Category: Columnists

  • Enugu is airborne

    Enugu is airborne

    The Governor of Enugu State, Barrister Peter Mbah, at his inauguration, in 2023, promised to transform the state economy to a $40 billion economy. Many had wondered, and still wonder, how he can do that. With the presentation of the 2025 budget proposal to the state House of Assembly last week, Enugu State, which is commonly referred to as a civil service state, after the state lost its economic shine, since the Coal Corporation became moribund, appears to be on the march again. The state capital, Enugu, otherwise known as the Coal City, developed around the business of coal, and evolved to become the capital of Eastern Nigeria.

    The colonial master, Britain, which needed coal as the source of energy, ensured that railway was built to evacuate the product through the sea to Europe. But with the rise of relatively cleaner hydrocarbons, oil, as the alternative major source of energy, there was gradual death of the coal business. As the coal economy nosedived, the economy of Enugu State, the ultimate successor of the Eastern Nigeria, shrank, until the state was substantially sustained by the fuel, from the federation account.

    In 2023, the state got a total of N133.29 billion from the FAAC, ranking number 25 out of the 36 states in Nigeria. That year, the state budget was initially N166,602,416,770 before it was revised to N224,697,899,063, making the budget reliant on the FAAC, about 80 percent. In 2024, with Mbah, fully on the saddle, the budget tagged ‘Budget of Distributive Economic Growth’, more than doubled to N521,561,386,000, out of which it expected to raise N252.7 as Internally Generated Revenue, IGR.

    Significantly, the projected IGR for 2024, was more than the entire budget for 2023. Last week, the governor literally shot the state economy into the stratosphere with a budget of N971,844,000,000, called ‘Budget of Exponential Growth and Inclusive Prosperity’, for the year 2025. Interestingly, the Capital Expenditure component of the proposal, is N837,944,000,000, while the recurrent expenditure component is N133,140,000,000. Between IGR, VAT and Grants, the state expects to raise N692,179,000,000.

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    At the presentation, the governor said: “In crafting this budget, we have sort to continue to lay the right foundation in Enugu to enhance the economy and attract even more private investment.” He went on: “In spite of the dreary economic environment across the country, for us here in Enugu, we have elected to remain bullish in our aspiration, and to double down on our commitment to elevate our state to top three status in terms of GDP nationally, and eradicate poverty from our midst.”

    Considering where the state was in 2023, it is reasonable to wonder where the state would get all the resources to achieve its very ambitious budget proposal. Agreeably, the removal of oil subsidy has seen the federation account balloon, but not with the same leap as the state’s proposed budget. From N224 billion in 2023, it moved to N521.5 billion in 2024, and now N971.8 billion projections for 2025. The figure reeled out by the governor, at the budget presentation, are indeed ambitious. 

    The governor said: “In the area of our revenues, we estimated that total recurrent revenues during 2025 will amount to N692,179,000,000 as against the approved revised provision for 2024 of N383,789,000,000.” He continued: “The recurrent revenues for 2025 are broken down as follows: opening balance – N32,000,000,000; Internally Generated Revenue, IGR – N509,947,000,000; statutory revenue – N48,749,000,000; exchange rate differential – N26,559,000,000; and Value Added Tax, VAT – N74,924,000,000.”

    If the state can pull this budget off, it would join the top sub-nationals in the country.

    One unequivocal area of interest for the governor is education. He said: “As we all know by now, education is both our ‘sword’ and ‘shield’ in this battle to achieve economic growth in our state and banish poverty and want among our population. Consequently, we are maintaining the ambitious direction we charted in 2024 by voting N320,000,000,000 for that sector. This represents 78 percent of the social sector of the budget and 32 percent of our Capital Expenditure this year.”

    An excitable angle, that first drew my attention, is the proposal to acquire four additional aircraft to expand Enugu Air, which inspired the title of this piece. The budget proposal for that is the sum of N41,132,436,000,000. Mbah said the state will be consummating the concession of the Akanu Ibiam International Airport, as well as the construction of an international cargo terminal. The state will also float a new taxi scheme, in collaboration with the private sector, to modernize, urban and inter-urban transportation, in the state.  

    Talking about the 2024 budget performance, one understands that the governor’s optimism, is not merely in the air. For instance, the state’s IGR in 2022, was N26.8 billion, and it grew by 39 percent to 37.4 billion in 2023, but as at September 2024, had drastically increased to 144.7 billion, representing a 286.2 percent increase. He was optimistic that it would hit N200 billion by the end of the year. In terms of budgetary performance, he said, “the total revenue realized in the state as at October 2024 came to N459,851,39,396.47, which comes to a budgetary performance of 88 percent.”

    On the performance side, the budget has also performed up to 88 percent. He also said: “As at October, these inflows had been applied to expenditure with N382,427,929,564.00 as Capital Expenditure and N76,546,09,116.18 as recurrent expenditure. These translated to a budget performance of 88 percent.” This column agrees with the state House of Assembly, that the governor and his team have shown enormous capacity to live the state’s avowed mantra that ‘tomorrow is here’ and so agrees with the members that the budget should be expeditiously passed by them.

    While the state ranks in the middle of other 36 states in the country with respect to revenue from the FAAC, it definitely pushes to be amongst the top five states in terms of budget estimate for 2025. And yet the state is not an oil producing state, which gets extra federal allocation receipts, from FAAC. So, to achieve the ambitious plan to turn the state into a top three state economy, in the country, the state must be ready to diversify its revenue sources, hence the Enugu Air.

    Post haste, the governor has promised that the state airline will lift Ndi Enugu home as the 2024 yuletide, beckons. With Akwa Ibom State, seemingly making a huge success of its Ibom Air, who says state run enterprises cannot be a success? Last week, Governor Mbah was amongst President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s federal government’s delegation to France, where the Solid Mineral Ministry, signed a Memorandum of Understanding, with France, for the revival of 2000 abandoned mine pits, in Nigeria. Hopefully, the Coal City, Enugu, will benefit, and her several abandoned mines will roar back to life.

