Category: Online Special

  • Wild and weird

    Wild and weird

    It is the stark reality. Anal sex is on the rise in Nigeria.  JOKE KUJENYA, just back from a two-week interaction with a handful of people engaged in the act reports.

    In beauty, Anna Young (not real names), is an absolute bombshell. A real knockout. At 38, the lady who hails from Akwa Ibom, Uyo State, looks flawless and attractive with no wrinkles, bags or blemishes. “Sorry, don’t be deceived by my looks”, was her first comments to the reporter who, smiling, started the discourse by commending her beauty.

    “People tell me I am pretty, I look like an 18 year-old damsel; but I’m the ugliest woman on the inside if only it can be opened.”

    At a meeting which took place between the facilitator, the reporter and Anna, said to be battling with her tumultuous emotions said: “It is often better not to start something you don’t know where it is tilting or where it is going to end. Right now, I am in a war. And sadly, the war is having the upper hand. I was 27 when I first met the man (name withheld), who is now my husband. I attended a College of Education because my single-mother parent could not afford a university fee. And I was in my final year when we met. He told me upfront that I was the kind of wife material he had always wanted. At that time I was a virgin because my mother was very strict warning us her children that if any of us got pregnant out of wedlock, she would disown us. This fact, I therefore kept stressing to my fiancé, who after months into our relationship kept pestering me for sex. I even begged him to wait till we marry, since ours was meant for the altar. Then one day, he told me he had a way we could be enjoying sex without fear of pregnancy. I asked him which way and he said, he could only ‘show’ and not just tell me. So we began having anal sex and I was able to evade the scrutiny of the protestant church I attend because the result showed I was still a virgin.

    “That was the genesis of my eleven years of nightmarish marital and sexual life. After marriage, he wanted to continue, but I insisted that since we are legally married, our collective families would be looking forward to our having children of our own. He agreed and that is how we have had only one child till today. Even for me to get pregnant, he would interchangeably have regular and anal sex with me. And I have been begging my husband since then to quit the habit. Understandably, I was not able to call any of our families to come to our rescue, but he kept telling me that he enjoyed anal sex more than regular sex. In fact, each time during our ‘irregular intercourse,’ my husband acts like someone in ‘Cloud 9’. That is the way he describes it. But on my part, I am tired. I am always sad but pretend to be happy and that all is well, when I’m with people. And my husband is a terrible actor. He acts the best gentleman on the outside. But the worst part is, he does all these so that I would not be tempted to open up to anyone and to coerce me to be afraid of him. The wife of his friend is also in a similar ordeal as mine.”

    Seated in a corner and sobbing silently is a young teenager, Joanne, 18, who said: “I am afraid of losing my boyfriend. He said the only reason he would allow our relationship to continue is for me to agree to his ‘order’ that I have anal sex with him.”

    On the reverse however is Quenette, 35, who said, “I have been begging my husband to have anal sex with me and he has vehemently refused saying it is Sodomy. We are not your serious, serious Christian type. We go to church, yes, but so? She asked carelessly. I love my husband and he loves me, but yet, this is pulling us apart. I love anal sex. I used to have it with a boy back in high school, but he died some years after we left school. Now, my husband is not cooperating, saying he hates it and will never do it with me. Yet, I have very many friends who tell me how their husbands beg them to have anal sex, whereas it is they, the women who hate it. Even at that, it is different strokes for different folks, I am still hopeful that my husband would come to his senses and see that there is nothing wrong or odd in my request, especially when he too makes me do blowjobs on him to satisfy his sexual pleasure. Isn’t that one of the reasons we are a couple?” He asked the reporter.

    As far back as year 2011, Dr. Morenike T. Ukpong, Director, New Vaccine and Microbicide Advocacy Society (NHVMAS), a Lagos-based NGO, raised the awareness that not less than 12 percent of public secondary school students in Nigeria practice anal sex. She also alerted that about 12.1 percent of university students do same, while another 15.2 percent adolescents in northern Nigeria engage in the act.

    However, that information didn’t seem to register well in the psyche of Nigerians at the time. Ukpong noted that evidences show that about 14 percent of men and 10 percent of women in the general populace practised anal sex, and so, they avoid the use of condom due to erroneous belief that anal sex was safer than vagina sex. To those who engage in this act, the role of anal sex in driving the HIV epidemic away from Nigeria could no longer be ignored.”

    She added that amongst Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs), “Request for anal sex by clients of female sex workers rose with men paying higher to have anal sex for many reasons.”

    However, Ukpong cautioned back then that anal sex has 14 times higher risk form of sexual transmission of HIV infection when compared to penile-vagina sex. She said: “The probability of HIV infection transmission in penetrative anal sex is about 1.4 percent per sexual act, both in heterosexual and homosexual relationships. For women, the risk is highest as they will always be the receptor in either vagina or anal sex.”

    She then urged that there was the need to discuss more openly, the risk of anal sex in a way that talks around sex must become broader to encourage public understanding of the multiple forms of sexual practices vis-à-vis vagina, oral or anal, as well as the risk of HIV infection associated with all the forms of sex.

    Between 2011 and now, researcher say anal sex in the Nigerian population has blown up exponentially, yet, with no solid statistics to quote from.

    A leading non-governmental organisation expert, not willing to be quoted told this reporter that, “Top politicians practice it with young school girls; while some of their wives cry to us. It is also done among career people in corporate organisations, not to talk of universities, secondary schools and even among young people in primary schools. It is just that due to the ethics of our job, we cannot disclose their identities.”

    In a research conducted by NHVMAS, which Dr. Ukpong titled: Re-evaluating Values of Sexual Practices to Protect Rights on Minority Groups, it was revealed, among others, that “In Nigeria of today, anal sex has become acceptable among many people, for many reasons based on the individual choices people make. In addition, the data gathered shows that anal sex occur in both heterosexual and homosexual relationships, in adolescents, youths and adults; as well as becoming prominent in both rural and urban Nigeria.

    The research further shows that anal sex is practiced by heterosexuals and homosexuals alike; by gay men, multiple-sex-partners (MSM) and lesbians. It is practiced for pleasure and to prevention conception. And this is so because those doing it, especially the men believe that it is tighter, makes them to ejaculate faster while others see it as a route to prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Some on the other hand, see it as cleaner, as they assume that fewer people engage with this ‘hole’.

    The agency said their findings also revealed that not all gay men in Nigeria practice anal sex, especially as a study conducted in 2014 showed that about 97.2 percent of MSM practice anal sex. Yet, many lesbians in the country also practice anal sex. Additionally, NHVMAS said they also found that in public schools, still, 12percent of the students, another 12.1percent of university students and about 15.2percent in-school adolescents in Northern Nigeria practice anal sex  a situation the group described as scary. The research result also stated that about 19.7percent of women in Lagos State who are in stable heterosexual relationships equally engage in anal sex.

    “These days,” said Williams, 31, a young man who called himself a Commercial Sex Worker (CSW), “sex has become an open industry. Now, you hear and see people talk about sex boldly. They jest about it. Even musicians sing about it in their records and people dance to it with no need to feel ashamed. In fact, walking along a street, you will even see people, mostly men selling sex calendars or posters. I am sure you have also been to people’s homes and seen pasted on their wall, large sex posters. Now, my point is, we have been in denial for too long. But now, we better admit the stark reality. Most of my clients, most of them married and high class women, prefer me blow them and then do the ‘hole’ with them. They could go on for hours yelling their lives out.”

    Asked about the health implications, he said, “So far, we haven’t heard any serious health problems about this. But I can tell you that it helps massage our backs.”

    Omotola, 37, is also a sex worker. She said she went into it when life became too unbearable to cope with. “However, in my years in this job, I can tell you that most Nigerians enjoy high rate of infidelity. For them, infidelity is as old as polygamy; just like women are accused of the age-old trade of prostitution. But we love to pretend a lot. That is why we have lots of deception in our society, in which men that are not satisfied with their wives on the bed come to us for that wild sex they lack at home, while women go in search of their own gigolos. For most of us in this trade, we see a lot from time-to-time. And you’re talking about people regarded as high class in the society. However, the new rave amongst us is anal sex because we have been persuaded that it is safer than regular sex.”

    Ms Paulina, a health commentator, speaking on a national TV magazine show said: “Anal sex is not only a disgrace to the Nigerian society; it is also injurious to our African cultural values and norms. It should be totally discouraged in every way. And parents must take special caution to guard their children against such evil taboo.”

    In the words of Mrs Bukola Afolabi-Ogunyeye, Founder, Morna International Children’s Foundation (MICF),  a non-governmental organisation, “As regards adults, I don’t know how rampant it is. But I can tell you affirmatively that anal sex is now more rampant among teenagers. We found, in the course of our recent sex education talks in secondary schools, that some of the teens we talked with have been asking us if it is safe in order to avoid pregnancy. We kept telling them no, but they seem unsatisfied with our answer. And to blow your mind, teenage boys told us they now prefer it because for them, it is safer. That is the horrible questions we have been faced with. And for this reason, we are currently working on an event for street children under the ‘International Day for Street Children,’ to hold on April 12th to sensitise them on child abuse awareness month among others.”

    However, speaking through a representative, NHVMAS, Dr. Toyin Ukpong, said, people working with this special group are not permitted to be judgmental in regards to their chosen way of life. “We cannot commend or condemn them. It is a matter of individual choice.  However, “based on a study we conducted, we found that among 15 to 24 years’ of age resident young persons in Nigeria, 1.9percent of them reported anal sex mainly by males all in heterosexual relationships.

    “What this means is that there is need for more public dialogue about anal sex, so we can collectively break the taboo. There is a strong need to break the stereotype about anal sex, especially as the practice seems to have been limited to MSM sexual practices. As such, more public discussions should be hosted to arrest, if possible, the growing trend.”

