struggle with access due to high costs and limited supply. Bavarian Nordic, the maker of the Mpox vaccine Jynneos, is charging an unaffordable $100 per dose in Africa, exacerbating the crisis. AHF is urging Western countries and Japan to expedite the donation of Mpox vaccines to Africa and for the WHO to fast-track the approval of other viable vaccine options.

          “AHF’s advocacy extends beyond immediate vaccine delivery. The organisation is also pushing for a review of the WHO Pandemic Agreement, which has so far failed to ensure fair access to vaccines and treatments for developing nations. What we are seeing with Mpox reflects the gaps in the current pandemic agreement. We need mechanisms in place that guarantee equitable access to vaccines for all countries, especially during global health crises. AHF has continuously highlighted that without accountability and enforcement in these agreements, poorer nations will remain vulnerable to the monopolies of pharmaceutical companies and the unequal distribution of life-saving health products.

          “It can be recalled that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the global south, including many African countries, was disproportionately affected by vaccine shortages. While developed nations secured large quantities of vaccines for their populations, many African countries could not provide even a single dose to most of their citizens. This glaring inequality had catastrophic consequences, contributing to over 1.3 million deaths across the continent.

          “AHF Nigeria is echoing the calls of its global network for a more robust and enforceable pandemic preparedness plan that includes independent oversight, accountability, and real-time verification of compliance. Without such measures, the international community risks repeating the same mistakes with pandemics as they happen.

          “AHF Nigeria is urging the WHO and global health bodies to not only speed up the delivery of Mpox vaccines to Africa but to also ensure that vaccine production technology is shared with the region. Patent waivers and technology transfers are critical steps to enable local vaccine production and reduce dependency on Western manufacturers.

          “Dr Penninah Iutung, AHF Africa Bureau Chief, believes that “Without urgent action, the inequality we are seeing will only worsen, leaving African nations at the mercy of another public health disaster. We cannot afford to let history repeat itself,” she added. The Mpox crisis has also shone a spotlight on the broader issue of how global health agreements are shaped. AHF Nigeria reinforces AHF Global’s position that any pandemic agreement must include provisions for the global south, ensuring that the most vulnerable populations are not left behind.

          “Mpox spreads primarily through skin-to-skin contact, and symptoms include rashes and lesions on the skin. Vaccines are available, but the issue lies in accessibility and affordability.

          “With cases now rising in over a dozen African countries, including 48 cumulative confirmed cases of the 868 suspected cases in Nigeria, according to the Nigerian Center for Disease Control (NCDC) as of August 2024, the need for global cooperation has never been more urgent.

          “AHF Nigeria is calling on governments, international organisations, and pharmaceutical companies to prioritise public health over profits. This is not just about Mpox or Africa. It’s about global health security. Inequity anywhere is a threat to health everywhere.”

        3. Akwa Ibom records five cases of Mpox

          Akwa Ibom records five cases of Mpox

          Akwa Ibom government says it has recorded five cases of Monkey pox across the state from a total of 30 samples collected for diagnosis.

          The state government said that from the samples, four cases were confirmed initially including three males and a female, ranging from  two, four, 12 and 41 years of age.

          Samuel Etuk, a disease surveillance and notification officer, who is with the state ministry of health, had earlier announced the confirmation of the four cases but  has confirmed additional one case .

          Etuk confirmed the first four cases during the Media Review Meeting organized by the Breakthrough Action Nigeria (BA-N) in collaboration with the State Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme(STBLCP), held in Uyo, the state capital. 

          On a WhatsApp group, he announced the confirmation of the additional new case.

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          “Good morning everyone. We have another positive case of Mpox bringing the tally to 5 confirmed cases in the State”, he said. 

          He had reported  that contact tracing for any transmission was conducted while the affected persons had been placed on isolation.

          He said ten community informants had been engaged per ward to work in catchment areas, reporting to the health facility focal person who in turn  would forward same to the local government disease surveillance and notification officers for an onward report to the Ministry of Health.

          Mpox spread from animal to animal and called, zoonotic while man to man is transmitted directly or indirectly through urine, faces, blood, sexual contact, broken skin, eyes, nose, mouth, contact with skin lesions and oral secretions.

          The disease symptom lasts 5-21 days, incubation period and include headache, swollen lymph, nodes, fever, back and muscle pain, lack of energy, rashes beginning on face to other parts such as palms, soles and feet,etc.

          Preventive measures include; avoiding contact with animals where Mpox is confirmed from sick or dead ones, avoiding contact with persons infected, isolation of infected animals. 

          Others include practicing of hand washing with soap, sanitizing of hand, meat cooking before consumption , and use of appropriate protective clothing and gloves while handling sick animals.

          He advised the public to report suspected cases at the nearest health facility or call the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). 

          On August 14,2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Mpox a Global Public Health Emergency of international concern in Africa after reviewing available data.