  • Lessons from Prime Minister Modi’s visit

    Lessons from Prime Minister Modi’s visit

    Indian Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi‘s state visit to Nigeria from 17-18 November 17 – 18 to “strengthen the current India-Nigeria Strategic Partnership” was but a renewal of over six decades of bilateral relationship between India and Nigeria dating back to 1958 – two years before Nigeria secured her independence from Britain. While the two leaders spoke of the immense potential for collaboration in the fields of trade, investment, education, energy, health, culture, Prime Minister Modi also offered India’s experience in agriculture, transportation, affordable medicine, renewable energy, and digital transformation to Nigeria.

    Nigeria has always benefitted from her close relationship with India. For instance, besides the support of India teachers and doctors which Nigeria enjoyed immediately after independence, it is on record that it was India that established the National Defence Academy in Kaduna and the Naval War College, Port Harcourt. Today there are about 60,000-strong Indian expatriate community in Nigeria and over 200 Indian companies with investment portfolio of over $27 billion.

    As post-colonial nation-states created by Britain to satisfy her greed for continued exploitation of resources of conquered and colonized territories, India and Nigeria share some parallels. Both are heterogeneous and multicultural societies where groups at different levels of cultural development were forcibly merged together without consultation. While Nigeria with a population of over 200m has about 350 ethnic groups, India with a population of about 1.4 billion has over 2000 ethnic groups. Sowing the seeds of future instability by Britain was not by accident. British officials, after all, had earlier boasted that it was their presence alone that had prevented the newly created states of Africa and Asia ‘from disastrous descent into turmoil of warring sects’. Institutionalising a federal arrangement for strange bed-fellows as a strategy for exploiting ethnic consciousness of federating ethnic nationalities was not out of place.

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     India is ethnically diverse with significant diversity within regions; almost every state and several districts have its own distinct mixture of ethnicities, traditions, and culture. But India, unlike Nigeria has been able to manage her diversity because India’s political elite saw their pluralism as strength and accepted the challenge of living together. They saw nothing wrong with tribes and made conscious effort to create states on basis of languages spoken by citizens such as Maharashtra, Punjab and West Bengal.

    The federal system of India provides equality to all the citizens as well as freedom of expression and freedom to practice their religion, etc. In terms of financial relations, India follows a system of fiscal federalism, where financial resources are distributed between the central and state governments. The constitution provides for the sharing of taxes and grants-in-aid to ensure financial autonomy for the states.

    Like India, our own 1957 constitution also laid down the framework for a federal system of government clearly defining the powers and responsibilities of the central and regional governments. The regional list includes subjects of local or regional importance, such as police, public health, and agriculture. The concurrent list includes subjects on which both the central and state governments can legislate. Fiscal federalism ensures or guarantees financial autonomy of federating regions.

    Sadly,  unlike India’s elite, our deceitful political elite undermined our own federal arrangement by unconstitutionally interfering in the affairs of the regions, and assaulting the tribes, the building block for African societies, claiming, albeit falsely, that it is possible to love Nigeria more than your family or your tribe which will be like climbing the palm tree from the top.

     Despite the provision of the 1957 constitution, the feudal lords in the north did not allow freedom of religion. The 1963 republican constitution, the first to be wholly midwifed by Nigerian elite provided the coalition partners an opportunity to insert a clause that would allow them to arrest and detain people without court order for expressing their opinion. The first victim was Obafemi Awolowo who was detained for criticizing Anglo-Nigerian defence pact.

    However, while India was busy setting up technology special schools (India Institute of Technology (IITS), the India Institute of Science (IISc) and National Institute of Technology (NITS) that attracted the best brains among India’s youths which has today resulted in Indian engineers heading most of the leading tech companies in the world, we were busy replicating federal government unity schools across Nigeria.

    India started the arduous task by first taming the feudal lords, who had to be replaced by the capitalist class who know how to mobilise the people to secure power. India did this without underestimating the intrigues of the metropolitan powers. As President Bola Tinubu moves from France to Britain and to Germany, he must not forget the duplicitous role of Britain as foremost promoter of ethnic consciousness, secret supporter of Fulani claim of ownership of Nigeria, and betrayer of  Biafra that had expected her support  as chief promoter of ethnic consciousness.

    India therefore emerged as a union of nationalist groups that respect the culture and values of federating members. Apart from Hindi, the official language spoken by about 40 percent, there are about 20 other recognized languages. They understand their challenges include taming the feudal lords who have to be replaced by the capitalist class. They did not underestimate the intrigues of the metropolitan powers in the guise of promoting ethnic consciousness. Or preventing the disintegration of areas amalgamated without consideration for their level of cultural development and favoured one group above the other.

    Patriotism for Indians is not about loving India. That comes naturally from the union of nationalities. They don’t have to set up unity schools, institutionalize quota system of admission to tertiary institutions or into bureaucracy, discriminatory admission marks for JAMB or decree a National Youth Service in pursuit of elusive unity.

    Instead, they set up competitive tech schools that attract the best of their youths. The result today is that most of the best tech companies in the world are headed by Indians.  Indian leaders don’t need to decree patriotism. The billions of dollars repatriated back to India yearly by their tech experts in high demand in Europe and North America speak louder than the voices of those turned their brainwaves to state policies.

    India’s visionary leaders didn’t have to mouth unity or patriotism. All they did was to invest in the education of their youths. The product of such schools are today in charge of India’s economy, ranked fifth in the world by GDP and in fact projected to become the third largest economy by the end of the decade.

    We institutionalized quota system of admission into the unity schools to accommodate those who as a result of lower scores could not compete with their counterparts. In the name of unity, we set up JAMB to accommodate those who have no business in the universities, and quota system of recruiting third class graduates at the expense of first class graduates into the bureaucracy.

    We don’t need to search far as to why India has become choice destination for Nigeria’s medical tourism, why our best graduates are moving in droves to seek greener pastures in Europe, Canada and USA and why India’s elite has been able to stabilize their democracy, their economy, sent satellite to the moon and became a nuclear power while our own elite remain the scourge of our nation.

  • IDPs of Southeast

    IDPs of Southeast

    A worrisome picture of the humanitarian crisis engendered by violence and ecological challenges in the Southeast was laid bare last week by Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives (DSP), Benjamin Kalu.