    According to Ukpong, this is being advocated because facts about anal sex show that many people engage in it without condom due to the erroneous impression that it is safe. And this is borne out of erroneous media impression that discusses unsafe sex within the context of vaginal sex only.

    “So, there is need for sex to be discussed within the right context of practice, such as sex could be vaginal, anal or oral. A lot of people need the knowledge that any act of unprotected anal intercourse is 10 to 20 times more likely to lead to HIV transmission; that it has the highest risk for HIV transmission as research shows that about 91.1percent of anal sexual interaction in heterosexual relationships are unprotected; and as such could result in HIV transmission, compared to an act of unprotected vaginal intercourse. In fact, how many know that unprotected anal sex has other STIs like gonorrhoea, chlamydia, candidiasis, anal wart and the likes that can all be transmitted through the ‘hole’.

    “So, we are into all these because we need to discuss about anal sex, anal health and safe anal sex practices now, before we have an epidemic of multi-linked infections that may not be easy to combat.

    The NGO, which also disclosed that it has been actively engaged with its partners, International Rectal Microbide Advocates (IRMA, Nigeria, IRMA international), AVAC and Heartland Alliance, to increase awareness about anal sex, sex and sexuality issues with healthcare workers, CSO and policy makers, said while advocacy continues to provide change of focus help for these people, there is no need to deny what is already a growing practice in Nigeria and one that is already cutting across every facet of the society. Parents also need to be aware of what their children do at every point in time.”

    In beauty, Anna Young (not real names), is an absolute bombshell. A real knockout. At 38, the lady who hails from Akwa Ibom, Uyo State, looks flawless and attractive with no wrinkles, bags or blemishes. “Sorry, don’t be deceived by my looks”, was her first comments to the reporter who, smiling, started the discourse by commending her beauty.

    “People tell me I am pretty, I look like an 18 year-old damsel; but I’m the ugliest woman on the inside if only it can be opened.”

    At a meeting which took place between the facilitator, the reporter and Anna, said to be battling with her tumultuous emotions said: “It is often better not to start something you don’t know where it is tilting or where it is going to end. Right now, I am in a war. And sadly, the war is having the upper hand. I was 27 when I first met the man (name withheld), who is now my husband. I attended a College of Education because my single-mother parent could not afford a university fee. And I was in my final year when we met. He told me upfront that I was the kind of wife material he had always wanted. At that time I was a virgin because my mother was very strict warning us her children that if any of us got pregnant out of wedlock, she would disown us. This fact, I therefore kept stressing to my fiancé, who after months into our relationship kept pestering me for sex. I even begged him to wait till we marry, since ours was meant for the altar. Then one day, he told me he had a way we could be enjoying sex without fear of pregnancy. I asked him which way and he said, he could only ‘show’ and not just tell me. So we began having anal sex and I was able to evade the scrutiny of the protestant church I attend because the result showed I was still a virgin.

    “That was the genesis of my eleven years of nightmarish marital and sexual life. After marriage, he wanted to continue, but I insisted that since we are legally married, our collective families would be looking forward to our having children of our own. He agreed and that is how we have had only one child till today. Even for me to get pregnant, he would interchangeably have regular and anal sex with me. And I have been begging my husband since then to quit the habit. Understandably, I was not able to call any of our families to come to our rescue, but he kept telling me that he enjoyed anal sex more than regular sex. In fact, each time during our ‘irregular intercourse,’ my husband acts like someone in ‘Cloud 9’. That is the way he describes it. But on my part, I am tired. I am always sad but pretend to be happy and that all is well, when I’m with people. And my husband is a terrible actor. He acts the best gentleman on the outside. But the worst part is, he does all these so that I would not be tempted to open up to anyone and to coerce me to be afraid of him. The wife of his friend is also in a similar ordeal as mine.”

    Seated in a corner and sobbing silently is a young teenager, Joanne, 18, who said: “I am afraid of losing my boyfriend. He said the only reason he would allow our relationship to continue is for me to agree to his ‘order’ that I have anal sex with him.”

    On the reverse however is Quenette, 35, who said, “I have been begging my husband to have anal sex with me and he has vehemently refused saying it is Sodomy. We are not your serious, serious Christian type. We go to church, yes, but so? She asked carelessly. I love my husband and he loves me, but yet, this is pulling us apart. I love anal sex. I used to have it with a boy back in high school, but he died some years after we left school. Now, my husband is not cooperating, saying he hates it and will never do it with me. Yet, I have very many friends who tell me how their husbands beg them to have anal sex, whereas it is they, the women who hate it. Even at that, it is different strokes for different folks, I am still hopeful that my husband would come to his senses and see that there is nothing wrong or odd in my request, especially when he too makes me do blowjobs on him to satisfy his sexual pleasure. Isn’t that one of the reasons we are a couple?” He asked the reporter.

    As far back as year 2011, Dr. Morenike T. Ukpong, Director, New Vaccine and Microbicide Advocacy Society (NHVMAS), a Lagos-based NGO, raised the awareness that not less than 12 percent of public secondary school students in Nigeria practice anal sex. She also alerted that about 12.1 percent of university students do same, while another 15.2 percent adolescents in northern Nigeria engage in the act.

    However, that information didn’t seem to register well in the psyche of Nigerians at the time. Ukpong noted that evidences show that about 14 percent of men and 10 percent of women in the general populace practised anal sex, and so, they avoid the use of condom due to erroneous belief that anal sex was safer than vagina sex. To those who engage in this act, the role of anal sex in driving the HIV epidemic away from Nigeria could no longer be ignored.”

    She added that amongst Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs), “Request for anal sex by clients of female sex workers rose with men paying higher to have anal sex for many reasons.”

    However, Ukpong cautioned back then that anal sex has 14 times higher risk form of sexual transmission of HIV infection when compared to penile-vagina sex. She said: “The probability of HIV infection transmission in penetrative anal sex is about 1.4 percent per sexual act, both in heterosexual and homosexual relationships. For women, the risk is highest as they will always be the receptor in either vagina or anal sex.”

    She then urged that there was the need to discuss more openly, the risk of anal sex in a way that talks around sex must become broader to encourage public understanding of the multiple forms of sexual practices vis-à-vis vagina, oral or anal, as well as the risk of HIV infection associated with all the forms of sex.

    Between 2011 and now, researcher say anal sex in the Nigerian population has blown up exponentially, yet, with no solid statistics to quote from.

    A leading non-governmental organisation expert, not willing to be quoted told this reporter that, “Top politicians practice it with young school girls; while some of their wives cry to us. It is also done among career people in corporate organisations, not to talk of universities, secondary schools and even among young people in primary schools. It is just that due to the ethics of our job, we cannot disclose their identities.”

    In a research conducted by NHVMAS, which Dr. Ukpong titled: Re-evaluating Values of Sexual Practices to Protect Rights on Minority Groups, it was revealed, among others, that “In Nigeria of today, anal sex has become acceptable among many people, for many reasons based on the individual choices people make. In addition, the data gathered shows that anal sex occur in both heterosexual and homosexual relationships, in adolescents, youths and adults; as well as becoming prominent in both rural and urban Nigeria.

    The research further shows that anal sex is practiced by heterosexuals and homosexuals alike; by gay men, multiple-sex-partners (MSM) and lesbians. It is practiced for pleasure and to prevention conception. And this is so because those doing it, especially the men believe that it is tighter, makes them to ejaculate faster while others see it as a route to prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Some on the other hand, see it as cleaner, as they assume that fewer people engage with this ‘hole’.

    The agency said their findings also revealed that not all gay men in Nigeria practice anal sex, especially as a study conducted in 2014 showed that about 97.2 percent of MSM practice anal sex. Yet, many lesbians in the country also practice anal sex. Additionally, NHVMAS said they also found that in public schools, still, 12percent of the students, another 12.1percent of university students and about 15.2percent in-school adolescents in Northern Nigeria practice anal sex  a situation the group described as scary. The research result also stated that about 19.7percent of women in Lagos State who are in stable heterosexual relationships equally engage in anal sex.

    “These days,” said Williams, 31, a young man who called himself a Commercial Sex Worker (CSW), “sex has become an open industry. Now, you hear and see people talk about sex boldly. They jest about it. Even musicians sing about it in their records and people dance to it with no need to feel ashamed. In fact, walking along a street, you will even see people, mostly men selling sex calendars or posters. I am sure you have also been to people’s homes and seen pasted on their wall, large sex posters. Now, my point is, we have been in denial for too long. But now, we better admit the stark reality. Most of my clients, most of them married and high class women, prefer me blow them and then do the ‘hole’ with them. They could go on for hours yelling their lives out.”

    Asked about the health implications, he said, “So far, we haven’t heard any serious health problems about this. But I can tell you that it helps massage our backs.”

    Omotola, 37, is also a sex worker. She said she went into it when life became too unbearable to cope with. “However, in my years in this job, I can tell you that most Nigerians enjoy high rate of infidelity. For them, infidelity is as old as polygamy; just like women are accused of the age-old trade of prostitution. But we love to pretend a lot. That is why we have lots of deception in our society, in which men that are not satisfied with their wives on the bed come to us for that wild sex they lack at home, while women go in search of their own gigolos. For most of us in this trade, we see a lot from time-to-time. And you’re talking about people regarded as high class in the society. However, the new rave amongst us is anal sex because we have been persuaded that it is safer than regular sex.”

    Ms Paulina, a health commentator, speaking on a national TV magazine show said: “Anal sex is not only a disgrace to the Nigerian society; it is also injurious to our African cultural values and norms. It should be totally discouraged in every way. And parents must take special caution to guard their children against such evil taboo.”