        4. FG steps up health facility regulatory formation process

          FG steps up health facility regulatory formation process

          The federal government has initiated the review of health facility regulations by forming the Committee for the Establishment of the National Health Facility Regulatory Agency (NHFRA).

          The committee was deemed necessary to improve healthcare standards, addressing gaps and coordination issues between health agencies.

          The Minister of State for Health and Social Welfare, Tunji Alausa, during the inauguration in Abuja on Wednesday, said the committee will be responsible for developing the NHFRA’s governance framework, operational guidelines, and legislative structure.

          According to him, the committee that has representatives from public and private sectors, including regulatory bodies and associations, will also oversee the adherence of healthcare facilities to stringent regulations and quality standards, aiming to eradicate malpractice and ensure that healthcare providers operate under optimal conditions.

          The committee is chaired by Dr. Richard Ajayi, Chairman of Bridge Clinic with otherwise that includes Tomi Coker, Ogun State Commissioner for Health; Aminat Ahmed El-Imam, Kwara State Commissioner for Health; Njide Ndili, Country Director of PharmAccess; Omede Idris from the Nigeria Medical Association; Nnaemeka Nwakanma from the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria; Manason Garkuwa from the Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria; Asekhame Isemede, Subject Matter Expert; Ajibike Oyewumi, Subject Matter Expert; Prof. Abubakar Kullima, Director of Clinical Services (State);  Dr. Damilola Matti from the Society for Quality in Healthcare in Nigeria; and Tosin Runsewe from the Health Federation of Nigeria, among others.

          The minister emphasised the urgent need for a strong regulatory framework to address critical issues in Nigeria’s healthcare system, citing recent scandals like illegal organ trafficking.

          While noting that the formation of the committee is a crucial step toward enforcing safety standards and restoring public trust, the Minister assured the committee is well-positioned to achieve the set goals before it.

          Read Also: NNMDA lists economic, health gains from commercialising local medicinal plants

          “This committee is not merely a regulatory body; it is a crucial agent of change. We are committed to bridging the gaps in our healthcare system and enforcing stringent standards to prevent malpractice.

          “Addressing these challenges requires a unified approach, and this committee will play an essential role in upholding the integrity of our healthcare services

          “This is also to reaffirm the government’s dedication to tackling both immediate and long-term issues within the sector.”

          The chairman of the committee, Ajayi, expressed optimism about the committee’s potential to enhance healthcare quality nationwide.

          “Our mission is clear: to establish a regulatory body that is both effective and responsive to the needs of our healthcare system. We will develop comprehensive guidelines and implement them rigorously.

          “The collaboration among experts from various sectors will be vital as we strive to set and maintain the highest standards of care. Together, we will foster a healthcare environment where quality and safety are paramount,” he said.

          On her part, the country director of PharmAccess, Njide Ndili, noted that the committee’s formation is critical to quality healthcare delivery in the country, which underscores the importance of the inclusion of PharmAccess in the committee for its expertise

          Saying that is eager to leverage its extensive experience to help shape a robust regulatory framework for healthcare facilities in Nigeria, Ndili said: “PharmAccess is delighted to be a member of this very important committee, given our track record in championing quality programs across Nigeria and Africa.

          “We look forward to bringing this experience to the table as we work together to establish this new agency.”

          In her remarks, the FCT Mandate Secretary on Health Services and Environment, Adedolapo Fasawe commended the establishment of the committee as a vital step toward improving accountability in the public healthcare sector.

          “We must hold ourselves accountable to the highest standards. This initiative is not just about compliance but about laying a foundation for future generations. This is a historic moment, and we must rise to the occasion,” Fasawe noted.

        5. Society urged to find solutions to neurogenetic crises

          Society urged to find solutions to neurogenetic crises

          The Neuroscience Society of Nigeria (NSN) has been urged to find solutions to some of the neurogenetic crises and diseases confronting Nigerians.

          The Vice Chancellor of Bingham University, Professor Haruna Ayuba, made this call while declaring the 21st Annual conference of the Neuroscience Society of Nigeria open in Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa state.

          Ayuba said that the theme of the conference, ‘Landscape of neurogenetic diseases’ was apt due to the negative impact of neurogenetic diseases on health services and economies of several countries across the world including Nigeria.

          “Neurogenetic diseases are caused by defects in one or more genes which affect the nervous system. These diseases affect both young and elderly. They are typically chronic and debilitating and in some cases, they are degenerating and life threatening. 

          “If the Neuroscience Society can find a cure for any of these diseases, we would save many lives. I hope at the end of this conference, we would be able to identify the genetic factors that are responsible for these diseases, and profile the mono-genetic and complex neurogenetic diseases that are peculiar to our environment.

           “I also hope that this conference will be able to characterize the therapeutic approaches that have been developed in the treatment of some of these diseases to maximize neuro function and minimize complications.”

          The Vice Chancellor expressed optimism that the conference would be a platform for bigger conversations that will bring about solutions to neurogenetic crises in Nigeria.

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          The President of the Neuroscience Society of Nigeria, Professor Bamideke Victor Owoyele said that the conference will provide continuing education, networking and career opportunities.