    In a roundtable discussion with representatives of International Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), the Kalu reeled out startling statistics on Internally Displaced Persons IDPS from the southeast region.

      Titled “Through Their Eyes: A Call to Action, Addressing Humanitarian Challenges in the Southeast”, the aim of the roundtable was to explore collaborative strategies to address humanitarian, ecological and systemic challenges affecting the zone.

     By the figures released at the event, there are more than 268,000 IDPs spread across 158 camps and affected communities in the southeast zone of Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu and Imo states. Kalu threw further insight into the nature of the humanitarian challenges characterised by displacement, violence, ecological problems including gully erosion that has destroyed homes and left many without shelter.

    “Shelter, in particular remains a pressing concern. Families live in makeshift camps or overcrowded host communities, exposed to health risks, insecurity and loss of dignity…This crisis demands not only immediate intervention but also sustainable strategies to restore stability and hope.” he further stressed.

    Midway in the discussions, a documentary on the grim humanitarian crisis arising from violence, displacement and ecological challenges was shown to the audience. It brought close the reality of the displacements and huge ecological challenges confronting the zone. 

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    It was perhaps, the first official attempt to recognise and document the existence of IDPs and their make-shift camps in the southeast. The sheer number of displaced persons and the reality of the existence of IDP camps in the zone must have altered preconceived notions on the issue.

    Before now, the impression was that there are neither IDPs nor their camps in the southeast region. That notion may have festered due to the absence of federal established and funded IDP camps even in the face of the dislocations arising from festering insecurity and ecological displacements. The attitude of the federal government overtime to issues affecting the zone may also have had a hand in sustaining that notion.

    All that have been dispelled by the chilling statistics reeled out by the Office of the Deputy Speaker in conjunction with Peace In South East Project (PISE-P). The reality of IDPs and their camps (no matter the shape they take) in the region is no longer in doubt.

    What should be of utmost concern is how to galvanise and pull efforts by governments at all levels to provide humanitarian interventions and sustainable development solutions to the challenge. The humanitarian crisis in the southeast is real. It is not just a regional issue but a national challenge that requires collaborative action.

    The military operations in the zone, constant attacks and killings by the so-called unknown gunmen and violence often ascribed to the IPOB have all led to huge displacements and relocation of a host of communities fleeing to safety.  Many of the displaced persons are scattered in overcrowded villages considered relatively safer, make-shift camps, shanties and the state capitals.

    Due largely to the itinerant and mobile nature of people of the zone, the full weight of the displacements is not being properly felt by the authorities. But that does not in any way whittle down the enormity of the crisis as the displaced contend with the challenges of shelter, health risks, insecurity and overcrowding in host communities.

    Displacements as a result of insecurity and organised violence have equally taken a serious toll on the cultural practices of the people of the region. It is commonplace these days to see the Igbo organise traditional wedding ceremonies and bury their dead ones outside their ancestral homes due to insecurity. These are cultural practices hitherto considered abnormal by the people. Perhaps, the burial of a university professor from Orsu Local Government area of Imo State in his Owerri residence just two weeks ago reinforces the gravity of the displacements.

    The southeast is also home to devastating erosion that has over the years led to displacement of families from their ancestral lands with no hope of return. Communities and entire farmlands have been completely washed away. The major cluster of gully erosion sites are in the highland regions of Imo State: Ideato North and South, Orlu, Njaba and ihitte-Uboma. Gully sites in Anambra State are located in three sites in Nanka rated as the largest in Nigeria at 66 metres deep, 2,900 metres long and 349 metres wide according to American Journal of Geographic Information System.  Oko-Ekwulobia, UruOkpala-Ozubulu and Agulu-Ezechukwu erosion sites are some of the few to mention.

    Isuochi in Abia State, Udi in Enugu State and others in Ebonyi add up to the 2,800 active erosion sites recorded by the World Igbo Environmental Foundation (WIEF) in the zone. A breakdown of this figure shows Anambra has 1000 active erosion sites, Imo 300, Abia 500, Enugu 500 and Ebonyi 500.

    When these sites are aggregated, the enormity of the risk faced by the zone consequent of erosion menace becomes very frightening. That is why the recent intervention by Kalu comes in handy. No doubt, a lot of effort was put into documenting IDPs and their camps as well as the mortal threat of erosion in the zone.

    These figures highlight the utter neglect of the humanitarian and ecological challenges plaguing the southeast region. The focus on the peculiar security and ecological challenges of the southeast is a patriotic and worthwhile effort that deserves commendation. The challenge has been identified thus softening the ground for its solution. What remains is for the various levels of government in collaboration with NGOs to take up the initiative.

    The National Policy on IDPs provides for assistance and protection of affected persons in the areas of food security, sanitation, hygiene, shelter, health services and non-food items. Curiously, there have been no efforts by the federal government working alone or in conjunction with the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) to tackle the humanitarian challenges of the southeast region.

    At the end of 2023, data put together by the UNHCR said Nigeria had an estimated 3.3 million IDPs representing a slight improvement in the 2022 figure of 3.6 million. About half of this figure was generated from Borno State fraught with Boko Haram insurgency.

    The rest was made up by IDPs from other states in the northeast, northwest and north-central plagued by Boko Haram, banditry and the insurgency of the herdsmen. Data from the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM), a program that collects and analyses IDP data in Nigeria indicated that as at December 2023, the number of IDPs in Benue, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Nassarawa, Plateau, Sokoto and Zamfara states stood at 1,092,196 persons in 183,437 households.

    It is therefore not surprising that Nigeria is rated one of the 10 countries with the largest number of IDPs in the world. When the UNHCR figures are paired with the 268,000 IDPs of the southeast, the enormity of the challenge is better conjectured. The figures could even be higher given the difficulty in generating accurate and reliable data on these shores.

     The federal government maintains IDP camps in many of the northern states plagued by sundry violence and the Federal Capital Territory FCT. It also works with international NGOs as part of the humanitarian response to provide shelter, non-food items, blankets, cash assistance apart from supporting water sanitation, health and education as priority areas.