    In the words of Mrs Bukola Afolabi-Ogunyeye, Founder, Morna International Children’s Foundation (MICF),  a non-governmental organisation, “As regards adults, I don’t know how rampant it is. But I can tell you affirmatively that anal sex is now more rampant among teenagers. We found, in the course of our recent sex education talks in secondary schools, that some of the teens we talked with have been asking us if it is safe in order to avoid pregnancy. We kept telling them no, but they seem unsatisfied with our answer. And to blow your mind, teenage boys told us they now prefer it because for them, it is safer. That is the horrible questions we have been faced with. And for this reason, we are currently working on an event for street children under the ‘International Day for Street Children,’ to hold on April 12th to sensitise them on child abuse awareness month among others.”

    However, speaking through a representative, NHVMAS, Dr. Toyin Ukpong, said, people working with this special group are not permitted to be judgmental in regards to their chosen way of life. “We cannot commend or condemn them. It is a matter of individual choice.  However, “based on a study we conducted, we found that among 15 to 24 years’ of age resident young persons in Nigeria, 1.9percent of them reported anal sex mainly by males all in heterosexual relationships.

    “What this means is that there is need for more public dialogue about anal sex, so we can collectively break the taboo. There is a strong need to break the stereotype about anal sex, especially as the practice seems to have been limited to MSM sexual practices. As such, more public discussions should be hosted to arrest, if possible, the growing trend.”

    According to Ukpong, this is being advocated because facts about anal sex show that many people engage in it without condom due to the erroneous impression that it is safe. And this is borne out of erroneous media impression that discusses unsafe sex within the context of vaginal sex only.

    “So, there is need for sex to be discussed within the right context of practice, such as sex could be vaginal, anal or oral. A lot of people need the knowledge that any act of unprotected anal intercourse is 10 to 20 times more likely to lead to HIV transmission; that it has the highest risk for HIV transmission as research shows that about 91.1percent of anal sexual interaction in heterosexual relationships are unprotected; and as such could result in HIV transmission, compared to an act of unprotected vaginal intercourse. In fact, how many know that unprotected anal sex has other STIs like gonorrhoea, chlamydia, candidiasis, anal wart and the likes that can all be transmitted through the ‘hole’.

    “So, we are into all these because we need to discuss about anal sex, anal health and safe anal sex practices now, before we have an epidemic of multi-linked infections that may not be easy to combat.

    The NGO, which also disclosed that it has been actively engaged with its partners, International Rectal Microbide Advocates (IRMA, Nigeria, IRMA international), AVAC and Heartland Alliance, to increase awareness about anal sex, sex and sexuality issues with healthcare workers, CSO and policy makers, said while advocacy continues to provide change of focus help for these people, there is no need to deny what is already a growing practice in Nigeria and one that is already cutting across every facet of the society. Parents also need to be aware of what their children do at every point in time.”

    In beauty, Anna Young (not real names), is an absolute bombshell. A real knockout. At 38, the lady who hails from Akwa Ibom, Uyo State, looks flawless and attractive with no wrinkles, bags or blemishes. “Sorry, don’t be deceived by my looks”, was her first comments to the reporter who, smiling, started the discourse by commending her beauty.

    “People tell me I am pretty, I look like an 18 year-old damsel; but I’m the ugliest woman on the inside if only it can be opened.”

    At a meeting which took place between the facilitator, the reporter and Anna, said to be battling with her tumultuous emotions said: “It is often better not to start something you don’t know where it is tilting or where it is going to end. Right now, I am in a war. And sadly, the war is having the upper hand. I was 27 when I first met the man (name withheld), who is now my husband. I attended a College of Education because my single-mother parent could not afford a university fee. And I was in my final year when we met. He told me upfront that I was the kind of wife material he had always wanted. At that time I was a virgin because my mother was very strict warning us her children that if any of us got pregnant out of wedlock, she would disown us. This fact, I therefore kept stressing to my fiancé, who after months into our relationship kept pestering me for sex. I even begged him to wait till we marry, since ours was meant for the altar. Then one day, he told me he had a way we could be enjoying sex without fear of pregnancy. I asked him which way and he said, he could only ‘show’ and not just tell me. So we began having anal sex and I was able to evade the scrutiny of the protestant church I attend because the result showed I was still a virgin.

    “That was the genesis of my eleven years of nightmarish marital and sexual life. After marriage, he wanted to continue, but I insisted that since we are legally married, our collective families would be looking forward to our having children of our own. He agreed and that is how we have had only one child till today. Even for me to get pregnant, he would interchangeably have regular and anal sex with me. And I have been begging my husband since then to quit the habit. Understandably, I was not able to call any of our families to come to our rescue, but he kept telling me that he enjoyed anal sex more than regular sex. In fact, each time during our ‘irregular intercourse,’ my husband acts like someone in ‘Cloud 9’. That is the way he describes it. But on my part, I am tired. I am always sad but pretend to be happy and that all is well, when I’m with people. And my husband is a terrible actor. He acts the best gentleman on the outside. But the worst part is, he does all these so that I would not be tempted to open up to anyone and to coerce me to be afraid of him. The wife of his friend is also in a similar ordeal as mine.”

    Seated in a corner and sobbing silently is a young teenager, Joanne, 18, who said: “I am afraid of losing my boyfriend. He said the only reason he would allow our relationship to continue is for me to agree to his ‘order’ that I have anal sex with him.”

    On the reverse however is Quenette, 35, who said, “I have been begging my husband to have anal sex with me and he has vehemently refused saying it is Sodomy. We are not your serious, serious Christian type. We go to church, yes, but so? She asked carelessly. I love my husband and he loves me, but yet, this is pulling us apart. I love anal sex. I used to have it with a boy back in high school, but he died some years after we left school. Now, my husband is not cooperating, saying he hates it and will never do it with me. Yet, I have very many friends who tell me how their husbands beg them to have anal sex, whereas it is they, the women who hate it. Even at that, it is different strokes for different folks, I am still hopeful that my husband would come to his senses and see that there is nothing wrong or odd in my request, especially when he too makes me do blowjobs on him to satisfy his sexual pleasure. Isn’t that one of the reasons we are a couple?” He asked the reporter.

    As far back as year 2011, Dr. Morenike T. Ukpong, Director, New Vaccine and Microbicide Advocacy Society (NHVMAS), a Lagos-based NGO, raised the awareness that not less than 12 percent of public secondary school students in Nigeria practice anal sex. She also alerted that about 12.1 percent of university students do same, while another 15.2 percent adolescents in northern Nigeria engage in the act.

    However, that information didn’t seem to register well in the psyche of Nigerians at the time. Ukpong noted that evidences show that about 14 percent of men and 10 percent of women in the general populace practised anal sex, and so, they avoid the use of condom due to erroneous belief that anal sex was safer than vagina sex. To those who engage in this act, the role of anal sex in driving the HIV epidemic away from Nigeria could no longer be ignored.”

    She added that amongst Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs), “Request for anal sex by clients of female sex workers rose with men paying higher to have anal sex for many reasons.”

    However, Ukpong cautioned back then that anal sex has 14 times higher risk form of sexual transmission of HIV infection when compared to penile-vagina sex. She said: “The probability of HIV infection transmission in penetrative anal sex is about 1.4 percent per sexual act, both in heterosexual and homosexual relationships. For women, the risk is highest as they will always be the receptor in either vagina or anal sex.”

    She then urged that there was the need to discuss more openly, the risk of anal sex in a way that talks around sex must become broader to encourage public understanding of the multiple forms of sexual practices vis-à-vis vagina, oral or anal, as well as the risk of HIV infection associated with all the forms of sex.

    Between 2011 and now, researcher say anal sex in the Nigerian population has blown up exponentially, yet, with no solid statistics to quote from.

    A leading non-governmental organisation expert, not willing to be quoted told this reporter that, “Top politicians practice it with young school girls; while some of their wives cry to us. It is also done among career people in corporate organisations, not to talk of universities, secondary schools and even among young people in primary schools. It is just that due to the ethics of our job, we cannot disclose their identities.”

    In a research conducted by NHVMAS, which Dr. Ukpong titled: Re-evaluating Values of Sexual Practices to Protect Rights on Minority Groups, it was revealed, among others, that “In Nigeria of today, anal sex has become acceptable among many people, for many reasons based on the individual choices people make. In addition, the data gathered shows that anal sex occur in both heterosexual and homosexual relationships, in adolescents, youths and adults; as well as becoming prominent in both rural and urban Nigeria.

    The research further shows that anal sex is practiced by heterosexuals and homosexuals alike; by gay men, multiple-sex-partners (MSM) and lesbians. It is practiced for pleasure and to prevention conception. And this is so because those doing it, especially the men believe that it is tighter, makes them to ejaculate faster while others see it as a route to prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Some on the other hand, see it as cleaner, as they assume that fewer people engage with this ‘hole’.

    The agency said their findings also revealed that not all gay men in Nigeria practice anal sex, especially as a study conducted in 2014 showed that about 97.2 percent of MSM practice anal sex. Yet, many lesbians in the country also practice anal sex. Additionally, NHVMAS said they also found that in public schools, still, 12percent of the students, another 12.1percent of university students and about 15.2percent in-school adolescents in Northern Nigeria practice anal sex  a situation the group described as scary. The research result also stated that about 19.7percent of women in Lagos State who are in stable heterosexual relationships equally engage in anal sex.

    “These days,” said Williams, 31, a young man who called himself a Commercial Sex Worker (CSW), “sex has become an open industry. Now, you hear and see people talk about sex boldly. They jest about it. Even musicians sing about it in their records and people dance to it with no need to feel ashamed. In fact, walking along a street, you will even see people, mostly men selling sex calendars or posters. I am sure you have also been to people’s homes and seen pasted on their wall, large sex posters. Now, my point is, we have been in denial for too long. But now, we better admit the stark reality. Most of my clients, most of them married and high class women, prefer me blow them and then do the ‘hole’ with them. They could go on for hours yelling their lives out.”

    Asked about the health implications, he said, “So far, we haven’t heard any serious health problems about this. But I can tell you that it helps massage our backs.”