          He added that the theme of the year is focused to look at a specialized area of Neuroscience that requires genetic modifications and adequate studies coupled with specialized management of the disorders.

          The President said that the speakers who are seasoned experts in the field would have discussions that are constructive and diagnostic which would make the NSN a stronger force in advocacy and understanding of Neuroscience.

          Owoyele said that the Neuroscience Society of Nigeria is a multi-disciplinary society that is focused on the study and research of the nervous system adding that its members study the nervous system in health and diseases and are also involved in the management of neurological ailments.

          The Chairman of the Local Organizing Committee, Associate Professor Angela Danborno disclosed that the 21st NSN conference had the highest registration in recent years stating that this showed the growing interest and engagement in our field.

          “We have 93 faculty members, 118 postgraduate students and 36 undergraduate students registered as attendees. This diverse representation reflects the vibrant and inclusive nature of our community, spanning across all levels of academic and professional development.”

          Danborno said that the conference is being held in a hybrid format allowing participants to join both physically and virtually,” this approach ensures that our discussion and knowledge sharing are accessible to a wider audience, reinforcing our commitment to inclusivity and global collaboration. “

          The Society inducted Professor Barnabas Danborno as a Fellow of the Neuroscience Society of Nigeria as a result of his impactful contribution to the neuroscience community in Nigeria, Africa and the world as a whole.

        6. NNMDA lists economic, health gains from commercialising local medicinal plants

          NNMDA lists economic, health gains from commercialising local medicinal plants

          • By Adekunle Yusuf, Emmanuel Chidi-Maha and Princess Iduh

          The Director-General of the Nigerian National Medicinal Development Agency (NNMDA), Prof. Martins Emeje, has emphasised the significant economic and health advantages of commercialising local medicinal plants. In an exclusive interview, Prof. Emeje, a distinguished pharmacist and expert in pharmaco-economics and traditional medicine, provided an insightful analysis of how the strategic use of indigenous herbs could revolutionise both Nigeria’s economy and healthcare sector.

          His discussion highlighted the considerable economic benefits that could result from the systematic cultivation of medicinal plants. Using a recent example of a medicinal plant approved by the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) for malaria treatment, he illustrated a compelling scenario. Allocating 10 hectares of land for cultivating this plant could trigger a cascade of economic advantages. If Nigeria expanded this cultivation to 30 hectares, the impact would be even more pronounced. In this model, managing each 10-hectare plot would require approximately 20 workers, amounting to 60 jobs for just the farming phase. This figure represents the initial employment boost. Following harvest, the need to transport the plants to processing facilities would create additional jobs in the transportation sector. Prof. Emeje likened the logistics of this process to the transport network employed by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) during elections, suggesting that similar coordination could significantly impact employment in transportation.

          Beyond transportation, once the raw materials arrive at processing facilities, further job opportunities would arise. Skilled workers in fields such as chemistry, biology, botany, and pharmacy would be required for sorting, cleaning, drying, and manufacturing processes, thus stimulating broader economic activity. Prof. Emeje stressed that the creation of processing facilities would spur growth in related industries, including quality assurance laboratories and manufacturing units, addressing local unemployment and economic hardship.

          The NNMDA DG’s vision extends to a transformative shift in healthcare delivery through the integration of traditional medicine with modern pharmaceutical practices. He proposed the establishment of herbal clinics or wellness centres based on medicinal plant farms. These centres would offer patients a unique therapeutic environment, utilising fresh, locally sourced herbs for treatment. Such wellness centres could serve as an alternative to conventional healthcare facilities, potentially reducing the need for medical tourism. By providing a holistic approach to health, Nigeria could retain capital that would otherwise be spent abroad and enhance its reputation as a destination for traditional medicine. This shift could also foster a more inclusive healthcare system, integrating indigenous knowledge with modern medical practices.

          On the international stage, Prof. Emeje highlighted Nigeria’s potential to become a major player in the global medicinal plant market. By adhering to global quality standards, such as ISO 22000 for food safety management, Nigeria could position itself as a key exporter of medicinal herbs. Current market leaders like China and India dominate this sector, with the U.S. being a major consumer. If Nigeria develops a robust system for cultivating and processing medicinal plants, it could tap into this lucrative market, generating significant export revenue. A notable challenge identified by Prof. Emeje is the public perception of traditional medicine. Despite its historical and cultural significance, scepticism remains, particularly among the educated elite. This scepticism often stems from colonial-era biases that favoured Western medicine over indigenous practices.

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          Prof. Emeje expressed optimism about changing attitudes, driven by increasing scientific validation and expert support for traditional medicine. He pointed to successful examples of integrating traditional and modern practices as models for future development, suggesting that shifting public perception could enhance the acceptance and utilisation of traditional medicine.