    But the same measure is yet to be extended to the southeast. Rather, our leaders opted to live in denial of the reality that the festering insecurity, violence and killings in the zone are bound to lead to displacement of persons in their numbers.

    Kalu pledged the commitment of his office to champion the legislative and policy frameworks that will address the issues most comprehensively. This gives hope. It is not just about immediate humanitarian support but sustainable strategies to restore peace, order and stability to affected communities.

    That is part of the durable solutions’ component of the National Policy on IDPs. It entails addressing and eliminating factors that accentuate the displacement of persons from their home such as insecurity, violence and ecological factors.

    With this achieved, issues of return, sustainable reintegration and resettlement can then progress in earnest. It is hoped the new reality presented by the existence of IDPs in the southeast region will henceforth be factored into federal government’s comprehensive policy response to the issue. This should ensure all sections of the country are carried along in evolving immediate and long term solutions to factors that incubate IDPs.

  • Misunderstood

    Misunderstood

    Not many are happy that the Port Harcourt Refinery is back on stream. Not all humans crave prosperity. It is an aspect of the human archetype. The Israelites clamoured for redemption from Pharoah’s gulag. When it happened, they idealised their oppressor saying, at least, they had regular meals. They did not appreciate Moses and their new berth of freedom and the manna that dropped free from heaven. It recalls what Shakespeare said of drooling servants: “How fine my master is.”

    Hence, when the NNPCL announced the rebirth of the refinery, the pushback was fierce. We were not supposed to be this fortunate. Mele Kyari should not have done this to them. Bola Tinubu should not have a reason to gloat. They are a culture of complaint. They wanted a reason for tears. Joy was not part of the bargain.

    For them fortune is not fortune, unless it comes from somebody other than President Tinubu, much less from Mele Kyari whose head they have been seeking with the machete of ritualists.

    Kyari is like Nostromo, the hero in Joseph Conrad’s masterpiece who was lying down in respite after a battle. A bird of prey hovered with menacing appetite, salivating for a meal of carcass. Nostromo saw the flapping creature, and he said, “I am not dead yet.” They want Kyari as a prey of their malice.

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    They did not like the video of the NNPCL chief in the PHR overall as he stood ramrod tall beside some labour partisans. He announced the first flushes of the engines, and the labour men chanted. It was a nightmare.

    They were not happy with Kyari for a number of reasons. They were not happy that on his watch, the NNPCL paid off the $2.4 billion debt with IOCs, and that proclaims the company has become debt-free. Putting NNPCL in the black is not what they want from him. They just want to paint him black. It did not make headlines. Yet, when the debts happened, they splashed the headlines and sullied talk shows on television.

    Nor are they happy that we now have moved to drilling 1.8m crude per barrel a day and 7.4 billion standard cubic feet per day in gas production. It passed the news as though it was bad omen. We are quick to remember when people err, but not to forgive. As Ghandi wrote, “the weak never forgive.” I had a dialogue with a top media fellow the other day over the crude uptick. Rather than celebrate it, he pointed out that why would you employ Tantita and Tompolo. I shot back that Tompolo, if not perfect, had led us to a milestone over and above those military men who had become stumbling stones. They love the stumbling stones, but not milestones.

    The PH Refinery has been long on the way. It was a hard journey. There were promises made and joys delayed. It is now known that sabotage played a role in  that journey, ambushes and derailments. Lately we learned that the last time it was to take off, gaskets blew. It turned out the folks at the refinery could not trust everyone in their midst, especially the security personnel.

    They had to deploy DSS officers for their eagle eyes and fealty. That was how they got to this point. Even in a matter that should help everyone, a few want us to fall. Now that we have it running, those who are not happy will have to live with the facts. After the PH rollout, I called another media topman who had written off the refineries. They argued furiously that Kyari was taking the nation on a merry-go-round. I said it would happen sooner than he expected. When it happened, I placed a gloating call to him.

    Many forget that you can only work as well as your boss allows you. Did Buhari begin the process to revamp the refinery? Of course. Was deadline sacrosanct? Of course not. But it was not Kyari’s fault. He operated according to the interest of his boss. Obasanjo may have been right to say Buhari was Baba-go-slow, but Obj was Baba-go-nowhere. He spent a golden $800 million on the refinery only to sell it off for nothing. It took a discerning “Umoru” to nullify it.

    Kyari is doing much because he is operating in an enabling environment. Even at that, it was on his watch that the NNPC instrumentalised the PIA? Was he not the one who engendered many gas infrastructure projects from Ohaji-Egbema to Oredo  to Kwale? Or the Gwagwalada Independent Power Plant, or GIPP now seen as a game changer for power? Is he not in the middle of the CNG project, an arduous undertaking that requires the buy-in of all?

    The refinery news is maybe hard to absorb. It is good news but good news can be bad news for those who want us to stagnate. T.S. Eliot wrote: “Humankind cannot bear very much reality.”

    Maybe they want an angel, and angels in human forms are an illusion. As poet Rilke noted, “an angel is terrible.” It is the same a certain set of critics expect of the President. They want him to be perfect so they can make him a fallible human. If they make you human, your genius may shine. Angels are no geniuses because only humans are. If you make your foes human, then you will bow to their geniuses and absorb their frailties are persons in flesh and blood. As essayist William Hazlitt wrote: “It is well that there is no one without a fault; for he would not have a friend in the world.”

    Kyari should remain human, if even his critics want him otherwise. That is perhaps why he is, perhaps, the misunderstood public servant today.

  • Poor ambassador

    Poor ambassador

    The other day in the summer at Denver, Colorado, I attended a renewable energy meeting. One of the attendees walked up to me, and probably recognized me from my time as a journalist in town, and confirmed with my accent and my clothing.

    “Are you not from Nigeria?” she asked.

    “Yes.

    “I love Nigerian music.”

    “Thank you. Which of the musicians?” I asked

    “Wizkid and Burna Boy,” she said with suppressed glee. “Whenever they are in town, our whole family attends their concerts.”