    Omotola, 37, is also a sex worker. She said she went into it when life became too unbearable to cope with. “However, in my years in this job, I can tell you that most Nigerians enjoy high rate of infidelity. For them, infidelity is as old as polygamy; just like women are accused of the age-old trade of prostitution. But we love to pretend a lot. That is why we have lots of deception in our society, in which men that are not satisfied with their wives on the bed come to us for that wild sex they lack at home, while women go in search of their own gigolos. For most of us in this trade, we see a lot from time-to-time. And you’re talking about people regarded as high class in the society. However, the new rave amongst us is anal sex because we have been persuaded that it is safer than regular sex.”

    Ms Paulina, a health commentator, speaking on a national TV magazine show said: “Anal sex is not only a disgrace to the Nigerian society; it is also injurious to our African cultural values and norms. It should be totally discouraged in every way. And parents must take special caution to guard their children against such evil taboo.”

    In the words of Mrs Bukola Afolabi-Ogunyeye, Founder, Morna International Children’s Foundation (MICF),  a non-governmental organisation, “As regards adults, I don’t know how rampant it is. But I can tell you affirmatively that anal sex is now more rampant among teenagers. We found, in the course of our recent sex education talks in secondary schools, that some of the teens we talked with have been asking us if it is safe in order to avoid pregnancy. We kept telling them no, but they seem unsatisfied with our answer. And to blow your mind, teenage boys told us they now prefer it because for them, it is safer. That is the horrible questions we have been faced with. And for this reason, we are currently working on an event for street children under the ‘International Day for Street Children,’ to hold on April 12th to sensitise them on child abuse awareness month among others.”

    However, speaking through a representative, NHVMAS, Dr. Toyin Ukpong, said, people working with this special group are not permitted to be judgmental in regards to their chosen way of life. “We cannot commend or condemn them. It is a matter of individual choice.  However, “based on a study we conducted, we found that among 15 to 24 years’ of age resident young persons in Nigeria, 1.9percent of them reported anal sex mainly by males all in heterosexual relationships.

    “What this means is that there is need for more public dialogue about anal sex, so we can collectively break the taboo. There is a strong need to break the stereotype about anal sex, especially as the practice seems to have been limited to MSM sexual practices. As such, more public discussions should be hosted to arrest, if possible, the growing trend.”

    According to Ukpong, this is being advocated because facts about anal sex show that many people engage in it without condom due to the erroneous impression that it is safe. And this is borne out of erroneous media impression that discusses unsafe sex within the context of vaginal sex only.

    “So, there is need for sex to be discussed within the right context of practice, such as sex could be vaginal, anal or oral. A lot of people need the knowledge that any act of unprotected anal intercourse is 10 to 20 times more likely to lead to HIV transmission; that it has the highest risk for HIV transmission as research shows that about 91.1percent of anal sexual interaction in heterosexual relationships are unprotected; and as such could result in HIV transmission, compared to an act of unprotected vaginal intercourse. In fact, how many know that unprotected anal sex has other STIs like gonorrhoea, chlamydia, candidiasis, anal wart and the likes that can all be transmitted through the ‘hole’.

    “So, we are into all these because we need to discuss about anal sex, anal health and safe anal sex practices now, before we have an epidemic of multi-linked infections that may not be easy to combat.

    The NGO, which also disclosed that it has been actively engaged with its partners, International Rectal Microbide Advocates (IRMA, Nigeria, IRMA international), AVAC and Heartland Alliance, to increase awareness about anal sex, sex and sexuality issues with healthcare workers, CSO and policy makers, said while advocacy continues to provide change of focus help for these people, there is no need to deny what is already a growing practice in Nigeria and one that is already cutting across every facet of the society. Parents also need to be aware of what their children do at every point in time.”

  • ‘I see humility as a  virtue’ – Olowo of Owo

    ‘I see humility as a virtue’ – Olowo of Owo

    Last Sunday the Olowo of Owo, Oba (Dr.) David Victor Folagbade Olateru Olagbegi III (CFR) celebrated the 16th anniversary of his coronation amidst pomp. Taiwo Abiodun, who was there, reports

    The activities started quietly for days and gradually reached a crescendo with people dancing and rejoicing despite the fact that it was not publicly announced. This year’s celebration was meant to be low key. Food and drinks were served to all the quarters in the community. Even the chiefs were not left out, as some of them also prepared food to entertain their guests and rejoice with the royal father, who has reigned peacefully over the ancient town for 16 years.

    According to Chief Olusesi Osenenpen, the week-long celebration was worth all the attention the people gave to it, given that “the town has been peaceful, progressive, while a lot of infrastructural development has taken place since the current Olowo ascended the throne of his fore-fathers. You feel the breeze of happiness when you are coming into the town; and there is love among us all.”

    The activities peaked and finally ended with a thanksgiving service at the Redeemed Church of God (Jesus Palace Parish) located in the Olowo’s palace.

    Church service

    The church was packed to capacity with visitors from far and near Owo and Ondo State, who had come to rejoice with the royal father. A good number of them, who could not find space in the church made do with space under canopies and followed the prayers and proceedings in the church through giant speakers strategically placed outside.

    Decked in sparkling white Yoruba apparel (agbada), with white shoes to match and the royal beads and beaded walking stick, further singling him out, the Olowo, Oba (Dr) David Victor Folagbade Olateru Olagbegi III (CFR) was seated in the front row beaming, and flanked by dignitaries. The late monarch of the town, Oba (Sir) Olateru Olagbegi II’s living Oloris were side attractions, as they sat gracefully in their ‘Aso ebi’, signifying their support for the royal father . The chiefs were also not left out, as a good number of them turned out in immaculate white apparels, an indication of the joy of the occasion.

    The Princes and Princess were also conspicuously present, to rejoice with the monarch and pray for peace and progress in the town.

    Naturally, songs of praises and choruses rend the air, as the officiating minister, Pastor Joshua Olujimi extolled the Oba’s humble qualities and recommended him for emulation.

    According to the pastor, “a king that reigned and his city at peace would not be forgotten.” He told the congregation that God feels exalted when He is praised, citing the biblical story of the 10 lepers, of which only one returned to thank Jesus.

    “What Baba (Olowo) is doing today is one of his secrets of his life. If you know how to thank Him, He will prolong your days.”

    He thus recommended that the congregation should borrow from the monarch.

    The pastor expressed his joy at seeing the monarch (Olowo) serving God, unlike his (Olujimi) late father who was also a monarch but did not know God. “My father was also a king. He was the Olu of Oke Igbo, he was the late Oba Daniel Adetunji Ogunjimi, and he reigned for many years. But he did not know God. It was when I became a Born Again that I changed my (surname) name from Ogunjimi to Olujimi. So, when I saw Kabiyesi (Olowo), it was like seeing my father; but my father did not know God and it pains me.” The preacher lamented.

    Olowo’s speech

    In response, the Olowo stood up, and with all humility thanked the congregation. “This year,” he began, “you will notice that there is nothing like invitation card at all. I only mentioned it (anniversary) to the Inner Council, and I thank God that despite the fact that you did not receive an invitation, you all came out here. May God honour you all.”

    He appealed to the congregation to embrace peace in the coming election and conduct themselves lawfully. He also thanked the pastors who came despite the short notice. Lastly, he thanked the Oloris, princes and princess and the Inner Council members of chiefs and high chiefs.

    After the church service, the oba was greeted by traditional drummers and praise singers, who sang his praises, showered him with panegyrics and literally sparked off a fanfare.

    A moment with the celebrator

    Asked why he observes thanks giving annually, the monarch declared that “there is only one God and it is not too much to thank Him for sitting on this throne. Thanksgiving is a way of appreciating God for His mercies, love and protection on us all. This year, we are marking it in low key. I appreciate Him and I give glory to Him at all times.”

    The royal father who said he did not joke with The Redemption Camp of The Redeemed Christian Church of God said “I don’t miss it .Yes, I go to the Camp monthly to worship God.”

    On why he removes his cap in the church, the monarch said “The Bible I have says you don’t wear your cap in the church. God is not a respecter of persons. We are all equal before God. Humility is a virtue. After service, I still put it on, but while in the church I honor and respect God who is all in all; the I am that I am. He is our saviour, the omnipotent, the omnipresent, omniscient and King of kings.”

    On what has changed in Owo since he assumed the throne, the monarch said with all humility that he does not need to blow his trumpet. “Things have changed. Change is a common thing in life, it’s for people to judge, it’s not for me to be telling you what has changed .The town is peaceful , that is something to appreciate God for; aside that, you can feel the pulse of the natives. “

    When asked to share his life experience so far, the monarch referred scholars, historians and those who want to learn, to read his autobiography, In the Wilderness of Life. “If you read that book, you will see what I have experienced in life and how God has been merciful. People are marking it in town .I’m not celebrating it for any reason but for God.” He said.

    Lending a few words for the Oba, Dr. Bolu Ogundowole, former Rector of Rufus Giwa Polytechnic and now Director of Studies at Achievers University, Owo, praised the Olowo for his consistency in the anniversary thanksgiving. He said ”Olowo of Owo is full of humility; he is worthy to be emulated. He is not only the community leader but a father, a good listener and a man who loves God. He is approachable and very understanding and ready to assist in any situation. Though he wanted the celebration to be low keyed, but people trooped out because he is loved.”

    The Olunaun of Unaun, Adewale Abegunde said “what I love the monarch for is his thoroughness in Owo history and culture. As he is celebrating, we are also celebrating with him. Since his reign, one could see beautiful and good things coming up in the town. More new generation banks have also sprang up. You can see that the youths are also more educated. He has brought the town’s glory back to where it should be. Now the roads have been tarred, and we also have the Federal Medical Centre.

    For Engr. Banjo Sule-Akinsuyi, “we are lucky to have an Oba who is outstanding, a colossus; a lover of his people and a peace lover and peace maker. He can be likened to the Biblical King David that sought after God’s heart. We should be grateful that we have such an Oba. Imagine his simplicity and humility, how many Obas have such?”