          Looking to the future, the don is hopeful about the role of natural medicine in Nigeria’s healthcare system. With continued expert support and growing recognition of indigenous knowledge, traditional medicine could become a cornerstone of national healthcare strategies. Developing local production facilities, wellness homes, and rigorous quality assurance processes could revolutionise healthcare delivery, making it more accessible and affordable while boosting local economic activity. Prof. Emeje also emphasised the need for public awareness campaigns to build trust in traditional medicine. Investment in research and development is crucial to validate herbal treatments and ensure they meet international standards. Strengthening collaborations between traditional practitioners and modern scientists will be essential for advancing the field and ensuring the effective integration of traditional medicine into Nigeria’s healthcare system.

          To fully realise the benefits of commercialising medicinal plants, several challenges must be addressed. Prof. Emeje stressed the importance of overcoming public scepticism through education and awareness campaigns. Additionally, substantial investment in research and development is needed to validate and standardise herbal treatments. Strengthening collaborations between traditional and modern medical practitioners will be essential for advancing the field and ensuring the effective integration of traditional medicine into Nigeria’s healthcare system.

        7. Striking trends in Nigerian DNA paternity testing results

          Striking trends in Nigerian DNA paternity testing results

          Smart DNA, a leading DNA testing centre based in Lagos, has unveiled its 2024 report, offering a deep dive into the evolving trends and implications of DNA testing in Nigeria. Spanning the period from July 2023 to June 2024, the report provides a comprehensive overview of paternity testing results, immigration-related DNA tests, and other significant findings that reflect shifting societal norms, economic disparities and evolving family structures.

          One of the most striking revelations from the report is the high incidence of negative paternity results. According to the data, 27 per cent of the paternity tests conducted came back negative, indicating that more than one in four tested men were not the biological fathers of the children in question. This statistic highlights a significant level of paternity uncertainty within Nigerian society, sparking important conversations about family dynamics, trust, and relationship integrity.

          Elizabeth Digia, Operations Manager at Smart DNA, commented on this finding, stating, “The high rate of negative paternity tests sheds light on the complexities of personal relationships in Nigeria. It underscores the need for open conversations about family trust and the implications of these results on societal norms.”

          The report also identifies a notable increase in DNA tests conducted for immigration purposes, reflecting the broader “Japa” trend—where Nigerians are increasingly seeking opportunities abroad. The surge in immigration-related DNA testing is attributed to the growing number of Nigerians navigating dual citizenship and emigration paperwork for their children. Digia explained, “The rise in immigration-related DNA tests points to a significant shift in how Nigerians are planning their futures. As more people seek opportunities outside the country, the demand for accurate documentation and verification has surged.”

          A key finding from the report is the overwhelming concentration of DNA testing services in Lagos, which accounted for 73.1 per cent of all tests conducted. Within Lagos, there is a clear economic divide, with the Mainland region representing 67.5 per cent of tests and the Island region 32.5per cent. This concentration raises concerns about the accessibility of DNA testing services in other parts of Nigeria and highlights the economic disparities within the city. “The concentration of testing in Lagos highlights an important issue regarding access to these services,” Digia noted. “Our goal is to expand our reach and ensure that quality DNA testing services are available across the entire country.”

          The report reveals a significant gender disparity in the initiation of DNA tests. Men initiated 88.2 per cent of all test requests, while women initiated just 11.8 per cent. This substantial imbalance raises questions about gender roles, societal pressures, and trust issues within relationships. “This disparity in test initiation underscores broader societal issues related to gender and trust,” Digia observed. “Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing the underlying concerns and fostering a more equitable approach to paternity testing.”

          The report also highlights an uneven ethnic distribution in DNA test requests. The Yoruba ethnic group accounted for 53 per cent of tests, followed by the Igbo at 31.3 per cent, while the Hausa group represented only 1.20 per cent. This distribution does not align with Nigeria’s national ethnic demographics and suggests varying cultural attitudes towards paternity testing and genetic science. “The ethnic distribution of DNA tests raises important questions about cultural attitudes and access to genetic science,” Digia said. “This information will help us tailor our services and outreach efforts to better serve diverse communities.”

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          The report provides additional insights into the age demographics of those requesting DNA tests. Most tests were conducted on children aged 0-5 years (54.0%), indicating a preference for early paternity confirmation. Among adults, men aged 41 and above (45.6%) and those aged 31-40 years (37.0%) were the most frequent initiators of tests, possibly reflecting economic capabilities or heightened concerns about paternity. “There’s a clear preference for early paternity confirmation, particularly for young children,” Digia noted. “The higher request rates among older men may also reflect increased financial stability or greater concern over paternity.”

          The report shows a slight gender bias in child testing, with more tests conducted on male children (52.8%) compared to female children (47.2%). This trend may suggest a cultural preference for confirming the paternity of male offspring. “This slight gender bias could reflect cultural attitudes towards male children,” Digia explained. “It’s important to consider these cultural factors when interpreting the data and developing our services.”