    I thought these two guys are better ambassadors of Nigeria than Davido, who calls himself an ambassador of the country but talks it down. He said Nigerian economy is in shambles. One, he does not know the meaning of the word. Online illiterates cheer him on. To be in shambles is to be in total disarray or disorder.

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    It is in disorder and he makes his big money here. It is in shambles, his father, as Reno Omokri noted, runs a $2 billion power company. It is in disorder and countries’ leaders visit us and receive the president to invest here. Top banks oversubscribed their share calls. Bonds fill to bursting. The refinery is back on stream. Many young men not born with a silver spoon like him are taking advantage of loan scheme for university education. Davido is no ambassador. He should learn, even when he wants to flay his country, from Winston Churchill: “When I am abroad, I always make it a rule never to criticize or attack the government of my own country. I make up for lost time when I come home. “

    I would want  him to  talk about the vanity of his dancing uncle and his governance of levity.

    Some have said even the president attacked the country from abroad during the Abacha regime. Abacha was a pariah regime and ran an autocracy.  We are in a democracy, just like Churchill’s England.

  • Misquoting Kukah

    Misquoting Kukah

    I got a call from Bishop Matthew Kukah, and I kind of knew why. So, I hailed him and called him “the great Bishop.”

    “Don’t call me great,” he retorted. He was not in a mood to return my humour.

    He said he was not happy with me because of a comment online over his assertion, as reported in some major news media, that President Bola Tinubu was not prepared for the job. He denied it flat. He said he didn’t say such a thing. He then remarked that I had his phone number and we spoke quite a few times and I should have called him to ascertain if what was reported was true. I then remarked that it was in major newspapers. If it was not true, he had all day to rebut, and he didn’t. So, I had to assume it was true.

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    I also argued that Wole Soyinka never brooked anyone who misquoted him or took his words out of context. Bishop Kukah said he was a busy man. I replied that he should not be too busy for his image. It was an important news story attached to his name. When he said he did not say so, I promptly apologised for the inconvenience with the advice that all he needed was a press statement denying it. I looked at the tape, where he was addressing an audience last week. The bishop was right. He said President Tinubu was prepared for the job, although he said most Nigerian presidents since 1999 were accidental and unprepared for the job. The news reporters got it wrong.

    It is a sad commentary on journalism. It is also a feature in the Tinubu era that some news organs tend to skew reports to put the president in a bad light. That is what happened. They collapsed him into a collage of accidental leaders. If reporters or their editors are looking to make great headlines, they should not sacrifice veracity for sensation. That is what happened. It took a phone call from Bishop Kukah to correct this. How many have the opportunity or privilege of a rebuttal. Even the Bishop did not know he had that power.

  • This North, ‘sef’

    This North, ‘sef’

    But for the fact that I don’t give awards to people, I would have decorated Governor Abdullahi Sule of Nasarawa State and his Niger State counterpart, Umar Bago, with garlands, over their words and deeds at the tail end of last month.

     Most northern leaders have been behaving as if they expect other Nigerians to carry their (North’s) load on their heads while holding theirs (other Nigerians) in the hand. That has been the dominant mentality in the north, but it is unsustainable. It is like the ‘ranka dede’ system upon which the north has been based. It is because it could not have lasted forever that we have banditry and terrorism almost all over the north today.

    I remember several years ago when I was at ‘The Punch’, we were always saying that this feudal system would blow over our faces someday. How can some people think that a system whereby some people would be eating sumptuous meals in mansions with all modern gadgets while others stay locked outside the gate doing ‘ranka dede’ and waiting for the crumbs from the tables of the super rich, would last forever? How? When they are not blind. They see all the affluence in the midst of poverty. Certainly, a time would come when those people would start asking questions as to whether some people have two heads for things to be so skewed against the poor and vulnerable.

    That future is here.

    There is no part of the country without its peculiar kinds of bad boys and girls. We have ‘area boys’ in Lagos and other parts of the south west; their variants exist in the South East and South south in varying degrees, with some masquerading as freedom fighters. We have castle rustlers, bandits, terrorists in the north. Of course we have other kinds of criminals including cultists, kidnappers, ritual killers, Yahoo Yahoo boys and girls, Yahoo Plus, armed robbers, pick pockets, etc. all over. But nothing near the kind of evil going on in the north.

    Nigeria has 18.3 million out-of-school (OOS) children. At 15 per cent, it is the highest in the world. Of the current 18.3 million, the north takes a chunk of over 15 million.

    The religious/cultural factor is the worst of the factors that have sustained the problematic ‘ancien regime’ that has been used to exploit the average northerner. People who are not profitably engaged would always find alternative jobs from the devil.

    And, as if what is already on ground is not bad enough, we now have terrorism becoming a booming enterprise. Just at a time we were feeling that Boko Haram was dying, another terror group that calls itself Lakurawa or Lukarawa sprang up. So, we have terrorism mutating. At Nigerians’ expense. Yet, they did not cause the problem that led to this huge numbers of OOS children that have now become thorns in the flesh of everybody. The northern elite has been encouraging the ‘talakawa’ to go into the fattening rooms to produce babies without a thought for how their needs, including their education, would be met.

    Meanwhile, the north collects huge sums from the national purse ostensibly to take care of its huge population but the political elite and, to some extent, their religious counterparts, pocketed substantial parts of this money which they spend on the education of their own children in choice schools abroad. Meanwhile, they encourage the children of the ‘talakawa’ to go to ill-equipped Quranic schools where equally ill-motivated instructors teach them God knows what, after which they go to the streets to beg for alms. For want of any meaningful job or vocation, they end up as terrorists.

    Imagine the trillions that we have had to cough up to fight terrorism in the north alone! This is good money that would have gone a long way to better our educational system, improve healthcare, construct and maintain roads, increase power supply as well as provide other social amenities.

    But what, specifically have governors Bago and Sule said or done differently to catch my attention? Good question.

    I have always said that there is no part of the country that is not blessed. When we say the north is educationally disadvantaged, I do ‘t know when that and the unjust privileges that go with it would end. The north has been perpetually disadvantaged since I was a child. It is still so now that I am getting old. What’s ‘gwan’? We always give this impression of a dry and barren North. It is not true. The northern leaders either  want to continue to exploit the rest of the country or they simply refused to put on their thinking caps when they make such statements because free money is available for all to spend.