    Chief  Ogwatowose Tola, the Ogwamodu of Owo describes the occasion as great. “Kabiyesi has used his position to assist the needy in terms of seeking for jobs, and giving out money. We receive visitors daily and Kabiyesi will never turn anybody back. His service to humanity is unrivaled. Our prayer is for him is to live long and enjoy the fruit of his labour. He uses his Solomonic wisdom to rule the town.” Chief Ogwatowose said.

    Paying his own tribute, Chief Olusola Ogunleye Olubola said “despite the fact that this year’s programme was not announced many came from far and wide to rejoice and pray for the Olowo because of his selfless commitment to the town. He is a father to us all. We have lot of food prepared for everyone despite been a low key celebration.”

    Among those who attended the Programme are Engineer Tunde Okunrinboye, Professor Olawoye, Alhaji Abudu  Omoloja and a host of others.

    One of the guests who craved anonymity said the occasion would have been more elaborated but for the death of one of the High Chief’s wife who passed on during the week.

    One of the greatest sons of the town, Ilori Elerewe said he prepared for the celebration, despite that the kabiyesi meant it to be low key. I for one celebrate with him annually, for he has developed the town beyond expectation in less than 16 years. “Look at the picture of Owo some years ago and compare it with the present time. Now we are facilitating on how the Federal Medical Centre will be upgraded to a Teaching Hospital; some other things that will benefit the community also are coming up.” Elerewe hinted.

  • Drama as 107-yr-old man takes heartthrob, 95, to altar

    Drama as 107-yr-old man takes heartthrob, 95, to altar

    For 70 years, Elder Dikam Garba Dabo’ok and MrsKa’a Nafung had lived together as husband and wife. But the couple, now 107 and 95 years respectively, have found a new sparkle to rekindle their marital love in the church.

    The church ceremony in Plateau State, has remained the talk of the town in the social diary of the state and may remain so for a long time. This is particularly so because the celebrants are the first couple in the history of the state to be administered marital vow at such unusual ages.

    At 95, the bride is well past her menopause. Her surviving first child is 65 years old. The groom, popularly known to many in his neighbourhood as Baba Dikam, is 107 years old and may no longer be sexually active. But all that is not enough to discourage the couple from walking down the aisle arm-in-arm for a new marital oath.

    The ceremony, which was held at the Church of Christ in Nations (COCIN), Chizu village in Bwai, Mangu Local Government Area of the state, was a delight to watch as it was packaged in the manner that young grooms and brides would walk down the aisle. The groom was dressed in black suite and a red neck tie to match, while the bride stepped out dressed in a pure white wedding gown with a neatly made hair to match. They drove to the church in separate vehicles, as if they never met before. The groom was accompanied by cutely dressed men and the bride by a long bridal train.

    They had a procession and matched into the church separately as if they never met before. They only came together after they were wedded by the officiating pastor. The officiating pastor of the church, Rev. Tongwe Sale, congratulated the couple and admonished them as if they were young couples. He said: “Marriage is ordained by God and it should be kept sacred.” He charged them to keep faith in God since they are still alive, noting that although they are old, they can still be important in the lives of their children and grand children.

    Taking his message from Genesis 1:26-27, Rev. Elisha Pam spoke on the topic, “Marriage: Highly mysterious” and pointed out that when God created Adam, the woman was already in existence in the body of man, after which she was brought out in a mysterious way and Adam named her Eve. He noted that the grounds for a solid marriage are patience and obedience through Christ as he read Ephesians 5:21

    They happily took the oath that they would love themselves until death do them apart. They also vowed not to allow a third party in their marital life. They signed the marriage certificate after the service and marched out of the church dancing to the admiration of their guests.

    When they got outside the church auditorium, the newly wedded couple posed for photograph in various styles and angles. After the photograph session, they moved in a car and zoomed off to the reception ground accompanied by their guests, children, friends and family members.

    When it was time to cut the wedding cake, the couple walked hand in hand to where the colourful cake was placed. The groom continuously gazed at his wedding ring in a manner that suggests that the occasion was a dream come true for him. Like marksmen, they held the knife firmly and on completion of the spelling of Jesus, they cut the cake and feebly smiled at the guests. They trilled their guests with the ceremonial culture of couple feeding one another with the cake and non-alcoholic wine. After feeding themselves, the newly wedded couple danced to the music blasting from the loud speakers in “old school” style to the admiration of their guests.

    It was celebration galore at the reception for the family and friends of the couple. The couples told their excited guests at the reception their true life stories. They said it was the grace of God that allowed them to solemnise their marriage in the church.

    The groom narrated his life story thus: “I had seven wives and 32 children during my younger days, but I did so because I did not know Christ. But that made me great among my contemporaries as only those who were wealthy could do that. But in spite of that, God remained faithful and merciful for me. I have a lot of testimonies to show that God was so faithful to me. I am now in a better position to advise my children and my well wishers to live the life of Christ. I don’t want any of my children to emulate my past life style, because you may fall out of the grace and mercies of God. But I’m so pleased because my children are committed to Christ; they lived the life of Christ, they were the ones that insisted I must come to Christ and take their mother to the altar.

    “Before now we lived our lives outside Christ, but from today, we are now confirmed children of Christ. It would have been worse for us if we had died without Christ. But God has protected our lives up till this moment to come to Him.”

    One of the children of the couple, Barr. Zephaniah Garba was full of appreciation and praises to God when he spoke with our reporter. He said: “I am full of joy today because my father has come to profess Christ at his old age. I have been looking forward to this day and I thank God they were able to make it. I want to encourage those who did not conduct their marriage in Christian way to try and do so; it is never late. My father’s own should be an example to others, you can still do it”.

    There were goodwill messages from the Chairmen of PCC Kabwir, Rev. David Musa, and Langtang North LG Chairman elect, Hon. Daniel Dandul, while various dance groups added colour to the event as the couples cut their wedding cake.

  • How mobile apps, social media is integrating Africa

    How mobile apps, social media is integrating Africa

    As experts and enthusiasts gather at the 2015 Social Media Week Lagos, the unique role played by social media and user application in integrating African markets has been stressed.

    A statement from the organisers indicates Social Media Week (SMW) Mara master class with the hash tag #SMWMARA has provided yet another platform for users across Africa to be empowered.

    The statement reads; “Leading the discussions at the SMWMara masterclass tagged: Integrating Africa with Social Media and User Applications, Mara Online demonstrated how its user applications – Mara Mentor (a social application that connects young entrepreneurs to industry experts) and Mara Messenger (a uniquely African instant messaging app) – have been able to leverage social media to drive collaboration and information sharing amongst its over one million users across Africa.”

    Also speaking at the ongoing Social Media Week Lagos, Olamide Amosu, Mara Online’s Head Marketing and Communications said Mara has been able to drive integration in African markets through its first-of-its-kind entrepreneurship community Mara Mentor, which leverages on the ubiquity and proliferation of mobile devices in Africa.

    According to her, “Mara has empowered thousands of Africans across the continent by taking advantage of social media to spread discussions on the platform.  This has inspired collaborations between Africans in different locations and mentorship between young entrepreneurs and industry leaders while birthing new businesses and driving user acquisition to Mara Mentor.”

    Mara Online, which uses technology to drive innovation and integration on the continent, also challenged participants to create solutions that the world can borrow from, rather than reinvent what has been done in developed countries.

    According to Mara, the impact of its content strategy has seen traffic increase from social media to the Mara Mentor platform, which is a non-profit entrepreneurship focused community that links aspiring entrepreneurs to captains of industries, drawn from different sectors of the economy, who mentor young Africans.

    Speaking at the event, some of the business leaders on its entrepreneurship-focused social application Mara Mentor, were: Pade Durotoye (CEO, Oando Energy Resources), Niyi Yusuf (Country Managing Director, Accenture Nigeria), Mrs Onyeche Tifase (MD/CEO Siemens Limited – Nigeria), Anita Erskine (Founder, Brand Woman Africa), and Oreoluwa Somolu Lesi (Executive Director Women’s Technology Empowerment Centre), who reaffirmed the impact and potential of the mentorship and networking app by emphasising the need for young entrepreneurs to get mentored.

    According to the mentors, this unique mobile-friendly strategy is bridging the gap between experts and rookies, thus the impact is reengineering young African entrepreneurs with skills and capacity to create solutions to societal challenges in the 21st century.

    Currently, Mara has over one million users on the mobile platforms in Africa and is in partnership with public and private institutions across the continent as it strives to enable, empower and inspire a generation of African entrepreneurs.

  • Full text of Buhari’s speech @Chatham House

    Full text of Buhari’s speech @Chatham House

    Permit me to start by thanking Chatham House for the invitation to talk about this important topic at this crucial time. When speaking about Nigeria overseas, I normally prefer to be my country’s public relations and marketing officer, extolling her virtues and hoping to attract investments and tourists. But as we all know, Nigeria is now battling with many challenges, and if I refer to them, I do so only to impress on our friends in the United Kingdom that we are quite aware of our shortcomings and are doing our best to address them.

    The 2015 general election in Nigeria is generating a lot of interests within and outside the country. This is understandable. Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country and largest economy, is at a defining moment, a moment that has great implications beyond the democratic project and beyond the borders of my dear country.

    So let me say upfront that the global interest in Nigeria’s landmark election is not misplaced at all and indeed should be commended; for this is an election that has serious import for the world. I urge the international community to continue to focus on Nigeria at this very critical moment. Given increasing global linkages, it is in our collective interests that the postponed elections should hold on the rescheduled dates; that they should be free and fair; that their outcomes should be respected by all parties; and that any form of extension, under whichever guise, is unconstitutional and will not be tolerated.