          A significant finding from the report is that the majority of DNA tests (85.9%) were conducted for ‘Peace of Mind,’ indicating that personal reassurance is the primary motivation behind most DNA testing in Nigeria. This trend highlights the personal rather than legal nature of many DNA tests. “The focus on ‘Peace of Mind’ emphasises the personal nature of DNA testing for many Nigerians,” Digia said. “Our role is to provide accurate and confidential testing to support individuals seeking clarity and reassurance.”

          Smart DNA’s 2024 report provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of DNA testing in Nigeria. The findings reveal significant trends and highlight areas for further research and discussion. “These findings offer a unique window into the changing dynamics of Nigerian families and society. The high rate of negative paternity tests and the surge in immigration-related testing are particularly noteworthy. They reflect broader societal trends that merit further discussion and research. The concentration of testing in Lagos also raises important questions about accessibility and awareness of DNA testing services across Nigeria. As a company, we’re committed to expanding access to our services nationwide while maintaining the highest standards of accuracy and confidentiality,” she said.

          As Smart DNA continues to expand its services, addressing these insights will be crucial in meeting the diverse needs of the Nigerian population. “We are committed to expanding access to DNA testing services across Nigeria while upholding the highest standards of accuracy and confidentiality,” Digia concluded. “These insights will guide us in better understanding and addressing the evolving needs of our clients.”

        8. Q AND A: Chanca for fibroids, Walnut for brain balance

          Q AND A: Chanca for fibroids, Walnut for brain balance

          Today is Questions and Answers (Q&A) day. Top on the bill is Uterine Fibroids. Next comes what we may call Behaviour Balance, a concern of Menta Health, which has several compartments. Thousands of Nigerian women literally shuttle between pillar and post every day for a cure, which is often elusive in an ever-growing market of advertised proprietary formulas. Surgery does not appeal to many of the cure seekers because some women have been reported to die in the theatre or soon after, or because of the fears of scar tissues, which may prevent pregnancy.

          I receive many questions and enquiries regarding whether CHANCA PIEDRA and other herbs may be of help, and if vegetables such as OKARA may compound the problem.

          CHANCA PIEDRA? Logic supports the suggestion that this herb may be relevant in uterine fibroid therapy. There is always something in a name, even in human names. In Asia, the word Chanca Piedra means STONE BREAKER OR STONE CRUSHER. It earned this name because it is observed to dissolve or crush kidney and gallbladder stones. From this observation, eye surgeon Prof. Bukola Adefule-Oshitelu has prepared its extracts for use in eye cataracts therapy, since this condition is a stone or stone formed in the gelatinous fluid in the eye lens, which transmits  light impressions to the light-sensitive portion of the retina, from where resultant  images are forwarded  to the brain.

          For this reason, Chanca Piedra plays a double role for the treatment of glaucoma in the hands  of Prof. Adefule-Oshitelu, because  this stone crusher is also an hypotensive, that is, a natural medication that lowers blood pressure by helping the kidneys to expel fluid. Thus, while Chanca Piedra as an eye drop formula may drive out excess fluid from the eye and lower intra-ocular pressure (IOP), it may also crush the cataract stone(s).

          Since I began to use this preparation some years ago, I have had no need for orthodox formulas such asTimotol and  Timolol, to which I often reacted with low blood pressure, since, at 110/70, I may be prone to this condition.

          This Chanca Piedra preparation complements the original formula of another substance, GARCINIA KOLA (Orogbo in Yoruba or Bitter kola in English). Bitter kola extracts do not crush kidney stones but lower IOP and prevent and  cure infections.

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          An octogenarian who attended the Guinness Eye Clinic of Professor Adefule-Oshitelu at the Lagos University Teaching Hospitals (LUTH) but did not use her orthodox medicine prescription gave her this formula. At the request of some of her patients, Prof. Adefule-Oshitelu sometimes combines Garcinia and Chanca in one formula. Lately, she has added a third name, ABERE (d:d:d), which is said to also be a cataract fighter like Chanca. With these credentials, Chanca Piedra is often recommended for uterine fibroids therapy in the conviction that what would tame the goose would also conquer the gander. This is because uterine fibroids sometimes grow into a stone. Many suggestions have been offered for this occurrence. One is that Calcium and Magnesium are out of balance in their normal 2:1 ratio and excess Calcium is infiltrating uterine fibroids tissues. Another suggestion is that abnormally high levels of COLLAGEN, the body’s most abundant protein, is being produced in this tissue and hardening into a stone. So, it is thought that Chanca may be taken in diverse forms to attack and crush these stones.

          A Chanca therapy cure is reported below from five studies reviewed from PUBMED, the platform which warehouses the findings of several important medical studies. The review by an expert says:

          “1. Phyllanthus niruri extract inhibits human uterine leiomyoma cell growth (2018)

          This in vitro study published in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology found that Chanca piedra extract inhibited the growth of human uterine leiomyoma cells, suggesting potential anti-fibroid activity.

          2. Phyllanthus niruri reduces estrogen-induced uterine fibroids in rats (2015)

          This animal study published in the Journal of Herbal Medicine found that Chanca piedra extract reduced the size of estrogen-induced uterine fibroids in rats, indicating possible therapeutic effects.