    Not long ago, Governor Bago said when he took over last year: “The State IGR was hovering between N500 million and N700 million but, right now, we are hitting almost N10 billion.”

    Of course, the next question is “where did you get that from”? His answer: “Just by blocking the loopholes. We have migrated a lot of collection system, reporting system. And, there is transparency in our application. We have seen loopholes; even people who generate and consume, now; don’t generate and consume. They report through the system. It is just responsible governance that we have brought into practice. Secondly, with the agriculture initiatives, we are making money.”

    I read Bago’s interview in a national daily and I must confess he mesmerised me. I don’t know him from Adam but I can tell you the sky is the limit for his political career if he can walk his talk in that interview, at least, substantially. He is a man of ideas. He has clarity of expression and he seems sufficiently informed about where he wants his state to be in a few years of his tenure.

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    Then Sule who is also the chair of North Central Governors Forum. Hear him: “Just like it is a sin to continue to marry wives you cannot take care of; it is also a sin to continue producing children that you cannot take care of.”

    Sule continues: “Why is it that it is only here? I just got back from Saudi Arabia. I didn’t see many almajiri in Makkah, Madina, Jedda, or anywhere else. They are an Islamic nation. Yes. You mentioned that in Pakistan, they have out-of-school children, but their situation is entirely different. Why should Northern Nigeria continue to hold the entire nation at ransom when we know that it is our problem and we have to go out there and find a way to solve it?

    Many of the northern elites and remnants of the oligarchy there would not be happy about these frank statements from the two governors. But their positions are the future that we are going. If the oligarchy is sad; I can understand. Nobody is happy to lose freebies. But the kind of honeymoon they have been having with public funds must come to an end someday. The owners of the money must be allowed to partake reasonably from the common wealth.

    Yoruba people have a proverb that a child that is not trained (educated) will end up selling the house that those who were trained built (omo ta o ko lo ma gbe ile ti a ko ta).

    Many northern leaders have abandoned their towns because of the problems now being caused by those children they played yo-yo with the money they should have spent to educate them. Those children have permanently ensured that those who refused to train them too cannot rest or sleep with their two eyes closed. So, it is now a situation of the bird that perches on a tree; neither the bird nor the tree can rest.

    On a rather sarcastic note, these politicians who can no longer go to their towns come down south, particularly Lagos to add to the infrastructural pull and catch fun. Yet, when it is time to talk about raising what comes to Lagos from the Federation Account, they shoot it down.

    But that is by the way.

    I agree with northern leaders who always brag that the north can stand on its own. They are very correct. As a matter of fact, that is what Gov. Bago has proved with the miracle of his IGR. The only difference between Bago and those braggarts is that while they believe the north can stand alone, they are very quick to see every move to make them demonstrate that as an attempt to take crutches away from them.

    That is why I am disagreeing with Gov. Zulum when he said that he won’t be able to pay salaries if President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s tax reform bills scale through in the National Assembly. For me, this is not good enough. The whole essence of the reform is, first, to obey the first cardinal rule of taxation which is to return a chunk of the tax revenue to where it is generated. To bring in more people into the tax net as well as check multiple taxation, among others.

    Zulum, I must confess, is one of the governors I admire. I love the passionate ways he has been handling the various challenges besetting his state. His passion for education as exemplified in his construction works, especially school buildings that he is modernising, etc. A long time ago, I dedicated this column to him, in acknowledgement of his good works.

     I could not but marvel when he waded through knee-deep floods that swept through the state capital in September. Many of his colleagues would simply stay at what they consider a safe distance and point at any object of interest.

    I know the Zamfara State governor has a peculiar challenge given the havoc wreaked in the state by Boko Haram and other bandits and terrorists. But if the governor looks well to the ground, he would always find a redeeming feature that could translate to money for the state.

    It is high time northern state governments began to do more of looking inward rather than relying on money from the Niger Delta. This is not about Zulum alone. It was the same mentality that made some south west governors to refer to their states as ‘civil servants,’ states, whatever that means.

    Just as babies are bundles of joy, human resource is about the most-priced  of all resources. It is the one that gives them meaning, galvanise them and put them to productive use. The North has a surfeit of it. It should flaunt it. If it cannot do that in its raw form as it were now, it should work towards making it productive rather than keep asking other parts of the country to wait for it.

  • Israel, Hezbollah: shape of new war

    Israel, Hezbollah: shape of new war

    After last Wednesday’s truce between Israel and Hezbollah (euphemistically described as a truce between Israel and Lebanon), both sides to the conflict have claimed victory. It was reminiscent of the 2006 2nd Lebanon war between the two sides, with both also claiming victory, and the Israeli Winograd Commission describing it as a missed opportunity to disarm Hezbollah. Would this latest truce lead to a permanent cessation of hostilities, and perhaps, optimistically, a peace deal? Few on both sides think there is prospect of a peace deal anytime soon. The latest conflict lasted for about 13 months, triggered in the main by Iran’s prompting and the Gaza war. Hezbollah, apart from being one of the Middle East’s deadliest and probably the most equipped proxy militia of Iran, is an armed non-state actor as well as a political party in Lebanon founded after the 1st Lebanon war (1982) and the eviction of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO) from Lebanon.

    Stung by its failings in the 2006 war, and in view of the political ‘bloodletting’ that followed the war, Israel learnt its lessons and prepared far better for the next war which they knew was inevitable. After many skirmishes, that war finally came in September, accompanied by a lot of war razzmatazz starting with James Bond-type moves (explosions of thousands of rigged pagers and hundreds of walkie-talkies as well as targeted assassinations that eliminated nearly all Hezbollah leaders) and ending with incredible precision bombings that ignored and made nonsense of human shields. Hezbollah may have declared victory to buoy up the confidence of its supporters, but its fighters and Iran knew they were beaten this time. Who won or who lost, a debate that will continue perhaps long after the conflict, is, however, not as important as what the war foretells about the future of wars. Taken together with the war in Gaza against Hamas, this latest conflict effectively sounds the death knell for the role of human shields as a war tactic, regardless of the arguments and warrants of the International Criminal Court (ICC).