    With the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, the dissolution of the USSR in 1991, the collapse of communism and the end of the Cold War, democracy became the dominant and most preferred system of government across the globe. That global transition has been aptly captured as the triumph of democracy and the ‘most pre-eminent political idea of our time.’ On a personal note, the phased end of the USSR was a turning point for me. It convinced me that change can be brought about without firing a single shot.

    As you all know, I had been a military head of state in Nigeria for twenty months. We intervened because we were unhappy with the state of affairs in our country. We wanted to arrest the drift. Driven by patriotism, influenced by the prevalence and popularity of such drastic measures all over Africa and elsewhere, we fought our way to power. But the global triumph of democracy has shown that another and a preferable path to change is possible. It is an important lesson I have carried with me since, and a lesson that is not lost on the African continent.

    In the last two decades, democracy has grown strong roots in Africa. Elections, once so rare, are now so commonplace. As at the time I was a military head of state between 1983 and 1985, only four African countries held regular multi-party elections. But the number of electoral democracies in Africa, according to Freedom House, jumped to 10 in 1992/1993 then to 18 in 1994/1995 and to 24 in 2005/2006. According to the New York Times, 42 of the 48 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa conducted multi-party elections between 1990 and 2002.

    The newspaper also reported that between 2000 and 2002, ruling parties in four African countries (Senegal, Mauritius, Ghana and Mali) peacefully handed over power to victorious opposition parties. In addition, the proportion of African countries categorized as not free by Freedom House declined from 59% in 1983 to 35% in 2003. Without doubt, Africa has been part of the current global wave of democratisation.

    But the growth of democracy on the continent has been uneven. According to Freedom House, the number of electoral democracies in Africa slipped from 24 in 2007/2008 to 19 in 2011/2012; while the percentage of countries categorised as ‘not free’ assuming for the sake of argument that we accept their definition of “free” increased from 35% in 2003 to 41% in 2013. Also, there have been some reversals at different times in Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Cote D’Ivoire, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Lesotho, Mali, Madagascar, Mauritania and Togo. We can choose to look at the glass of democracy in Africa as either half full or half empty.

    While you can’t have representative democracy without elections, it is equally important to look at the quality of the elections and to remember that mere elections do not democracy make. It is globally agreed that democracy is not an event, but a journey. And that the destination of that journey is democratic consolidation – that state where democracy has become so rooted and so routine and widely accepted by all actors.

    With this important destination in mind, it is clear that though many African countries now hold regular elections, very few of them have consolidated the practice of democracy. It is important to also state at this point that just as with elections, a consolidated democracy cannot be an end by itself. I will argue that it is not enough to hold a series of elections or even to peacefully alternate power among parties.

    It is much more important that the promise of democracy goes beyond just allowing people to freely choose their leaders. It is much more important that democracy should deliver on the promise of choice, of freedoms, of security of lives and property, of transparency and accountability, of rule of law, of good governance and of shared prosperity. It is very important that the promise embedded in the concept of democracy, the promise of a better life for the generality of the people, is not delivered in the breach.

    Now, let me quickly turn to Nigeria. As you all know, Nigeria’s fourth republic is in its 16th year and this general election will be the fifth in a row. This is a major sign of progress for us, given that our first republic lasted five years and three months, the second republic ended after four years and two months and the third republic was a still-birth. However, longevity is not the only reason why everyone is so interested in this election.

    The major difference this time around is that for the very first time since transition to civil rule in 1999, the ruling Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) is facing its stiffest opposition so far from our party the All Progressives Congress (APC). We once had about 50 political parties, but with no real competition. Now Nigeria is transitioning from a dominant party system to a competitive electoral polity, which is a major marker on the road to democratic consolidation. As you know, peaceful alternation of power through competitive elections have happened in Ghana, Senegal, Malawi and Mauritius in recent times. The prospects of democratic consolidation in Africa will be further brightened when that eventually happens in Nigeria.

    But there are other reasons why Nigerians and the whole world are intensely focussed on this year’s elections, chief of which is that the elections are holding in the shadow of huge security, economic and social uncertainties in Africa’s most populous country and largest economy. On insecurity, there is a genuine cause for worry, both within and outside Nigeria. Apart from the civil war era, at no other time in our history has Nigeria been this insecure.

    Boko Haram has sadly put Nigeria on the terrorism map, killing more than 13,000 of our nationals, displacing millions internally and externally, and at a time holding on to portions of our territory the size of Belgium. What has been consistently lacking is the required leadership in our battle against insurgency. I, as a retired general and a former head of state, have always known about our soldiers: they are capable, well trained, patriotic, brave and always ready to do their duty in the service of our country.

    You all can bear witness to the gallant role of our military in Burma, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Darfur and in many other peacekeeping operations in several parts of the world. But in the matter of this insurgency, our soldiers have neither received the necessary support nor the required incentives to tackle this problem. The government has also failed in any effort towards a multi-dimensional response to this problem leading to a situation in which we have now become dependent on our neighbours to come to our rescue.

    Let me assure you that if I am elected president, the world will have no cause to worry about Nigeria as it has had to recently; that Nigeria will return to its stabilising role in West Africa; and that no inch of Nigerian territory will ever be lost to the enemy because we will pay special attention to the welfare of our soldiers in and out of service, we will give them adequate and modern arms and ammunitions to work with, we will improve intelligence gathering and border controls to choke Boko Haram’s financial and equipment channels, we will be tough on terrorism and tough on its root causes by initiating a comprehensive economic development plan promoting infrastructural development, job creation, agriculture and industry in the affected areas. We will always act on time and not allow problems to irresponsibly fester, and I,

    Muhammadu Buhari, will always lead from the front and return Nigeria to its leadership role in regional and international efforts to combat terrorism.
    On the economy, the fall in prices of oil has brought our economic and social stress into full relief. After the rebasing exercise in April 2014, Nigeria overtook South Africa as Africa’s largest economy. Our GDP is now valued at $510 billion and our economy rated 26th in the world. Also on the bright side, inflation has been kept at single digit for a while and our economy has grown at an average of 7% for about a decade.

    But it is more of paper growth, a growth that, on account of mismanagement, profligacy and corruption, has not translated to human development or shared prosperity. A development economist once said three questions should be asked about a country’s development: one, what is happening to poverty? Two, what is happening to unemployment? And three, what is happening to inequality?

    The answers to these questions in Nigeria show that the current administration has created two economies in one country, a sorry tale of two nations: one economy for a few who have so much in their tiny island of prosperity; and the other economy for the many who have so little in their vast ocean of misery.

    Even by official figures, 33.1% of Nigerians live in extreme poverty. That’s at almost 60 million, almost the population of the United Kingdom. There is also the unemployment crisis simmering beneath the surface, ready to explode at the slightest stress, with officially 23.9% of our adult population and almost 60% of our youth unemployed. We also have one of the highest rates of inequalities in the world.

    With all these, it is not surprising that our performance on most governance and development indicators (like Mo Ibrahim Index on African Governance and UNDP’s Human Development Index.) are unflattering. With fall in the prices of oil, which accounts for more than 70% of government revenues, and lack of savings from more than a decade of oil boom, the poor will be disproportionately impacted.

    In the face of dwindling revenues, a good place to start the repositioning of Nigeria’s economy is to swiftly tackle two ills that have ballooned under the present administration: waste and corruption. And in doing this, I will, if elected, lead the way, with the force of personal example.

    On corruption, there will be no confusion as to where I stand. Corruption will have no place and the corrupt will not be appointed into my administration. First and foremost, we will plug the holes in the budgetary process. Revenue producing entities such as NNPC and Customs and Excise will have one set of books only. Their revenues will be publicly disclosed and regularly audited. The institutions of state dedicated to fighting corruption will be given independence and prosecutorial authority without political interference.

    But I must emphasise that any war waged on corruption should not be misconstrued as settling old scores or a witch-hunt. I’m running for President to lead Nigeria to prosperity and not adversity.

    In reforming the economy, we will use savings that arise from blocking these leakages and the proceeds recovered from corruption to fund our party’s social investments programmes in education, health, and safety nets such as free school meals for children, emergency public works for unemployed youth and pensions for the elderly.

    As a progressive party, we must reform our political economy to unleash the pent-up ingenuity and productivity of the Nigerian people thus freeing them from the curse of poverty. We will run a private sector-led economy but maintain an active role for government through strong regulatory oversight and deliberate interventions and incentives to diversify the base of our economy, strengthen productive sectors, improve the productive capacities of our people and create jobs for our teeming youths.

    In short, we will run a functional economy driven by a worldview that sees growth not as an end by itself, but as a tool to create a society that works for all, rich and poor alike. On March 28, Nigeria has a decision to make. To vote for the continuity of failure or to elect progressive change. I believe the people will choose wisely.

    In sum, I think that given its strategic importance, Nigeria can trigger a wave of democratic consolidation in Africa. But as a starting point we need to get this critical election right by ensuring that they go ahead, and depriving those who want to scuttle it the benefit of derailing our fledgling democracy. That way, we will all see democracy and democratic consolidation as tools for solving pressing problems in a sustainable way, not as ends in themselves.
    Prospects for Democratic Consolidation in Africa: Nigeria’s Transition

    Permit me to close this discussion on a personal note. I have heard and read references to me as a former dictator in many respected British newspapers including the well regarded Economist. Let me say without sounding defensive that dictatorship goes with military rule, though some might be less dictatorial than others. I take responsibility for whatever happened under my watch.

    I cannot change the past. But I can change the present and the future. So before you is a former military ruler and a converted democrat who is ready to operate under democratic norms and is subjecting himself to the rigours of democratic elections for the fourth time.

    You may ask: why is he doing this? This is a question I ask myself all the time too. And here is my humble answer: because the work of making Nigeria great is not yet done, because I still believe that change is possible, this time through the ballot, and most importantly, because I still have the capacity and the passion to dream and work for a Nigeria that will be respected again in the comity of nations and that all Nigerians will be proud of.