          3. Phyllanthus niruri inhibits fibroid cell proliferation and induces apoptosis (2020)

          This in vitro study published in the Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine found that Chanca piedra extract inhibited fibroid cell proliferation and induced apoptosis (cell death), suggesting potential anti-fibroid mechanisms.

          4. Phyllanthus niruri extract suppresses inflammatory responses in human uterine fibroid cells (2019)

          This in vitro study published in the Journal of Inflammation found that Chanca piedra extract suppressed inflammatory responses in human uterine fibroid cells, which may contribute to its potential therapeutic effects.

          5. Clinical evaluation of Phyllanthus niruri in the treatment of uterine fibroids (2012)

          This small-scale clinical trial published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine found that Chanca piedra supplementation reduced fibroid size and improved symptoms in patients with uterine fibroids. However, the study had a limited sample size and lacked a control group.

          With belief in the healing power of plant medicine still not being universal, many doubting Thomases in conventional medicine or orthodox medicine always suggest the need for bigger studies with Chanca Piedra therapy for uterine fibroids and other health conditions.

          A discussion of uterine fibroids and their possible natural cures in Nigeria may be incomplete if it does not address the fears of many women that  some food crops such as OKARA cause or compound uterine fibroids. I am aware of manywomen who voraciously consume OKARA but have not developed uterine fibroids. My observation is confirmed by the beliefs of some researchers whose views they summarise below:

          “There is no conclusive evidence that okra (also known as okra or lady’s fingers) causes or worsens uterine fibroids. Okra is a nutrient-rich vegetable that is commonly consumed in many parts of the world, particularly in Africa and Asia.

          Some studies suggest that okra may have beneficial effects on women’s health, including:

          1. Antioxidant properties: Okra contains antioxidants that may help protect against oxidative stress and inflammation, which can contribute to the development of fibroids.

          2. Anti-inflammatory properties: Okra has anti-inflammatory compounds that may help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms associated with fibroids.

          3. Hormonal balance: Okra may help regulate hormonal imbalances, which can contribute to the growth of fibroids.

          However, it is essential to note that individual results may vary, and more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between okra consumption and uterine fibroids”.

          Neem

          If I may proceed beyond the brief on Chanca Piedra, I would say it is not the only plant medicine that can resolve or support uterine fibroids therapy. There are about 20 possible causes of this condition, and, so, we should expect not just one solution. The possible causes include, but are not limited to, deoxygenation, poor blood circulation, hormonal imbalance, calcification, free radicals activities and antioxidant deficiencies, potassium deficiencies and elevated sodium blood level, germ colonisation etc. In respect of sodium elevation, some conditions have improved with the elimination of monosodium glutamate (MSG, i.e., taste enhancer) an increase consumption of potassium-rich foods and fruits such as banaba, in ripe plantain and the peel cooked and eating together, avocado pear, yam and potato,among others.

          One of the useful herbs I would like to add to Chanca Piedra is the leaf or oil of dogoyaro (Neem tree), which grows well in Nigeria. The following testimonials come from an expert research opinion:

          “Major studies reported in PubMed for the treatment of uterine fibroids with Neem:

          • Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf extract inhibits growth of human uterine leiomyoma cells (2018) PubMed ID: 29453811

          This in vitro study found that Neem leaf extract inhibited the growth of human uterine leiomyoma cells, suggesting potential anti-fibroid activity.

          •Neem oil inhibits estrogen-induced uterine fibroids in rats (2015) PubMed ID: 25736441

          This animal study found that Neem oil reduced the size of estrogen-induced uterine fibroids in rats, indicating possible therapeutic effects.

          •Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf extract induces apoptosis in human uterine fibroid cells (2020) PubMed ID: 32234512

          This in vitro study found that Neem leaf extract induced apoptosis (cell death) in human uterine fibroid cells, suggesting potential anti-fibroid mechanisms.

          •Neem leaf extract suppresses inflammatory responses in human uterine fibroid cells (2019) PubMed ID: 30934312

          This in vitro study found that Neem leaf extract suppressed inflammatory responses in human uterine fibroid cells, which may contribute to its potential therapeutic effects.

          •Clinical evaluation of Azadirachta indica (Neem) in the treatment of uterine fibroids (2018) PubMed ID: 29374112

          This small-scale clinical trial found that Neem supplementation reduced fibroid size and improved symptoms in patients with uterine fibroids. However, the study had a limited sample size and lacked a control group.”

          Question2:

          Walnut

          We are in the season of the black walnut in Nigeria. I have been eating it because I am told by some spiritualists that we should joyfully eat every fruit and food in season as they are gifts from nature, which knows what our bodies need from time to time. I have also heard that the black walnut and its leaves are good for mental health care. How true is this?