    Two major tactics describe the Hamas and Hezbollah wars against Israel: the deployment of a maze of tunnels as a war tool and use of human shield to limit or castrate attacking forces. Both failed in the ongoing war in Gaza and the Hezbollah conflict now circumscribed by a two-month ceasefire. Unlike previous wars in which Israel deployed general and conventional tactics in dealing with the conflicts, the Hamas and Hezbollah wars saw the deployment of new Israeli tactics of targeted eliminations. Top commanders of both Hamas and Hezbollah were eliminated in the opening days and weeks of the conflicts, including a significant number of the second layer of the militias’ leadership. Tunnels dug under civilian homes and health and educational institutions were breached or bombed regardless of collateral damage. The Israelis showed that tunnel warfare had limited efficacy in deterring the enemy. They also proved, notwithstanding ICC warrants, that human shields would not deter the deployment of massive ordnances. In both World War I and World War II, carpet bombings of civilian and military infrastructures were routine. But in the 21st century, the world has become more squeamish about civilian casualties, leading to many militias deploying human shields. In the years ahead and wars to come, neither tunnels nor human shields, nor any civilian infrastructure such as schools or hospitals, will deter military tactics or disproportionate use of firepower.

    Debates are already ongoing about whether Israel should have acceded to cessation of hostilities in the Hezbollah war, given its experience in 2006 when the militia was not disarmed and continued to menace Northern Israel. Opinions are divided down the middle. What is clear, and which Israel’s political and military leaders probably know, is that Hezbollah is so integrated into the Lebanese body politic that defeating them completely may be unrealistic. Continuous degrading of the militia’s fighting capability, and disconnecting them from Iranian influence and control may be a more sensible option. Until Iran took over the financing of Hezbollah, Syria used to be its paymaster and controller. By a combination of war of attrition with Israel and civil war triggered by the Arab Spring, Syria unburdened itself of Hezbollah almost the same way Qatar is unloading Hamas. There is, therefore, no conclusive indication that Israel might be throwing away a golden opportunity in dealing with and eliminating Hezbollah. The truce provides for the withdrawal of Hezbollah behind the 121km Blue (Litani River) Line, and the withdrawal of Israel Defence Forces (IDF) from southern Lebanon. If nothing endangers the tentative truce, the ceasefire could be turned into something more permanent. But as long as Hezbollah does not disarm, and given its influential role in the Lebanese parliament and politics, not to talk of the intransigence of Iran, it is hard to see peace being restored to Lebanon and northern Israel. Hezbollah may have been considerably weakened by Israeli attacks, but it remains to be seen whether that weakening is sufficient enough to strengthen the Lebanese Army to take control of the country’s armed forces, or position the parliament to impose control over the country’s politics.

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    In so many important and unprecedented ways for Israel, the Hamas and Hezbollah wars have shattered the illusions that tunnels and human shields were a foolproof way of resisting the enemy and even defeating it. Gradually, both Hamas and Hezbollah may be compelled to reexamine their military doctrines and repose more hope in political and diplomatic solutions to longstanding political impasse. If the world made only a token gesture of rising against what they presumed to be Israeli genocide against civilians, and the Middle East itself paid only lip service to the cause of Palestinians championed by Hamas and Hezbollah, any future or replica erection of human shields against an enemy, particularly in a war triggered by the weaker side, may prove nugatory.

  • Osun’s jinxed airport

    Osun’s jinxed airport

    There are dozens of unviable airports around the country. But that has not deterred Osun State governor Ademola Adeleke from proposing a new one to be sited in Ede, his hometown. It is new because the unfinished airport sited in Ido-Osun, on which about N20bn had been spent, according to some estimates, is alleged by the governor to lack enough space for runway and is also susceptible to adversarial wind. More space for runway could be sourced, argued the state government, but only at a princely sum. He didn’t say whether he would spend more securing more runway space than starting an airport all over again.

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    But, Mr Adeleke, more reticent than convincing on any subject, has hardly sustained any piece of argument beyond a few languid sentences since he assumed office about two years ago. He couldn’t care less, however, about taking the airport to his hometown. Nor could he be bothered about what is logical or not logical, or thrifty or prodigal. It’s the state’s money, after all; and in his quaint, carefree worldview, he prefers to be seen from the levity of the world of entertainment, particularly his dancing. His opponents insist he is nepotistic and insular in relocating the airport to Ede. Oh, give the man a break; does he know a different world and can he be what he is not? For a governor who said his pension and gratuity payment outstripped his last two predecessors and made him a performer, why raise eyebrows about his measurements and what scales he uses, metric or imperial?

  • Tax matters

    Tax matters

    Americans are frequently heard to equate death with taxes because as far as their expectations as Americans go, you must pay your taxes as surely as die at the appointed time. You even have to pay your taxes within a specified time frame. The consequences of not doing so are supposed to be so unpleasant as not to make the payment of tax very attractive. That holds true for most Americans but not for all Americans. This piece of knowledge we have been able to extract from the life and times of one Donald J. Trump who has managed to withhold his taxes for long periods and in the end paid derisory sums as tax. He has been able to do this with the connivance of his lawyers and accountants who by all accounts are as clever as a cartload of monkeys. That method will not work for the vast majority of Americans which is why it will not be discussed any further.

    I remember clearly my first encounter with the subject of tax. Not as you may have guessed from a lesson in Economics but as a topic in Religious Knowledge. Or, to quote the correct title, Christian Religious knowledge. As can be expected in a joint Anglican and Methodist owned secondary school which I attended, everyone who passed through the school in my time had to face the WAEC examiners in that subject and so, I did.

    In our study of the New Testament, we were informed that in the year when Quirinius was governor of Judea, the word went out from Caesar Augustus that each person be counted, each one in his own village. This is why a humble carpenter named Joseph loaded his pregnant  fiancée on a donkey which bore this heavy burden all the way from Nazareth where he lived and practiced his trade to Bethlehem on account of having descended from the house and lineage of David. How that story ended is known to everyone and is therefore not worth telling here. It is at this point that we have to veer off into the jungle of taxation.