    I thank you for listening.

     

  • Full text of Charles Soludo’s article on missing N30trn

    Full text of Charles Soludo’s article on missing N30trn

    My attention has been drawn this morning to an article entitled: “Jonathan Replies Soludo over “missing N30 trillion” claim”— extracting from Mr. President’s interview as published by Thisday newspaper.

    ThisDay quoted Mr. President as saying that “Soludo said that under Ngozi’s watch they stole N30 trillion” but that since the sum of the federal budget over the last four years was less than N30 trillion, such an amount could not have been “stolen”.

    According to the President, “it is all political”. I had earlier stated that I would not make further comments on the issues until probably after the elections but since Mr. President has decided to join the fray, I am constrained to make a further brief clarification.

    For me, President Jonathan is a gentleman and a friend but I have a fundamental disagreement on his management of the economy. On the issues at stake, I believe that the pressures of office and the hectic electioneering campaigns have not allowed him time to read my articles or that his staff have not explained the contents to him hence he totally missed the point in his comments. For the avoidance of doubt, let me clarify as follows:

    In my article entitled “Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala and the Missing Trillions”, I presented some rough calculations covering: oil theft, money that ought to accrue to stock of foreign reserves, unbudgeted oil subsidy payments, customs duty waivers, leakages through the self-financing government parastatals, unremitted sums by NNPC, etc.
    I concluded that section of my article by noting that: “I have a long list but let me wait for now. I do not want to talk about other ‘black pots’ that impinge on national security. My estimate, Madam, is that probably more than N30 trillion has either been stolen or lost or unaccounted for or simply mismanaged under your watchful eyes in the past four years.”

    It is evident that the monies I referred to are “off-budget”. These are monies that did not make it to the budget. I find it funny that the Government deliberately avoided the issues raised above but instead has sought to divert attention by focusing on the “federal budget”.

    Let me state for the record that I believe that the amount of resources that are either stolen from the economy or out-rightly mismanaged by government far exceeds the federal budget per annum.

    Ours is about a N100 trillion economy, and I will be shocked if the government pretends that it does not know that currently about 10% of the GDP falls into a ‘black hole’ on annual basis.

    We have not added figures based on counterfactual analysis such as the cost to the aggregate economy of bad or misguided economic policy. For example, in today’s Thisday newspaper, a headline news reports that “Aliko Dangote, Africa’s Richest Man, Loses $7.8 Billion as Naira, Stocks Plunge” while reporting that “In dollar terms, the devaluation has knocked more than $40 billion off the value of Nigeria’s economy”. Of course, most people predicted that oil prices would soon fall but we were caught unprepared, and today, the parallel market exchange rate is N225 to the dollar.

    Thus, the kind of analysis in today’s Thisday is just one little example of the kind of collateral damages–‘costs’ or ‘losses’– that mismanagement foists on the system. To repeat, my article did not focus on the federal budget: the mismanagement of the consumption budget and its unprecedented debt accumulation (with low value-for-money expenditures) are entirely different matters.

    What I found particularly disconcerting as a Nigerian from the comments I read is the fixation to validation from the World Bank. According to Mr. President, “we asked the Minister how her colleagues at the World Bank saw the accusation”. I shook my head in disbelief. It is instructive that no one asked what Nigerians thought or ‘how Nigerians saw it’ but rather what was important to government was the impression of the World Bank. If this is the mind-set of our leaders, then ordinary citizens have real cause to worry.

    Well, I have read several editorial comments of Nigerian media and they do not agree with the ‘impression’ of the World Bank official. I read a similar comment by a high government official stating that World Bank officials and CNN had told them that government was doing well and therefore who else could question them.

    But neither the World Bank nor CNN conducts comprehensive independent surveys on the economy— they comment based on the data they are given— and their subjective “opinions” cannot substitute for hard facts.

    The World Bank is not a statistical agency. I can provide a long list of countries that World Bank reports praised as ‘star performers’ and they slumped into deep crisis almost immediately after. Check out the World Bank and IMF reports on the US and other countries’ economies shortly before the unprecedented global financial and economic crisis in fifty years (the Great Recession of 2008/09).

    Actually for many countries once they start getting such ‘praises’, then perceptive officials begin to worry. Nigeria is probably the only country where its government officials quote the World Bank while ignoring data from its own statistical agency!

    A serious concern is that while government relies on external validation (opinion) as ‘proof’ of its performance, it is selective in the process—accepting the positive ones and disparaging the negative ones. Our recent exchanges illustrate the point. In my first article (26th January): “Buhari Vs Jonathan: Beyond the Elections”, I argued that “the economy seems to be on auto pilot, with confusion as to who is in charge, and government largely as a constraint.

    There are no big ideas, and it is difficult to see where economic policy is headed to. My thesis is that the Nigerian economy, if properly managed, should have been growing at an annual rate of about 12% given the oil boom, and poverty and unemployment should have fallen dramatically over the last five years”. No one has credibly challenged the above, except what the Financial Times of London described as a “furious response by the Minister”. But, the influential Economist Magazine of London and New York Times agreed with us.

    According to the Economist editorial (7th February, 2015): “… as Africa’s biggest economy stages its most important election since the restoration of civilian rule in 1999, and perhaps since the civil war four decades ago, Nigerians must pick between the incumbent, Goodluck Jonathan, who has proved an utter failure, and the opposition leader, Muhammadu Buhari.

    “The single bright spot of his rule has been Nigeria’s economy, one of the world’s fastest-growing. Yet that is largely despite the government rather than because of it, and falling oil prices will temper the boom. The prosperity has not been broadly shared: under Mr Jonathan poverty has increased. Nigerians typically die eight years younger than their poorer neighbours in nearby Ghana.”

    I gave the Government an “F” grade on economic management, and the Economist described its performance as “utter failure”.

    The Economist also basically agreed with me that the re-basing of the economy and its observed ‘growth’ have nothing to do with government policy. Again, government has not credibly challenged the above or is the Economist’s view also ‘all political ’? Government simply waved it off. My point is that if Government has to rely on the “impressions” of external bodies, then it should be consistent and comprehensive.

    In conclusion, let me re-state that I firmly stand by my earlier statements. These are weighty statements which I weighed carefully before issuing. I appreciate that this is an election time and so attempts would be made to trivialize, or either play politics with, or divert attention from, them. In a serious society, we should have had a good debate on these matters as they could provide some of the building blocks in trying to pick the pieces after the elections.

    Part of our citizen duty in a democracy is to raise such issues and demand for answers. In the meantime, I grant that our leaders are busy with campaigns but these issues won’t go away until we have a transparent resolution. Be assured that after the elections, we will be back with even more questions!

  • Excerpt: Education can defeat violence – Obaji

    Excerpt: Education can defeat violence – Obaji

    • Philip Obaji Jr. is the founder of the 1 GAME Campaigns to advocate basic primary education for the over 10.5 million out-of-school children in Nigeria. In this interview with David Lawal, Obaji, who is also a Global Youth Ambassador, speaks on the abducted Chibok girls and the duty of government in providing education for all among other issues.

    Kindly give a brief insight into your background?

    I was born on August 8, 1985 in a town called Ogoja in Northern Cross River State. I am the founder of the 1 GAME Campaign, which promotes basic primary education for vulnerable kids in Nigeria. I am widely known for my activism for rights to education for Children, especially in Northeastern Nigeria. I’m a graduate of Marine Biology from the University of Calabar; a Global Youth Ambassador for United Nations critical education partner, A World at School; a member of International Network for Education in Emergencies; and a champion of Global Partnership for Education. Back home, I am an Executive Committee member of the Cross River State Football Association. I am soft spoken, a Roman Catholic and a man of peace. I believe in Nigeria and in every citizen of this country. And I want to play a role in making it a better place for all of us.

    How long have you been into education advocacy? 

    I’ve been working for close to 5 years now in education advocacy. It all started in 2010 when 1 GAME Campaign was founded.

    What informed your decision to start education advocacy? 

    In 2009, I traveled to Ogoja where I was born. I had not visited the town since my family moved in 1988 when I was just three years old. I wanted to learn more about the place I first lived as a child.

    I have had numerous conversations with my father about Ogoja, and he would often speak about its people, and how he missed them and their culture. Once arriving in Ogoja after a six-hour journey from Calabar, where I live, I was greeted by a group of young boys and girls at the bus stop, who rushed to me, begging for money. The children were between six and fourteen years. When I asked them where they came from, they confessed that they were ‘Almajiris’ from Northern Nigeria.

    They had followed a lorry transporting goods from Maiduguri in Borno State to Ogoja. They said they jumped into the lorry without knowing the driver, and had no idea of where the vehicle was heading. I was overwhelmed by the presence of so many out-of-school children and could not stop thinking about their plight and how to solve this crisis.

    Thereafter I founded 1 GAME Campaign aiming specifically at Almajiris helping them to enroll and complete their basic education. The name ‘1 GAME’ means that anyone involved in the campaign, is asked to defeat violence, illiteracy and poverty – using education as a tool.

    Philip Obaji in CalabarWhat is your disposition to the target on children across the world?

    There is absolutely no justification for the target on children. Terrorists all over the world target children in order to strike fear and gain publicity. Boko Haram for instance gained global acclaim after the Chibok abductions. They got exactly what they were looking for. There are lots of similarities between Boko Haram which operates here in Nigeria, and the Taliban which operates in Pakistan.

    While they both want to enforce full Sharia Law all over Nigeria and Pakistan respectively, they also want to ensure that there is no place for western education in the areas they operate. But let’s not also forget that beyond these things, there is a political undertone to its existence.

    About a year since the abduction of school girls from Chibok, what are the chances of seeing the return of these girls?

    Honestly, no one is sure about the where about or well-being of the Chibok girls except their captors. They’ve been lots of rumors about them. In fact as we speak, there’s a video circulating round Maiduguri purportedly showing Boko Haram militants raping young girls and shooting those who refused to get laid.