          Answer

          Walnut and behaviour balance

          “Behaviour balance” is a fascinating name on the health food store shelf for anyone with behaviour snags or who is shopping for someone else so assailed. I chose the two words “behaviour balance” to answer the question above because I often suggested a proprietary plant medicine brand called BEHAVIOUR BALANCE for some mental health challenges which border on behaviour imbalances. The content of this product include:

          •Walnut leaf… Known for its calming and anti-anxiety properties.

          •Passionflower… Traditionally used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and restlessness.

          •Lavender… Recognised for its calming and relaxing effects.

          •Valerian root… Used to promote relaxation, reduce stress, and improve sleep quality.

          •Chamomile… Known for its soothing and calming properties.

          •GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)… A neurotransmitter that helps regulate calmness and relaxation.

          •5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan)… An amino acid that supports mood balance and relaxation.

          To the enquirer who reminded me that we were again in the Walnut season, I say “thank you” because the reminder that I always mention it and its leaves every season encouraged me to buy a #1,000 worth of black walnut last week, which I ate with every meal for three days and topped up with Alligator pepper, also called THE GRAINS OF PARADISE, to shake off the cold of this season.

          I was introduced to the healing properties of Walnut by THE PSYCHIC GARDEN of Millie Uyldert on two main grounds, namely:

          •The signature tune,

          •The practical work of the Emperor of France.

          Signature tune

          Many herbalists believe that the shape of healing plants and fruits suggests the organs or systems of the body they significantly support. So, what is the signature tune of the black walnut? It has two hemispheres like the frontal brain, the cerebrum, and a pith tissue in the middle which corresponds with the median tissue of the cerebrum.

          •Emperor’s orchards

          It is reported that, in the period of French conquests in Europe, French soldiers intoxicated with alcohol often went on a rampage, shooting, maiming, and killing. Then, someone in the empire who knew Walnut could quieten the unbalanced and misbehaving brain advised the Emperor to have walnut orchards built throughout France. At the end of the day, three principal personalities can be said to have anchored the Walnut-eating tradition in France.

          •Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821)

          •Joséphine de Beauharnais, Napoleon Bonaparte’s wife

          •Napoleon III (1808-1873), also known as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte

          While Napoleon Bonaparte encouraged walnut orchards, his wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais, popularised the serving of walnuts at social gatherings and in liqueur pubs. Poor people could not avoid walnuts in those days, as they still cannot in Nigeria today. Napoleon III was the Emperor who specifically promoted the consumption of walnuts in liqueur pubs, where they were served free with liqueur purchases.

          According to the internet, here are some testimonials of walnut and walnuts leaves as benefical for brain health.:

          “•Antioxidant properties: Walnuts contain high levels of antioxidants, which can help protect against oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, potentially reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression.

          “•Mood booster: Walnuts are a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which supports brain health and may help alleviate symptoms of depression.

          “•Anxiolytic effects: Walnut leaves have been traditionally used to calm the nervous system and reduce anxiety. The flavonoids and phenolic compounds present in walnut leaves may contribute to their anxiolytic effects.

          “•Cognitive function: Walnuts contain compounds that may help improve cognitive function, including memory and concentration, which can be beneficial for individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or neurodegenerative diseases.

          •Neuroprotection*: Walnut leaves and walnuts contain neuroprotective compounds that may help protect against neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain”.

          Personally, I feel full when I eat about 10 walnuts with alligator pepper to drive their nutrients into the blood-stream to reach all parts of the body, particularly the brain. I feel great with the taste of essential fats in my mouth, which I sometimes seal up with one or two tablespoonfuls of rejuvenating drink. It is not surprising to me whenever I do this that I feel the urge to defeacate within a few hours after. Walnuts are rich in fibre, making them good for digestion. Alligator pepper is a digestion stimulant. Rejuvenating Drink wakes up the body in several ways. I always recommend it to anyone who needs refurbishment in any part of the body. Together, they make me poop two or three times a day. The eliminations are voluminous and so soft that I hardly believe I expelled them without the aid of an organic coffee enema. You should appreciate my joy in this regard if you have been following health treatises after health treatises on this page that… death begins slowly surely in the intestine. Accumulated toxins end up in the blood-stream from where they invade the organs, including the brain. In the brain, they may cause free radical damage in the absence of enough antioxidants to neutralize them, apart from causing irritation, inflammation, pain, and headache, sleep disorders, memory loss, brain fatigue, and weakness, nerve damage, depression, and other unwholesome brain conditions. In fact, some physicians start their clearance of headache, mental confusion, and other brain challenges with the clearance of the intestine. It is interesting to note that even eye conditions such as glaucoma are now believed to be caused not solely by degeneration of the retina but more likely by the degeneration of nerves and cells in the brain which control nerves in the retina.