    The census of Quirinius has been placed around the year 6BC, which means that it took place some two thousand and thirty years ago at a time when the nascent Roman empire was undergoing rapid expansion under Caesar Augustus. This demanded a great deal of money which was squeezed out of the conquered peoples who had just been brought under the umbrella of Pax Romana, which guarantee was provided by the sharp spears and sturdy shields of superbly trained Roman soldiers.

    Taxes are paid by living people and the rulers of the Roman empire were determined to collect the taxes from everyone living within their far flung empire hence the decree that everyone reported in their ancestral homes. There to be counted, meticulously no doubt, and be added to the tax roll. These taxes collected was the money used in providing equipment for the army and the building of those excellent roads along which the army moved swiftly whenever and wherever their intervention was required. It has to be pointed out that the army at that point was not only needed for the upkeep of empire, it was also to be made available for the expansion of empire so that even more taxes could be collected from newly conquered territories. Apart from the expenditure on the army, there were other items of other public works including, for example, the provision of potable water which were of course taken care of by the taxes which were extorted from the subjects of the Emperor on his throne in far away Rome.

    The people of Judea, like most red blooded people everywhere loathed the payment of taxes. This is not just because it deprived them of their hard earned money but in their special case, because it also forced them to work to acquire Roman coins on which the head of the emperor was stamped. This went violently against the tenets of Judaism which forbade the handling of graven images. The combination of these and other circumstances within the principality precipitated extremely brutal revolts which were no less ferociously confronted by the Romans who were not averse to the large scale crucifixion of all those who were found guilty of tax evasion in the course of these revolts. The need for Joseph to be captured in that famous census was all about the payment of tax and it was as compulsive as death itself. I must confess that the connection between the circumstances surrounding the birth of Jesus was not emphasised in the lessons that we were exposed to in those days. I made that connection in later years by which time, I had become exposed to books other than the Bible for further instruction.

    Later, much later, many thousand miles from Judea across the Atlantic, there was another iconic response to the issue of taxation. Then, the altercation was between the settlers in the original thirteen colonies which made up the nascent United States of America and the English king, George III who by the way, was German. This time, nobody was being counted and the conflict was upon a point of principle. The thirteen colonies which acquired statehood existed under the shadows of Great Britain to which as it befitted a budding empire, taxes had to be paid and they were duly collected. The colonies were directly controlled by governors who were responsible to the king and this being the case, those from whom taxes were being collected were excluded from the process by which tax assessments were carried out. In time this became a sore point with the people who had to pay those obnoxious taxes. They voiced their dissatisfaction with this arrangement but rather than try to find ways of reducing tax burdens, they were increased. The situation quickly spiralled out of control and the colonised people decided that since they were not represented in the councils of power, then they should not be taxed. They took up the cry, no tax without representation and went into rebellion which after years of bitter fighting led to the birth of the USA. This, the foundation of the Republic was built on the issue of tax and since they had no king or a hereditary aristocracy, nobody could be exempted from paying taxes and the principle of joining life taxes to life itself became firmly established. An example will suffice.

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    One of the most powerful but certainly the most colourful gangster in the USA in the turbulent Prohibition era was Al Capone, a ruthless but bloodily successful killer with the blood of many men on his hands. It is thought but never proved to be responsible for the Valentine day massacre, so called because it took place on February fourteen 1929. On that day seven mobsters were shot to death in a Chicago garage by gunmen, two of who were dressed as policemen. The men in the garage who were members  of a rival gang, the head of which was the prime target were lined up against a wall and cut down in a hail of submachine gun bullets. The operation lasted only a few minutes after which the gunmen coolly emerged from the garage with their hands up followed by the fake policemen with drawn guns. Although the target of this mayhem fortuitously escaped the massacre, this was a brazen show of force which showed the perpetrator’s contempt for all the rules of civilised behaviour, a monster who had put himself above all laws, human and divine. Al Capone was conveniently hundreds of miles away from the scene of the crime but a great deal of objective evidence pointed to his instigation of the crime. Almost a hundred years later, this involvement, as his involvement in many other murders has not been proved and could not be proved. Al Capone lived above the law in every way except one; he could not live and at the same time not pay his taxes.

    Al Capone had led a life of crime virtually all his life. He was steeped in prostitution, robbery, gambling, bootlegging, protection racketeering, drug trafficking, not to talk of countless murders. Still, he could not be touched by the law because nothing could be proved against him. There was no doubt however that he had a stream of income as proved by the lavishness of his lifestyle. His belief was that since all his income was illegitimate, he did not have to pay any tax. The ground was cut from under him however when a judge ruled in a separate case that illegitimate income was also subject to tax. The most casual investigation showed that Al Capone had no tax returns for many years. He was promptly charged with tax evasion and sentenced to a long term imprisonment equivalent to the crucifixion he would have been subjected to under the harsh laws of the Roman empire. He paid the penalty for living and not paying tax and found out the hard way that the only two things you could not escape in life were death and taxes.

    The issue of taxes continue to loom large in the consciousness of Americans which is why it featured prominently in the manifestoes of both Harris and Trump leading up to the lately concluded elections. It might have done but it does not seem to have mattered to the electorate in the end. This is because the net takeaways from the two candidates are that under Harris tax paid by all income groups except those in the highest 1% earning group was to be reduced. For Trump on the other hand, tax was going to be increased on all earning groups except for those in the highest 5% group. In other words, taxes were to go up across board except for the richest people and corporations who could look forward to increased income and higher profits. The poor on the other hand had little to gain but higher taxes. And this in a country where the only things that you cannot dodge are death and taxes. Times have indeed changed from the days of Augustus when some people were ready to put their lives into the real danger of excruciating torture and death by refusing to pay their tax. At least now, people do not have to go on any journey to be registered because it is the business of the government to make sure that you are tracked every step of the way from cradle, wherever that cradle may be, until death when you are released from the burden of paying tax even though there is still the small matter of death duties.