    Many people who have seen this video say the girls in the footage are the abducted Chibok girls, but I haven’t been able to get anyone to confirm if that’s true. I can’t really say for sure if the Chibok girls are alive or death or if they are safe where there are. Since there hasn’t been a word for some months from Boko Haram about the girls, no one can be sure about their wellbeing, and whether or not they’ll return.

    Considering the present state of education in Nigeria, where do you think we got it wrong?

    It started from the attitude of government, and the trend is still continuing. The problem with Nigeria’s education has to do with poor planning, poor funding, and in some quarters, corruption. Take primary education for instance, the Universal Basic Education Scheme was designed
    to provide compulsory, free education up to Junior Secondary levels, to be funded by both the Federal and State Governments. The Federal Government keeps 2 percent of the Consolidated Revenue Fund into the scheme and allocates money to the states when the states contribute its matching amounts. However, we’ve found out that most of the states never made their matching grants, denying themselves access to the funds; and in states, where they had been given the grants the education sector there is still pathetic. That tells you that these governments are not making education their priority.

    The population of out-of-school children in Nigeria according to UNESCO is equal to the total population of the entire Czech Republic (10.5 million), who do you think is responsible for this?

    The government has the biggest role to play in ensuring Education for All. In 2000, at the World Education Forum in Dakar, Senegal, 180 countries including Nigeria signed up to make the six goals of Education For All happen, committing to putting legal frameworks, policies and finance in place so that everyone, no matter what their circumstances, could have an education – one that is available, accessible, acceptable and adaptable.

    The richest countries pledged to help make Education for All a reality by committing to principles of international cooperation towards those countries with fewer financial resources. Commitment towards the right to education was also reflected in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, set in 2000 with a deadline for achievement by 2015. Out of the eight Millennium Development Goals two focus on education. Both the EFA and MDG goals are all centered on what governments should do, and not what parents or children should do to create access to education.

    But as much as government has a huge role to play, we as citizens must encourage and drive our children to education. Teachers must inspire. Principals must lead. Parents must instill a thirst for learning. And students have got to do the work in school. And if we can all do this together, I assure you we will build great ideas and push this nation away from the stronghold of extremists.

    What’s your advice to government on providing education for all?

    Government must show more seriousness in achieving the goals of Education for All. Education is achievable if government mobilizes the political will and available resources. Government must recognize that education is a universal human right; that it is the key to poverty alleviation and sustainable human development; and of course, education is its core responsibility. In doing so, it must ensure increased provision of quality early childhood education and care; the eradication of adult illiteracy and a second chance to learn for youth and adults who miss out on formal schooling; an end to child labour; democratic participation of, and accountability to, civil society, including teachers and their unions, in education decision making at all levels; fair and regular salaries for teachers; properly equipped classrooms and a supply of quality textbooks;
    inclusive and non-discriminatory provision of services for all; the mobilization of political will and new resources in support of National Education plans to realize the EFA Goals, including adequate public expenditure of at least 6 per cent of GNP. Without this in place, it would be difficult to achieve Education for All.

     

  • School where pupils pay teachers’ salary

    School where pupils pay teachers’ salary

    Have you ever imagined a scenario where pupils of primary schools pay teachers’ salary? That is the situation in a yet-to-be-approved Government Primary School in Ijoko, Ogun State. It is usually interesting to hear government officials say that education is free in Nigeria, especially at the primary level and the most important section as it is. How true is this saying?

    For several reasons ranging from Community Development Association’s (CDA) inability to further maintain facilities (rented building and provision of Chairs and textbooks in some cases) and to manage both teachers’ and pupils’ needs, to their inability to erect a structure suitable for government approval, the school has changed locations for about 4 times.

    What now poses as St. Saviour Primary School Olayemi Annex, Oluke Tuntun, Ijoko, Ogun State, used to be United Community Primary School, established in 2005 by the collective effort of the members of Olorundusin (Fadunsin) CDA, area of Ijoko.

    However, the farther the school goes the more or less accessible it became for some pupils, and some hopes to attend primary school were dashed. At Basic (Primary) 6, the pupils are merged with an approved school for placement into Basic 7 (Junior Secondary School 1) at the nearest Government Secondary School.

    Government at all levels calls it Free Education but Pupils of St. Saviour Primary School, Olayemi pay N600 while their colleagues in the yet-to-be-approved annexe pay N1600. This is because, at the yet-to-be-approved annexe, pupils pay N500 for teachers’ salary and N500 for the school building. The other N600 supposedly paid to the government, is N300 for maintenance and N300 for insurance from the government. What then is free? This is obviously not peculiar to St Saviour; it seems to be the culture in Ogun State.

    For new intakes in an unapproved school like St. Saviour Annex, the story is slightly different. They pay N2200. This is the regular levy of N1600 plus N100 for a chair and N500 for government approval of the school. Only God knows how long this payment for approval will last before nature smiles on them.

    The said N600 supposedly paid to the government is per session since its introduction until early 2014 when pupils now pay every term, which now amounts to N1800 per academic session in an approved school and N4800 for the yet-to-be-approved school pupils. Maybe the cost of insuring and maintaining these pupils has increased.

    Meanwhile, the curriculum at primary school level is expected to provide a permanent literacy for children from ages 3 and 5, including pre-primary. It also extends to the laying of a sound basis for scientific, critical and reflective thinking, inclusive of equipping children with the core life skills to function effectively in the society. It could not have been otherwise, that is what makes it a primary education to human existence anyway.

    St. Saviour Oluke annexe has tried to do just that for about 9 solid years now. This poor to-be-public primary school, in its unapproved form, has continued to produce primary school graduates, laying a questionable foundation.

    After going through hell, the school now has a structure of four classrooms, which is one of government’s requirements to approve a school as fit to offer public primary education. Just as the Basic 6 pupils occupy a classroom that also doubles as office due to the inadequacy of classrooms, the pupils of Basic 1 also occupy a classroom out of the four classrooms available. On the contrary, Basic 2 and 3 share one classroom, while pupils of Basic 4 and 5 also share a classroom. All these are efforts of the children of the masses to acquire education by all means.

    It is, therefore, logical to best describe this kind of education as cheap and not free education. If the government does not know what it is doing, the citizens know.

    It is pertinent for government to want to revive public primary education in Nigeria. If it would remain free as claimed, it does not have to be with bad structures and ill administrative systems. Students of public schools also deserve some dignity and sense of satisfaction for attending government schools. It is expected that whatever government does should be at its best. However, many Nigerians, home and abroad have lost hope in the governmentet, there are few who believe that government can and would attend to the very needs of the citizenry, giving rise to out of school children in the country.

    See infographics below:

     

    Thus, schools should be often rehabilitated and equipped with up-to-date facilities including white boards, markers and library, as well as qualified manpower to mention but few. In the light of that, fresh graduates could be employed in classrooms to both reduce unemployment and rescue government schools. Most of these graduates after National Youth Service often end up teaching in private schools with a stipend in the name of salary. These, undoubtedly will help reposition primary education again in Nigeria.

    As vital as it is to equip and manage schools, it is even more important for government to build enough schools across every settlement to overcome the risk of overpopulated few available schools and or the risks of pupils travelling more than 3 kilometers to school. More so, one of the supposed reasons why private schools seem to do much better is because teachers do not attend to too many students which may bring about a hostile teachers-students relationship. One teacher to 20-25 students is not bad. Also important is the need for re-orientation of teachers about their relationships with students.

    On the whole, rewards and certificates of recognitions or of honours often boost worker’s will-power to do more at work. Teachers should not be left out of such appropriate motivations and reward for extra efforts to improve the learning of pupils. Education is light as knowledge is power. In the voices of the children of Nigerian masses, government should do the needful to boost the ego and will-power of teachers to improve education.

    No sooner than these and many other reforms are effected, education will be revived in the country again and the future can be promising.

  • Maradona undergoes facelift, shows off new look

    Maradona undergoes facelift, shows off new look

    Diego Maradona, Argentine World Cup-winning football legend, has undergone a facelift, local Argentine media reports.

    Maradona, who has always been in the news in his native Argentina, has also released pictures of his fresh-face, posing with his girlfriend Rocio Oliva.

    The 54year-old ex-footballer has had some problems with the woman, who is 24year-old (30 years his junior), but they appear to be happily back together.

    According to Gerard Couzins of the Daily Mirror, the legend posed for a photograph alongside his on-off girlfriend Rocio Oliva, 24, after reportedly going under the knife to rid bags under his eyes and complete laser treatment to soften his skin.

    Argentine media claim he agreed to the makeover so he could look younger for Rocio, who he is now back with after getting her arrested last summer over claims she stole hundreds of pounds worth of jewelry and watches from his mansion in Dubai.

    Certainly, he seems happy that the “Hand of Surgeon” has come to his aid.

  • Muslims shouldn’t celebrate Valentine’s Day – Cleric

    Muslims shouldn’t celebrate Valentine’s Day – Cleric

    An Indonesian cleric on Friday said Muslims should not celebrate Valentine’s Day because it glorifies promiscuity.

    Anwar Abbas, Head of Education at the semi-official Indonesian Council of Muslim Scholars, said the sale of condoms in bags of chocolates gift raised concerns.

    “Valentine’s Day is not compatible with our nation’s culture and religious tenets.

    “This culture will destroy the morality of the young generation,’’ Abbas warned.

    He said that the council was concerned about reports that some shops had been selling chocolate packaged together with condoms ahead of Valentine’s Day.

    The media reports said that the reports sparked outrage among conservative Muslims and prompted local authorities in Central Java to raid stores and confiscate the items.

    Indonesia is the world’s most populous Muslim nation, but Islamic observance is relatively moderate.

    Saint Valentine’s Day, also known as Valentine’s Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, is a holiday observed on February 14 each year.