          PUBMED

          There have been many studies into the claims of folk medicine that walnut and walnut leaves are useful natural agents in the treatment of mental imbalances such as depression. In this regard, I will like to state that mental health care is a wide, open terrain that involves numerous types of single herbal medicines and proprietary formulas. This section is limited, due to lack of space, to a few studies published in PUBMED, a reputable platform that hosts a wide range of credible laboratory, medical, or clinical investigations. They are…

          1. Study: Antioxidant activity of black walnut (Juglans nigra) leaves Published: 2018, Journal of Food Science and Technology PubMed ID: 29628814

          2. Study: Neuroprotective effects of black walnut extract on Alzheimer’s disease Published: 2015, Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease PubMed ID: 25720418

          3. Study: Black walnut leaf extract inhibits inflammation in microglial cells Published: 2019, Journal of Neuroinflammation PubMed ID: 30819241

          4. Study: Juglone from black walnut hulls induces apoptosis in glioblastoma cells Published: 2017, Journal of Medicinal Food PubMed ID: 28121444

          5. Study: Black walnut polyphenols improve memory and cognitive function Published: 2016, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry PubMed

          6. Study:Anti-anxiety effects of black walnut leaf extract

          Published: 2020, Journal of Ethnopharmacology

          PubMed ID:32081741

          7. Study:Black walnut extract protects against Parkinson’s disease-induced neurotoxicity

          Published: 2018, Journal of Neurochemistry

          PubMed ID:29341441

          8. Study: Black walnut leaf flavonoids exhibit antidepressant-like activity

          Published: 2019, Journal of Affective Disorders

          PubMed ID:_ 30819523

          9. Study: Black walnut hull extract inhibits neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis

          Published:2017, Journal of Neuroimmunology

          PubMed ID:28153641

          10. Study: Black walnut polyphenols enhance neurotrophic factors in hippocampal neurons

          Published: 2020, Journal of Neuroscience Research

          PubMed ID: 32216141

          In conclusion, Nigeria is blessed with a bumper harvest of black walnuts every year, but we are an ignorant and lazy lot who allow much of the harvest to become rotten. Euro-Americans and Asians freeze-dry the surplus to powder or extract oils and other substances from them. This enables them to enjoy the health benefits of walnuts and walnut leaves year-round, whereas we are still confined to the season. Meanwhile,we will continue to enjoy at a cost walnut powder and walnut oil from other lands long after the Walnut  season in Nigeria.

        9. Gates Foundation recommits to improved maternal health, others

          Gates Foundation recommits to improved maternal health, others

          The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has promised greater commitment to ending maternal mortality, especially from Post Partum Hemorrhage (PPH).

          The co-chair of the foundation, Bill Gates, made the promise while addressing journalists on the sideline of the 2024 Nutri-Vision: Pan African Youth Dialogue on Nutrition in Abuja.

          According to Gates, the foundation’s trial on the $2 anti-bleeding drugs has proven to be very effective and so it encouraged the World Health Organisation (WHO) to change its recommendation.

          He said: “Our most exciting work is in the Mother and Child area. We were trying out the idea of putting a drape under a mother who’s delivering to see how much bleeding is happening. We had two cutoff points in the trial where you could give a woman these very cheap anti-bleeding drugs after 200 millilitres of bleeding. The current WHO standard is that you should treat women if they bled over 500 millilitres, but there are no tools to measure that, so often women who even exceed that level don’t get treatment.

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          “But what we showed in the trial was that if you use these anti-bleeding drugs at the current recommended level, you saved a little over 50 percent of lives, but if you did it at the lower level, you actually saved 70 percent. So we got the WHO to change its recommendation. Now we are trying to get it rolled out such that you have this plastic mat that’s very inexpensive to measure the blood loss, and then if needed, the $2 drugs that actually stop the bleeding can be used.

          “That study was supposed to go on for three years but in six months, the effect was so dramatic and we ended the trial early, which almost never happens. If something is so miraculous, it then becomes unethical to continue the trial.

          “We’re trying to do the same thing for other maternal conditions like preeclampsia and gestational diabetes because these issues that drive the level of maternal mortality are unfortunately still fairly high in Nigeria.”

          Gates also hinted at efforts to develop cheap effective vaccines to combat tuberculosis. He lamented that tuberculosis had resumed its number one position as the biggest infectious disease killer of about 1.6 million people every year, and yet it is underfunded.

          He said: “The foundation works on tuberculosis diagnostics because it’s still too hard and expensive to diagnose, and we want to get a $2 test. We don’t have that yet, but we’re pretty optimistic we’ll get it.

          “We’re making great progress on the drugs and bringing new drugs in because patients have to sadly take the current drugs for nine months, even as there are the drug-resistant strains, either single drug resistance or multi-drug resistance.

          “We’re also working on a vaccine, and the trial will take like four years, and we’re hoping it will show like a 70 percent reduction rate. It’s a very expensive trial, going for about $500 million, yet there is the possibility it won’t work. The vaccine is also very risky but we’ve decided to go ahead and fund it because there are no good TB vaccines, and this one, at least at the trial level, looked like it might give us a 70 percent reduction rate.

          “But we are very hopeful, and we’ll try other vaccines as well. The drugs and new diagnostic I guarantee will work.”